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Rufino HVO, Franchini E, Forte LDM, da Silva TBO, Meireles CLS, Soares YM. Physiological and Perceptual Responses of a Guard Passing Test and a Simulated Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Combat: A Pilot Study. J Strength Cond Res 2024:00124278-990000000-00459. [PMID: 38900221 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Rufino, HVdO, Franchini, E, Forte, LDM, da Silva, TBO, Meireles, CLS, and Soares, YM. Physiological and perceptual responses of a guard passing test and a simulated Brazilian jiu-jitsu combat: a pilot study. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2024-Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) is a grappling combat sport characterized by high-intensity efforts during the scoring actions interspersed by low-intensity actions or pause during the referee stoppage. Therefore, understanding of the physiological response to a BJJ match and BJJ-specific test can contribute to both athletes testing and training prescription. Thus, the present study aimed to compare the physiological and perceptual responses to a guard passing test (GPT) and to a simulated BJJ combat (simulated combat [SC]). For that, 7 male BJJ athletes performed a BJJ SC and the GPT at different days at random order. GPT was composed by 6 sets of all-out guard passing movements. Heart rate, blood lactate concentration ([La]), and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured immediately after SC and after each set of GPT. RPE increased after sets 4, 5, and 6 compared with set 1, with no differences to SC (p < 0.001). In additionally, no differences were observed between [La] or heart rate after SC to GPT. Results suggests that GPT is an efficient training protocol that elicits similar physiological and perceptual responses to BJJ combat. Future studies should investigate GPT reliability and validity for performance assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hallisson V O Rufino
- Sports Training and Performance Study Group, Physical Education Department, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Emerson Franchini
- Martial Arts and Combat Sports Research Group, Sport Department, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and
| | - Lucas D M Forte
- Sports Training and Performance Study Group, Physical Education Department, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Thomás B O da Silva
- Sports Training and Performance Study Group, Physical Education Department, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Claudio L S Meireles
- Physical Education Department, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Ytalo M Soares
- Sports Training and Performance Study Group, Physical Education Department, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil
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Exploring the Relationship between Biological Maturation Level, Muscle Strength, and Muscle Power in Adolescents. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121722. [PMID: 36552232 PMCID: PMC9774382 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between adolescents’ biological maturation level and their muscle power, as well as their overall muscle strength. Overall, 691 adolescents (414 boys and 277 girls) aged 12.01−11.96 (measured for body mass, body height as well as vertical jump, muscle power, and muscle strength). There was a statistically significant difference in terms of average right and left grip strength, vertical jump, and power in the late maturation group. For the body height and vertical jump averages in male adolescents, it was observed that the body height and vertical jump averages in the late group were significantly lower than in the early and on-time maturation groups. For female adolescents’ chronological age, sitting height, body mass, BMI, left and right grip strength, and power averages were found to be significantly higher compared with the on-time group (p < 0.05). It was established that biological maturation has a substantial link with vertical jump height and power, as well as grip strength on the right and left hands.
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3
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Magno A, Andreato L, Honorato R, Del Vecchio F, Coswig V. Brazilian jiu-jitsu specific training model highly emulates simulated match demands. Sci Sports 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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4
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Silva Junior J, Penteado dos Santos R, Kons R, Gillis J, Caputo F, Detanico D. Relationship between a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu specific test performance and physical capacities in experience athletes. Sci Sports 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Finlay MJ, Greig M, Page RM, Bridge CA. The Acute Physiological, Endocrine, Biochemical and Performance Responses Associated with Amateur Boxing: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis. Eur J Sport Sci 2022; 23:774-788. [PMID: 35380916 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2022.2063072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPrevious research has explored the demands of amateur boxing-specific activity; however, no holistic review of the acute responses to such activity currently exists. This systematic review aimed to provide a synthesis of the available literature on the acute physiological, endocrine, biochemical and neuromuscular responses to amateur boxing-specific activity. Following a search of EBSCOhost, SportDiscus, PubMed and Google Scholar databases, 25 studies were identified as meeting the inclusion criteria for the review. Methodological quality of the included studies were assessed via a modified Downs and Black checklist. Random-effects meta-analysis of standardised mean differences (SMD) revealed large (SMD = 4.62) increases in pre-post blood lactate (BLa), cortisol (SMD = 1.33), myoglobin (Mb) (SMD = 1.43) and aspartate transaminase (AST) (SMD = 1.37), in addition to moderate increases in creatine kinase (CK) (SMD = 0.65) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (SMD = 0.97). Small pre-post increases in counter-movement jump (CMJ) height (SMD = 0.33) were observed. Consistently greater pre-post alterations were observed in competitive bouts, followed by sparring, when compared with boxing-specific simulations. Considerable physiological, endocrine and biochemical responses are elicited following amateur boxing. Interestingly, neuromuscular and task-specific performance may not deteriorate following boxing-specific activity. The findings of the review may assist in the designing and periodising of boxing-specific training, dependent on the desired physical adaptations, training phase and recovery status of the amateur boxer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell J Finlay
- Sports Injuries Research Group, Department. of Sport & Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, St Helens Road, Ormskirk, Lancashire, L39 4QP, United Kingdom
| | - Matt Greig
- Sports Injuries Research Group, Department. of Sport & Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, St Helens Road, Ormskirk, Lancashire, L39 4QP, United Kingdom
| | - Richard M Page
- Sports Injuries Research Group, Department. of Sport & Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, St Helens Road, Ormskirk, Lancashire, L39 4QP, United Kingdom
| | - Craig A Bridge
- Sports Injuries Research Group, Department. of Sport & Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, St Helens Road, Ormskirk, Lancashire, L39 4QP, United Kingdom
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Evaluating the Effect of the Combat Style Congruency on Performance and Fatigability in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu: A Pilot Study. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2022; 17:726-732. [DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2021-0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Brazilian jiu-jitsu is a martial art emphasizing ground combat with multiple ramifications to self-defense and military training. Some Brazilian jiu-jitsu athletes prefer fighting on their back (Guardadors), while others preferentially adopt a standing or kneeling position (Passadors). Whether the combat scenario leading to adopt a preferential or nonpreferential combat style influences the combat outcomes remains unexplored. Methods: In a counterbalanced design, 13 athletes performed simulated combats from either a congruent or incongruent scenario with regard to their preferred combat style. We collected combat scores from the official ranking system and measured upper- and lower-limb explosive performance before and after the combats, as well as the rating of perceived exertion and blood lactate concentrations to index fatigability. Results: Passadors had greater grip strength than Guardadors ( = .23, P = .03), whereas Guardadors showed higher lower-limb performance ( = .16, P = .05). When forced to combat as Passadors, Guardadors exhibited greater grip-strength impairment and a greater increase in perceived exertion ( = .12, P = .04; = .15, P = .05, respectively). They also had higher blood lactate concentrations ( = .19, P = .02). Conclusion: Guardadors exhibited greater fatigability after fighting from an incongruent combat situation compared to Passadors, presumably due to greater difficulties to adjust to the loss of initiative when restricted to a primarily defensive role. Future studies should examine how combat style congruency might affect performance and influence recovery strategies during high-level competitive events.
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da Silva Junior JN, Kons RL, de Lucas RD, Detanico D. Jiu-Jitsu-Specific Performance Test: Reliability Analysis and Construct Validity in Competitive Athletes. J Strength Cond Res 2022; 36:174-179. [PMID: 31800472 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT da Silva Junior, JN, Kons, RL, de Lucas, RD, and Detanico, D. Jiu-jitsu-specific performance test: Reliability analysis and construct validity in competitive athletes. J Strength Cond Res 36(1): 174-179, 2022-The aim of this study was twofold: to analyze the test-retest reliability and sensitivity of Jiu-Jitsu "anaerobic" performance test (JJAPT) variables, and to determine the construct validity of JJAPT by comparing groups of athletes with different levels and technical profiles. Sixty Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) athletes participated in this study. The reliability analysis was performed with all athletes and the construct validity was tested in the group comparisons-novice vs. advanced level and guard versus pass fighters. From the JJAPT, the number of repetitions, rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and average heart rate were assessed over the 5 sets. The test-retest reliability was assessed by absolute and relative analysis for each variable. The construct validity was tested by comparison means and the receiving operator characteristic (ROC) curve was used with the level of significance set at 5%. The main results demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability for all but the RPE in the first sets, with good sensitivity and agreement. The maximal number of repetitions in the JJAPT showed good construct validity, as it showed sensitivity to discriminate the performance between the advanced and novice BJJ athletes (p < 0.001, ROC curve area of 0.95). However, no significant difference was found between the technical profile groups (p > 0.05). We concluded that the JJAPT presents excellent performance reliability as a specific-sport test. In addition, the test presented evidence of construct validity, because it discriminated the performance between the advanced and novice BJJ athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge N da Silva Junior
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil ; and
| | - Rafael L Kons
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil ; and
| | - Ricardo D de Lucas
- Physical Effort Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daniele Detanico
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil ; and
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Dal Pupo J, Kons RL, Barth J, Ache-Dias J. Acute and delayed impairments of muscle function after a sprint training session performed at different exercise regimens. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-021-00755-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Andreato L, Leite A, Ladeia G, Follmer B, de Paula Ramos S, Coswig V, Andrade A, Branco B. Aerobic and anaerobic performance of lower- and upper-body in Brazilian jiu-jitsu athletes. Sci Sports 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Dal Pupo J, Kons RL, Gheller RG, Costa FE, Vecchia LD, Detanico D. Neuromuscular impairment after high-intensity running and vertical jump exercise protocols. ISOKINET EXERC SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.3233/ies-210129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Repetitive stretch-shortening cycle exercises generate high rates of mechanical work and consequently induce substantial muscular fatigue related to delayed neuromuscular functions. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the neuromuscular impairment after high-intensity exercise protocols involving different gravity loads in stretch-shortening cycle – running (RUN) and vertical jumps (VJ). METHODS: Twenty-two healthy men, divided into two groups, VJ and RUN participated in this study. The individuals performed a training session involving six bouts of 30 s of VJ or RUN. The isokinetic PM (PM) of the knee extensors and flexor muscles, rate of perceived exertion and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) were evaluated at pre, post, 24 h and 48 h post-training. RESULTS: The concentric and eccentric PM of the extensor in the RUN group was reduced until 24 h, while in the VJ a decrement was observed until 48 h. Following running, the PM of the flexors decreased until 48 h, while for VJ there was an eccentric PM decrement at 48 h. The DOMS increased at the anterior thigh and only after VJ training for 48 h. CONCLUSION: Acute and delayed neuromuscular impairment may be observed after both exercise regimens, but high-intensity training using vertical jumps seems to induce a more pronounced impairment than running.
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Øvretveit K, Laginestra FG. Mechanisms and Trainability of Peripheral Fatigue in Grappling. Strength Cond J 2021. [DOI: 10.1519/ssc.0000000000000594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Goulart MJÚVC, Pisamiglio DS, MÖller GB, Dani C, Alves FD, Bock PM, Schneider CD. Effects of grape juice consumption on muscle fatigue and oxidative stress in judo athletes: a randomized clinical trial. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2020; 92:e20191551. [PMID: 33237140 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020191551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Physiological levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important for intracellular and extracellular redox regulation in signaling and defense processes. Strenuous exercise can also contribute to this imbalance, and the muscle fatigue, evidenced by impaired strength or power generation, can be caused by various reasons, including oxidative stress. Antioxidants can prevent the formation of ROS by intercepting free radicals. Twenty judo athletes were included in this randomized, double-blind clinical trial into grape juice and placebo groups, and they consumed grape juice or placebo daily for 14 days in a crossover model. The outcomes were analyzed before and after combat simulations. The upper limb strength was higher in the grape juice group than in the placebo (p [group] = 0.003). The lipid damage levels were 10% higher in the placebo group (p [interaction] = 0.048). During the pre-exercise, the placebo group showed 19% more DNA damage than the grape juice group. The superoxide dismutase activity was 80% lower in the grape juice group (p [interaction] < 0.001). The consumption of grape juice can improve parameters of oxidative stress by reducing the lipid and DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria JÚlia V C Goulart
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniela S Pisamiglio
- Curso de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriella B MÖller
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline Dani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Acadêmico em Biociências e Reabilitação, Centro Universitário Metodista IPA, Rua Coronel Joaquim Pedro Salgado, 80, 90420-060 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda D Alves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Centro Universitário Ritter dos Reis/UNIRITTER, Rua Orfanotrófio, 555, 90840-444 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - PatrÍcia M Bock
- Instituto de Avaliação de Tecnologia em Saúde, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Faculdades Integradas de Taquara/FACCAT, Rua Oscar Martins Rangel, 4500, (ERS 115), 95612-150 Taquara, RS, Brazil
| | - ClÁudia D Schneider
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Follmer B, Ruas CV, Dellagrana RA, Pereira De Lima LA, Pinto RS, Diefenthaeler F. Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu fighters present greatest rapid and maximal strength imbalances at extreme elbow angles. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2020; 25:126-132. [PMID: 33714483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2020.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The performance of Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) fighters is dependent on rapid and maximal elbow strength actions. Appropriate strength balance between elbow flexors (F) and extensors (E) across the full joint range of motion may be required to decrease risk of injuries. AIM To compare rapid and maximal elbow F/E strength balance through full range of motion in BJJ fighters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-three male BJJ fighters (27.9 ± 4.6 years, 82.9 ± 10.9 kg, 174.5 ± 6.8 cm, and 15.3 ± 6.8% body fat) with 8.2 ± 6.5 years of practice volunteered to participate. Participants were tested for rate of torque development (RTD) and peak torque (PT) of elbow F and E at six angles (45°, 60°, 75°, 90°, 105°, and 120°; 0° = full extension). Rapid (F RTD/E RTD) and maximal (F PT/E PT) angle-specific torque (AST) ratios were calculated. RESULTS Rapid AST ratio at 45° (0.66 ± 0.18) and maximal AST ratio at 45° (0.91 ± 0.16) and 120° (0.88 ± 0.20) were significantly less than all other AST ratios at mid-point angles of elbow range of motion (p < 0.05). Individual data demonstrates that both beginners and advanced BJJ fighters present overall similar rapid and maximal F/E AST imbalances. CONCLUSION BJJ fighters present greater rapid and maximal strength imbalances at extreme-compared to mid-point angles of range of motion. Results may benefit coaches to develop strength exercises focusing on these specific angles to potentially reduce the risk of elbow injury and improve performance of BJJ fighters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Follmer
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Center of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; School of Exercise Science, Physical, and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada; Rehabilitation Neuroscience Laboratory, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
| | - Cassio Victora Ruas
- Centre for Exercise and Sports Science Research, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.
| | - Rodolfo Andre Dellagrana
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Center of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Luis Antonio Pereira De Lima
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Center of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Ronei Silveira Pinto
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Diefenthaeler
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Center of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Effect of carbohydrate supplementation on strength parameters during a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu simulated tournament. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-020-00665-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Øvretveit K. High-Intensity, Non-Sport-Specific Strength and Conditioning for Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Athletes: Theoretical and Practical Considerations. Strength Cond J 2020. [DOI: 10.1519/ssc.0000000000000542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Belo WR, Øvretveit K, De Salles BF, Dos Santos LG, Ribeiro FM, Dias IB, Simão R. The effects of straight and alternating sets on volume load, training efficiency, and metabolic response in grapplers. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2020; 60:713-719. [PMID: 32438787 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.20.10490-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of strength in Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) has inspired several recommendations of resistance training (RT) in BJJ athletes, yet little is known about their responses to different RT approaches. Thus, we aimed to investigate volume, efficiency, and fatigue responses in two popular RT protocols. METHODS In a randomized crossover design, 12 male BJJ athletes (mean age: 24.5±3.1 years; height: 175±5 cm; body mass: 77.1±12.9 kg; body fat: 14.3±5.7%; BMI: 24.8±3.0) completed two separate RT protocols consisting of the same exercises performed either as straight sets (TRAD) or alternating sets (AST) for three sets to failure with a previously established 10-repetition maximum (10RM) load. Maximal number of repetitions (MNR), training duration, volume load (VL), and training efficiency (TE = VL/time), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and blood lactate concentration (LAC) were assessed in each protocol. RESULTS MNR decreased steadily from first to last sets for all exercises, with no difference between protocols (P>0.05), resulting in the same VL. The shorter duration of AST resulted in increased TE (P<0.001), which was accompanied by higher RPE (P<0.001) and LAC (P<0.05), as well as higher session perceived load (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Given the role of VL as a driver of RT adaptations, both approaches may be suitable for improvements in strength and hypertrophy. The distinct differences in duration and metabolic response should be considered when implementing RT alongside regular sport training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley R Belo
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Physical Education Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Karsten Øvretveit
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway -
| | - Belmiro F De Salles
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Physical Education Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz G Dos Santos
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Physical Education Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabrício M Ribeiro
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Physical Education Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ingrid B Dias
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Physical Education Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Roberto Simão
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Physical Education Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Kons RL, Orssatto LB, Detanico D. Acute performance responses during repeated matches in combat sports: A systematic review. J Sci Med Sport 2020; 23:512-518. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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18
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Campos F, Molina Correa JC, Canevari VCM, Branco BHM, Andreato LV, de Paula Ramos S. Monitoring Internal Training Load, Stress-Recovery Responses, and Immune-Endocrine Parameters in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Training. J Strength Cond Res 2020; 36:723-731. [PMID: 31972820 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Campos, F, Molina Correa, JC, Canevari, VCM, Branco, BHM, Andreato, LV, and de Paula Ramos, S. Monitoring internal training load, stress-recovery responses, and immune-endocrine parameters in Brazilian jiu-jitsu training. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2020-This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between training loads, stress, and immune-endocrine markers during a precompetitive period in Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) athletes. For this, 12 athletes were submitted to 1 physical and 1 technical-tactical training session per day, 5 days a week, for 7 weeks. The saliva sampling and physical tests (countermovement jump [CMJ] and squat jump [SJ]) were performed before starting the training period (pre) and at the fourth week (4-week) and eighth week (post). Session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) and the Recovery-Stress Questionnaire-Sport (RESTQ) were applied, and the training load was calculated weekly. Repeated-measures analysis of variance and the Friedman test were used, with significance levels set at p < 0.05. Increased training loads were recorded by the sRPE method in technical-tactical training sessions (p < 0.05). Higher physical loads were reported by athletes during weeks 1-4, contributing to overall higher training load, monotony, and strain during this period (p < 0.05). Increased perception of stress, by the RESTQ, and cortisol were detected, whereas decreased salivary testosterone and salivary immunoglobulin A were observed at 4 weeks (p < 0.05). No significant differences were detected in CMJ and SJ tests, suggesting that training neither elicited significant fatigue and underperformance nor improved strength performance. However, decreasing physical training loads appeared to reduce symptoms of stress and improved recovery, favoring immune recovery and anabolic balance. Thus, the sRPE seems to be a reliable and simple method to monitor training loads in BJJ athletes because variation in values was related to the RESTQ and physiological responses to training loads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Campos
- Study Group in Tissue Regeneration, Adaptation and Repair, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil.,State University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | - Júlio C Molina Correa
- Study Group in Tissue Regeneration, Adaptation and Repair, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil.,State University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | - Vinicius C M Canevari
- Study Group in Tissue Regeneration, Adaptation and Repair, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | - Braulio H M Branco
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Promotion, University Center of Maringa, Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Leonardo V Andreato
- Sport and Exercise Psychology Laboratory (LAPE), State University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Solange de Paula Ramos
- Study Group in Tissue Regeneration, Adaptation and Repair, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil.,State University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
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19
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Isacco L, Degoutte F, Ennequin G, Pereira B, Thivel D, Filaire E. Rapid weight loss influences the physical, psychological and biological responses during a simulated competition in national judo athletes. Eur J Sport Sci 2019; 20:580-591. [PMID: 31418331 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2019.1657503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The effect of rapid energy restriction-induced weight loss on judo-related performance remains unclear, and there is a paucity of information regarding the influence of the fight successions during competition. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the cumulative effect of judo fights on physical performance, biological and psychological profiles, of national judo competitors with vs without rapid weight loss. After one month of weight maintenance (Baseline), 20 subjects were randomly divided into two groups the week before a simulated competition: (i) a Weight Loss group (WL; weight loss ≥ 3% of body mass); (ii) a Weight Stable group (WS). The simulated competition was composed of five fights (F1 to F5) separated by 30 min rest. Anthropometric assessments were performed at baseline and on the morning of the simulated competition (T0). Psychological, biological and physical assessments (maximal handgrip strength, upper limb anaerobic capacity) were performed at T0 and after each fight. The variation of body mass between baseline and T0 was significantly different between groups (+1.2% vs -3%; p < .01). The dimensions of the Profile of Mood State questionnaire, the rate of perceived exertion, ammonia, urea and free fatty acid concentrations, maximal strength and time sustained at maximal strength showed a significant group x time interaction at F4 and F5. The study shows that cumulative fights lead to uncoupled responses in physical, psychological and biological parameters in judo competitors who underwent or not rapid weight loss. Specific recovery strategies in terms of nutrition and active recovery should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Isacco
- EA3920 Prognostic Markers and Regulatory Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases and Exercise Performance Health Innovation (EPSI) platform, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comte, Besançon, France
| | - Fabrice Degoutte
- Laboratoire de Biologie Interuniversitaire des Activités Physiques et Sportives, Bat Biologie B, Aubière Cedex, France
| | - Gaël Ennequin
- Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P, EA 3533), CRNH Auvergne, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Biostatistics Unit (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P, EA 3533), CRNH Auvergne, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Edith Filaire
- UMR 1019 INRA-UCA, Human Nutrition Unit (UNH), University of Clermont-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Greentech SA, Biopole Clermont-Limagne, Saint-Beauzire, France
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20
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Orssatto LBDR, Detanico D, Kons RL, Sakugawa RL, da Silva JN, Diefenthaeler F. Photobiomodulation Therapy Does Not Attenuate Fatigue and Muscle Damage in Judo Athletes: A Randomized, Triple-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Front Physiol 2019; 10:811. [PMID: 31297066 PMCID: PMC6607399 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatigue and muscle damage negatively affect performance in lower limb exercises involving the stretch-shortening cycle in judo athletes during competition and training sessions. Photobiomodulation therapy has emerged as an effective non-invasive strategy to attenuate fatigue and muscle damage when applied before different types of exercises. Our objective was to investigate the effects of photobiomodulation therapy on fatigue and muscle damage in judo athletes. Sixteen judo athletes participated in the study (23.1 ± 3.8 years, 77.9 ± 14.9 kg, 173.1 ± 8.9 cm, 17.5 ± 7.3 body fat%, 12.9 ± 5.0 years of practice). Each participant received, in a randomized manner, photobiomodulation in one limb and placebo in the contralateral limb on the same day. Thereafter, subjects performed a stretch-shortening cycle protocol to induce muscle fatigue and damage. Countermovement jump (impulse, peak power, peak velocity, and peak force), echo intensity (rectus femoris and vastus lateralis), and muscle soreness were assessed at different time points before, during, immediately post, and 24 and 48 h after the protocol. Muscle fatigue was detected due to reductions in countermovement jump impulse (14.7 ± 9.8 and 15.9 ± 15.5%), peak power (12.9 ± 8.5 and 11.9 ± 6.9%), peak velocity (8.6 ± 8.1 and 6.5 ± 6.0%), and peak force (7.0 ± 5.3 and 8.0 ± 6.1%) after the protocol (p < 0.001), for placebo and photobiomodulation therapy, respectively. Muscle damage was detected due to reductions in countermovement jump impulse (−6.1 ± 19.2% and −4.5 ± 9.2%, p < 0.05), increases in echo intensity (rectus femoris, 21.0 ± 11.9 and 20.8 ± 9.0%; and vastus lateralis, 22.4 ± 23.2%; and 16.7 ± 23.8%; p < 0.001), and quadriceps muscle soreness (3.6 ± 1.6 and 3.5 ± 1.7 a.u; p < 0.011), 48 h after the protocol, for placebo and photobiomodulation therapy, respectively. No differences were observed between photobiomodulation therapy and placebo at any time points for any variables (p > 0.05), indicating no positive effect favoring photobiomodulation therapy. In conclusion, our findings suggest no effect of photobiomodulation therapy applied before exercise to reduce lower limb muscle fatigue and damage during and following a stretch-shortening cycle protocol in judo athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Bet da Rosa Orssatto
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Daniele Detanico
- Laboratório de Biomecânica, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Rafael Lima Kons
- Laboratório de Biomecânica, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Raphael Luiz Sakugawa
- Laboratório de Biomecânica, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Jorge Nelson da Silva
- Laboratório de Biomecânica, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Fernando Diefenthaeler
- Laboratório de Biomecânica, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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21
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Øvretveit K, Tøien T. Maximal Strength Training Improves Strength Performance in Grapplers. J Strength Cond Res 2019; 32:3326-3332. [PMID: 30247275 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Øvretveit, K and Tøien, T. Maximal strength training improves strength performance in grapplers. J Strength Cond Res 32(12): 3326-3332, 2018-The aim of this study was to assess the short-term effects of maximal strength training (MST) as an accessory to grappling training on strength performance in competitive Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) athletes. Fourteen male BJJ athletes underwent measurements of 1 repetition maximum (1RM) in the squat and bench press, rate of force development (RFD) and peak force (PF) in the squat jump, countermovement jump (CMJ) height, and muscular endurance in pull-ups, sit-ups, and push-ups. After baseline measurements, subjects were randomly allocated to either an MST group or control group (CON). The MST intervention consisted of 4 × 4 repetitions at ≥ 85% of 1RM in the squat and bench press, and 4 sets of pull-ups to failure, performed 3× per week. Both groups were instructed to maintain their BJJ training and avoid additional strength training. Maximal strength training improved 1RM in the squat and bench press by 15 ± 9% (p = 0.02) and 11 ± 3% (p = 0.03), respectively, and CMJ height by 9 ± 7% (p = 0.04). Muscular endurance performance increased by 33 ± 33% in pull-ups (p = 0.03), 32 ± 12% in push-ups (p = 0.03), and 13 ± 13% in sit-ups (p = 0.03). Increases in RFD (35 ± 55%, p = 0.13) and PF (8 ± 9%, p = 0.09) did not reach significance. No improvements were apparent from BJJ training alone (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that MST is a potent approach to rapid improvements in maximal strength, power, and muscular endurance in active grapplers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Øvretveit
- Department of Sociology and Political Science, Faculty of Social and Educational Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tiril Tøien
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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22
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Performance, rating of perceived exertion and physiological responses during a Brazilian jiu-jitsu match: comparisons between winning and losing athletes. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-019-00528-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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23
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Temponi EF, Saithna A, de Carvalho LH, Teixeira BP, Sonnery-Cottet B. Nonoperative Treatment for Partial Ruptures of the Lateral Collateral Ligament Occurring in Combination With Complete Ruptures of the Anterolateral Ligament: A Common Injury Pattern in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Athletes With Acute Knee Injury. Orthop J Sports Med 2019; 7:2325967118822450. [PMID: 30719481 PMCID: PMC6348520 DOI: 10.1177/2325967118822450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Combined partial lateral collateral and complete anterolateral ligament
(PLCCALL) injuries are a specific injury pattern seen in Brazilian jiu-jitsu
(BJJ) because of the knee varus-flexion mechanism that frequently occurs
during grappling. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of this injury
pattern in a series of BJJ athletes with an acute knee injury and to
evaluate clinical and functional outcomes after nonoperative management at a
minimum follow-up of 1 year. Our hypotheses were that PLCCALL injuries are
common in BJJ and that nonoperative treatment is associated with excellent
clinical outcomes and return to the preinjury level of sport. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: All BJJ athletes who presented with an acute knee injury between July 2013
and June 2017 and who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the knee
were included. A specific emphasis was placed on identifying those whose
imaging demonstrated PLCCALL injury. Clinical evaluation included physical
examination as well as Lysholm and International Knee Documentation
Committee (IKDC) scores. Results: Of the 27 patients analyzed, 7 (25.9%) had MRI-proven PLCCALL injuries. The
mean follow-up after nonoperative management was 41.3 months. The mean IKDC
and Lysholm scores were 94 and 92 before the injury, 26 and 36 at the
initial assessment after the injury, and 83 and 78 at 12-month follow-up,
respectively (P < .00001). All 7 patients had returned
to their preinjury level of sports by the 12-month follow-up. The mean time
between injury and return to competition level was 4.7 months (range, 4-6
months). Conclusion: PLCCALL injury is a specific but infrequent injury pattern in BJJ. The
prognosis of this injury after nonoperative treatment appears to be
excellent. Improved functional scores (IKDC and Lysholm) and changes on MRI
demonstrated that the anterolateral ligament has intrinsic healing
potential, as the images showed complete healing of the previously
documented rupture of the anterolateral ligament from its proximal
attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adnan Saithna
- Renacres Hospital, Ormskirk, Lancashire, UK.,School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Campus, East Midlands, UK
| | | | | | - Bertrand Sonnery-Cottet
- Centre Orthopedic Santy, FIFA Medical Center of Excellence, Ramsay-Générale de Santé, Hôpital Privé Jean Mermoz, Lyon, France
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24
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Photobiomodulation therapy is beneficial in reducing muscle fatigue in Brazilian jiu-jitsu athletes and physically active men. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-018-0495-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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25
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Kons RL, Pupo JD, Ache-Dias J, Garcia T, da Silva RR, Katicips LFG, Detanico D. Effect of official judo matches on handgrip strength and perceptual responses. J Exerc Rehabil 2018; 14:93-99. [PMID: 29511658 PMCID: PMC5833974 DOI: 10.12965/jer.1835156.578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to verify the effect of judo matches on handgrip strength and perceptual responses during an official tournament in medalists and nonmedalists. Thirty-four male judo athletes participated in an official judo tournament. Before the first match and immediately after each match, maximum isometric handgrip strength and rate of perceived exertion overall and in specific areas were assessed. Analysis of variance for repeated measures was used to compare variables before the first match and after each match, and t-test was used to compare medalists and nonmedalists with the level of significance set at 5%. Also, effect size (ES) analysis was used. The results showed decrease in handgrip strength in both hands from the third match (P<0.05). The rate of perceived exertion (RPE) increased from the first match and remained high over the subsequent matches (P<0.001). A very large effect for nonmedalist group (ES=3.44) and large effect for medalist group (ES=1.94) was found in the third match compared to prematch. Forearm and fingers were the body regions most cited by athletes in both groups. We concluded that an official judo competition induced significant drop in handgrip strength from the third match and increased the RPE from first match. Medalists seem to have better recovery after the third match compared to nonmedalists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Lima Kons
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Juliano Dal Pupo
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Thyago Garcia
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | | | - Daniele Detanico
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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26
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Andreato LV, Lara FJD, Andrade A, Branco BHM. Physical and Physiological Profiles of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Athletes: a Systematic Review. SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN 2017; 3:9. [PMID: 28194734 PMCID: PMC5306420 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-016-0069-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Brazilian jiu-jitsu is a grappling combat sport that has intermittency as its core element; in other words, actions of high, moderate and low intensity are interspersed during matches, requiring a high level of conditioning to support optimal levels of performance for the total match time. The athletes perform from four to six matches during a day of competition, and this number may increase if the open-class competition, which is held parallel to the competition by weight class, is considered. This systematic review examined the physical and physiological profiles of Brazilian jiu-jitsu athletes. Methods Only scientific researches dealing with the major fitness components of Brazilian jiu-jitsu athletes (i.e. body composition and somatotype, aerobic and anaerobic profiles, muscular strength and power) and using accepted methods that provided relevant practical applications for a Brazilian jiu-jitsu athlete’s fitness training and/or performance were included in the current review. A computer literature search was carried out of the PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, SportDiscus and Scopus databases (up to January 2016). Results The database research generated 205 articles. After the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 58 studies were included for the present systematic review. A total of 1496 subjects were involved in all the selected investigations. Conclusions Body fat is generally low for these athletes and the mesomorphic component is predominant. The different studies showed VO2max values between 42 and 52 mL/kg/min, and it seems that aerobic fitness does not discriminate among Brazilian jiu-jitsu athletes of different competitive levels. There is a lack of scientific studies that have investigated anaerobic responses both in lower and upper limbs. Maximal dynamic, isometric and endurance strength can be associated with sporting success in Brazilian jiu-jitsu athletes. Although decisive actions during Brazilian jiu-jitsu matches are mainly dependent on muscular power, more specific studies are necessary to describe it. Studies involving the female sex should be conducted. In addition, further research is needed to analyse whether there are differences between sex, belt ranks and competitive level, and among the different weight categories for different variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Vidal Andreato
- Sciences Center of Health and Sport, State University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil.
| | | | - Alexandro Andrade
- Sciences Center of Health and Sport, State University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - Braulio Henrique Magnani Branco
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,University Center of Maringa - UNICESUMAR, Maringa, Parana, Brazil
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