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Zhao K, Xu J, Zhao B. Panoramic RNA expression of fibroblast growth factors in human glioblastoma tissues and the impact on the survival of patients. Oncol Lett 2024; 28:317. [PMID: 38807663 PMCID: PMC11130607 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) have a key role in various critical steps of tumor growth and progression through effects on angiogenesis, inflammation and the growth and invasion of malignant cells. Nevertheless, the role of the FGF family in human glioblastoma (GBM) has been rarely studied. The objective of the present study was to assess the RNA expression of all FGF family members in tissues obtained from patients with GBM and to analyze the association between FGF expression and the survival of these patients. For this, the RNA expression of FGF family members in the malignant and proximal tissues of 12 patients with GBM was determined by analyzing high-throughput RNA transcriptome sequencing data uploaded to the National Center for Biotechnology Information database. The relationship between FGF genes and the survival of patients with GBM and glioma was also respectively studied by analyzing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis tool. The results showed that the expression of FGF1, FGF17, FGF20 and FGF22 in GBM tissues was lower than that in adjacent tissues, with a difference of >2 times. Analysis of the overall survival of patients with GBM indicated there were no significant relationships between the expression of FGF1, FGF17, FGF20, FGF22 and overall survival. Analysis of the overall survival of patients with glioma showed that glioma patients with low FGF1 expression achieved a longer survival time than patients with high FGF1 expression; however, high expression of FGF17 and FGF22 indicated a longer survival time. In summary, the results of the present study demonstrated the panoramic expression of FGF family members in patients with GBM, and indicated that FGF1, FGF17 and FGF22 did not affect the survival of patients with GBM, but had a notable influence on the survival of patients with glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Jiakun Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Beichuan Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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2
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Haase A, Alefeld E, Yalinci F, Meenen DV, Busch MA, Dünker N. Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide Receptor (GIPR) Overexpression Reduces the Tumorigenic Potential of Retinoblastoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1656. [PMID: 38730608 PMCID: PMC11083251 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common malignant intraocular tumor in early childhood. Gene expression profiling revealed that the gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor (GIPR) is upregulated following trefoil factor family peptide 1 (TFF1) overexpression in RB cells. In the study presented, we found this G protein-coupled transmembrane receptor to be co-expressed with TFF1, a new diagnostic and prognostic RB biomarker for advanced subtype 2 RBs. Functional analyses in two RB cell lines revealed a significant reduction in cell viability and growth and a concomitant increase in apoptosis following stable, lentiviral GIPR overexpression, matching the effects seen after TFF1 overexpression. In chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assays, GIPR-overexpressing RB cells developed significantly smaller CAM tumors. The effect of GIPR overexpression in RB cells was reversed by the GIPR inhibitor MK0893. The administration of recombinant TFF1 did not augment GIPR overexpression effects, suggesting that GIPR does not serve as a TFF1 receptor. Investigations of potential GIPR up- and downstream mediators suggest the involvement of miR-542-5p and p53 in GIPR signaling. Our results indicate a tumor suppressor role of GIPR in RB, suggesting its pathway as a new potential target for future retinoblastoma therapy.
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3
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Catalano M, Limatola C, Trettel F. Non-neoplastic astrocytes: key players for brain tumor progression. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 17:1352130. [PMID: 38293652 PMCID: PMC10825036 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1352130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are highly plastic cells whose activity is essential to maintain the cerebral homeostasis, regulating synaptogenesis and synaptic transmission, vascular and metabolic functions, ions, neuro- and gliotransmitters concentrations. In pathological conditions, astrocytes may undergo transient or long-lasting molecular and functional changes that contribute to disease resolution or exacerbation. In recent years, many studies demonstrated that non-neoplastic astrocytes are key cells of the tumor microenvironment that contribute to the pathogenesis of glioblastoma, the most common primary malignant brain tumor and of secondary metastatic brain tumors. This Mini Review covers the recent development of research on non-neoplastic astrocytes as tumor-modulators. Their double-edged capability to promote cancer progression or to represent potential tools to counteract brain tumors will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Catalano
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Limatola
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Flavia Trettel
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Zhang L, Xu L. Fgf2 and Ptpn11 play a role in cerebral injury caused by sevoflurane anesthesia. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36108. [PMID: 37960778 PMCID: PMC10637467 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sevoflurane is a new inhaled anesthetic, which has better physical properties than the existing inhalational anesthetics, rapid induction, less tissue uptake, and faster recovery. Sevoflurane can directly dilators cerebral blood vessels and increase cerebral blood flow, but it also reduces cerebral oxygen metabolism rate, thereby reducing cerebral blood flow. However, the role of Fgf2 and Ptpn11 in cerebral injury caused by sevoflurane anesthesia remains unclear. The sevoflurane anesthesia brain tissue datasets GSE139220 and GSE141242 were downloaded from gene expression omnibus (GEO). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed. Construction and analysis of protein-protein interaction (PPI) Network. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG), comparative toxicogenomics database (CTD) were performed. A heat map of gene expression was drawn. TargetScan was used to screen miRNAs regulating DEGs. 500 DEGs were identified. According to GO, in Biological Process analysis, they were mainly enriched in response to hypoxia, blood vessel development, inner ear development, neural tube closure, and aging. In Cellular Component (CC), they were mainly enriched in plasma membrane, integral component of membrane, and basal lamina. In Molecular Function (MF), they were mainly associated with protein binding, Wnt-activated receptor activity, and organic anion transmembrane transporter activity. In the KEGG analysis, they were mainly enriched in proteoglycans in cancer, pathways in cancer, transcriptional misregulation in cancer, basal cell carcinoma, thyroid hormone signaling pathway. In the Metascape enrichment analysis, the GO enrichment items revealed upregulated regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation, platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway, inner ear development, and response to hypoxia. A total of 20 modules were generated. Gene Expression Heatmap showed that the core genes (Fgf2, Pdgfra, Ptpn11, Slc2a1) were highly expressed in sevoflurane anesthesia brain tissue samples. CTD Analysis showed that the 4 core genes (Fgf2, Pdgfra, Ptpn11, Slc2a1) were associated with neurodegenerative diseases, brain injuries, memory disorders, cognitive disorders, neurotoxicity, drug-induced abnormalities, neurological disorders, developmental disorders, and intellectual disabilities. Fgf2 and Ptpn11 are highly expressed in brain tissue after sevoflurane anesthesia, higher the expression level of Fgf2 and Ptpn11, worse the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyan Xu
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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5
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Bondi D, Bevere M, Piccirillo R, Sorci G, Di Felice V, Re Cecconi AD, D'Amico D, Pietrangelo T, Fulle S. Integrated procedures for accelerating, deepening, and leading genetic inquiry: A first application on human muscle secretome. Mol Genet Metab 2023; 140:107705. [PMID: 37837864 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2023.107705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Beyond classical procedures, bioinformatic-assisted approaches and computational biology offer unprecedented opportunities for scholars. However, these amazing possibilities still need epistemological criticism, as well as standardized procedures. Especially those topics with a huge body of data may benefit from data science (DS)-assisted methods. Therefore, the current study dealt with the combined expert-assisted and DS-assisted approaches to address the broad field of muscle secretome. We aimed to apply DS tools to fix the literature research, suggest investigation targets with a data-driven approach, predict possible scenarios, and define a workflow. METHODS Recognized scholars with expertise on myokines were invited to provide a list of the most important myokines. GeneRecommender, GeneMANIA, HumanNet, and STRING were selected as DS tools. Networks were built on STRING and GeneMANIA. The outcomes of DS tools included the top 5 recommendations. Each expert-led discussion has been then integrated with an DS-led approach to provide further perspectives. RESULTS Among the results, 11 molecules had already been described as bona-fide myokines in literature, and 11 molecules were putative myokines. Most of the myokines and the putative myokines recommended by the DS tools were described as present in the cargo of extracellular vesicles. CONCLUSIONS Including both supervised and unsupervised learning methods, as well as encompassing algorithms focused on both protein interaction and gene represent a comprehensive approach to tackle complex biomedical topics. DS-assisted methods for reviewing existent evidence, recommending targets of interest, and predicting original scenarios are worth exploring as in silico recommendations to be integrated with experts' ideas for optimizing molecular studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Bondi
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti - Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), Perugia, Italy.
| | - Michele Bevere
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti - Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Rosanna Piccirillo
- Department of Neurosciences, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Guglielmo Sorci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy; Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), Perugia, Italy.
| | - Valentina Di Felice
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Andrea David Re Cecconi
- Department of Neurosciences, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Daniela D'Amico
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Pietrangelo
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti - Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), Perugia, Italy.
| | - Stefania Fulle
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti - Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), Perugia, Italy.
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6
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Ge Z, Zhang Q, Lin W, Jiang X, Zhang Y. The role of angiogenic growth factors in the immune microenvironment of glioma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1254694. [PMID: 37790751 PMCID: PMC10542410 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1254694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenic growth factors (AGFs) are a class of secreted cytokines related to angiogenesis that mainly include vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs), stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs), fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and angiopoietins (ANGs). Accumulating evidence indicates that the role of AGFs is not only limited to tumor angiogenesis but also participating in tumor progression by other mechanisms that go beyond their angiogenic role. AGFs were shown to be upregulated in the glioma microenvironment characterized by extensive angiogenesis and high immunosuppression. AGFs produced by tumor and stromal cells can exert an immunomodulatory role in the glioma microenvironment by interacting with immune cells. This review aims to sum up the interactions among AGFs, immune cells and cancer cells with a particular emphasis on glioma and tries to provide new perspectives for understanding the glioma immune microenvironment and in-depth explorations for anti-glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaofan Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanyu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
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7
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Brown LM, Ekert PG, Fleuren EDG. Biological and clinical implications of FGFR aberrations in paediatric and young adult cancers. Oncogene 2023:10.1038/s41388-023-02705-7. [PMID: 37130917 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02705-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Rare but recurrent mutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) pathways, most commonly in one of the four FGFR receptor tyrosine kinase genes, can potentially be targeted with broad-spectrum multi-kinase or FGFR selective inhibitors. The complete spectrum of these mutations in paediatric cancers is emerging as precision medicine programs perform comprehensive sequencing of individual tumours. Identification of patients most likely to benefit from FGFR inhibition currently rests on identifying activating FGFR mutations, gene fusions, or gene amplification events. However, the expanding use of transcriptome sequencing (RNAseq) has identified that many tumours overexpress FGFRs, in the absence of any genomic aberration. The challenge now presented is to determine when this indicates true FGFR oncogenic activity. Under-appreciated mechanisms of FGFR pathway activation, including alternate FGFR transcript expression and concomitant FGFR and FGF ligand expression, may mark those tumours where FGFR overexpression is indicative of a dependence on FGFR signalling. In this review, we provide a comprehensive and mechanistic overview of FGFR pathway aberrations and their functional consequences in paediatric cancer. We explore how FGFR over expression might be associated with true receptor activation. Further, we discuss the therapeutic implications of these aberrations in the paediatric setting and outline current and emerging therapeutic strategies to treat paediatric patients with FGFR-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Brown
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul G Ekert
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Emmy D G Fleuren
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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El Atat O, Naser R, Abdelkhalek M, Habib RA, El Sibai M. Molecular targeted therapy: A new avenue in glioblastoma treatment. Oncol Lett 2022; 25:46. [PMID: 36644133 PMCID: PMC9811647 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma, also referred to as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), is grade IV astrocytoma characterized by being fast-growing and the most aggressive brain tumor. In adults, it is the most prevalent type of malignant brain tumor. Despite the advancements in both diagnosis tools and therapeutic treatments, GBM is still associated with poor survival rate without any statistically significant improvement in the past three decades. Patient's genome signature is one of the key factors causing the development of this tumor, in addition to previous radiation exposure and other environmental factors. Researchers have identified genomic and subsequent molecular alterations affecting core pathways that trigger the malignant phenotype of this tumor. Targeting intrinsically altered molecules and pathways is seen as a novel avenue in GBM treatment. The present review shed light on signaling pathways and intrinsically altered molecules implicated in GBM development. It discussed the main challenges impeding successful GBM treatment, such as the blood brain barrier and tumor microenvironment (TME), the plasticity and heterogeneity of both GBM and TME and the glioblastoma stem cells. The present review also presented current advancements in GBM molecular targeted therapy in clinical trials. Profound and comprehensive understanding of molecular participants opens doors for innovative, more targeted and personalized GBM therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oula El Atat
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Rayan Naser
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Maya Abdelkhalek
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Ralph Abi Habib
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Mirvat El Sibai
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon,Correspondence to: Professor Mirvat El Sibai, Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Koraytem Street, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon, E-mail:
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Abstract
The FGF receptors (FGFRs) belong to a family of receptor tyrosine kinases. Abundant evidence shows that FGFRs are closely related to tumor cell invasion and angiogenesis. Hence, targeted modulation of FGFRs has become an effective strategy for cancer treatment. Recently, the development of small-molecule inhibitors targeting FGFRs has been extensively studied, and three inhibitors have been approved for marketing. Based on the clinical problems with the current inhibitors, there is a need to develop novel inhibitors and technologies to address the pitfalls. This review summarizes recent advances in small-molecule inhibitors targeting FGFRs, focusing on structure-activity relationships. Moreover, recent progress of novel technologies are summarized to provide a reference for promoting the application of drugs targeting FGFRs in tumor therapy.
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10
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Siddique R, Abideen SA, Nabi G, Awan FM, Noor Khan S, Ullah F, Khan S, Xue M. Fibroblast growth factor 2 is a druggable target against glioblastoma: A computational investigation. Front Chem 2022; 10:1071929. [PMID: 36505741 PMCID: PMC9732544 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1071929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) is a key player in cancer and tissue homeostasis and regulates renewal of several stem cell types. The FGF2 role in malignant glioma is proven and tagged FGF2, a novel druggable target, is used for developing potent drugs against glioblastoma. In this study, Asinex 51412372, Asinex 51217461, and Asinex 51216586 were filtered to show the best binding affinity for FGF2 with binding energy scores of -8.3 kcal/mol, -8.2 kcal/mol, and -7.8 kcal/mol, respectively. The compounds showed chemical interactions with several vital residues of FGF2 along the compound length. The noticeable residues that interacted with the compounds were Arg15, Asp23, Arg63, and Gln105. In dynamic investigation in solution, the FGF2 reported unstable dynamics in the first 100 ns and gained structural equilibrium in the second phase of 100 ns. The maximum root mean square deviation (RMSD) value touched by the systems is 3 Å. Similarly, the residue flexibility of FGF2 in the presence of compounds was within a stable range and is compact along the simulation time length. The compounds showed robust atomic-level stable energies with FGF2, which are dominated by both van der Waals and electrostatic interactions. The net binding energy of systems varies between -40 kcal/mol and -86 kcal/mol, suggesting the formation of strong intermolecular docked complexes. The drug-likeness and pharmacokinetic properties also pointed toward good structures that are not toxic, have high gastric absorption, showed good distribution, and readily excreted from the body. In summary, the predicted compounds in this study might be ideal hits that might be further optimized for structure and activity during experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabeea Siddique
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou Uiversity, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Medical Key Laboratory of Translational Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Syed Ainul Abideen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ghulam Nabi
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, KraKow, Poland
| | - Faryal Mehwish Awan
- Department of Medial Lab Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Sadiq Noor Khan
- Department of Medial Lab Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Fawad Ullah
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Centre of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Suliman Khan
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou Uiversity, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Medial Lab Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Mengzhou Xue
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou Uiversity, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Medical Key Laboratory of Translational Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, China
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11
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Pagano K, Longhi E, Molinari H, Taraboletti G, Ragona L. Inhibition of FGFR Signaling by Targeting FGF/FGFR Extracellular Interactions: Towards the Comprehension of the Molecular Mechanism through NMR Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810860. [PMID: 36142770 PMCID: PMC9503799 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
NMR-based approaches play a pivotal role in providing insight into molecular recognition mechanisms, affording the required atomic-level description and enabling the identification of promising inhibitors of protein–protein interactions. The aberrant activation of the fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2)/fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signaling pathway drives several pathologies, including cancer development, metastasis formation, resistance to therapy, angiogenesis-driven pathologies, vascular diseases, and viral infections. Most FGFR inhibitors targeting the intracellular ATP binding pocket of FGFR have adverse effects, such as limited specificity and relevant toxicity. A viable alternative is represented by targeting the FGF/FGFR extracellular interactions. We previously identified a few small-molecule inhibitors acting extracellularly, targeting FGFR or FGF. We have now built a small library of natural and synthetic molecules that potentially act as inhibitors of FGF2/FGFR interactions to improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of inhibitory activity. Here, we provide a comparative analysis of the interaction mode of small molecules with the FGF2/FGFR complex and the single protein domains. DOSY and residue-level NMR analysis afforded insights into the capability of the potential inhibitors to destabilize complex formation, highlighting different mechanisms of inhibition of FGF2-induced cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katiuscia Pagano
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC), via Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence: (K.P.); (L.R.)
| | - Elisa Longhi
- Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 24126 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Henriette Molinari
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC), via Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia Taraboletti
- Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 24126 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Laura Ragona
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC), via Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence: (K.P.); (L.R.)
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12
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Puebla M, Tapia PJ, Espinoza H. Key Role of Astrocytes in Postnatal Brain and Retinal Angiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052646. [PMID: 35269788 PMCID: PMC8910249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a key process in various physiological and pathological conditions in the nervous system and in the retina during postnatal life. Although an increasing number of studies have addressed the role of endothelial cells in this event, the astrocytes contribution in angiogenesis has received less attention. This review is focused on the role of astrocytes as a scaffold and in the stabilization of the new blood vessels, through different molecules release, which can modulate the angiogenesis process in the brain and in the retina. Further, differences in the astrocytes phenotype are addressed in glioblastoma, one of the most devastating types of brain cancer, in order to provide potential targets involved in the cross signaling between endothelial cells, astrocytes and glioma cells, that mediate tumor progression and pathological angiogenesis. Given the relevance of astrocytes in angiogenesis in physiological and pathological conditions, future studies are required to better understand the interrelation between endothelial and astrocyte signaling pathways during this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela Puebla
- Centro de Fisiología Celular e Integrativa, Facultad de Medicina-Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Av. Plaza 680, Las Condes, Santiago 7550000, Chile;
| | - Pablo J. Tapia
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Av. Lota 2465, Providencia, Santiago 7500000, Chile;
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronomía, Universidad de las Américas, Av. República 71, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Hilda Espinoza
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Alba, Av. Ejército Libertador 171, Santiago 8320000, Chile
- Correspondence:
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Yang Q, Guo C, Lin X, Luo L, He Z, Lin F, Zhang J, Chen Y, Jiang X, Ke C, Mou Y. Anlotinib Alone or in Combination With Temozolomide in the Treatment of Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: A Retrospective Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:804942. [PMID: 35002738 PMCID: PMC8741259 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.804942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Anlotinib is a multi-target anti-angiogenic agent. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib alone or in combination with temozolomide for the treatment of recurrent high-grade glioma. Materials and Methods: The clinical data of patients with recurrent high-grade glioma treated with anlotinib alone or in combination with temozolomide in our cancer center were collected and analyzed. Treatment response was evaluated according to the response assessment for neuro-oncology criteria. Progression-free survival, progression-free survival at 6 months, overall survival, and overall survival at 12 months were evaluated by Kaplan–Meier method and compared by log-rank test. Results: Between August 2019 and December 2020, 31 patients with recurrent high-grade glioma (21 of grade 4 and 10 of grade 3) were enrolled in this study. Seventeen patients received anlotinib alone and 14 received anlotinib plus temozolomide. All patients were heavily treated, the median lines of previous treatments were 2, and the median Karnofsky score was 60. At the data cutoff date, the median progression-free survival was 4.5 months and the progression-free survival at 6 months was 43.5%. The median overall survival was 7.7 months, and the overall survival at 12 months was 26.7%. The progression-free survival at 6 months and the overall survival at 12 months for 21 patients with grade 4 glioma was 40.2 and 27.9%, respectively. The tumor objective response rate was 41.9% in all patients and 33.3% in patients with grade 4 glioma. No grade 3 or worse treatment-related adverse events were recorded during the treatment. Conclusion: Anlotinib alone or in combination with temozolomide showed encouraging efficacy and favorable tolerability in patients with recurrent high-grade glioma who had been heavily treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunying Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengcheng Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Lin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Luo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenqiang He
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuhua Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinsheng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Ke
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonggao Mou
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Izadpanah A, Daneshimehr F, Willingham K, Barabadi Z, Braun SE, Dumont A, Mostany R, Chandrasekar B, Alt EU, Izadpanah R. Targeting TRAF3IP2 inhibits angiogenesis in glioblastoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:893820. [PMID: 36046049 PMCID: PMC9421153 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.893820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased vascularization, also known as neoangiogenesis, plays a major role in many cancers, including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), by contributing to their aggressive growth and metastasis. Although anti-angiogenic therapies provide some clinical improvement, they fail to significantly improve the overall survival of GBM patients. Since various pro-angiogenic mediators drive GBM, we hypothesized that identifying targetable genes that broadly inhibit multiple pro-angiogenic mediators will significantly promote favorable outcomes. Here, we identified TRAF3IP2 (TRAF3-interacting protein 2) as a critical regulator of angiogenesis in GBM. We demonstrated that knockdown of TRAF3IP2 in an intracranial model of GBM significantly reduces vascularization. Targeting TRAF3IP2 significantly downregulated VEGF, IL6, ANGPT2, IL8, FZGF2, PGF, IL1β, EGF, PDGFRB, and VEGFR2 expression in residual tumors. Our data also indicate that exogenous addition of VEGF partially restores angiogenesis by TRAF3IP2-silenced cells, suggesting that TRAF3IP2 promotes angiogenesis through VEGF- and non-VEGF-dependent mechanisms. These results indicate the anti-angiogenic and anti-tumorigenic potential of targeting TRAF3IP2 in GBM, a deadly cancer with limited treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Izadpanah
- Applied Stem Cell Laboratory, Medicine/Heart and Vascular Institute, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Fatemeh Daneshimehr
- Applied Stem Cell Laboratory, Medicine/Heart and Vascular Institute, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Kurtis Willingham
- Applied Stem Cell Laboratory, Medicine/Heart and Vascular Institute, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Zahra Barabadi
- Applied Stem Cell Laboratory, Medicine/Heart and Vascular Institute, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Stephen E. Braun
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, United States
| | - Aaron Dumont
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Ricardo Mostany
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Bysani Chandrasekar
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine and Harry S. Truman Veterans Memorial Hospital, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Eckhard U. Alt
- Applied Stem Cell Laboratory, Medicine/Heart and Vascular Institute, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Isarklinikum Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Reza Izadpanah
- Applied Stem Cell Laboratory, Medicine/Heart and Vascular Institute, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
- *Correspondence: Reza Izadpanah,
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15
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Guo X, Chen T, Chen S, Song C, Shan D, Xu S, Xu S. Case Report: Identification of Multiple TERT and FGFR2 Gene Fusions in a Pineal Region Glioblastoma Case. Front Oncol 2021; 11:739309. [PMID: 34976798 PMCID: PMC8716851 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.739309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As an oncogenic somatic variant, telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter (TERTp) mutations are frequently observed in adult glioblastoma (GBM). Alternatively, we report the first case of glioblastoma with TERT amplification accompanied by multiple TERT and FGFR2 gene fusions instead of TERTp mutation. A 55-year-old woman presented with dizziness, headache, and diplopia for three weeks. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a heterogeneously enhancing lobulated mass centered in the pineal region. Partial tumor resection and ventriculoperitoneal shunt were achieved, and the residual tumor was then treated with standard radiation. The tumor was diagnosed as GBM, IDH-wild type, WHO grade IV, and the Ki67 proliferation index was high (30–40%). Intriguingly, TERT amplification without TERTp mutation was identified via next generation sequencing (NGS). Further analysis revealed multiple TERT (TERT–NUBPL, MARCH6–TERT, and CJD4–TERT) and FGFR2 (CXCL17–FGFR2, SIPA1L3–FGFR2, FGFR2–SIPA1L3, and FGFR2–CEACAM1) gene fusions. After the surgery, the patient’s condition deteriorated rapidly due to the malignant nature of the tumor and she died with an overall survival of 3 months. Our report provides the molecular clue for a novel telomerase activation and maintenance mechanism in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
| | - Teng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
| | - Shiming Chen
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Diagnostics Co., Ltd, Nanjing, China
| | - Dezhi Shan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
| | - Shujun Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
| | - Shuo Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Shuo Xu,
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16
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Gu J, Mu N, Jia B, Guo Q, Pan L, Zhu M, Zhang W, Zhang K, Li W, Li M, Wei L, Xue X, Zhang Y, Zhang W. Targeting radiation-tolerant persister cells as a strategy for inhibiting radioresistance and recurrence in glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2021; 24:1056-1070. [PMID: 34905060 PMCID: PMC9248405 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compelling evidence suggests that glioblastoma (GBM) recurrence results from the expansion of a subset of tumor cells with robust intrinsic or therapy-induced radioresistance. However, the mechanisms underlying GBM radioresistance and recurrence remain elusive. To overcome obstacles in radioresistance research, we present a novel preclinical model ideally suited for radiobiological studies. METHODS With this model, we performed a screen and identified a radiation-tolerant persister (RTP) subpopulation. RNA sequencing was performed on RTP and parental cells to obtain mRNA and miRNA expression profiles. The regulatory mechanisms among NF-κB, YY1, miR-103a, XRCC3, and FGF2 were investigated by transcription factor activation profiling array analysis, chromatin immunoprecipitation, western blot analysis, luciferase reporter assays, and the MirTrap system. Transferrin-functionalized nanoparticles (Tf-NPs) were employed to improve blood-brain barrier permeability and RTP targeting. RESULTS RTP cells drive radioresistance by preferentially activating DNA damage repair and promoting stemness. Mechanistic investigations showed that continual radiation activates the NF-κB signaling cascade and promotes nuclear translocation of p65, leading to enhanced expression of YY1, the transcription factor that directly suppresses miR-103a transcription. Restoring miR-103a expression under these conditions suppressed the FGF2-XRCC3 axis and decreased the radioresistance capability. Moreover, Tf-NPs improved radiosensitivity and provided a significant survival benefit. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that the NF-κB-YY1-miR-103a regulatory axis is indispensable for the function of RTP cells in driving radioresistance and recurrence. Thus, our results identified a novel strategy for improving survival in patients with recurrent/refractory GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Luxiang Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Maorong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wangqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Kuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Weina Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Meng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lichun Wei
- Department of Radiotherapy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaochang Xue
- Xiaochang Xue, PhD, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Xi’an 710119, China ()
| | - Yingqi Zhang
- Yingqi Zhang, PhD, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China ()
| | - Wei Zhang
- Corresponding Authors: Wei Zhang, PhD, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China ()
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17
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Arya KR, Bharath Chand RP, Abhinand CS, Nair AS, Oommen OV, Sudhakaran PR. Identification of Hub Genes and Key Pathways Associated with Anti- VEGF Resistant Glioblastoma Using Gene Expression Data Analysis. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030403. [PMID: 33803224 PMCID: PMC8000064 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-VEGF therapy is considered to be a useful therapeutic approach in many tumors, but the low efficacy and drug resistance limit its therapeutic potential and promote tumor growth through alternative mechanisms. We reanalyzed the gene expression data of xenografts of tumors of bevacizumab-resistant glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients, using bioinformatics tools, to understand the molecular mechanisms of this resistance. An analysis of the gene set data from three generations of xenografts, identified as 646, 873 and 1220, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the first, fourth and ninth generations, respectively, of the anti-VEGF-resistant GBM cells. Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analyses demonstrated that the DEGs were significantly enriched in biological processes such as angiogenesis, cell proliferation, cell migration, and apoptosis. The protein–protein interaction network and module analysis revealed 21 hub genes, which were enriched in cancer pathways, the cell cycle, the HIF1 signaling pathway, and microRNAs in cancer. The VEGF pathway analysis revealed nine upregulated (IL6, EGFR, VEGFA, SRC, CXCL8, PTGS2, IDH1, APP, and SQSTM1) and five downregulated hub genes (POLR2H, RPS3, UBA52, CCNB1, and UBE2C) linked with several of the VEGF signaling pathway components. The survival analysis showed that three upregulated hub genes (CXCL8, VEGFA, and IDH1) were associated with poor survival. The results predict that these hub genes associated with the GBM resistance to bevacizumab may be potential therapeutic targets or can be biomarkers of the anti-VEGF resistance of GBM.
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18
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Zhang S, Huang J, Zhang L, Gu J, Song Q, Cai Y, Zhong J, Zhong H, Deng Y, Zhu W, Zhao J, Deng N. Fermentation, Purification, and Tumor Inhibition of a Disulfide-Stabilized Diabody Against Fibroblast Growth Factor-2. Front Oncol 2021; 11:585457. [PMID: 33718141 PMCID: PMC7947002 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.585457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is considered one of the hallmarks of cancer and plays a critical role in the development of tumor. Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) is a member of the FGF family and participates in excessive cancer cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. Thus, targeting FGF-2 was considered to be a promising anti-tumor strategy. A disulfide-stabilized diabody (ds-Diabody) against FGF-2 was produced in Pichia pastoris (GS115) by fermentation and the anti-tumor activity was analyzed. The novel 10-L fed batch fermentation with newly designed media was established, and the maximum production of the ds-Diabody against FGF-2 reached 210.4 mg/L. The ds-Diabody against FGF-2 was purified by Ni2+ affinity chromatography and DEAE anion exchange chromatography. The recombinant ds-Diabody against FGF-2 could effectively inhibit proliferation, migration, and invasion of melanoma and glioma tumor cells stimulated by FGF-2. Furthermore, xenograft tumor model assays showed that the ds-Diabody against FGF-2 had potent antitumor activity in nude mice by inhibiting tumor growth and angiogenesis. The tumor growth inhibition rate of melanoma and glioma was about 70 and 45%, respectively. The tumor angiogenesis inhibition rate of melanoma and glioma was about 64 and 51%, respectively. The results revealed that the recombinant ds-Diabody against FGF-2 may be a promising anti-tumor drug for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Zhang
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Huang
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ligang Zhang
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangtao Gu
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qifang Song
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaxiong Cai
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangchuan Zhong
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhong
- Biomedicine Translational Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanrui Deng
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Zhu
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianfu Zhao
- Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy Research Center, Department of Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Deng
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Pagano K, Carminati L, Tomaselli S, Molinari H, Taraboletti G, Ragona L. Molecular Basis of the Antiangiogenic Action of Rosmarinic Acid, a Natural Compound Targeting Fibroblast Growth Factor-2/FGFR Interactions. Chembiochem 2021; 22:160-169. [PMID: 32975328 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF2)/fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signalling plays a major role both in physiology and in several pathologies, including cancer development, metastasis formation and resistance to therapy. The development of small molecules, acting extracellularly to target FGF2/FGFR interactions, has the advantage of limiting the adverse effects associated with current intracellular FGFR inhibitors. Herein, we discuss the ability of the natural compound rosmarinic acid (RA) to induce FGF2/FGFR complex dissociation. The molecular-level description of the FGF2/FGFR/RA system, by NMR spectroscopy and docking, clearly demonstrates that RA binds to the FGFR-D2 domain and directly competes with FGF2 for the same binding site. Direct and allosteric perturbations combine to destabilise the complex. The proposed molecular mechanism is validated by cellular studies showing that RA inhibits FGF2-induced endothelial cell proliferation and FGFR activation. Our results can serve as the basis for the development of new extracellular inhibitors of the FGF/FGFR pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katiuscia Pagano
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC) CNR, Institution, Via Corti 12, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Carminati
- Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment, Department of Oncology Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 24126, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Simona Tomaselli
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC) CNR, Institution, Via Corti 12, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Henriette Molinari
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC) CNR, Institution, Via Corti 12, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia Taraboletti
- Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment, Department of Oncology Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 24126, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Laura Ragona
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC) CNR, Institution, Via Corti 12, 20133, Milano, Italy
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