1
|
Xu DD, Liu C, Li CY, Song CY, Kang YF, Qi CB, Lin Y, Pang DW, Tang HW. Dual Amplification Fluorescence Assay for Alpha Fetal Protein Utilizing Immunohybridization Chain Reaction and Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence of Carbon Nanodots. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:37606-37614. [PMID: 28994579 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b11659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging fascinating fluorescent nanomaterial, carbon nanodots (CDs) have attracted much attention owing of their unique properties such as small size, antiphotobleaching, and biocompatibility. However, its use in biomedical analysis is limited because of its low quantum yield. Herein, we constructed a dual amplification fluorescence sensor by incorporating immunohybridization chain reaction (immuno-HCR) and metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) of CDs for the detection of alpha fetal protein (AFP). The immunoplasmonic slide and detection antibodies-conjugated oligonucleotide initiator are served to capture and probe AFP molecules, respectively. Then, CD-tagged hairpin nucleic acids were introduced to trigger the HCR, in which the hairpin nucleic acid and oligonucleotide initiator are complementary. The interaction between CDs and the gold nanoisland film greatly improves the radiative decay rate, increases the quantum yield, and enhances the fluorescence emission of the CDs. Furthermore, the HCR provides secondary amplification of fluorescence intensity. Therefore, the MEF-capable immunohybridization reactions provide obvious advantages and result in exceptional sensitivity. In addition, the sandwich immunoassay method offers high specificity. The results show a wide linearity between the fluorescence intensity and AFP concentration over 5 orders of magnitude (0.0005-5 ng/mL), and the detection limit reaches as low as 94.3 fg/mL. This method offers advantages of high sensitivity and reliability, wide detection range, and versatile plasmonic chips, thus presenting an alternative for the technologies in biomedical analysis and clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dang-Dang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong-Yang Song
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Feng Kang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Chu-Bo Qi
- Hubei Cancer Hospital , Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Dai-Wen Pang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Wu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mizejewski GJ. Physiology of Alpha-Fetoprotein as a Biomarker for Perinatal Distress: Relevance to Adverse Pregnancy Outcome. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 232:993-1004. [PMID: 17720945 DOI: 10.3181/0612-mr-291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The many physiologic roles of human alpha-fetoprotein (HAFP) and its correlation with perinatal distress/pregnancy outcome are rarely addressed together in the biomedical literature, even though HAFP has long been used as a biomarker for fetal birth defects. Although the well being of the fetus can be monitored by the measurement of gestational age–dependent HAFP in biologic fluid levels (serum, amniotic fluid, urine, and vaginal fluids) throughout pregnancy, the majority of clinical reports reflect largely second trimester and (less likely) first trimester testing due to regulatory clinical restrictions. However, reports of third-trimester and pregnancy term measurement of HAFP levels performed in clinical research and/or investigational settings have gradually increased over the years and have expanded our base knowledge of AFP-associated pregnancy disorders during these stages. The different structural forms of HAFP (isoforms, epitopes, molecular variants, etc.) detected in the various biologic fluid compartments have been limited by antibody recognition of specific epitopic sites developed by the kit manufacturers based on antibody specificity, sensitivity, and precision. Concomitantly, the advances in elucidating the various biologic actions of AFP are opening new vistas toward understanding the physiologic roles of AFP during pregnancy. The present review surveys HAFP as a biomarker for fetal distress during the perinatal period in view of its structural and functional properties. An attempt is then made to relate the AFP fluid levels to adverse pregnancy complications and outcomes. Hence, the present review was divided into two major sections: (I) AFP structure and function considerations and (II) the relationship of AFP levels to the distressed fetus during the third trimester and at term.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerald J Mizejewski
- The Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Alvarez-Nava F, Soto M, Lanes R, Pons H, Morales-Machin A, Bracho A. Elevated second-trimester maternal serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin and amniotic fluid alpha-fetoprotein as indicators of adverse obstetric outcomes in fetal Turner syndrome. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2015; 41:1891-8. [PMID: 26369382 DOI: 10.1111/jog.12813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM The objective of this study was to determine the ability of biochemical analytes to identify adverse outcomes in pregnancies with Turner syndrome. METHODS Maternal serum and amniotic fluid (AF) marker concentrations were measured in 73 singleton pregnancies with Turner syndrome (10-22 weeks of gestation). Fetal Turner syndrome was definitively established by cytogenetic analysis. Two subgroups, fetuses with hydrops fetalis versus fetuses with cystic hygroma, were compared. Receiver operating characteristic curves and relative risk were established for a cut-off multiples of the median ≥3.5 for β-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) or AF alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). RESULTS Forty-nine (67%) of 73 pregnant women had an abnormal maternal serum. While levels of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A and free β-subunit (fβ)-hCG were not different to those of the control group, AFP, unconjugated estriol and β-hCG concentrations were significantly different in the study group (P < 0.05), when compared to those of unaffected pregnancies. Levels of β-hCG in pregnancies with hydrops fetalis were significantly higher than in those with cystic hygroma (P <0.0001), as were AF-AFP concentrations (P <0.0015). In addition, abnormalities in both maternal serum β-hCG and AF-AFP predicted fetal death. The relative risk of adverse obstetric outcome was 10.667 (P = 0.0004; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.554-73.203) for β-hCG and 2.19 (P = 0.0256; 95% CI: 1.001 to 4.779), for AF-AFP. CONCLUSION Maternal serum β-hCG and AF-AFP levels may preferentially identify those Turner syndrome pregnancies with the highest risk of fetal death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marisol Soto
- Instituto de Investigaciones Genéticas, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Roberto Lanes
- Unidad de Endocrinología Pediátrica, Hospital de Clínicas Caracas, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Hector Pons
- Centro de Medicina Experimental, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | | | - Ana Bracho
- Instituto de Investigaciones Genéticas, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Polivka B, Merideth KL. Sonographic Prenatal Diagnosis of Turner Syndrome. JOURNAL OF DIAGNOSTIC MEDICAL SONOGRAPHY 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/8756479314555222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Turner syndrome is the most common sex chromosome abnormality in female fetuses, in which all or part of one of the X chromosomes is absent or has some other abnormality. The syndrome has a number of characteristic sonographic findings such as diffuse fetal edema, cystic hygroma with septations, renal and cardiac anomalies, increased nuchal translucency, and growth retardation. A case is presented of Turner syndrome diagnosed by cytogenic testing after a number of anatomic anomalies, including diffuse edema, cystic hygroma and growth retardation, were found by sonography.
Collapse
|
5
|
Tongprasert F, Srisupundit K, Luewan S, Tongsong T. Second trimester maternal serum markers and a predictive model for predicting fetal hemoglobin Bart’s disease. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2012; 26:146-9. [DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2012.730583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
6
|
Lee YJ, Lee SW. Regression of hepatocarcinoma cells using RNA aptamer specific to alpha-fetoprotein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 417:521-7. [PMID: 22166203 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.11.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a cancer-associated fetal protein and has long been utilized as a serum fetal defect/tumor marker to monitor distress/disease progression. In addition, AFP is closely associated with the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma. Thus, direct targeting of AFP has been recommended for a therapeutic strategy against hepatocellular carcinoma. In this study, we developed and characterized an RNA aptamer that specifically bound to the alpha-fetoprotein using SELEX technology. The aptamer interacted with the AFP with a K(D) of ∼33 nM. Importantly, the identified aptamer specifically and efficiently inhibited the AFP-mediated proliferation of hepatocarcinoma cells in a dose dependent manner. Moreover, the aptamer efficiently down-regulated AFP-induced expression of oncogenes in the cells. These results indicate that an AFP-specific RNA aptamer could be a useful therapeutic and diagnostic agent against AFP-related hepatocellular carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Ju Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Nanosensor and Biotechnology, Dankook University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sermondade N, Dreux S, Oury JF, Muller F. Second-trimester maternal serum screening for Down syndrome in twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. Prenat Diagn 2009; 29:814-5. [PMID: 19418465 DOI: 10.1002/pd.2285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
8
|
Park IY, Jo YS, Shin JC, Sung IK, Kim M. De novo 7q deletion with a positive maternal serum triple test screening. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2008; 34:85-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.2007.00705.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
9
|
Breathnach FM, Malone FD, Lambert-Messerlian G, Cuckle HS, Porter TF, Nyberg DA, Comstock CH, Saade GR, Berkowitz RL, Klugman S, Dugoff L, Craigo SD, Timor-Tritsch IE, Carr SR, Wolfe HM, Tripp T, Bianchi DW, D'Alton ME. First- and second-trimester screening: detection of aneuploidies other than Down syndrome. Obstet Gynecol 2007; 110:651-7. [PMID: 17766613 DOI: 10.1097/01.aog.0000278570.76392.a6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the performance of first- and second-trimester screening methods for the detection of aneuploidies other than Down syndrome. METHODS Patients with singleton pregnancies at 10 weeks 3 days through 13 weeks 6 days of gestation were recruited at 15 U.S. centers. All patients had a first-trimester nuchal translucency scan, and those without cystic hygroma had a combined test (nuchal translucency, pregnancy-associated plasma protein A, and free beta-hCG) and returned at 15-18 weeks for a second-trimester quadruple screen (serum alpha-fetoprotein, total hCG, unconjugated estriol, and inhibin-A). Risk cutoff levels of 1:300 for Down syndrome and 1:100 for trisomy 18 were selected. RESULTS Thirty-six thousand one hundred seventy-one patients completed first-trimester screening, and 35,236 completed second-trimester screening. There were 77 cases of non-Down syndrome aneuploidies identified in this population; 41 were positive for a cystic hygroma in the first trimester, and a further 36 had a combined test, of whom 29 proceeded to quadruple screening. First-trimester screening, by cystic hygroma determination or combined screening had a 78% detection rate for all non-Down syndrome aneuploidies, with an overall false-positive rate of 6.0%. Sixty-nine percent of non-Down syndrome aneuploidies were identified as screen-positive by the second-trimester quadruple screen, at a false-positive rate of 8.9%. In the combined test, the use of trisomy 18 risks did not detect any additional non-Down syndrome aneuploidies compared with the Down syndrome risk alone. In second-trimester quadruple screening, a trisomy 18-specific algorithm detected an additional 41% non-Down syndrome aneuploidies not detected using the Down syndrome algorithm. CONCLUSION First-trimester Down syndrome screening protocols can detect the majority of cases of non-Down aneuploidies. Addition of a trisomy 18-specific risk algorithm in the second trimester achieves high detection rates for aneuploidies other than Down syndrome. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II.
Collapse
|