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Romero-Bolaño YM, Bobadilla-Morales L, Corona-Rivera A, Cuero-Quezada I, Santana-Hernández J, Peña-Padilla C, Brukman-Jiménez A, Orozco-Vela M, Navia-Espinoza N, Corona-Rivera JR. MTHFR 677C>T and 1298A>C Variants in Mothers of Infants with Down Syndrome from Western Mexico. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2024; 28:263-266. [PMID: 38717090 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2023.0690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Several studies in mothers of infants with Down syndrome (DS) (MoIDS) have suggested that the 677C>T and 1298A>C variants of the 5,10-methylentetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene can increase the risk of having a child with DS. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the MTHFR 677C>T and 1298A>C variants as potential maternal risk factors for DS. Materials and Methods: Using TaqMan allelic discrimination assay, we genotyped 95 MoIDS and 164 control mothers from western Mexico. Data were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. Results: We found that MoIDS had a significantly higher risk for the MTHFR 677TT genotype (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.4, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.1-10.6), and the MTHFR 677T allele (aOR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.0-2.3), particularly in MoIDS <35 years of age. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the presence of the 677TT genotype and 677T allele of the MTHFR 677C>T variant are maternal risk factors for DS in Mexican MoIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaneris Maibeth Romero-Bolaño
- Center for Registry and Research in Congenital Anomalies (CRIAC), Service of Genetics and Cytogenetics Unit, Pediatrics Division, 'Dr. Juan I. Menchaca' Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Lucina Bobadilla-Morales
- Center for Registry and Research in Congenital Anomalies (CRIAC), Service of Genetics and Cytogenetics Unit, Pediatrics Division, 'Dr. Juan I. Menchaca' Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Dr. Enrique Corona-Rivera' Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Corona-Rivera
- Center for Registry and Research in Congenital Anomalies (CRIAC), Service of Genetics and Cytogenetics Unit, Pediatrics Division, 'Dr. Juan I. Menchaca' Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Dr. Enrique Corona-Rivera' Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Idalid Cuero-Quezada
- Dr. Enrique Corona-Rivera' Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Jennifer Santana-Hernández
- Dr. Enrique Corona-Rivera' Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Christian Peña-Padilla
- Center for Registry and Research in Congenital Anomalies (CRIAC), Service of Genetics and Cytogenetics Unit, Pediatrics Division, 'Dr. Juan I. Menchaca' Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Brukman-Jiménez
- Center for Registry and Research in Congenital Anomalies (CRIAC), Service of Genetics and Cytogenetics Unit, Pediatrics Division, 'Dr. Juan I. Menchaca' Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Mireya Orozco-Vela
- Center for Registry and Research in Congenital Anomalies (CRIAC), Service of Genetics and Cytogenetics Unit, Pediatrics Division, 'Dr. Juan I. Menchaca' Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Natalia Navia-Espinoza
- Center for Registry and Research in Congenital Anomalies (CRIAC), Service of Genetics and Cytogenetics Unit, Pediatrics Division, 'Dr. Juan I. Menchaca' Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Jorge Román Corona-Rivera
- Center for Registry and Research in Congenital Anomalies (CRIAC), Service of Genetics and Cytogenetics Unit, Pediatrics Division, 'Dr. Juan I. Menchaca' Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Dr. Enrique Corona-Rivera' Institute of Human Genetics, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
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Qiu S, Jin L, Yang D, Zhang D. MTHFR and MTRR gene polymorphisms in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infections in Zigong, Sichuan Province. Ann Hum Biol 2024; 51:2330926. [PMID: 38634541 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2024.2330926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a severe disease affecting the physical and economic well-being of patients. The relationship between polymorphisms in the MTHFR gene and disease progression following HBV infection remains a controversial topic. AIM To study MTHFR and MTRR gene polymorphisms in patients with chronic HBV infections in Zigong, Sichuan Province. SUBJECTS AND METHODS One hundred and ninety-one patients with chronic HBV infections were divided into three groups: the chronic hepatitis B (CHB) group (n = 71), the hepatitis B-induced liver cirrhosis (LC) group (n = 56), and the hepatitis B-related primary liver cancer (PLC) group (n = 64). The gene polymorphisms were detected using the PCR-melt curve method and analysed. RESULTS The distributions of MTHFR C677T (CC: 41.2% vs. 41.8%; CT: 50% vs. 45.5%; TT: 8.8% vs. 12.7%; p = 0.714), MTHFR A1298C (AA: 70.6% vs. 72.7%; AC: 26.5% vs. 25.5%; CC: 2.9% vs. 1.8%; p = 1.000), and MTRR A66G (AA: 58.1% vs. 65.5%; AG: 39.0% vs. 29.1%; 2.9% vs. 5.5%; p = 0.353) genetic polymorphisms did not vary between male and female patients from Zigong. In addition, there were no differences in the distributions of MTHFR C677T (CC: 43.4% vs. 38.8%; CT: 49.1% vs. 48.2%; TT: 7.5% vs. 12.9%; p = 0.444), MTHFR A1298C (AA: 76.4% vs. 64.7%; AC: 20.8% vs. 32.9%; CC: 2.8% vs. 2.4%; p = 0.155), and MTRR A66G (AA: 62.3% vs. 57.6%; AG: 34.0% vs. 38.8%; 3.8% vs. 3.5%; p = 0.353) genetic polymorphisms between the patients <60 and >60 years of age. The distributions of MTHFR C677T (CHB vs. LC, p = 0.888; CHB vs. PLC, p = 0.661; PLC vs. LC, p = 0.926), MTHFR A1298C (CHB vs. LC, p = 0.12; CHB vs. PLC, p = 0.263; PLC vs. LC, p = 0.550), and MTRR A66G (CHB vs. LC, p = 0.955; CHB vs. PLC, p = 0.645; PLC vs. LC, p = 0.355) gene polymorphisms were comparable between the CHB, LC, and PLC groups. CONCLUSION The distributions of MTHFR and MRRR genetic polymorphisms in the population with HBV infections in Zigong, Sichuan Province did not differ in age and sex. The MTHFR and MRRR genetic polymorphisms were comparable between the CHB, LC, and PLC groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunhua Qiu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zigong Third People's Hospital, Zigong City, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Lifen Jin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Zigong Third People's Hospital, Zigong City, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zigong Third People's Hospital, Zigong City, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Dewen Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zigong Third People's Hospital, Zigong City, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
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Ginani CTA, da Luz JRD, de Medeiros KS, Sarmento ACA, Coppedè F, das Graças Almeida M. Association of C677T and A1298C polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene with maternal risk for Down syndrome: A meta-analysis of case-control studies. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2023; 792:108470. [PMID: 37689109 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2023.108470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies around the world support the hypothesis that genetic polymorphisms involved in folate metabolism could be related to the maternal risk for Down syndrome (DS). Most of them investigated the role of MTHFR C677T and/or A1298C polymorphisms as maternal risk factors for DS, but their results are often conflicting and still inconclusive. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the association of MTHFR C677T and/or A1298C polymorphisms with the maternal risk of DS. Our search strategy selected 42 eligible case control studies for a total of 4131 case mothers and 5452 control mothers. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the selected studies. To assess the confidence of statistically significant associations we applied false positive report probability test, and we performed the trial sequential analysis to minimize the type I error and random error. RESULTS We observed significant associations between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and maternal risk for DS for each of the genetic models investigated (dominant, recessive, codominant, and allelic contrast). Subgroup analysis by region revelated significant association in the Asian population for all the genetic models investigated. Significant associations were also found for certain genetic models in North American, South American, and Middle Eastern populations, while no association was observed in Europeans. The MTHFR A1298C polymorphism did not show any association with the maternal risk of DS, either alone or in combination with the C677T one. The results of false positive report probability to verify the confidence of a significant association suggest that the association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and the maternal risk for DS is noteworthy, with high confidence in Asians. CONCLUSION The results of this meta-analysis support that the MTHFR C677T polymorphism, but not the A1298C one, is associated with the maternal risk for DS. Further studies are required to better characterize the contribution of gene-gene and gene-nutrient interactions as well as those of other regional or ethnic factors that could explain the observed different effect size in different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Talita Azevedo Ginani
- Post-graduation Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Health Sciences Center, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, DACT, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Romáryo Duarte da Luz
- Organic Chemistry and biochemistry Laboratory, State University of Amapá (UEAP), Macapá, Brazil; Institute of Education, Research and Innovation of the League Against Cancer, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Kleyton Santos de Medeiros
- Institute of Education, Research and Innovation of the League against Cancer, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Ayane Cristine Alves Sarmento
- Post-graduation Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Health Sciences Center, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Fabio Coppedè
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center of Biology and Pathology of Aging, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Maria das Graças Almeida
- Post-graduation Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Health Sciences Center, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, DACT, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
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Kaur A, Kaur A. Role of folate metabolizing genes and homocysteine in mothers of Down syndrome children. Tzu Chi Med J 2022; 34:456-461. [PMID: 36578639 PMCID: PMC9791858 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_258_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Folates are essential nutrients required for the synthesis of DNA/RNA in cell division and segregation. Folates are reduced and methylated in the liver with the help of enzymes such as methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), MTR MTRR, reduced folate carrier 1, and cystathionine-β-synthase. Variants in the genes encoding these enzymes may lead to hypomethylation, resulting in nondisjunction which in turn increases the risk for Down syndrome (DS). The present study was conducted to genotype these genes and to see their association with homocysteine levels. Materials and Methods A total of 213 mothers having DS children and 220 mothers having normal children were enrolled in the study. Genomic DNA was isolated from lymphocytes followed by polymerase chain reaction/Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism for genotyping. Homocysteine levels were checked by chemoassay utilizing coumarin-based fluorescent probe. Results Genotypic frequency of MTHFR 1298 A > C polymorphism was significantly different among cases and controls (χ 2 = 5.83, P = 0.01), presence of C instead of A allele provided protection against DS in mothers (odds ratios = 0.57, 95% confidence interval = 0.35-0.91, P = 0.01). Higher levels of homocysteine were independently associated with the risk of having DS child (P = 0.0001). Conclusion Homocysteine acted as an independent risk factor in the present study and was not associated with folate metabolizing gene variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Anupam Kaur
- Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Anupam Kaur, Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar - 143 005, Punjab, India. E-mail:
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Ginani CTA, da Luz JRD, Silva SVE, Coppedè F, Almeida MDG. Association between MTHFR C677T and A1298C gene polymorphisms and maternal risk for Down syndrome: A protocol for systematic review and/or meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e28293. [PMID: 35060496 PMCID: PMC8772651 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Down syndrome (DS) is one of the most common chromosomal abnormalities among live-born babies and one of the best-known intellectual disability disorders in humans. Errors leading to trisomy 21 are primarily arising from defects in chromosomal segregation during maternal meiosis (about 88% of cases), and the focus of many investigations has been to identify maternal risk factors favoring chromosome 21 malsegregation during oogenesis. Maternal polymorphisms of genes required for folate metabolism are the most investigated risk factors for the birth of children with DS. Through this review, we sought to investigate the association of the polymorphisms "C677T" and "A1298C" of the MTHFR gene with maternal risk for DS. METHODS We will use the databases PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science to search for case-control studies published from 1999 up to September 2021 without language restriction. Results will be presented as relative risks and 95% confidence intervals for dichotomous outcomes and mean differences, or standardized mean differences along with 95% confidence intervals, for continuous outcomes. The all data synthesis will be analyzed on the Review Manager 5.2 version software. RESULTS This study will be able to clarify all the doubts we seek and that it will be able to provide accurate data that will be able to describe how these polymorphisms can act to increase the predisposition for the birth of children with DS in different populations and under different dietary conditions. CONCLUSIONS This study will clarify the relationship between C677T and A1298C polymorphisms MTHFR gene with increased the maternal risk for Down syndrome. REGISTRATION This systematic review and meta-analysis protocol has been registered on the Prospective Registry of International Systematic Review and Meta-analyses: CRD42021269338.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Talita Azevedo Ginani
- Post-graduation Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Health Sciences Center, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, DACT, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Romáryo Duarte da Luz
- Post-graduation Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Health Sciences Center, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, DACT, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Saulo Victor e Silva
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, DACT, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Post-graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Fabio Coppedè
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria das Graças Almeida
- Post-graduation Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Health Sciences Center, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, DACT, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Post-graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
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Trends and influencing factors of plasma folate levels in Chinese women at mid-pregnancy, late pregnancy and lactation periods. Br J Nutr 2021; 126:885-891. [PMID: 33256875 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520004821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Folate status for women during early pregnancy has been investigated, but data for women during mid-pregnancy, late pregnancy or lactation are sparse or lacking. Between May and July 2014, we conducted a cross-sectional study in 1211 pregnant and lactating women from three representative regions in China. Approximately 135 women were enrolled in each stratum by physiological periods (mid-pregnancy, late pregnancy or lactation) and regions (south, central or north). Plasma folate concentrations were measured by microbiological assay. The adjusted medians of folate concentration decreased from 28·8 (interquartile range (IQR) 19·9, 38·2) nmol/l in mid-pregnancy to 18·6 (IQR 13·2, 26·4) nmol/l in late pregnancy, and to 17·0 (IQR 12·3, 22·5) nmol/l in lactation (Pfor trend < 0·001). Overall, lower folate concentrations were more likely to be observed in women residing in the northern region, with younger age, higher pre-pregnancy BMI, lower education or multiparity, and in lactating women who had undergone a Caesarean delivery or who were breastfeeding exclusively. In total, 380 (31·4 %) women had a suboptimal folate status (folate concentration <13·5 nmol/l). Women in late pregnancy and lactating, residing in the northern region, having multiparity and low education level had a higher risk of suboptimal folate status, while those with older age had a lower risk. In conclusion, maternal plasma folate concentrations decreased as pregnancy progressed, and were influenced by geographic region and maternal socio-demographic characteristics. Future studies are warranted to assess the necessity of folic acid supplementation during later pregnancy and lactation especially for women at a higher risk of folate depletion.
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Jiang M, Huang S, Yuan J, Ma X, Wu X, Zhuo Z, Ren L, Jin Q. Association of MTHFR C677T, MTHFR A1298C and MTRR A66G Polymorphisms with Birth Defects in Southern China. J HARD TISSUE BIOL 2021. [DOI: 10.2485/jhtb.30.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Jiang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital
| | - Shengwen Huang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital
| | - Jun Yuan
- Clinical Laboratory, Guiyang Second People’s Hospital
| | - Xingwei Ma
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital
| | - Zhaozhen Zhuo
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital
| | - Lingyan Ren
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital
| | - Qian Jin
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital
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Chatterjee M, Saha T, Maitra S, Sinha S, Mukhopadhyay K. Folate System Gene Variant rs1801394 66A>G may have a Causal Role in Down Syndrome in the Eastern Indian Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR MEDICINE 2020; 9:215-224. [PMID: 33274184 PMCID: PMC7703665 DOI: 10.22088/ijmcm.bums.9.3.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is associated with trisomy of the 21st chromosome in more than 95% cases. The extra chromosome mostly derives due to abnormal chromosomal segregation, i.e. non-disjunction, during meiosis. Earlier reports showed that abnormal folate metabolism can lead to DNA hypomethylation and abnormal chromosomal segregation. We analyzed three functional folate gene variants, namely 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase rs1805087, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase reductase rs1801394, and reduced folate carrier 1 rs1051266, for contribution in the etiology of DS. Ethnically matched subjects including DS probands (N=183), their parents (N=273), and controls (N=286) were recruited after obtaining informed written consent for participation. Karyotype analysis confirmed trisomy 21 in DS patients recruited. Genomic DNA, purified from peripheral blood leukocytes was used for genotyping of the target sites by PCR based methods, and data obtained was subjected to population- as well as family-based association analysis. Frequency of rs1801394 ‘G’ allele and ‘GG’ genotype was higher in DS probands (P < 0.0001). Statistically significant higher occurrence of the ‘G’ allele in parents of DS probands (P < 0.0001) and maternal bias in transmission of the “G” allele was also noticed (P < 0.0001). Genetic model analysis demonstrated rs1801394 “G” as a risk allele under both dominant and recessive models. DS probands also showed higher occurrence of rs1051266 “G” (P = 0.05). Quantitative trait analysis revealed significant negative influence of rs1805087 “A” on birth weight. Screening for rs1801394 “G” could be useful in monitoring the risk of DS, at least in the studied population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tanusree Saha
- Manovikas Biomedical Research and Diagnostic Centre, MRIH, Kolkata, India.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - Subhamita Maitra
- Manovikas Biomedical Research and Diagnostic Centre, MRIH, Kolkata, India.,Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Swagata Sinha
- Manovikas Biomedical Research and Diagnostic Centre, MRIH, Kolkata, India
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A review on genetic polymorphism in MTHFR gene with Down syndrome and leukemia. Meta Gene 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2020.100752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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