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Zhu L, Chen S, Dai X. CTRP9 alleviates hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced human placental vascular endothelial cells impairment and mitochondrial dysfunction through activating AMPK/Nrf2 signaling. Tissue Cell 2023; 85:102217. [PMID: 37774521 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is associated with significant maternal and fetal mortality. The present study is aimed at exploring the molecular mechanism of C1q/TNF-related protein 9 (CTRP9) in PIH. METHODS Human placental vascular endothelial cells (HPVECs) underwent hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to construct an in vitro PIH cellular model. Cell transfection was conducted to over-express CTRP9. The expression level of CTRP9 was determined by western blot and quantitative real-time PCR. CCK-8, flow cytometry, wound-healing and tube formation assays were conducted to assess cell viability, apoptosis, migration and angiogenesis, respectively. Mitochondrial membrane potential (∆ψm) was evaluated adopting JC-1 staining. Mitochondrial ROS and copy number (mtDNA) were examined using superoxide indicator and real-time PCR, respectively. Then, HPVECs were pre-treated with Compound C (CC), the inhibitor of AMPK, for regulatory mechanism research. RESULTS CTRP9 was downregulated in HPVECs exposed to H/R induction. CTRP9 overexpression retards H/R-mediated cell viability loss and apoptosis, impaired migration and angiogenesis of HPVECs. Meanwhile, CTRP9 overexpression alleviates H/R-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in HPVECs by enhancing mitochondrial ∆ψm, reducing mitochondrial ROS generation and increasing mtDNA copies. In addition, CTRP9 activated AMPK/Nrf2 signaling in H/R-mediated HPVECs, and additional treatment of CC greatly weakened the functional effects of CTRP9 in H/R-mediated HPVECs. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that CTRP9 protected against H/R-mediated HPVECs injuries dependent on AMPK/Nrf2 signaling and could be applied as a potential therapy for PIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- Department of Nursing, Shandong College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, Shandong 264199, China
| | - Shaolei Chen
- Department of Nursing, Shandong College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, Shandong 264199, China
| | - Xulei Dai
- Department of Medical Technology, Xingtai Medical College, Xingtai, Hebei 054000, China.
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Yan S, Ding J, Wang Z, Zhang F, Li J, Zhang Y, Wu S, Yang L, Pang X, Zhang Y, Yang J. CTRP6 regulates M1 macrophage polarization via the PPAR-γ/NF-κB pathway and reprogramming glycolysis in recurrent spontaneous abortion. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110840. [PMID: 37696144 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant polarization and functions of decidual macrophages are closely related to recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 6 (CTRP6) is a member of the adiponectin paralog family, and plays indispensable roles in inflammation, glucose uptake and tumor metastasis. However, the regulatory effect of CTRP6 on macrophage polarization and glycolysis in RSA and the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we first found that CTRP6 expression was positively correlated with the M1 macrophage marker (CD86) in decidual tissues by dual immunofluorescence analysis. In vitro experiments indicated that CTRP6 could facilitate M1 macrophage activation through the PPAR-γ/NF-κB pathway and manipulate the glycolysis of macrophages. Notably, in addition to silencing CTRP6, treatment with a PPAR-γ agonist (GW1929) inhibited M1 macrophage polarization and rescued embryo absorption in vivo. Taken together, these results identify previously unrevealed functions of CTRP6 in macrophage transformation during RSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Yan
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, China
| | - Jinli Ding
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, China
| | - Zehao Wang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, China
| | - Jianan Li
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, China
| | - Shujuan Wu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, China
| | - Lian Yang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, China
| | - Xiangli Pang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, WuHan, HuBei, China.
| | - Jing Yang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, China.
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Li L, Gu Z, Zhang J. CTRP9 overexpression attenuates palmitic acid‑induced inflammation, apoptosis and impaired migration in HTR8/SVneo cells through AMPK/SREBP1c signaling. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:459. [PMID: 35747146 PMCID: PMC9204553 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity in pregnant mothers often leads to a range of obstetric complications, including miscarriage, pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension and diabetes. C1q/TNF-related protein 9 (CTRP9) is an adipokine with an anti-inflammatory effect. The aim of the present study was to identify the role of CTRP9 in the pathogenesis of maternal obesity during pregnancy. Following treatment with palmitic acid (PA), HTR8/SVneo cell viability and CTRP9 expression were analyzed using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blot analyses. The effects of CTRP9 overexpression on cell viability, apoptosis, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and migration were assessed using CCK-8, TUNEL, RT-qPCR and Transwell assays, respectively. Subsequently, sterol-regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP1c) overexpression efficiency was verified using RT-qPCR, and its effects on cell viability, apoptosis, pro-inflammatory cytokines and migration damage were then examined in HTR8/SVneo cells. The results showed that CTRP9 overexpression attenuated the inhibition of cell viability and apoptosis caused by PA in HTR8/SVneo cells, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine release, improved cell migration and regulated the protein expression level of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/SREBP1c signaling. In addition, CTRP9 inhibited SREBP1c expression through AMPK signaling, thereby attenuating the inflammation, apoptosis and inhibited migration caused by PA in HTR8/SVneo cells. In brief, CTRP9 protected against inflammation, apoptosis and migration defects in HTR8/SVneo cells exposed to PA treatment through AMPK/SREBP1c signaling, which suggested the potential role of CTRP9 in alleviating the toxicity of PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Zhongyi Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
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Guan H, Wang Y, Li X, Xiang A, Guo F, Fan J, Yu Q. C1q/Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Protein 9: Basics and Therapeutic Potentials. Front Physiol 2022; 13:816218. [PMID: 35370782 PMCID: PMC8971810 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.816218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 9 (CTRP9) is a newly discovered adipokine that is the closest paralog of adiponectin. Proteolytic cleavage of CTRP9 leads to the release of the globular domain (gCTRP9), which serves as the major circulating subtype. After binding with adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) and N-cadherin, CTRP9 activates various signaling pathways to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism, vasodilation and cell differentiation. Throughout human development and adult life, CTRP9 controls many biological phenomena. simultaneously, abnormal gene or protein expression of CTRP9 is accompanied by a wide range of human pathological phenomena. In this review, we briefly introduce CTRP9 and its associated signaling pathways and physiological functions, which may be helpful in the understanding of the occurrence of diseases. Moreover, we summarize the broader research prospects of CTRP9 and advances in therapeutic intervention. In recent years, CTRP9 has attracted extensive attention due to its role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, providing further avenues for its exploitation as a potential biomarker or therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Guan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Aoqi Xiang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fengwei Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jianglin Fan
- Department of Pathology, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Jianglin Fan,
| | - Qi Yu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Qi Yu,
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Palei AC, Granger JP, Spradley FT. Placental Ischemia Says "NO" to Proper NOS-Mediated Control of Vascular Tone and Blood Pressure in Preeclampsia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011261. [PMID: 34681920 PMCID: PMC8541176 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we first provide a brief overview of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms and biochemistry. This is followed by describing what is known about NOS-mediated blood pressure control during normal pregnancy. Circulating nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability has been assessed by measuring its metabolites, nitrite (NO2) and/or nitrate (NO3), and shown to rise throughout normal pregnancy in humans and rats and decline postpartum. In contrast, placental malperfusion/ischemia leads to systemic reductions in NO bioavailability leading to maternal endothelial and vascular dysfunction with subsequent development of hypertension in PE. We end this article by describing emergent risk factors for placental malperfusion and ischemic disease and discussing strategies to target the NOS system therapeutically to increase NO bioavailability in preeclamptic patients. Throughout this discussion, we highlight the critical importance that experimental animal studies have played in our current understanding of NOS biology in normal pregnancy and their use in finding novel ways to preserve this signaling pathway to prevent the development, treat symptoms, or reduce the severity of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. Palei
- Department of Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA;
| | - Joey P. Granger
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA;
| | - Frank T. Spradley
- Department of Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA;
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA;
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
- Correspondence:
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