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Singh SL, Bhat R. Cyclic-NDGA Effectively Inhibits Human γ-Synuclein Fibrillation, Forms Nontoxic Off-Pathway Species, and Disintegrates Preformed Mature Fibrils. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:1770-1786. [PMID: 38637513 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease arises from protein misfolding, aggregation, and fibrillation and is characterized by LB (Lewy body) deposits, which contain the protein α-synuclein (α-syn) as their major component. Another synuclein, γ-synuclein (γ-syn), coexists with α-syn in Lewy bodies and is also implicated in various types of cancers, especially breast cancer. It is known to seed α-syn fibrillation after its oxidation at methionine residue, thereby contributing in synucleinopathy. Despite its involvement in synucleinopathy, the search for small molecule inhibitors and modulators of γ-syn fibrillation remains largely unexplored. This work reveals the modulatory properties of cyclic-nordihydroguaiaretic acid (cNDGA), a natural polyphenol, on the structural and aggregational properties of human γ-syn employing various biophysical and structural tools, namely, thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence, Rayleigh light scattering, 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid binding, far-UV circular dichroism (CD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, ITC, molecular docking, and MTT-toxicity assay. cNDGA was observed to modulate the fibrillation of γ-syn to form off-pathway amorphous species that are nontoxic in nature at as low as 75 μM concentration. The modulation is dependent on oxidizing conditions, with cNDGA weakly interacting (Kd ∼10-5 M) with the residues at the N-terminal of γ-syn protein as investigated by isothermal titration calorimetry and molecular docking, respectively. Increasing cNDGA concentration results in an increased recovery of monomeric γ-syn as shown by sodium dodecyl sulfate and native-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The retention of native structural properties of γ-syn in the presence of cNDGA was further confirmed by far-UV CD and FTIR. In addition, cNDGA is most effective in suppression of fibrillation when added at the beginning of the fibrillation kinetics and is also capable of disintegrating the preformed mature fibrils. These findings could, therefore, pave the ways for further exploring cNDGA as a potential therapeutic against γ-synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneh Lata Singh
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Rajiv Bhat
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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2
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Hamedani SG, Pourmasoumi M, Askari G, Bagherniya M, Sathyapalan T, Sahebkar A. An Investigation into the Effects of Chemical, Pharmaceutical, and Herbal Compounds on Neuroglobin: A Literature Review. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:2944-2954. [PMID: 37069714 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230413093409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Neuroglobin (Ngb) is an oxygen-binding globin protein that is mainly expressed in the neurons of the central and peripheral nervous system. However, moderate levels of Ngb have also been detected in non-neural tissues. Ngb and Ngb modulating factors have been increasingly studied over the last decade due to their neuroprotective role in neurological disorders and hypoxia. Studies have shown that a number of chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and herbal compounds can modulate the expression of Ngb at different dose levels, indicating a protective role against neurodegenerative diseases. Iron chelators, hormones, antidiabetic drugs, anticoagulants, antidepressants, plant derivatives and short-chain fatty acids are among these compounds. Therefore, this study aimed to review the literature focused on the possible effects and mechanisms of chemical, pharmaceutical, and herbal compounds on Ngbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Golpour Hamedani
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Makan Pourmasoumi
- Gastrointestinal & Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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3
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Poonsiri T, Dell’Accantera D, Loconte V, Casnati A, Cervoni L, Arcovito A, Benini S, Ferrari A, Cipolloni M, Cacioni E, De Franco F, Giacchè N, Rinaldo S, Folli C, Sansone F, Berni R, Cianci M. 3-O-Methyltolcapone and Its Lipophilic Analogues Are Potent Inhibitors of Transthyretin Amyloidogenesis with High Permeability and Low Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:479. [PMID: 38203650 PMCID: PMC10779086 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Transthyretin (TTR) is an amyloidogenic homotetramer involved in the transport of thyroxine in blood and cerebrospinal fluid. To date, more than 130 TTR point mutations are known to destabilise the TTR tetramer, leading to its extracellular pathological aggregation accumulating in several organs, such as heart, peripheral and autonomic nerves, and leptomeninges. Tolcapone is an FDA-approved drug for Parkinson's disease that has been repurposed as a TTR stabiliser. We characterised 3-O-methyltolcapone and two newly synthesized lipophilic analogues, which are expected to be protected from the metabolic glucuronidation that is responsible for the lability of tolcapone in the organism. Immunoblotting assays indicated the high degree of TTR stabilisation, coupled with binding selectivity towards TTR in diluted plasma of 3-O-methyltolcapone and its lipophilic analogues. Furthermore, in vitro toxicity data showed their several-fold improved neuronal and hepatic safety compared to tolcapone. Calorimetric and structural data showed that both T4 binding sites of TTR are occupied by 3-O-methyltolcapone and its lipophilic analogs, consistent with an effective TTR tetramer stabilisation. Moreover, in vitro permeability studies showed that the three compounds can effectively cross the blood-brain barrier, which is a prerequisite for the inhibition of TTR amyloidogenesis in the cerebrospinal fluid. Our data demonstrate the relevance of 3-O-methyltolcapone and its lipophilic analogs as potent inhibitors of TTR amyloidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanalai Poonsiri
- Bioorganic Chemistry and Bio-Crystallography Laboratory (B2Cl), Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bolzano, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (T.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Davide Dell’Accantera
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/a, 43124 Parma, Italy; (D.D.); (A.C.); (F.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Valentina Loconte
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Alessandro Casnati
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/a, 43124 Parma, Italy; (D.D.); (A.C.); (F.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Laura Cervoni
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Alessandro Arcovito
- Department of Biotechnological Sciences and Intensive Care, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli—IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Benini
- Bioorganic Chemistry and Bio-Crystallography Laboratory (B2Cl), Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bolzano, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (T.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Alberto Ferrari
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (A.F.); (C.F.)
| | - Marco Cipolloni
- TES Pharma S.r.l., Via P. Togliatti 20, Corciano, 06073 Perugia, Italy; (M.C.); (E.C.); (F.D.F.); (N.G.)
| | - Elisa Cacioni
- TES Pharma S.r.l., Via P. Togliatti 20, Corciano, 06073 Perugia, Italy; (M.C.); (E.C.); (F.D.F.); (N.G.)
| | - Francesca De Franco
- TES Pharma S.r.l., Via P. Togliatti 20, Corciano, 06073 Perugia, Italy; (M.C.); (E.C.); (F.D.F.); (N.G.)
| | - Nicola Giacchè
- TES Pharma S.r.l., Via P. Togliatti 20, Corciano, 06073 Perugia, Italy; (M.C.); (E.C.); (F.D.F.); (N.G.)
| | - Serena Rinaldo
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (S.R.)
| | - Claudia Folli
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (A.F.); (C.F.)
| | - Francesco Sansone
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/a, 43124 Parma, Italy; (D.D.); (A.C.); (F.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Rodolfo Berni
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/a, 43124 Parma, Italy; (D.D.); (A.C.); (F.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Michele Cianci
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
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Ciccone L, Camodeca C, Tonali N, Barlettani L, Rossello A, Fruchart Gaillard C, Kaffy J, Petrarolo G, La Motta C, Nencetti S, Orlandini E. New Hybrid Compounds Incorporating Natural Products as Multifunctional Agents against Alzheimer's Disease. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2369. [PMID: 37896129 PMCID: PMC10610016 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of new hybrid derivatives 1a-c, 2a-c, 3a-c, 4a-c, 5a-c, inspired by nature, were synthesized and studied as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). These compounds were designed to merge together the trifluoromethyl benzyloxyaminic bioactive moiety, previously identified, with different acids available in nature. The ability of the synthesized compounds to chelate biometals, such as Cu2+, Zn2+ and Fe2+, was studied by UV-Vis spectrometer, and through a preliminary screening their antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH. Then, selected compounds were tested by in vitro ABTS free radical method and ex vivo rat brain TBARS assay. Compounds 2a-c, combining the strongest antioxidant and biometal chelators activities, were studied for their ability to contrast Aβ1-40 fibrillization process. Finally, starting from the promising profile obtained for compound 2a, we evaluated if it could be able to induce a positive cross-interaction between transthyretin (TTR) and Aβ in presence and in absence of Cu2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Ciccone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (C.C.); (L.B.); (A.R.); (G.P.); (C.L.M.)
| | - Caterina Camodeca
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (C.C.); (L.B.); (A.R.); (G.P.); (C.L.M.)
| | - Nicolò Tonali
- CNRS, BioCIS, Bâtiment Henri Moissan, Université Paris-Saclay, 17 Av. des Sciences, 91400 Orsay, France; (N.T.); (J.K.)
| | - Lucia Barlettani
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (C.C.); (L.B.); (A.R.); (G.P.); (C.L.M.)
| | - Armando Rossello
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (C.C.); (L.B.); (A.R.); (G.P.); (C.L.M.)
- Research Center “E. Piaggio”, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Carole Fruchart Gaillard
- CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SIMoS, Université Paris Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;
| | - Julia Kaffy
- CNRS, BioCIS, Bâtiment Henri Moissan, Université Paris-Saclay, 17 Av. des Sciences, 91400 Orsay, France; (N.T.); (J.K.)
| | - Giovanni Petrarolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (C.C.); (L.B.); (A.R.); (G.P.); (C.L.M.)
| | - Concettina La Motta
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (C.C.); (L.B.); (A.R.); (G.P.); (C.L.M.)
| | - Susanna Nencetti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (C.C.); (L.B.); (A.R.); (G.P.); (C.L.M.)
| | - Elisabetta Orlandini
- Research Center “E. Piaggio”, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy;
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Pisa, Via Santa Maria 53, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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5
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El-Bana MA, El-Daly SM, Omara EA, Morsy SM, El-Naggar ME, Medhat D. Preparation of pumpkin oil-based nanoemulsion as a potential estrogen replacement therapy to alleviate neural-immune interactions in an experimental postmenopausal model. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2023; 166:106730. [PMID: 36931593 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
As estrogen production decreases during menopause; the brain's metabolism tends to stall and become less effective. Estrogen most likely protects against neurodegeneration. Consequently, a comprehensive study of the benefits of hormone replacement therapy as a neuroprotective effect is urgently required. This study was designed to fabricate pumpkin seed oil nanoparticles (PSO) in nanoemulsion form (PSO-NE) and investigate their potential role in attenuating the neural-immune interactions in an experimental postmenopausal model.Sixty female white albino rats were divided into six groups: control, sham, ovariectomized (OVX), and three OVX groups treated with 17β-estradiol, PSO, and PSO-NE respectively. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and particle size analyzer were performed for nanoemulsion evaluation. Serum levels of estrogen, brain amyloid precursor protein (APP), serum levels of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κβ), interleukin 6 (IL-6), transthyretin (TTR), and synaptophysin (SYP) were evaluated. The expression of estrogen receptors (ER-α, β) in the brain tissue was estimated. The findings revealed that the approached PSO-NE system was able to reduce the interfacial tension, enhance the dispersion entropy, lower the system free energy to an extremely small value, and augment the interfacial area. PSO-NE, showed a significant increase in the levels of estrogen, brain APP, SYP, and TTR accompanied with a significant increased in the expression of brain ER-α, β compared to the OVX group. In conclusion, the phytoestrogen content of PSO exhibited a significant prophylactic effect on neuro-inflammatory interactions, ameliorating both estrogen levels and the inflammatory cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona A El-Bana
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sherien M El-Daly
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt; Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Enayat A Omara
- Pathology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Safaa M Morsy
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mehrez E El-Naggar
- Institute of Textile Research and Technology, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Dalia Medhat
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
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6
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Omega-3 PUFAs as a Dietary Supplement in Senile Systemic Amyloidosis. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030749. [PMID: 36771455 PMCID: PMC9921273 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6), two omega-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), are the main components in oil derived from fish and other marine organisms. EPA and DHA are commercially available as dietary supplements and are considered to be very safe and contribute to guaranteeing human health. Studies report that PUFAs have a role in contrasting neurodegenerative processes related to amyloidogenic proteins, such as β-amyloid for AD, α-synuclein in PD, and transthyretin (TTR) in TTR amyloidosis. In this context, we investigated if EPA and DHA can interact directly with TTR, binding inside the thyroxin-binding pockets (T4BP) that contribute to the tetramer stabilization. The data obtained showed that EPA and DHA can contribute to stabilizing the TTR tetramer through interactions with T4BP.
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Mizuguchi M, Nakagawa Y, Inui K, Katayama W, Sawai Y, Shimane A, Kitakami R, Okada T, Nabeshima Y, Yokoyama T, Kanamitsu K, Nakagawa S, Toyooka N. Chlorinated Naringenin Analogues as Potential Inhibitors of Transthyretin Amyloidogenesis. J Med Chem 2022; 65:16218-16233. [PMID: 36472374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Misfolding and aggregation of transthyretin are implicated in the fatal systemic disease known as transthyretin amyloidosis. Here, we report the development of a naringenin derivative bearing two chlorine atoms that will be efficacious for preventing aggregation of transthyretin in the eye. The amyloid inhibitory activity of the naringenin derivative was as strong as that of tafamidis, which is the first therapeutic agent targeting transthyretin in the plasma. X-ray crystal structures of the compounds in complex with transthyretin demonstrated that the naringenin derivative with one chlorine bound to the thyroxine-binding site of transthyretin in the forward mode and that the derivative with two chlorines bound to it in the reverse mode. An ex vivo competitive binding assay showed that naringenin derivatives exhibited more potent binding than tafamidis in the plasma. Furthermore, an in vivo pharmacokinetic study demonstrated that the dichlorinated derivative was significantly delivered to the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mineyuki Mizuguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0914, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakagawa
- Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Kishin Inui
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Wakana Katayama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0914, Japan
| | - Yurika Sawai
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Ayaka Shimane
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0914, Japan
| | - Ryota Kitakami
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takuya Okada
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Yuko Nabeshima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0914, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yokoyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0914, Japan
| | - Kayoko Kanamitsu
- Drug Discovery Initiative, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shinsaku Nakagawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naoki Toyooka
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
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Ciccone L, Nencetti S, Marino M, Battocchio C, Iucci G, Venditti I, Marsotto M, Montalesi E, Socci S, Bargagna B, Orlandini E. Pterostilbene fluorescent probes as potential tools for targeting neurodegeneration in biological applications. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:1812-1820. [PMID: 35758192 PMCID: PMC9246042 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2091556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies suggest that a diet rich in fruit and vegetables reduces the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases. Resveratrol (Res) and its dimethylated metabolite, pterostibene (Ptb), have been largely studied for their neuroprotective action. The clinical use of Res is limited because of its rapid metabolism and its poor bioavailability. Ptb with two methoxy groups and one hydroxyl group has a good membrane permeability, metabolic stability and higher in vivo bioavailability in comparison with Res. The metabolism and pharmacokinetics of Ptb are still sparse, probably due to the lack of tools that allow following the Ptb destiny both in living cells and in vivo. In this contest, we propose two Ptb fluorescent derivatives where Ptb has been functionalised by benzofurazan and rhodamine-B-isothiocyanate, compounds 1 and 2, respectively. Here, we report the synthesis, the optical and structural characterisation of 1 and 2, and, their putative cytotoxicity in two different cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Ciccone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,CISUP - Centre for Instrumentation Sharing, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Susanna Nencetti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,CISUP - Centre for Instrumentation Sharing, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Marino
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Iole Venditti
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Simone Socci
- Department of Earth Science, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Elisabetta Orlandini
- Department of Earth Science, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Research Centre E. Piaggio, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Sedov I, Khaibrakhmanova D. Molecular Mechanisms of Inhibition of Protein Amyloid Fibril Formation: Evidence and Perspectives Based on Kinetic Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113428. [PMID: 36362217 PMCID: PMC9657184 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of fibril formation is considered a possible treatment strategy for amyloid-related diseases. Understanding the molecular nature of inhibitor action is crucial for the design of drug candidates. In the present review, we describe the common kinetic models of fibril formation and classify known inhibitors by the mechanism of their interactions with the aggregating protein and its oligomers. This mechanism determines the step or steps of the aggregation process that become inhibited and the observed changes in kinetics and equilibrium of fibril formation. The results of numerous studies indicate that possible approaches to antiamyloid inhibitor discovery include the search for the strong binders of protein monomers, cappers blocking the ends of the growing fibril, or the species absorbing on the surface of oligomers preventing nucleation. Strongly binding inhibitors stabilizing the native state can be promising for the structured proteins while designing the drug candidates targeting disordered proteins is challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Sedov
- Chemical Institute, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 420111 Kazan, Russia
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave, 354340 Sochi, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-9600503916
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10
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Deep blue autofluorescence reflects the oxidation state of human transthyretin. Redox Biol 2022; 56:102434. [PMID: 35987087 PMCID: PMC9411673 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Human transthyretin (TTR) is a tetrameric protein transporting thyroid hormones and retinol. TTR is a neuroprotective factor and sensor of oxidative stress which stability is diminished due to mutations and aging, leading to amyloid deposition. Adverse environmental conditions, such as redox and metal ion imbalances, induce destabilization of the TTR structure. We have previously shown that the stability of TTR was disturbed by Ca2+ and other factors, including DTT, and led to the formation of an intrinsic fluorophore(s) emitting blue light, termed deep blue autofluorescence (dbAF). Here, we show that the redox state of TTR affects the formation dynamics and properties of dbAF. Free thiols lead to highly unstable subpopulations of TTR and the frequent ocurrence of dbAF. Oxidative conditions counteracted the destabilizing effects of free thiols to some extent. However, strong oxidative conditions led to modifications of TTR, which altered the stability of TTR and resulted in unique dbAF spectra. Riboflavin and/or riboflavin photoproducts bound to TTR and crosslinked TTR subunits. Riboflavin-sensitized photooxidation increased TTR unfolding, while photooxidation, either in the absence or presence of riboflavin, increased proteolysis and resulted in multiple oxidative modifications and dityrosine formation in TTR molecules. Therefore, oxidation can switch the role of TTR from a protective to pathogenic factor.
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11
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Sanguinetti C, Minniti M, Susini V, Caponi L, Panichella G, Castiglione V, Aimo A, Emdin M, Vergaro G, Franzini M. The Journey of Human Transthyretin: Synthesis, Structure Stability, and Catabolism. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081906. [PMID: 36009453 PMCID: PMC9405911 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Transthyretin (TTR) is a homotetrameric protein mainly synthesised by the liver and the choroid plexus whose function is to carry the thyroid hormone thyroxine and the retinol-binding protein bound to retinol in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. When the stability of the tetrameric structure is lost, it breaks down, paving the way for the aggregation of TTR monomers into insoluble fibrils leading to transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis, a progressive disorder mainly affecting the heart and nervous system. Several TTR gene mutations have been characterised as destabilisers of TTR structure and are associated with hereditary forms of ATTR amyloidosis. The reason why also the wild-type TTR is intrinsically amyloidogenic in some subjects is largely unknown. The aim of the review is to give an overview of the TTR biological life cycle which is largely unknown. For this purpose, the current knowledge on TTR physiological metabolism, from its synthesis to its catabolism, is described. Furthermore, a large section of the review is dedicated to examining in depth the role of mutations and physiological ligands on the stability of TTR tetramers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Sanguinetti
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marianna Minniti
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vanessa Susini
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Caponi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giorgia Panichella
- “Health Science” Interdisciplinary Research Center, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Castiglione
- “Health Science” Interdisciplinary Research Center, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alberto Aimo
- “Health Science” Interdisciplinary Research Center, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Michele Emdin
- “Health Science” Interdisciplinary Research Center, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vergaro
- “Health Science” Interdisciplinary Research Center, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Franzini
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Mohankumar A, Kalaiselvi D, Thiruppathi G, Muthusaravanan S, Vijayakumar S, Suresh R, Tawata S, Sundararaj P. Santalol Isomers Inhibit Transthyretin Amyloidogenesis and Associated Pathologies in Caenorhabditis elegans. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:924862. [PMID: 35784752 PMCID: PMC9243336 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.924862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Transthyretin (TTR) is a homotetrameric protein found in human serum and is implicated in fatal inherited amyloidoses. Destabilization of native TTR confirmation resulting from mutation, environmental changes, and aging causes polymerization and amyloid fibril formation. Although several small molecules have been reported to stabilize the native state and inhibit TTR aggregation, prolonged use can cause serious side effects. Therefore, pharmacologically enhancing the degradation of TTR aggregates and kinetically stabilizing the native tetrameric structure with bioactive molecule(s) could be a viable therapeutic strategy to hinder the advancement of TTR amyloidoses. In this context, here we demonstrated α- and β-santalol, natural sesquiterpenes from sandalwood, as a potent TTR aggregation inhibitor and native state stabilizer using combined in vitro, in silico, and in vivo experiments. We found that α- and β-santalol synergize to reduce wild-type (WT) and Val30Met (V30M) mutant TTR aggregates in novel C. elegans strains expressing TTR fragments fused with a green fluorescent protein in body wall muscle cells. α- and β-Santalol extend the lifespan and healthspan of C. elegans strains carrying TTRWT::EGFP and TTRV30M::EGFP transgene by activating the SKN-1/Nrf2, autophagy, and proteasome. Moreover, α- and β-santalol directly interacted with TTR and reduced the flexibility of the thyroxine-binding cavity and homotetramer interface, which in turn increases stability and prevents the dissociation of the TTR tetramer. These data indicate that α- and β-santalol are the strong natural therapeutic intervention against TTR-associated amyloid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirthalingam Mohankumar
- PAK Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
- Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
- *Correspondence: Amirthalingam Mohankumar, ; Shinkichi Tawata, ; Palanisamy Sundararaj,
| | - Duraisamy Kalaiselvi
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | | | | | | | - Rahul Suresh
- International Research Center of Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemistry—IRC SQC, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Shinkichi Tawata
- PAK Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
- *Correspondence: Amirthalingam Mohankumar, ; Shinkichi Tawata, ; Palanisamy Sundararaj,
| | - Palanisamy Sundararaj
- Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
- *Correspondence: Amirthalingam Mohankumar, ; Shinkichi Tawata, ; Palanisamy Sundararaj,
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13
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Khodaei M, Mehri S, Pour SR, Mahdavi S, Yarmohammadi F, Hayes AW, Karimi G. The protective effect of chemical and natural compounds against vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy (VIPN). Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2022; 395:907-919. [PMID: 35562512 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02254-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Vincristine, an alkaloid extracted from Catharanthus rosea, is a class of chemotherapy drugs that act by altering the function of the microtubules and by inhibiting mitosis. Despite its widespread application, a major adverse effect of vincristine that limits treatment duration is the occurrence of peripheral neuropathy (PN). PN presents with several symptoms including numbness, painful sensation, tingling, and muscle weakness. Vincristine-induced PN involves impaired calcium homeostasis, an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the upregulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) expression. Several potential approaches to attenuate the vincristine-induced PN including the concomitant administration of chemicals with vincristine have been reported. These chemicals have a variety of pharmaceutical properties including anti-inflammation, antioxidant, and inhibition of calcium channels and calcineurin signaling pathways and increased expression of nerve growth factor (NGF). This review summarized several of these compounds and the mechanisms of action that could lead to effective options in improving vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy (VIPN).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Khodaei
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Soghra Mehri
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Soroush Rashid Pour
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shakiba Mahdavi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yarmohammadi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- Center for Environmental Occupational Risk Analysis and Management, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.,Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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14
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Antioxidant Quercetin 3-O-Glycosylated Plant Flavonols Contribute to Transthyretin Stabilization. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12050638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Plants are rich in secondary metabolites, which are often useful as a relevant source of nutraceuticals. Quercetin (QUE) is a flavonol aglycone able to bind Transthyretin (TTR), a plasma protein that under pathological conditions can lose its native structure leading to fibrils formation and amyloid diseases onset. Here, the dual nature of five quercetin 3-O-glycosylated flavonol derivatives, isolated from different plant species, such as possible binders of TTR and antioxidants, was investigated. The crystal structure of 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside in complex with TTR was solved, suggesting that not only quercetin but also its metabolites can contribute to stabilizing the TTR tetramer.
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15
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Ciccone L, Nencetti S, Camodeca C, Ortore G, Cuffaro D, Socci S, Orlandini E. Synthesis and Evaluation of Monoaryl Derivatives as Transthyretin Fibril Formation Inhibitors. Pharm Chem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-022-02600-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Ueda M. Transthyretin: Its function and amyloid formation. Neurochem Int 2022; 155:105313. [PMID: 35218869 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Transthyretin (TTR), which is one of the major amyloidogenic proteins in systemic amyloidosis, forms extracellular amyloid deposits in the systemic organs such as nerves, ligaments, heart, and arterioles, and causes two kinds of systemic amyloidosis, hereditary ATTR (ATTRv) amyloidosis induced by variant TTR and aging-related wild-type ATTR (ATTRwt) amyloidosis. More than 150 different mutations, most of which are amyloidogenic, have been reported in the TTR gene. Since most disease-associated mutations affect TTR tetramer dissociation rates, destabilization of TTR tetramers is widely believed to be a critical step in TTR amyloid formation. Recently, effective disease-modifying therapies such as TTR tetramer stabilizers and TTR gene silencing therapies have been developed for ATTR amyloidosis. This study reviews the clinical phenotypes of ATTR amyloidosis, TTR features, and recent progress in promising therapies for ATTR amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuharu Ueda
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan.
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17
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Wang J, Zhang Y, Nie W, Luo Y, Deng L. Computational anti-COVID-19 drug design: progress and challenges. Brief Bioinform 2022; 23:bbab484. [PMID: 34850817 PMCID: PMC8690229 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbab484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines have made gratifying progress in preventing the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. However, the emergence of variants, especially the latest delta variant, has brought considerable challenges to human health. Hence, the development of robust therapeutic approaches, such as anti-COVID-19 drug design, could aid in managing the pandemic more efficiently. Some drug design strategies have been successfully applied during the COVID-19 pandemic to create and validate related lead drugs. The computational drug design methods used for COVID-19 can be roughly divided into (i) structure-based approaches and (ii) artificial intelligence (AI)-based approaches. Structure-based approaches investigate different molecular fragments and functional groups through lead drugs and apply relevant tools to produce antiviral drugs. AI-based approaches usually use end-to-end learning to explore a larger biochemical space to design antiviral drugs. This review provides an overview of the two design strategies of anti-COVID-19 drugs, the advantages and disadvantages of these strategies and discussions of future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxian Wang
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University,410075, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang Province Land Reclamation Headquarters General Hospital, 150001, Harbin, China
| | - Wenjuan Nie
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University,410075, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Luo
- School of Science, The University of Auckland,Auckland 1010, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lei Deng
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University,410075, Changsha, China
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18
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Chao WW, Chan WC, Ma HT, Chou ST. Phenolic acids and flavonoids-rich Glechoma hederacea L. (Lamiaceae) water extract against H 2 O 2 -induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e14032. [PMID: 34914114 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative stress is reportedly associated with progressive neuronal cell damage. Glechoma hederacea L. (Lamiaceae), belonging to the Labiatae family, has demonstrated several biologic activities including depigmentation, antimelanogenic, antitumor, antioxidative, hepatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory activities. Previously, we reported that rosmarinic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, genistin, and ferulic acids were the most abundant phytochemicals detected in hot water extracts of G. hederacea L. (HWG). This study aimed to study the neuroprotective effects of phenolic acids and flavonoid-rich HWG against hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 )-induced oxidative damage in PC12 cells and its inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The experiment analyzed cytotoxicity, ROS production, mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MMP) level, and caspase-3 activity and used comet assay and antioxidant enzyme activity to determine the redox status of PC12 cells. Results showed that the inhibitory effect of HWG on AChE was in a competitive pattern (IC50 , 23.23 mg/ml). HWG antagonized H2 O2 -mediated cytotoxicity and DNA damage, reduced ROS production, stabilized MMP, and inhibited caspase-3 activity and apoptosis. Furthermore, HWG inhibited the release of cytochrome C and apoptosis-inducing factors (AIF) and decreased the malondialdehyde levels in PC12 cells. Collectively, HWG rich in antioxidant phenolic acids and flavonoids may have neuroprotective effects. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Polyphenolic compounds are one of the most important natural products, known to possess a range of health-promoting effects. In this study, it was found that HWG, which is rich in antioxidant phenolic acids and flavonoids, can protect PC12 cells from oxidative stress induced by H2 O2 and may have neuroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wan Chao
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Kainan University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ching Chan
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan.,National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Ting Ma
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Su-Tze Chou
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan
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19
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The Beneficial Role of Natural Endocrine Disruptors: Phytoestrogens in Alzheimer's Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:3961445. [PMID: 34527172 PMCID: PMC8437597 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3961445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia with a growing incidence rate primarily among the elderly. It is a neurodegenerative, progressive disorder leading to significant cognitive loss. Despite numerous pieces of research, no cure for halting the disease has been discovered yet. Phytoestrogens are nonestradiol compounds classified as one of the endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), meaning that they can potentially disrupt hormonal balance and result in developmental and reproductive abnormalities. Importantly, phytoestrogens are structurally, chemically, and functionally akin to estrogens, which undoubtedly has the potential to be detrimental to the organism. What is intriguing, although classified as EDCs, phytoestrogens seem to have a beneficial influence on Alzheimer's disease symptoms and neuropathologies. They have been observed to act as antioxidants, improve visual-spatial memory, lower amyloid-beta production, and increase the growth, survival, and plasticity of brain cells. This review article is aimed at contributing to the collective understanding of the role of phytoestrogens in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Importantly, it underlines the fact that despite being EDCs, phytoestrogens and their use can be beneficial in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease.
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20
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Ahmad SS, Younis K, Philippe J, Aschner M, Khan H. Strategic approaches to target the enzymes using natural compounds for the management of Alzheimer's disease: A review. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2021; 21:610-620. [PMID: 34382514 DOI: 10.2174/1871527320666210811160007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease. It is clinically characterized by memory loss and intellectual decrease, among other neurological deficits. The etiology of AD is not completely understood but includes amyloid plaques and intracellular helical filaments as well as neurofibrillary tangles with hyperphosphorylated tau protein. AD is also associated with alterations in amyloid processing genes, such as PSEN1 or PSEN2 and APP. The modulation immune system, cholesterol metabolism, and synaptic vesicle endocytosis have all been shown to remediate AD. In this review, enzymes such as AChE, BuChE, β-secretase, γ-secretase, MAO, and RAGE are discussed as potential targets for AD treatment. The aim of this review was to addresses the molecular mechanisms as well as various genetic factors in AD etiology. The use of natural compounds against these targets might be beneficial for the management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Sayeed Ahmad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541. Korea
| | - Kaiser Younis
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow. India
| | - Jeandet Philippe
- Research Unit "Induced Resistance and Plant Bioprotection", EA 4707, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Faculty of Sciences University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, PO Box 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2. France
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461. United States
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan 23200. Pakistan
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21
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An updated review on the versatile role of chrysin in neurological diseases: Chemistry, pharmacology, and drug delivery approaches. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111906. [PMID: 34328092 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological diseases are responsible for a large number of morbidities and mortalities in the world. Flavonoids are phytochemicals that possess various health-promoting impacts. Chrysin, a natural flavonoid isolated from diverse fruits, vegetables, and even mushrooms, has several pharmacological activities comprising antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, anticancer, and neuroprotective effects. The current study was designed to review the relationship between chrysin administration and neurological complications by discussing the feasible mechanism and signaling pathways. Herein, we mentioned the sources, pharmacological properties, chemistry, and drug delivery systems associated with chrysin pharmacotherapy. The role of chrysin was discussed in depression, anxiety, neuroinflammation, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, epilepsy, cerebral ischemia, spinal cord injury, neuropathy, Multiple Sclerosis, and Guillain-Barré Syndrome. The findings indicate that chrysin has protective effects against neurological conditions by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in animal models. However, more studies should be done to clear the neuroprotective effects of chrysin.
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22
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Antioxidant activity of calycosin against α-synuclein amyloid fibrils-induced oxidative stress in neural-like cells as a model of preventive care studies in Parkinson's disease. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:91-97. [PMID: 33798579 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Protein misfolding and aggregation result in induction of a number of neurodegenerative diseases. In the present study, the anti-fibrillation activity of calycosin and its influence on the amyloid formation of α-synuclein (α-syn) and associated cytotoxicity on neuron-like cells (PC-12) as a model of Parkinson's disease were explored. Therefore, in combination with ThT and ANS fluorescence assay, CD, Congo red absorbance, TEM and cytotoxicity assays (MTT, ROS, SOD activity, CAT activity, GSH content, and caspase-3 activity assays), we showed that calycosin remarkably inhibits α-syn fibril formation through a concentration-dependent manner. The experimental analysis indicated that calycosin exert its antioxidant effects against α-syn amyloid-triggered neurotoxicity by modifying the aggregation pathway toward formation of nontoxic spices via recovering the activity of SOD/CAT and GSH content and reducing the ROS content and caspase-3 activity. This work may provide useful information about the mechanism of α-syn amyloid inhibition by calycosin and pave the way for developing some small molecules-based therapeutic platforms against Parkinson's disease.
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23
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Physiological Metals Can Induce Conformational Changes in Transthyretin Structure: Neuroprotection or Misfolding Induction? CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11040354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Transthyretin (TTR) is a plasma homotetrameric protein that transports thyroxine and retinol. TTR itself, under pathological conditions, dissociates into partially unfolded monomers that aggregate and form fibrils. Metal ions such as Zn2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Mn2+ and Ca2+ play a controversial role in the TTR amyloidogenic pathway. TTR is also present in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), where it behaves as one of the major Aβ-binding-proteins. The interaction between TTR and Aβ is stronger in the presence of high concentrations of Cu2+. Crystals of TTR, soaked in solutions of physiological metals such as Cu2+ and Fe2+, but not Mn2+, Zn2+, Fe3+, Al3+, Ni2+, revealed an unusual conformational change. Here, we investigate the effects that physiological metals have on TTR, in order to understand if metals can induce a specific and active conformation of TTR that guides its Aβ-scavenging role. The capability of certain metals to induce and accelerate its amyloidogenic process is also discussed.
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24
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Ciccone L, Vandooren J, Nencetti S, Orlandini E. Natural Marine and Terrestrial Compounds as Modulators of Matrix Metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 in Alzheimer's Disease. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:86. [PMID: 33498927 PMCID: PMC7911533 DOI: 10.3390/ph14020086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have reported neuroprotective effects by natural products. A wide range of natural compounds have been investigated, and some of these may play a beneficial role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases, have been implicated in AD. In particular, MMP-2 and MMP-9 are able to trigger several neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative pathways. In this review, we summarize and discuss existing literature on natural marine and terrestrial compounds, as well as their ability to modulate MMP-2 and MMP-9, and we evaluate their potential as therapeutic compounds for neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases, with a focus on Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Ciccone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Jennifer Vandooren
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, KU Leuven—Herestraat 49—Box 1044, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Susanna Nencetti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (L.C.); (S.N.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health (NUTRAFOOD), University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Orlandini
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Pisa, via Santa Maria 53, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Research Center “E. Piaggio”, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy
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25
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Bjørklund G, Doşa MD, Maes M, Dadar M, Frye RE, Peana M, Chirumbolo S. The impact of glutathione metabolism in autism spectrum disorder. Pharmacol Res 2021; 166:105437. [PMID: 33493659 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviews the potential role of glutathione (GSH) in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). GSH plays a key role in the detoxification of xenobiotics and maintenance of balance in intracellular redox pathways. Recent data showed that imbalances in the GSH redox system are an important factor in the pathophysiology of ASD. Furthermore, ASD is accompanied by decreased concentrations of reduced GSH in part caused by oxidation of GSH into glutathione disulfide (GSSG). GSSG can react with protein sulfhydryl (SH) groups, thereby causing proteotoxic stress and other abnormalities in SH-containing enzymes in the brain and blood. Moreover, alterations in the GSH metabolism via its effects on redox-independent mechanisms are other processes associated with the pathophysiology of ASD. GSH-related regulation of glutamate receptors such as the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor can contribute to glutamate excitotoxicity. Synergistic and antagonistic interactions between glutamate and GSH can result in neuronal dysfunction. These interactions can involve transcription factors of the immune pathway, such as activator protein 1 and nuclear factor (NF)-κB, thereby interacting with neuroinflammatory mechanisms, ultimately leading to neuronal damage. Neuronal apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction are recently outlined as significant factors linking GSH impairments with the pathophysiology of ASD. Moreover, GSH regulates the methylation of DNA and modulates epigenetics. Existing data support a protective role of the GSH system in ASD development. Future research should focus on the effects of GSH redox signaling in ASD and should explore new therapeutic approaches by targeting the GSH system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Toften 24, 8610, Mo i Rana, Norway.
| | - Monica Daniela Doşa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, Campus, 900470, Constanta, Romania.
| | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Impact Research Center, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Richard E Frye
- Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; CONEM Scientific Secretary, Verona, Italy
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Abd-Elhakim YM, Al-Sagheer AA. Opuntia spp. Benefits in Chronic Diseases. OPUNTIA SPP.: CHEMISTRY, BIOACTIVITY AND INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS 2021:423-455. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-78444-7_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Ciccone L, Nencetti S, Socci S, Orlandini E. Neuroglobin and neuroprotection: the role of natural and synthetic compounds in neuroglobin pharmacological induction. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:2353-2358. [PMID: 33907006 PMCID: PMC8374583 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.300981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroglobin (Ngb) is a 17 kDa monomeric hexa-coordinated heme protein belonging to the globin family. Ngb is mainly expressed in neurons of the central and peripheral nervous system, although moderate levels of Ngb have been detected in non-nervous tissues. In the past decade, Ngb has been studied for its neuroprotective role in a large number of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, brain ischemia and hypoxia. This review discusses and summarizes the natural compounds and the small synthetic molecules capable of modulating Ngb expression that exhibits a protective role against various neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Ciccone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Simone Socci
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Orlandini
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Pisa; Research Center "E. Piaggio," University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Tonali N, Nencetti S, Orlandini E, Ciccone L. Application of PROTAC strategy to TTR-Aβ protein-protein interaction for the development of Alzheimer's disease drugs. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:1554-1555. [PMID: 33433479 PMCID: PMC8323684 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.303017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicoló Tonali
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | | | - Elisabetta Orlandini
- Department of Earth Sciences, Research Center "E. Piaggio", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lidia Ciccone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Cotrina EY, Blasi D, Vilà M, Planas A, Abad-Zapatero C, Centeno NB, Quintana J, Arsequell G. Optimization of kinetic stabilizers of tetrameric transthyretin: A prospective ligand efficiency-guided approach. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115794. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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The Function of Transthyretin Complexes with Metallothionein in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239003. [PMID: 33256250 PMCID: PMC7730073 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most frequently diagnosed types of dementia in the elderly. An important pathological feature in AD is the aggregation and deposition of the β-amyloid (Aβ) in extracellular plaques. Transthyretin (TTR) can cleave Aβ, resulting in the formation of short peptides with less activity of amyloid plaques formation, as well as being able to degrade Aβ peptides that have already been aggregated. In the presence of TTR, Aβ aggregation decreases and toxicity of Aβ is abolished. This may prevent amyloidosis but the malfunction of this process leads to the development of AD. In the context of Aβplaque formation in AD, we discuss metallothionein (MT) interaction with TTR, the effects of which depend on the type of MT isoform. In the brains of patients with AD, the loss of MT-3 occurs. On the contrary, MT-1/2 level has been consistently reported to be increased. Through interaction with TTR, MT-2 reduces the ability of TTR to bind to Aβ, while MT-3 causes the opposite effect. It increases TTR-Aβ binding, providing inhibition of Aβ aggregation. The protective effect, assigned to MT-3 against the deposition of Aβ, relies also on this mechanism. Additionally, both Zn7MT-2 and Zn7MT-3, decrease Aβ neurotoxicity in cultured cortical neurons probably because of a metal swap between Zn7MT and Cu(II)Aβ. Understanding the molecular mechanism of metals transfer between MT and other proteins as well as cognition of the significance of TTR interaction with different MT isoforms can help in AD treatment and prevention.
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Saponaro F, Kim JH, Chiellini G. Transthyretin Stabilization: An Emerging Strategy for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228672. [PMID: 33212973 PMCID: PMC7698513 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Transthyretin (TTR), previously named prealbumin is a plasma protein secreted mainly by the liver and choroid plexus (CP) that is a carrier for thyroid hormones (THs) and retinol (vitamin A). The structure of TTR, with four monomers rich in β-chains in a globular tetrameric protein, accounts for the predisposition of the protein to aggregate in fibrils, leading to a rare and severe disease, namely transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR). Much effort has been made and still is required to find new therapeutic compounds that can stabilize TTR ("kinetic stabilization") and prevent the amyloid genetic process. Moreover, TTR is an interesting therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases due to its recognized neuroprotective properties in the cognitive impairment context and interestingly in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Much evidence has been collected regarding the neuroprotective effects in AD, including through in vitro and in vivo studies as well as a wide range of clinical series. Despite this supported hypothesis of neuroprotection for TTR, the mechanisms are still not completely clear. The aim of this review is to highlight the most relevant findings on the neuroprotective role of TTR, and to summarize the recent progress on the development of TTR tetramer stabilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jin Hae Kim
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Korea;
| | - Grazia Chiellini
- Department of Pathology, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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Checkouri E, Reignier F, Robert-Da Silva C, Meilhac O. Evaluation of Polyphenol Content and Antioxidant Capacity of Aqueous Extracts from Eight Medicinal Plants from Reunion Island: Protection against Oxidative Stress in Red Blood Cells and Preadipocytes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9100959. [PMID: 33036442 PMCID: PMC7650546 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background—Medicinal plants are traditionally used as infusions or decoctions for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic and anti-diabetic properties. Purpose—The aim of the study was to define the polyphenol composition and to assess the antioxidant capacity of eight medicinal plants from Reunion Island referred to in the French Pharmacopeia, namely Aphloia theiformis, Ayapana triplinervis, Dodonaea viscosa, Hubertia ambavilla, Hypericum lanceolatum, Pelargonium x graveolens, Psiloxylon mauritianum and Syzygium cumini. Methods—Polyphenol content was assessed by biochemical assay and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Antioxidant capacity was assessed by measuring DPPH reduction and studying the protective effects of herbal preparation on red blood cells or preadipocytes exposed to oxidative stress. Results—Polyphenol content ranged from 25 to 143 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/L for infusions and 35 to 205 mg GAE/L for decoctions. Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry analysis showed the presence of major bioactive polyphenols, such as quercetin, chlorogenic acid, procyanidin and mangiferin. Antioxidant capacity assessed by different tests, including DPPH and Human red blood cell (RBC) hemolysis of herbal preparations, demonstrated a dose-dependent effect whatever the extraction procedure. Our data suggest that decoction slightly improved polyphenol extraction as well as antioxidant capacity relative to the infusion mode of extraction (DPPH test). However, infusions displayed a better protective effect against oxidative stress-induced RBC hemolysis. Conclusion—Traditional preparations of medicinal plant aqueous extracts (infusions and decoctions) display antioxidant properties that limit oxidative stress in preadipocytes and red blood cells, supporting their use in the context of metabolic disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloïse Checkouri
- INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothombose Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Université de La Réunion, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion, France; (E.C.); (C.R.-D.S.)
- Habemus Papam, Food Industry, 97470 Saint-Benoit, La Réunion, France;
| | - Franck Reignier
- Habemus Papam, Food Industry, 97470 Saint-Benoit, La Réunion, France;
| | - Christine Robert-Da Silva
- INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothombose Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Université de La Réunion, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion, France; (E.C.); (C.R.-D.S.)
| | - Olivier Meilhac
- INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothombose Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Université de La Réunion, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion, France; (E.C.); (C.R.-D.S.)
- CHU de La Réunion, CIC 1410, 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +262-0262-938-811
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Ciccone L, Nencetti S, Tonali N, Fruchart-Gaillard C, Shepard W, Nuti E, Camodeca C, Rossello A, Orlandini E. Monoaryl derivatives as transthyretin fibril formation inhibitors: Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and structural analysis. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115673. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Ciccone L, Shi C, di Lorenzo D, Van Baelen AC, Tonali N. The Positive Side of the Alzheimer's Disease Amyloid Cross-Interactions: The Case of the Aβ 1-42 Peptide with Tau, TTR, CysC, and ApoA1. Molecules 2020; 25:E2439. [PMID: 32456156 PMCID: PMC7288020 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents a progressive amyloidogenic disorder whose advancement is widely recognized to be connected to amyloid-β peptides and Tau aggregation. However, several other processes likely contribute to the development of AD and some of them might be related to protein-protein interactions. Amyloid aggregates usually contain not only single type of amyloid protein, but also other type of proteins and this phenomenon can be rationally explained by the process of protein cross-seeding and co-assembly. Amyloid cross-interaction is ubiquitous in amyloid fibril formation and so a better knowledge of the amyloid interactome could help to further understand the mechanisms of amyloid related diseases. In this review, we discuss about the cross-interactions of amyloid-β peptides, and in particular Aβ1-42, with other amyloids, which have been presented either as integrated part of Aβ neurotoxicity process (such as Tau) or conversely with a preventive role in AD pathogenesis by directly binding to Aβ (such as transthyretin, cystatin C and apolipoprotein A1). Particularly, we will focus on all the possible therapeutic strategies aiming to rescue the Aβ toxicity by taking inspiration from these protein-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Ciccone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Chenghui Shi
- CNRS, BioCIS, Université Paris-Saclay, rue Jean-Baptiste Clément 5, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France; (C.S.); (D.d.L.)
| | - Davide di Lorenzo
- CNRS, BioCIS, Université Paris-Saclay, rue Jean-Baptiste Clément 5, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France; (C.S.); (D.d.L.)
| | - Anne-Cécile Van Baelen
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), CEA, INRAE, Université Paris Saclay, SIMoS, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;
| | - Nicolo Tonali
- CNRS, BioCIS, Université Paris-Saclay, rue Jean-Baptiste Clément 5, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France; (C.S.); (D.d.L.)
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