1
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Santana Filho PC, Brasil da Silva M, Malaquias da Silva BN, Fazolo T, Dorneles GP, Braun de Azeredo J, Alf da Rosa M, Rodrigues Júnior LC, Peres A, Santos Canto RF, Torres Romão PR. Seleno-indoles trigger reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dysfunction in Leishmania amazonensis. Tetrahedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2023.133329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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2
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Bazin MA, Cojean S, Pagniez F, Bernadat G, Cavé C, Ourliac-Garnier I, Nourrisson MR, Morgado C, Picot C, Leclercq O, Baratte B, Robert T, Späth GF, Rachidi N, Bach S, Loiseau PM, Le Pape P, Marchand P. In vitro identification of imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-based antileishmanial agents and evaluation of L. major casein kinase 1 inhibition. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 210:112956. [PMID: 33148491 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis constitutes a severe public health problem, with an estimated prevalence of 12 million cases. This potentially fatal disease has a worldwide distribution and in 2012, the fatal Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) was declared as new emerging disease in Europe, mainly due to global warming, with expected important public health impact. The available treatments are toxic, costly or lead to parasite resistance, thus there is an urgent need for new drugs with new mechanism of action. Previously, we reported the discovery of CTN1122, a potent imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine-based antileishmanial hit compound targeting L-CK1.2 at low micromolar ranges. Here, we described structurally related, safe and selective compounds endowed with antiparasitic properties, better than miltefosine, the reference therapy by oral route. L-CK1.2 homology model gave the first structural explanations of the role of 4-pyridyl (CTN1122) and 2-aminopyrimidin-4-yl (compound 21) moieties, at the position 3 of the central core, in the low micromolar to nanomolar L-CK1.2 inhibition, whereas N-methylpyrazole derivative 11 remained inactive against the parasite kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc-Antoine Bazin
- Université de Nantes, Cibles et Médicaments des Infections et du Cancer, IICiMed, EA 1155, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Sandrine Cojean
- BioCIS Biomolécules: Conception, Isolement, Synthèse, Chimiothérapie Antiparasitaire, UMR CNRS 8076, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, F-92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Fabrice Pagniez
- Université de Nantes, Cibles et Médicaments des Infections et du Cancer, IICiMed, EA 1155, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Guillaume Bernadat
- BioCIS Biomolécules: Conception, Isolement, Synthèse, Chimiothérapie Antiparasitaire, UMR CNRS 8076, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, F-92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Christian Cavé
- BioCIS Biomolécules: Conception, Isolement, Synthèse, Chimiothérapie Antiparasitaire, UMR CNRS 8076, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, F-92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Isabelle Ourliac-Garnier
- Université de Nantes, Cibles et Médicaments des Infections et du Cancer, IICiMed, EA 1155, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Marie-Renée Nourrisson
- Université de Nantes, Cibles et Médicaments des Infections et du Cancer, IICiMed, EA 1155, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Cathy Morgado
- Université de Nantes, Cibles et Médicaments des Infections et du Cancer, IICiMed, EA 1155, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Carine Picot
- Université de Nantes, Cibles et Médicaments des Infections et du Cancer, IICiMed, EA 1155, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Olivier Leclercq
- Institut Pasteur and Institut National de Santé et Recherche Médicale INSERM U1201, Unité de Parasitologie Moléculaire et Signalisation, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Blandine Baratte
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models Laboratory (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff, F-29680, Roscoff, France; Sorbonne Université, CNRS, FR2424, Kinase Inhibitor Specialized Screening Facility - KISSf, Station Biologique, F-29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Thomas Robert
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models Laboratory (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff, F-29680, Roscoff, France; Sorbonne Université, CNRS, FR2424, Kinase Inhibitor Specialized Screening Facility - KISSf, Station Biologique, F-29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Gérald F Späth
- Institut Pasteur and Institut National de Santé et Recherche Médicale INSERM U1201, Unité de Parasitologie Moléculaire et Signalisation, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Najma Rachidi
- Institut Pasteur and Institut National de Santé et Recherche Médicale INSERM U1201, Unité de Parasitologie Moléculaire et Signalisation, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Bach
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models Laboratory (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff, F-29680, Roscoff, France; Sorbonne Université, CNRS, FR2424, Kinase Inhibitor Specialized Screening Facility - KISSf, Station Biologique, F-29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Philippe M Loiseau
- BioCIS Biomolécules: Conception, Isolement, Synthèse, Chimiothérapie Antiparasitaire, UMR CNRS 8076, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, F-92296, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Patrice Le Pape
- Université de Nantes, Cibles et Médicaments des Infections et du Cancer, IICiMed, EA 1155, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Pascal Marchand
- Université de Nantes, Cibles et Médicaments des Infections et du Cancer, IICiMed, EA 1155, F-44000, Nantes, France.
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3
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Kanwal, Mungroo MR, Anwar A, Ali F, Khan S, Abdullah MA, Siddiqui R, Khan KM, Khan NA. Synthetic nanoparticle-conjugated bisindoles and hydrazinyl arylthiazole as novel antiamoebic agents against brain-eating amoebae. Exp Parasitol 2020; 218:107979. [PMID: 32866583 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2020.107979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Balamuthia mandrillaris and Naegleria fowleri are free-living amoebae that can cause life-threatening infections involving the central nervous system. The high mortality rates of these infections demonstrate an urgent need for novel treatment options against the amoebae. Considering that indole and thiazole compounds possess wide range of antiparasitic properties, novel bisindole and thiazole derivatives were synthesized and evaluated against the amoebae. The antiamoebic properties of four synthetic compounds i.e., two new bisindoles (2-Bromo-4-(di (1H-indol-3-yl)methyl)phenol (denoted as A1) and 2-Bromo-4-(di (1H-indol-3-yl)methyl)-6-methoxyphenol (A2)) and two known thiazole (4-(3-Nitrophenyl)-2-(2-(pyridin-3-ylmethylene)hydrazinyl)thiazole (A3) and 4-(Biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(2-(1-(pyridin-4-yl)ethylidene)hydrazinyl)thiazole (A4)) were evaluated against B. mandrillaris and N. fowleri. The ability of silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) conjugation to enrich antiamoebic activities of the compounds was also investigated. The synthetic heterocyclic compounds demonstrated up to 53% and 69% antiamoebic activities against B. mandrillaris and N. fowleri respectively, while resulting in up to 57% and 68% amoebistatic activities, respectively. Antiamoebic activities of the compounds were enhanced by up to 71% and 51% against B. mandrillaris and N. fowleri respectively, after conjugation with AgNPs. These compounds exhibited potential antiamoebic effects against B. mandrillaris and N. fowleri and conjugation of synthetic heterocyclic compounds with AgNPs enhanced their activity against the amoebae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanwal
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, 21030, Malaysia; H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Ridwane Mungroo
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Ayaz Anwar
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Farman Ali
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Simal Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, 21030, Malaysia
| | - Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khalid Mohammed Khan
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Naveed Ahmed Khan
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 26666, United Arab Emirates.
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4
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Braga SS. Multi-target drugs active against leishmaniasis: A paradigm of drug repurposing. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 183:111660. [PMID: 31514064 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This mini-review focuses on leishmanicidal drugs that were sourced from small molecules previously approved for other diseases. The mechanisms of action of these molecules are herein explored, to probe the origins of their inter-species growth inhibitory activities. It is shown how the transversal action of the azoles - fluconazole, posaconazole and itraconazole - in both fungi and Leishmania is due to the occurrence of the same target, lanosterol 14-α-demethylase, in these two groups of species. In turn, the drugs miltefosine and amphotericin B are presented as truly multi-target agents, acting on small molecules, proteins, genes and even organelles. Steps towards future leishmanicidal drug candidates based on the multi-target strategy and on drug repurposing are also briefly presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Santos Braga
- QOPNA & LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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5
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Souto EB, Dias-Ferreira J, Craveiro SA, Severino P, Sanchez-Lopez E, Garcia ML, Silva AM, Souto SB, Mahant S. Therapeutic Interventions for Countering Leishmaniasis and Chagas's Disease: From Traditional Sources to Nanotechnological Systems. Pathogens 2019; 8:pathogens8030119. [PMID: 31374930 PMCID: PMC6789685 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens8030119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of neglected diseases in tropical countries, such as Leishmaniasis and Chagas's disease, is attributed to a set of biological and ecological factors associated with the socioeconomic context of developing countries and with a significant burden to health care systems. Both Leishmaniasis and Chagas's disease are caused by different protozoa and develop diverse symptoms, which depend on the specific species infecting man. Currently available drugs to treat these disorders have limited therapeutic outcomes, frequently due to microorganisms' drug resistance. In recent years, significant efforts have been made towards the development of innovative drug delivery systems aiming to improve bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profiles of classical drug therapy. This paper discusses the key facts of Leishmaniasis and Chagas's disease, the currently available pharmacological therapies and the new drug delivery systems for conventional drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana B Souto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
| | - João Dias-Ferreira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sara A Craveiro
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, Paranhos, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Severino
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine (LNMED), Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil
- University of Tiradentes (UNIT), Industrial Biotechnology Program, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, Aracaju 49032-490, Brazil
| | - Elena Sanchez-Lopez
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria L Garcia
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amélia M Silva
- Departamento de Biologia e Ambiente, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), P.O. Box 1013; 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação e de Tecnologias Agro-Ambientais e Biológicas (CITAB-UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Selma B Souto
- Department of Endocrinology of Braga Hospital, Sete Fontes, 4710-243 São Victor, Braga, Portugal
| | - Sheefali Mahant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
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6
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Insights into the current status of privileged N-heterocycles as antileishmanial agents. Mol Divers 2019; 24:525-569. [DOI: 10.1007/s11030-019-09953-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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7
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Tonelli M, Gabriele E, Piazza F, Basilico N, Parapini S, Tasso B, Loddo R, Sparatore F, Sparatore A. Benzimidazole derivatives endowed with potent antileishmanial activity. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:210-226. [PMID: 29233048 PMCID: PMC7011974 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2017.1410480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Two sets of benzimidazole derivatives were synthesised and tested in vitro for activity against promastigotes of Leishmania tropica and L. infantum. Most of the tested compounds resulted active against both Leishmania species, with IC50 values in the low micromolar/sub-micromolar range. Among the set of 2-(long chain)alkyl benzimidazoles, whose heterocyclic head was quaternised, compound 8 resulted about 100-/200-fold more potent than miltefosine, even if the selectivity index (SI) versus HMEC-1 cells was only moderately improved. In the set of 2-benzyl and 2-phenyl benzimidazoles, bearing a basic side chain in position 1, compound 28 (2-(4-chlorobenzyl)-1-lupinyl-5-trifluoromethylbenzimidazole) was 12-/7-fold more potent than miltefosine, but exhibited a further improved SI. Therefore, compounds 8 and 28 represent interesting hit compounds, susceptible of structural modification to improve their safety profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Tonelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Elena Gabriele
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Piazza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Basilico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Parapini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Bruno Tasso
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Roberta Loddo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Fabio Sparatore
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Anna Sparatore
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
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8
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Peralta MF, Guzmán ML, Pérez AP, Apezteguia GA, Fórmica ML, Romero EL, Olivera ME, Carrer DC. Liposomes can both enhance or reduce drugs penetration through the skin. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13253. [PMID: 30185887 PMCID: PMC6125578 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31693-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The adequate formulation of topical vehicles to treat skin diseases is particularly complex. A desirable formulation should enhance the accumulation of the active drugs in the target tissue (the skin), while avoiding the penetration enhancement to be so large that the drugs reach the systemic circulation in toxic amounts. We have evaluated the transcutaneous penetration of three drugs chosen for their widely variable physicochemical properties: Amphotericin B, Imiquimod and Indole. We incorporated the drugs in fluid or ultra-flexible liposomes. Ultra-flexible liposomes produced enhancement of drug penetration into/through human skin in all cases in comparison with fluid liposomes without detergent, regardless of drug molecular weight. At the same time, our results indicate that liposomes can impede the transcutaneous penetration of molecules, in particular small ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma F Peralta
- Instituto de Investigación Médica M y M Ferreyra - CONICET- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ma L Guzmán
- UNITEFA - CONICET, Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, School of Chemistry, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - A P Pérez
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Nanomedicinas (CIDeN)- Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina
| | - G A Apezteguia
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Nanomedicinas (CIDeN)- Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina
| | - Ma L Fórmica
- UNITEFA - CONICET, Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, School of Chemistry, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - E L Romero
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Nanomedicinas (CIDeN)- Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina
| | - Ma E Olivera
- UNITEFA - CONICET, Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, School of Chemistry, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - D C Carrer
- Instituto de Investigación Médica M y M Ferreyra - CONICET- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
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9
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De Luca L, Ferro S, Buemi MR, Monforte AM, Gitto R, Schirmeister T, Maes L, Rescifina A, Micale N. Discovery of benzimidazole-based Leishmania mexicana cysteine protease CPB2.8ΔCTE inhibitors as potential therapeutics for leishmaniasis. Chem Biol Drug Des 2018; 92:1585-1596. [PMID: 29729080 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is currently the only effective approach to treat all forms of leishmaniasis. However, its effectiveness is severely limited due to high toxicity, long treatment length, drug resistance, or inadequate mode of administration. As a consequence, there is a need to identify new molecular scaffolds and targets as potential therapeutics for the treatment of this disease. We report a small series of 1,2-substituted-1H-benzo[d]imidazole derivatives (9a-d) showing affinity in the submicromolar range (Ki = 0.15-0.69 μM) toward Leishmania mexicanaCPB2.8ΔCTE, one of the more promising targets for antileishmanial drug design. The compounds confirmed activity in vitro against intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania infantum with the best result being obtained with derivative 9d (IC50 = 6.8 μM), although with some degree of cytotoxicity (CC50 = 8.0 μM on PMM and CC50 = 32.0 μM on MCR-5). In silico molecular docking studies and ADME-Tox properties prediction were performed to validate the hypothesis of the interaction with the intended target and to assess the drug-likeness of these derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura De Luca
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Stefania Ferro
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Buemi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Anna-Maria Monforte
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Rosaria Gitto
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Tanja Schirmeister
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Louis Maes
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Nicola Micale
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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10
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Emami S, Tavangar P, Keighobadi M. An overview of azoles targeting sterol 14α-demethylase for antileishmanial therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 135:241-259. [PMID: 28456033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The azole antifungal drugs are an important class of chemotherapeutic agents with broad-spectrum of activity against yeasts and filamentous fungi, act in the ergosterol biosynthetic pathway through inhibition of the cytochrome P450-dependent enzyme sterol 14α-demethylase. Azole antifungals have also been repurposed for treatment of tropical protozoan infections including human leishmaniasis. Recent advances in molecular biology and computational chemistry areas have increased our knowledge about sterol biochemical pathway in Leishmania parasites. Based on the importance of sterol biosynthetic pathway in Leishmania parasites, we reviewed all studies reported on azoles for potential antileishmanial therapy along their structural and biological aspects. This review may help medicinal chemists for design of new azole-derived antileishmanial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Emami
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Pegah Tavangar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Masoud Keighobadi
- Student Research Committee, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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11
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Rabelo VW, Santos TF, Terra L, Santana MV, Castro HC, Rodrigues CR, Abreu PA. Targeting CYP51 for drug design by the contributions of molecular modeling. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2016; 31:37-53. [PMID: 27487199 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
CYP51 is an enzyme of sterol biosynthesis pathway present in animals, plants, protozoa and fungi. This enzyme is described as an important drug target that is still of interest. Therefore, in this work, we reviewed the structure and function of CYP51 and explored the molecular modeling approaches for the development of new antifungal and antiprotozoans that target this enzyme. Crystallographic structures of CYP51 of some organisms have already been described in the literature, which enable the construction of homology models of other organisms' enzymes and molecular docking studies of new ligands. The binding mode and interactions of some new series of azoles with antifungal or antiprotozoan activities has been studied and showed important residues of the active site. Molecular modeling is an important tool to be explored for the discovery and optimization of CYP51 inhibitors with better activities, pharmacokinetics, and toxicological profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor W Rabelo
- Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular e Pesquisa em Ciências Farmacêuticas (LAMCIFAR), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus Macaé Professor Aloísio Teixeira, Avenida São José do Barreto 767, CEP 27965-045, Macaé, RJ, Brazil
| | - Taísa F Santos
- Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular e Pesquisa em Ciências Farmacêuticas (LAMCIFAR), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus Macaé Professor Aloísio Teixeira, Avenida São José do Barreto 767, CEP 27965-045, Macaé, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luciana Terra
- Laboratório de Antibióticos, Bioquímica, Ensino e Modelagem Molecular (LabiEMol), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus Valonguinho Outeiro de São João Baptista s/n, Centro, CEP 24210130, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcos V Santana
- Laboratório de Antibióticos, Bioquímica, Ensino e Modelagem Molecular (LabiEMol), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus Valonguinho Outeiro de São João Baptista s/n, Centro, CEP 24210130, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Helena C Castro
- Laboratório de Antibióticos, Bioquímica, Ensino e Modelagem Molecular (LabiEMol), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus Valonguinho Outeiro de São João Baptista s/n, Centro, CEP 24210130, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos R Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular e QSAR (ModMolQSAR), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Cidade Universitária, CEP 21941-599, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Paula A Abreu
- Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular e Pesquisa em Ciências Farmacêuticas (LAMCIFAR), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus Macaé Professor Aloísio Teixeira, Avenida São José do Barreto 767, CEP 27965-045, Macaé, RJ, Brazil
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Synthesis, antileishmanial activity and cytotoxicity of 2,3-diaryl- and 2,3,8-trisubstituted imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazines. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 103:381-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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13
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Charret KS, Lagrota-Cândido J, Carvalho-Pinto CE, Hottz CF, Lira MLF, Rodrigues RF, Gomes AO, Bernardino AM, Canto-Cavalheiro MM, Leon LL, Amaral VF. The histopathological and immunological pattern of CBA mice infected with Leishmania amazonensis after treatment with pyrazole carbohydrazide derivatives. Exp Parasitol 2013; 133:201-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2012.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Revised: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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14
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Marhadour S, Marchand P, Pagniez F, Bazin MA, Picot C, Lozach O, Ruchaud S, Antoine M, Meijer L, Rachidi N, Le Pape P. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2,3-diarylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines as antileishmanial agents. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 58:543-56. [PMID: 23164660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Revised: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of 2,3-diarylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines was synthesized and evaluated for their antileishmanial activities. Four derivatives exhibited good activity against the promastigote and intracellular amastigote stages of Leishmania major, coupled with a low cytotoxicity against the HeLa human cell line. The impact of compound lipophilicity on antiparasitic activities was investigated by Log D comparison. Although LmCK1 could be the parasitic target for three compounds (13, 18, 21), the inhibition of another target is under study to explain the antileishmanial effect of the most promising compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Marhadour
- Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique, Cibles et Médicaments des Infections et du Cancer, IICiMed UPRES EA 1155, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 1 rue Gaston Veil, 44035 Nantes, France
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15
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Giraud F, Loge C, Pagniez F, Crepin D, Barres S, Picot C, Le Pape P, Le Borgne M. Design, synthesis and evaluation of 3-(imidazol- 1-ylmethyl)indoles as antileishmanial agents. Part II. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2009; 24:1067-75. [DOI: 10.1080/14756360802610795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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16
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Le Pape P. Development of new antileishmanial drugs – current knowledge and future prospects. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2008; 23:708-18. [DOI: 10.1080/14756360802208137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Le Pape
- Département de Parasitologie et de Mycologie Médicale, Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, IICiMed UPRES EA 1155, UFR de Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 1 rue Gaston VeilNantes cedex 01F-44035, France
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