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Qu H, Zhang Y, Shi JH, Zhao YH, Gao J, Gao ZY, Shi DZ. Berberine Decreases Thrombosis Potential Induced by a High-choline Diet by Inhibiting CutC Enzyme. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:3844-3856. [PMID: 37226795 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230524142632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gut microbes influence thrombosis potential by generating trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). However, whether the antithrombotic effect of berberine is associated with TMAO generation remains unclear. OBJECTIVE The present study was designed to explore whether berberine decreases the TMAO-induced thrombosis potential and the possible mechanism underneath it. METHODS C57BL/6J female mice under a high-choline diet or standard diet were treated with/without berberine for 6 weeks. The TMAO level, carotid artery occlusion time following FeCl3 injury and platelet responsiveness were measured. The binding of berberine to the CutC enzyme was analysed with molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations were verified with enzyme activity assays. RESULTS The results showed that berberine increased the carotid artery occlusion time following FeCl3 injury and decreased the platelet hyperresponsiveness induced by a high-- choline diet, both offset by intraperitoneal injection of TMAO. The effect of berberine on thrombosis potential was associated with decreasing the generation of TMAO by inhibiting the CutC enzyme. CONCLUSION Targeting TMAO generation with berberine might be a promising therapy for ischaemic cardiac-cerebral vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Qu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Heart Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Heart Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-He Shi
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Heart Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Han Zhao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Heart Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Heart Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhu-Ye Gao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Heart Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Da-Zhuo Shi
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Heart Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
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Sella G, Tuvali O, Welt M, Volodarsky I, Jaber M, Abu Khadija H, Koren D, Haberman D, Poles L, Blatt A, Jonas M, Kracoff OH, Gandelman G, George J. Predictors of Inappropriately Rapid Coronary Lesion Progression in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Interventions. CJC Open 2023; 5:739-744. [PMID: 37876882 PMCID: PMC10591123 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) may experience rapid atherosclerotic plaque progression in nontreated vessels that is unlikely to result from natural de novo atherosclerosis. We hypothesize that intra-lesion bleeding plays a central role in this process. The aim of this study is to investigate the factors that may contribute to accelerated narrowing in coronary diameter. Methods We reviewed 65 interventional procedures and their consequent staged PCIs and mapped the coronary tree into 16 segments (as divided by the American Heart Association), grading the percentage of stenosis in each segment and spotting the rapidly progressing lesions. Demographic, procedural, and laboratory data were recorded and analyzed. Results For the lesions that progressed rapidly in the time period between angiographies, the administration of eptifibatide intra-procedurally was associated with rapid progression of coronary lesions. Moreover, an increased white blood cell count prior to the index procedure was also associated with a trend toward rapid plaque progression. Conclusions In this hypothesis-generating study, treatment with a IIb/IIIa inhibitor in the index PCI was associated with an accelerated short-term progression of some of the nontreated lesions, suggesting that this mode of anti-aggregation therapy could facilitate plaque hemorrhage and consequent acceleration of coronary atherosclerosis in eroded plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gal Sella
- Corresponding author: Dr Gal Sella, Kaplan Medical Center, Derech Pasternak 1, Rehovot, Israel.
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Capodanno D, Angiolillo DJ. Personalised antiplatelet therapies for coronary artery disease: what the future holds. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:3059-3072. [PMID: 37345589 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of death globally, and antiplatelet therapy is crucial for both its prevention and treatment. Antiplatelet drugs such as aspirin and P2Y12 inhibitors are commonly used to reduce the risk of thrombotic events, including myocardial infarction, stroke, and stent thrombosis. However, the benefits associated with the use of antiplatelet drugs also come with a risk of bleeding complications. The ever-growing understanding of the poor prognostic implications associated with bleeding has set the foundations for defining strategies that can mitigate such safety concern without any trade-off in antithrombotic protection. To this extent, personalised antiplatelet therapy has emerged as a paradigm that optimizes the balance between safety and efficacy by customizing treatment to the individual patient's needs and risk profile. Accurate risk stratification for both bleeding and thrombosis can aid in selecting the optimal antiplatelet therapy and prevent serious and life-threatening outcomes. Risk stratification has traditionally included clinical and demographic characteristics and has expanded to incorporate angiographic features and laboratory findings. The availability of bedside platelet function testing as well as rapid genotyping assays has also allowed for a more individualized selection of antiplatelet therapy. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art and future trends in personalised antiplatelet therapy for patients with CAD, with emphasis on those presenting with an acute coronary syndrome and undergoing percutaneous coronary revascularization. The aim is to provide clinicians with a comprehensive understanding of personalised antiplatelet therapy and facilitate informed clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Capodanno
- Division of Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria 'G. Rodolico - San Marco', University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 78 - 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Dominick J Angiolillo
- Division of Cardiology, University of Florida College of Medicine-Jacksonville, 655 West 8th Street, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA
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Bautista KJB, Kim J, Xu Z, Jiang X, Dayton PA. Current Status of Sub-micron Cavitation-Enhancing Agents for Sonothrombolysis. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2023; 49:1049-1057. [PMID: 36868959 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2023.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Thrombosis in cardiovascular disease is an urgent global issue, but treatment progress is limited by the risks of current antithrombotic approaches. The cavitation effect in ultrasound-mediated thrombolysis offers a promising mechanical alternative for clot lysis. Further addition of microbubble contrast agents introduces artificial cavitation nuclei that can enhance the mechanical disruption induced by ultrasound. Recent studies have proposed sub-micron particles as novel sonothrombolysis agents with increased spatial specificity, safety and stability for thrombus disruption. In this article, the applications of different sub-micron particles for sonothrombolysis are discussed. Also reviewed are in vitro and in vivo studies that apply these particles as cavitation agents and as adjuvants to thrombolytic drugs. Finally, perspectives on future developments in sub-micron agents for cavitation-enhanced sonothrombolysis are shared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathlyne Jayne B Bautista
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jinwook Kim
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Zhen Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xiaoning Jiang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Paul A Dayton
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Weber C, Bertelsmann M, Kiy Z, Stasik I, Holz FG, Liegl R. Antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy in patients with submacular hemorrhage caused by neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2022; 261:1413-1421. [PMID: 36445445 PMCID: PMC10148780 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-022-05885-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Patients with extensive submacular hemorrhage (SMH) caused by age-related macular degeneration (AMD) have a poor visual prognosis despite surgical intervention. Systemic blood-thinning drugs, which are commonly prescribed in the same age group, are known to increase the risk of severe hemorrhage in many parts of the body. This study aimed to investigate whether systemic blood-thinning drugs have an impact on the severity of SMH and if there are differences between the different types of blood-thinning medication.
Methods
We reviewed the medical records of patients who suffered from surgically treated SMH between 2020 and 2022. All patients received a full ophthalmologic examination upon presentation including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography. Other characteristics that were recorded included size of hemorrhage, blood-thinning therapy, and reason for intake.
Results
A total of 115 patients with a mean age of 82 years were included in this retrospective analysis. Eighty-three patients (72.2%) were on blood-thinning therapy. The mean size of SMH was 32.01 mm2. Mean BCVA at initial presentation was 1.63 logMAR and 1.59 logMAR 1 year after surgery. The size of SMH was significantly larger in patients on blood-thinning medication (35.92 mm2 vs. 21.91 mm2) (p = 0.001) and their BCVA postoperatively was worse with 1.68 logMAR compared to 1.30 logMAR after 1 year (p = 0.503). Patients with vitamin K antagonists had larger SMH size and worse outcomes regarding BCVA compared to direct oral anticoagulants.
Conclusion
Blood thinners in patients with AMD affect the severity of SMH. Consequently, the indication for their intake should be critically evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constance Weber
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Ernst-Abbe-Str. 2, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Maria Bertelsmann
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Zoe Kiy
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Ernst-Abbe-Str. 2, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Isabel Stasik
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Ernst-Abbe-Str. 2, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank G Holz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Ernst-Abbe-Str. 2, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Raffael Liegl
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Ernst-Abbe-Str. 2, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
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Liu L, Li L, Yuan J, Liu W, Li Y, Zhang S, Huang C. Several Non-salt and Solid Thienopyridine Derivatives as Oral P2Y 12 Receptor Inhibitors with Good Stability. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 75:128969. [PMID: 36058469 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel thienopyridine derivatives were designed and synthesized as P2Y12 receptor inhibitors. Several solid compounds were assessed for inhibitory effect where they exhibited stronger potency than clopidogrel. Compound 6b and 6g were evaluated for metabolism to verify that they could overcome clopidogrel resistance and for toxicity where they showed lower toxicity than prasugrel. Compound 6b exhibited lower risk of bleeding than prasugrel and showed good stability under stress testing. Overall, as a promising antiplatelet agent, representative compound 6b showed the following advantages: (1) no drug resistance for CYP2C19 poor metabolizers; (2) higher potency than clopidogrel; (3) lower toxicity than prasugrel; (4) lower risk of bleeding than prasugrel; (5) good stability as a non-salt solid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, 306 Huiren Road, Tianjin 300301, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, 306 Huiren Road, Tianjin 300301, PR China
| | - Lingjun Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, 306 Huiren Road, Tianjin 300301, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, 306 Huiren Road, Tianjin 300301, PR China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, 306 Huiren Road, Tianjin 300301, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, 306 Huiren Road, Tianjin 300301, PR China
| | - Wei Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, 306 Huiren Road, Tianjin 300301, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, 306 Huiren Road, Tianjin 300301, PR China
| | - Yuquan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, 306 Huiren Road, Tianjin 300301, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, 306 Huiren Road, Tianjin 300301, PR China
| | - Shijun Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, 306 Huiren Road, Tianjin 300301, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, 306 Huiren Road, Tianjin 300301, PR China
| | - Changjiang Huang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, 306 Huiren Road, Tianjin 300301, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, 306 Huiren Road, Tianjin 300301, PR China.
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Abro S, Bikeyeva V, Naqvi WA, Anigbo CL, Tariq F, Hussain Rafay R, Umar MF, Singh R. Clopidogrel-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e28394. [PMID: 36171842 PMCID: PMC9508896 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Clopidogrel is an antithrombotic agent widely used for the secondary prevention of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular complications. Clopidogrel can cause serious adverse events, including gastrointestinal bleeding. Pulmonary complications caused by clopidogrel are not widely described, and clopidogrel-induced interstitial lung disease (ILD) is rare. Here, we report a case of drug-induced ILD in a patient who presented with dyspnea, chest pain, and mild fever. The patient underwent percutaneous coronary intervention two months ago and was commenced on clopidogrel. He was diagnosed with clopidogrel-induced ILD based on clinical and imaging findings, history of drug exposure without any change, exclusion of other respiratory disorders, and clinical improvement after discontinuation of clopidogrel and steroid use.
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8
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Wang X, Zhu Q, Wu Y, Li H, Deng X, Cheng J, Zhang Z, Ma Y, Shi T. Effect of body weight on bleeding events of aspirin in ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack patients. J Clin Pharm Ther 2022; 47:1684-1689. [PMID: 35748660 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.13722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVES Bleeding is the most common adverse reaction to aspirin and can lead to drug discontinuation or even be life-threatening in the secondary prevention of stroke or transient ischemic attack. The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors for bleeding adverse reaction of aspirin in ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. METHODS This retrospective analysis included patients treated with aspirin (100 mg) as a secondary prevention for ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. The bleeding events that occurred during the first year were collected, including gastrointestinal, skin, nasal cavity, gum, and urinary tract bleeding events. Then, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent factors associated with bleeding events of aspirin. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION A total of 578 patients were enrolled in this study, and 58 patients developed bleeding during the first year of secondary prevention. Body weight and combination with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors were found to be significant risk factors for overall bleeding (p = 0.025 and 0.012). Body weight below 60 kg was a risk factor for overall bleeding and gastrointestinal bleeding events. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION Patients weighing less than 60 kg were at increased risk of bleeding with 100 mg aspirin for secondary prevention of cerebral infarction transient ischemic attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Qidong Zhu
- Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Huiting Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaomei Deng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Juan Cheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Zhetao Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yini Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Tianlu Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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An J, Lee SH, Chang B. Clopidogrel-Induced Interstitial Lung Disease: A Case Report. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2021; 17:711-715. [PMID: 34285493 PMCID: PMC8285274 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s319077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients, with cerebral infarction resulting from intracranial arterial stenosis, the combined administration of clopidogrel and aspirin may be needed for to prevent subsequent ischemic attacks. Clopidogrel has an inevitable adverse effect profile, and the most common complications are related to hemorrhagic propensity. A 79-year-old female patient had used aspirin (100 mg/day) for cerebral infarction and then a dual antiplatelet regimen of aspirin and clopidogrel (75 mg/day) because of severe stenosis in both anterior cerebral arteries. Two weeks later, the patient presented with dyspnea started 3 days ago, which had worsened in the last 24 hours. Chest computed tomography on admission showed symmetric peribronchial ground-glass opacity with reticulation in both lungs. Microorganism tests, including serology and bronchoalveolar lavage for infection, were all negative. Clopidogrel was withdrawn because of suspected clopidogrel-induced interstitial lung disease, and steroid treatment was initiated. Clinical signs and chest radiographs improved after steroid treatment, and she was discharged on day 21 of admission. This case report shows that clopidogrel can induce interstitial lung disease as a rare complication and underscores the importance of recognizing this adverse effect in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin An
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stroke and Neurological Disorder Center, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Boksoon Chang
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Chen S, Li X, Wu J, Li J, Xiao M, Yang Y, Liu Z, Cheng Y. Plumula Nelumbinis: A review of traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and safety. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 266:113429. [PMID: 33011369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Plumula Nelumbinis, the green embryo of the mature seeds of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn, has a medical history of over 400 years. It is widely used for clearing the heart and heat, calming the mind, and promoting astringent essence and hemostasis in traditional Chinese medicine. Moreover, it usually dual use as food and medicine. This review aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of Plumula Nelumbinis by summarizing its botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and safety. METHODS This review summarized published studies on Plumula Nelumbinis in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and literature databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Baidu Scholar, Wiley and China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database (CNKI), and limits the different research articles in botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and safety about Plumula Nelumbinis. RESULTS Plumula Nelumbinis is used to treat hypertension, arrhythmia, severe aplastic anemia, insomnia, encephalopathy and gynecological disease in traditional Chinese medicine and clinical studies. More than 130 chemicals have been isolated and identified from Plumula Nelumbinis, including alkaloids, flavonoids, polysaccharides and volatile oil. In addition, pharmacological effects, such as protective effects against cardiovascular diseases, neurological diseases, lung and kidney injury, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities, were also evaluated by in vitro and in vivo studies. Moreover, the potential signaling pathways regulated by Plumula Nelumbinis in cardiovascular and neurological diseases and perspectives on Plumula Nelumbinis research were discussed. CONCLUSION Plumula Nelumbinis, a commonly used Chinese medicine, has a variety of traditional and modern therapeutic uses. Some traditional uses, especially the treatment of cardiovascular and neurological diseases, have been verified by pharmacological investigation. However, the pharmacological molecular mechanisms, pharmacokinetics and toxicology of Plumula Nelumbinis are still incomplete. In the future, a series of systematic studies on active compounds identification, pharmacological mechanism clarification, quality and safety evaluation are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixuan Chen
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Xuping Li
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Junxuan Wu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Jingyan Li
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Mingzhu Xiao
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Yuanyuan Cheng
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
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11
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Toyoda K, Yamagami H, Kitagawa K, Kitazono T, Nagao T, Minematsu K, Uchiyama S, Tanahashi N, Matsumoto M, Nagata I, Nishikawa M, Nanto S, Shirai T, Abe K, Ikeda Y, Ogawa A. Blood Pressure Level and Variability During Long-Term Prasugrel or Clopidogrel Medication After Stroke: PRASTRO-I. Stroke 2021; 52:1234-1243. [PMID: 33563017 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.032824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE High blood pressure increases bleeding risk during treatment with antithrombotic medication. The association between blood pressure levels and the risk of recurrent stroke during long-term secondary stroke prevention with thienopyridines (particularly prasugrel) has not been well studied. METHODS This was a post hoc analysis of the randomized, double-blind, multicenter PRASTRO-I trial (Comparison of Prasugrel and Clopidogrel in Japanese Patients With Ischemic Stroke-I). Patients with noncardioembolic stroke were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive prasugrel 3.75 mg/day or clopidogrel 75 mg/day for 96 to 104 weeks. Risks of any ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, combined ischemic events, and combined bleeding events were determined based on the mean level and visit-to-visit variability, including successive variation, of systolic blood pressure (SBP) throughout the observational period. These risks were also compared between quartiles of mean SBP level and successive variation of SBP. RESULTS A total of 3747 patients (age 62.1±8.5 years, 797 women), with a median average SBP level during the observational period of 132.5 mm Hg, were studied. All the risks of any stroke (146 events; hazard ratio, 1.318 [95% CI, 1.094-1.583] per 10-mm Hg increase), ischemic stroke (133 events, 1.219 [1.010-1.466]), hemorrhagic stroke (13 events, 3.247 [1.660-6.296]), ischemic events (142 events, 1.219 [1.020-1.466]), and bleeding events (47 events, 1.629 [1.172-2.261]) correlated with increasing mean SBP overall. Similarly, an increased risk of these events correlated with increasing successive variation of SBP (hazard ratio, 3.078 [95% CI, 2.220-4.225] per 10-mm Hg increase; 3.051 [2.179-4.262]; 3.276 [1.172-9.092]; 2.865 [2.042-4.011]; 2.764 [1.524-5.016], respectively). Event rates did not differ between the clopidogrel and prasugrel groups within each quartile of SBP or successive variation of SBP. CONCLUSIONS Both high mean SBP level and high visit-to-visit variability in SBP were significantly associated with the risk of recurrent stroke during long-term medication with either prasugrel or clopidogrel after stroke. Control of hypertension would be important regardless of the type of antiplatelet drugs. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.jp; Unique identifier: JapicCTI-111582.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Toyoda
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan (K.T., K.M.)
| | - Hiroshi Yamagami
- Department of Stroke Neurology, Osaka National Hospital, Japan (H.Y.)
| | - Kazuo Kitagawa
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Japan (K.K.)
| | - Takanari Kitazono
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan (T.K.)
| | - Takehiko Nagao
- Department of Neurology, Nippon Medical School Tama-Nagayama Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (T.N.)
| | - Kazuo Minematsu
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan (K.T., K.M.)
| | - Shinichiro Uchiyama
- International University of Health and Welfare, Center for Brain and Cerebral Vessels, Sanno Hospital and Sanno Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan (S.U.)
| | - Norio Tanahashi
- Department of Neurology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Japan (N.T.)
| | | | - Izumi Nagata
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kokura Memorial Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan (I.N.)
| | | | - Shinsuke Nanto
- Nishinomiya Municipal Central Hospital, Hyogo, Japan (S.N.)
| | - Toshiaki Shirai
- Clinical Development Department (T.S.), R&D Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Abe
- Biostatistics & Data Management Department (K.A.), R&D Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ikeda
- Waseda University Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo, Japan (Y.I.)
| | - Akira Ogawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Iwate Medical University, Japan (A.O.)
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12
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Jeanne A, Sarazin T, Charlé M, Kawecki C, Kauskot A, Hedtke T, Schmelzer CEH, Martiny L, Maurice P, Dedieu S. Towards the Therapeutic Use of Thrombospondin 1/CD47 Targeting TAX2 Peptide as an Antithrombotic Agent. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:e1-e17. [PMID: 33232198 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE TSP-1 (thrombospondin 1) is one of the most expressed proteins in platelet α-granules and plays an important role in the regulation of hemostasis and thrombosis. Interaction of released TSP-1 with CD47 membrane receptor has been shown to regulate major events leading to thrombus formation, such as, platelet adhesion to vascular endothelium, nitric oxide/cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate) signaling, platelet activation as well as aggregation. Therefore, targeting TSP-1:CD47 axis may represent a promising antithrombotic strategy. Approach and Results: A CD47-derived cyclic peptide was engineered, namely TAX2, that targets TSP-1 and selectively prevents TSP-1:CD47 interaction. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that TAX2 peptide strongly decreases platelet aggregation and interaction with collagen under arterial shear conditions. TAX2 also delays time for complete thrombotic occlusion in 2 mouse models of arterial thrombosis following chemical injury, while Thbs1-/- mice recapitulate TAX2 effects. Importantly, TAX2 administration is not associated with increased bleeding risk or modification of hematologic parameters. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this study sheds light on the major contribution of TSP-1:CD47 interaction in platelet activation and thrombus formation while putting forward TAX2 as an innovative antithrombotic agent with high added-value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albin Jeanne
- UMR CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne (URCA), UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Reims, France (A.J., T.S., M.C., C.K., L.M., P.M., S.D.)
- SATT Nord, Lille, France (A.J.)
- Apmonia Therapeutics, Reims, France (A.J., S.D.)
| | - Thomas Sarazin
- UMR CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne (URCA), UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Reims, France (A.J., T.S., M.C., C.K., L.M., P.M., S.D.)
| | - Magalie Charlé
- UMR CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne (URCA), UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Reims, France (A.J., T.S., M.C., C.K., L.M., P.M., S.D.)
| | - Charlotte Kawecki
- UMR CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne (URCA), UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Reims, France (A.J., T.S., M.C., C.K., L.M., P.M., S.D.)
| | - Alexandre Kauskot
- HITh, UMR_S 1176, INSERM Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, France (A.K.)
| | - Tobias Hedtke
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS, Halle (Saale), Germany (T.H., C.E.H.S.)
| | - Christian E H Schmelzer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS, Halle (Saale), Germany (T.H., C.E.H.S.)
| | - Laurent Martiny
- UMR CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne (URCA), UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Reims, France (A.J., T.S., M.C., C.K., L.M., P.M., S.D.)
| | - Pascal Maurice
- UMR CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne (URCA), UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Reims, France (A.J., T.S., M.C., C.K., L.M., P.M., S.D.)
| | - Stéphane Dedieu
- UMR CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne (URCA), UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Reims, France (A.J., T.S., M.C., C.K., L.M., P.M., S.D.)
- Apmonia Therapeutics, Reims, France (A.J., S.D.)
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13
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Wang AK, Geng T, Jiang W, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Chen PD, Shan MQ, Zhang M, Tang YP, Ding AW, Zhang L. Simultaneous determination of twelve quinones from Rubiae radix et Rhizoma before and after carbonization processing by UPLC-MS/MS and their antithrombotic effect on zebrafish. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 191:113638. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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14
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Zhao Y, Lai R, Zhang Y, Shi D. The Prognostic Value of Reticulated Platelets in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:578041. [PMID: 33195464 PMCID: PMC7644708 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.578041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Reticulated platelets (RPs) represent the young population in the circulating platelet pool, indicating platelet turnover. Preliminary studies suggested circulating levels of RPs were associated with cardiovascular events (CVEs) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: This study systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science for eligible studies which reported RPs as a prognostic factor and the incidence of CVEs in patients with CAD. The risk estimates and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were analyzed for adjusted and unadjusted associations separately using random-effects model. Meta-regression and subgroup analysis were used to identify the source of heterogeneity. Funnel plots, Egger's test, and trim and fill methods were used to assess the publication bias. Results: A total of six cohort studies were included in this meta-analysis. Four studies were rated as high quality with the remaining rated as moderate quality. The funnel plot, Egger's test, and trim and fill method suggested the presence of publication bias. The pooled results indicated elevated RPs were associated with a higher risk of composite CVEs [risk ratio (RR), 2.26; 95% CI, 1.72–2.98, with little heterogeneity] and cardiovascular death (RR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.66–3.28, with little heterogeneity). Based on results of separate meta-analysis, we found RPs might be a good predictor for revascularization but not for myocardial infarction or cerebrovascular events. After adjustment of conventional prognostic factors, the pooled result still suggested the prognostic value of RPs for composite CVEs (RR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.30–3.08; p < 0.00001, with substantial heterogeneity). Subgroup analysis and meta-regression of adjusted risk estimates revealed that the number of adjustment factors might be the source heterogeneity. Conclusion: Circulating level of RPs might be a useful prognostic marker for CVEs in patients with CAD, even after adjustment of other prognostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Zhao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Cardiovascular Diseases Center, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Runmin Lai
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Cardiovascular Diseases Center, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Cardiovascular Diseases Center, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Zhang
| | - Dazhuo Shi
- Cardiovascular Diseases Center, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Dazhuo Shi
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15
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Perrone MG, Miciaccia M, Vitale P, Ferorelli S, Araújo CDCB, de Almeida GS, Souza Domingos TF, da Silva LCRP, de Pádula M, Cabral LM, Sathler PC, Bonaccorso C, Fortuna CG, Scilimati A. An attempt to chemically state the cross-talk between monomers of COX homodimers by double/hybrid inhibitors mofezolac-spacer-mofezolac and mofezolac-spacer-arachidonic acid. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 209:112919. [PMID: 33129592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) account for over 17 million death globally each year, including arterial thrombosis. Platelets are key components in the pathogenesis of this disease and modulating their activity is an effective strategy to treat such thrombotic events. Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) isoenzyme is involved in platelet activation and is the main target of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and new selective inhibitor research. Inhibitors of general formula mofezolac-spacer-mofezolac (mof-spacer-mof) and mofezolac-spacer-arachidonic acid (mof-spacer-AA) were projected to investigate the possible cross-talk between the two monomers (Eallo and Ecat) forming the COX-1 homodimer. Mofezolac was chosen as either one or two moieties of these molecules being the known most potent and selective COX-1 inhibitor and administrated to humans as Disopain™, then arachidonic acid (AA) was used to develop molecules bearing, in the same compound, in addition to the inhibitor moiety (mofezolac) also the natural COX substrate. Depending on the nature of the spacer, COX-1 and COX-2 activity was differently inhibited by mof-spacer-mof set with a preferential COX-1 inhibition. The highest COX-1 selectivity was exhibited by the compound in which the spacer was the benzidine [N,N'-(biphenyl-4,4'-di-yl)bis (2-[3,4-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)isoxazol-5-yl]acetamide) (15): COX-1 IC50 = 0.08 μM, COX-2 IC50 > 50 μM, Selectivity Index (SI) > 625]. In the case of mof-spacer-AA set, the COX inhibitory potency and also the isoform preference changed. (5Z, 8Z, 11Z, 14Z)-N-(4-{2-[3,4-Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)isoxazol-5-yl]acetamido}butyl)icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenamide (19) and (5Z, 8Z, 11Z, 14Z)-N-(4'-{2-[3,4-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)isoxazol-5-yl]acetamido}-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenamide (21), in which the spacer is the 1,2-diaminobutane or benzidine, respectively, selectively inhibited the COX-2, whereas when the spacer is the 1,4-phenylendiamine [(5Z, 8Z, 11Z, 14Z)-N-(4-{2-[3,4-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)isoxazol-5-yl]acetamido}phenyl)icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenamide) (20) the COX preference is COX-1 (COX-1 IC50 = 0.05 μM, COX-2 IC50 > 50 μM, with a COX-1 selectivity > 1000). Molecular modelling by using FLAP algorithm shows fundamental interactions of the novel compounds at the entry channel of COX and inside its catalytic cavity. The effect of these mof-spacer-mof and mof-spacer-AA in inhibiting in vitro free arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation was also determined. A positive profile of hemocompatibility in relation to their influence on the blood coagulation cascade and erythrocyte toxicity was observed. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity safety were also found for these two novel sets of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Perrone
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Morena Miciaccia
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Vitale
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Savina Ferorelli
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Cristina da Costa Bernardes Araújo
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Center of Health Sciences, Carlos Chagas Filho Avenue, 373, 21941599, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Silva de Almeida
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Center of Health Sciences, Carlos Chagas Filho Avenue, 373, 21941599, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thaisa Francielle Souza Domingos
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Center of Health Sciences, Carlos Chagas Filho Avenue, 373, 21941599, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo de Pádula
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Center of Health Sciences, Carlos Chagas Filho Avenue, 373, 21941599, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucio Mendes Cabral
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Center of Health Sciences, Carlos Chagas Filho Avenue, 373, 21941599, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Plínio Cunha Sathler
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Center of Health Sciences, Carlos Chagas Filho Avenue, 373, 21941599, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carmela Bonaccorso
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Cosimo G Fortuna
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Scilimati
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
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16
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Seo H, Lee BA, Lim H, Yoon JH, Kim YT. The socioeconomic impact of Korean dental health insurance policy on the elderly: a nationwide cohort study in South Korea. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2019; 49:248-257. [PMID: 31485375 PMCID: PMC6713804 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2019.49.4.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the relationships of types of dental insurance coverage in Korea with sociodemographic characteristics and the prevalence of systemic and oral diseases, as well as to evaluate the socioeconomic impact of Korean dental insurance policies. Methods Sample cohort data from 2006 to 2015 were obtained from the National Health Insurance Service. Patients were divided into 2 groups. The exposed group comprised patients who received insurance benefits for complete dentures, removable partial dentures, and implant care, while the control group comprised patients who did not receive these benefits. The type of insurance coverage and the prevalence of systemic and oral diseases were compared between the 2 groups. Results Patients who received benefits in the form of complete dentures, removable partial dentures, and implants had similar sociodemographic characteristics in terms of sex, age, income quintile, and type of insurance coverage to the control group. The prevalence of hypertension, anemia, renal disease, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, asthma, and cerebral infarction was higher in the exposed group than in the control group (P<0.05). The prevalence of periodontal diseases and dental caries was also higher in the exposed group. Conclusions Korean dental health insurance policy has been beneficial for the medical expenses of low-income and elderly people suffering from a cost burden due to systemic diseases. However, since there is a tendency to avoid invasive interventions in older patients due to the high risk of systemic diseases, insurance coverage of dentures may be more helpful from a socioeconomic perspective than coverage of dental implant treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyewon Seo
- Departement of Periodontology, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Bo-Ah Lee
- Departement of Periodontology, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hyunsun Lim
- Research and Analysis Team, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Joon-Ho Yoon
- Department of Prosthodontics, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Young-Taek Kim
- Departement of Periodontology, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
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17
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Unsworth AJ, Flora GD, Gibbins JM. Non-genomic effects of nuclear receptors: insights from the anucleate platelet. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 114:645-655. [PMID: 29452349 PMCID: PMC5915957 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors (NRs) have the ability to elicit two different kinds of responses, genomic and non-genomic. Although genomic responses control gene expression by influencing the rate of transcription, non-genomic effects occur rapidly and independently of transcriptional regulation. Due to their anucleate nature and mechanistically well-characterized and rapid responses, platelets provide a model system for the study of any non-genomic effects of the NRs. Several NRs have been found to be present in human platelets, and multiple NR agonists have been shown to elicit anti-platelet effects by a variety of mechanisms. The non-genomic functions of NRs vary, including the regulation of kinase and phosphatase activity, ion channel function, intracellular calcium levels, and production of second messengers. Recently, the characterization of mechanisms and identification of novel binding partners of NRs have further strengthened the prospects of developing their ligands into potential therapeutics that offer cardio-protective properties in addition to their other defined genomic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Unsworth
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Harborne Building, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AS, Berkshire, UK
| | - Gagan D Flora
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Harborne Building, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AS, Berkshire, UK
| | - Jonathan M Gibbins
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Harborne Building, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AS, Berkshire, UK
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18
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Of mice and men: genes relevant to thrombosis and bleeding. Blood 2018; 132:2532-2534. [PMID: 30545893 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-10-879700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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