1
|
Abstract
From the supernatant of the fermentation broth of Penicillium oxalicum, we isolated a previously undescribed peniciphenalenin G (1) and three known compounds 2-4. Their chemical structures were established through spectroscopic analysis as well as comparing with data in the literature. Compound 1 displayed a moderate cytotoxicity with IC50 value 21.4 μM (positive drug regorafenib with IC50 value of 8.2 μM) against Caco2 cells while compounds 2 and 3 showed weak cytotoxicities with IC50 value of 52.1 and 39.2 μM, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Qi
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
| | - Zhongxiu Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang D, Duan J, Chen XJ, Liu K, Guo Y, Shi R, Li S, Liu M, Zhao L, Li B, Liu H, Li M, Feng Y, Li H, Wang X. Pharmacokinetic characteristics of emodin in polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 303:115945. [PMID: 36435407 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata (Zhiheshouwu) has been a Wudang Taoist medicine for tonifying the liver and kidney, resolving turbidity and reducing lipid. Emodin is one of the active anthraquinones in Zhiheshouwu. Our previous studies showed that emodin (EM) and the other anthraquinones in Zhiheshouwu extract (HSWE) exerted similar inhibitory effects on liver cancer cells in vitro. However, it is still unknown if the other anthraquinones enhance pharmacokinetics (PK) of EM in HSWE in vivo. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, we compared the PK characteristics of EM alone with that in Zhiheshouwu aiming to explore which anthraquinones in HSWE contribute to the changed PK of EM in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Quality control of HSWE was determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The ratios of emodin to other anthraquinones, physcion (PH), chrysophanol (CH), rhein (RH), aloe-emodin (AE), emodin-8-O-β-D-glycoside (EMG), physcion-1-O-β-D-glycoside (PHG) and chrysophanol-8-O-β-D-glycoside (CHG) in HSWE were determined and analyzed using UPLC combined with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS). The PK parameters and intestinal tissue concentration of EM alone, EM in HSWE, or with other anthraquinones in SD rats were analyzed using UPLC/MS. RESULTS The quality of the Zhiheshouwu samples met the quality standard of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (Version 2020). The PK results showed that compared with EM alone, Cmax (239.90 ± 146.71 vs. 898.46 ± 291.62, P < 0.001), Tmax (0.26 ± 0.15 vs. 12.55 ± 1.33, P < 0.001), AUC0-t (1575.09 ± 570.46 vs. 12154.96 ± 5394.25, P < 0.001), and AUC0-∞ (4742.51 ± 1837.62 vs. 37131.34 ± 21647.39, P < 0.001) of EM in HSWE were decreased due to PH and EMG, while the values of Vd (380.75 ± 217.74 vs. 11.75 ± 7.35, P < 0.001), T1/2 (10.81 ± 1.99 vs. 6.65 ± 2.76, P < 0.05) and CL (19.30 ± 7.82 vs. 2.78 ± 1.88, P < 0.001) of EM in HSWE were increased due to PH and AE. In addition, the intestinal tissue concentration of emodin in HSWE was decreased compared with that of EM alone in 20 and 780 min (25.37 ± 5.98 vs. 43.29 ± 4.16 and 26.72 ± 4.03 vs. 43.40 ± 14.19, respectively. P < 0.05) dominantly due to RH and PH. CONCLUSION In conclusion, compared with treatment of EM alone, the AUC0-t value of EM in HSWE was decreased with different ways in rats. PH shortened Tmax, and increased Vd and CL. While AE prolonged T1/2 of EM. This indicated that the other anthraquinones in HSWE changed the PK of EM in rats and participated in the complex effects of EM on liver cancer. Besides the other anthraquinones, other components (e.g., 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside) in Zhiheshouwu may contribute in the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions with EM for anti-liver cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongpeng Wang
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China; School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China.
| | - Jufeng Duan
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China.
| | - Xiao-Jing Chen
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China.
| | - Kaiqi Liu
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China.
| | - Yingying Guo
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China.
| | - Run Shi
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Sha Li
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Chongqing South Road No. 227, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ming Liu
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China.
| | - Lijun Zhao
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China.
| | - Bei Li
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China.
| | - Hongtao Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China.
| | - Minglun Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hongliang Li
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China.
| | - Xuanbin Wang
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 South Renmin Road, Shiyan, Hubei Province, 442000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang ZL, Li YZ, Wu GQ, Zhang DD, Deng C, Wang ZM, Song XM, Wang W. A comprehensive review of traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Reynoutria genus. J Pharm Pharmacol 2022; 74:1718-1742. [DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The genus Reynoutria belonging to the family Polygonaceae is widely distributed in the north temperate zone and used in folk medicine. It is administered as a sedative, tonic and digestive, also as a treatment for canities and alopecia. Herein, we reported a review on traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology reported from 1985 up to early 2022. All the information and studies concerning Reynoutria plants were summarized from the library and digital databases (e.g. ScienceDirect, SciFinder, Medline PubMed, Google Scholar, and CNKI).
Key findings
A total of 185 articles on the genus Reynoutria have been collected. The phytochemical investigations of Reynoutria species revealed the presence of more than 277 chemical components, including stilbenoids, quinones, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, phospholipids, lactones, phenolics and phenolic acids. Moreover, the compounds isolated from the genus Reynoutria possess a wide spectrum of pharmacology such as anti-atherosclerosis, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, anticancer, neuroprotective, anti-virus and heart protection.
Summary
In this paper, the traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of genus Reynoutria were reviewed. As a source of traditional folk medicine, the Reynoutria genus have high medicinal value and they are widely used in medicine. Therefore, we hope our review can help genus Reynoutria get better development and utilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Long Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046 , China
| | - Yu-Ze Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046 , China
| | - Guo-Qing Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046 , China
| | - Dong-Dong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046 , China
| | - Chong Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046 , China
| | - Zhi-Min Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences , BeiJing 100700 , China
| | - Xiao-Mei Song
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046 , China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046 , China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bai J, Chen W, Huang J, Su H, Zhang D, Xu W, Zhang J, Huang Z, Qiu X. Transformation of Stilbene Glucosides From Reynoutria multiflora During Processing. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:757490. [PMID: 35548344 PMCID: PMC9082504 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.757490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The root of Reynoutria multiflora Thunb. Moldenke (RM, syn.: Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.) has been widely used in TCM clinical practice for centuries. The raw R. multiflora (RRM) should be processed before use, in order to reduce toxicity and increase efficiency. However, the content of trans-2, 3, 5, 4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (trans-THSG), which is considered to be the main medicinal ingredient, decreases in this process. In order to understand the changes of stilbene glycosides raw R. multiflora (RRM) and processed R. multiflora (PRM), a simple and effective method was developed by ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole/electrostatic field orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive plus orbitrap MS/MS). The content and quantity of stilbene glycosideshave undergone tremendous changes during the process. Seven parent nucleus of stilbene glycosides and 55 substituents, including 5-HMF and a series of derivatives, were identified in PM. 146 stilbene glycosides were detected in RRM, The number of detected compounds increased from 198 to 219 as the processing time increased from 4 to 32 h. Among the detected compounds, 102 stilbene glycosides may be potential new compounds. And the changing trend of the compounds can be summarized in 3 forms: gradually increased, gradually decreased, first increased and then decreased or decreased first. The content of trans-THSG was indeed decreased during processing, as it was converted into a series of derivatives through the esterification reaction with small molecular compounds. The clarification of secondary metabolite group can provide a basis for the follow-up study on the mechanism of pharmacodynamics and toxicity of PM, and for screening of relevant quality markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junqi Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chirality Research on Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanting Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chirality Research on Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - He Su
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danchun Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chirality Research on Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihai Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chirality Research on Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chirality Research on Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cheng W, Wu S, Yuan Z, Hu W, Yu X, Kang N, Wang Q, Zhu M, Xia K, Yang W, Kang C, Zhang S, Li Y. Pharmacokinetics, Tissue Distribution, and Excretion Characteristics of a Radix Polygoni Multiflori Extract in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:827668. [PMID: 35264960 PMCID: PMC8899820 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.827668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Although progress has been achieved in the pharmacological activity and toxicity of Radix Polygoni Multiflori (RPM), the chemical basis of its toxicity is still unclear. Here, we performed a multicompound pharmacokinetic analysis and investigated the tissue distribution and excretion characteristics of RPM components after oral administration in rats. The findings demonstrated that the active ingredients of the RPM extract were quickly absorbed after oral administration, with high exposure levels of emodin, 2,3,5,4′-teterahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (TSG), citreorosein, torachrysone-8-O-glucoside (TG), emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside (EG), and physcion-8-O-β-D-glucoside (PG). The tissue distributions of emodin, TSG, TG, EG, and PG were high in the liver and kidney. These components were the key contributors to the effectiveness and toxicity of RPM on the liver and kidney. Most of the active ingredients were mainly excreted through feces and bile, while a few were converted into other products in the body and excreted through urine and feces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Cheng
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Center for DMPK Research of Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Siyang Wu
- Center for DMPK Research of Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Yuan
- Center for DMPK Research of Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiyu Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Center for DMPK Research of Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nianxin Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiutao Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Mingying Zhu
- Center for DMPK Research of Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kexin Xia
- Center for DMPK Research of Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Center for DMPK Research of Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Kang
- Center for DMPK Research of Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuofeng Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yingfei Li
- Center for DMPK Research of Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Semwal RB, Semwal DK, Combrinck S, Viljoen A. Emodin - A natural anthraquinone derivative with diverse pharmacological activities. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 190:112854. [PMID: 34311280 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Emodin (1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methyl-anthraquinone) is a natural anthraquinone derivative that is present in numerous globally renowned herbal medicines. It is recognised as a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor and as an anticancer drug, active against various tumour cells, including lung, breast, liver, and ovarian cancer cells. Recently, its role in combination chemotherapy with various allopathic medicines, to minimize their toxicity and to enhance their efficacy, has been studied. The use of emodin in these therapies is gaining popularity, due to fewer associated side effects compared with standard anticancer drugs. Emodin has a broad therapeutic window, and in addition to its antineoplastic activity, it displays anti-ulcer, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, antimicrobial, muscle relaxant, immunosuppressive and antifibrotic activities, in both in vitro and in vivo models. Although reviews on the anticancer activity of emodin have been published, none coherently unite all the pharmacological properties of emodin, particularly the anti-oxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, immunosuppressive and hepatoprotective activities of the compound. Hence, in this review, all of the available data regarding the pharmacological properties of emodin are explored, with particular emphasis on the modes of action of the molecule. In addition, the manuscript details the occurrence, biosynthesis and chemical synthesis of the compound, as well as its toxic effects on biotic systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Badoni Semwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; Department of Chemistry, Pt. Lalit Mohan Sharma Govt. Post Graduate College, Rishikesh, 249201, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Semwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; Department of Phytochemistry, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Harrawala, Dehradun, 248001, India
| | - Sandra Combrinck
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Alvaro Viljoen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; SAMRC Herbal Drugs Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bai J, Su H, Liang Y, Shi X, Huang J, Xu W, Zhang J, Gong L, Huang Z, Qiu X. Screening of Quality Markers During the Processing of Reynoutria multiflora Based on the UHPLC-Q-Exactive Plus Orbitrap MS/MS Metabolomic Method. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:695560. [PMID: 34456722 PMCID: PMC8385779 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.695560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The root of Reynoutria multiflora (Thunb.) Moldenke (syn: Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.) is a distinguished herb that has been popularly used in traditional Chinese medicine. The raw Reynoutria multiflora (RRM) should be processed by steaming before use, and the processing time is not specified in the processing specification. Our previous studies showed that the efficacy and toxicity of processed Reynoutria multiflora (PRM) at different processing times were inconsistent. A comprehensive identification method was established in this study to find a quality marker of raw Reynoutria multiflora (RRM) and processed Reynoutria multiflora (PRM) with different processing times. Metabolomics based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole/electrostatic field orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive plus orbitrap MS/MS) was used in this study. Using the CD.2 software processed database, multivariate statistical analysis methods coupled with cluster analysis and heatmap were implemented to distinguish between RRMs and PRMs with different processing times. The results showed that RRM and PRMs processed for 4, 8, 12, and 18 h cluster into group 1, and PRM processed for 24 and 32 h into group 2, indicating that it can effectively distinguish between the two groups and twenty potential markers, made the highest contributions to the observed chemical differences between two groups. Among them, tetrahydroxystilbene-O-hexoside-O-galloyl and sucrose can be used to identify PRM processed for 24 h. Therefore, the properties of RRM changed after 24 h of processing, and the quality markers were screened to distinguish RRM and PPM. It can also be used as an important control technology for the processing of RM, which has wide application prospects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junqi Bai
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine of Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, Guangzhou, China
| | - He Su
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youling Liang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuhua Shi
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Xu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Gong
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihai Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine of Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Qiu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine of Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chirality Research on Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
High-Throughput Identification of Organic Compounds from Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata ( Zhiheshouwu) by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26133977. [PMID: 34209934 PMCID: PMC8428211 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata (PMRP), as the processed product of tuberous roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., is one of the most famous traditional Chinese medicines, with a long history. However, in recent years, liver adverse reactions linked to PMRP have been frequently reported. Our work attempted to investigate the chemical constituents of PMRP for clinical research and safe medication. In this study, an effective and rapid method was established to separate and characterize the constituents in PMRP by combining ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS). Based on the accurate mass measurements for molecular and characteristic fragment ions, a total of 103 compounds, including 24 anthraquinones, 21 stilbenes, 15 phenolic acids, 14 flavones, and 29 other compounds were identified or tentatively characterized. Forty-eight compounds were tentatively characterized from PMRP for the first time, and their fragmentation behaviors were summarized. There were 101 components in PMRP ethanol extract (PMRPE) and 91 components in PMRP water extract (PMRPW). Simultaneously, the peak areas of several potential xenobiotic components were compared in the detection, which showed that PMRPE has a higher content of anthraquinones and stilbenes. The obtained results can be used in pharmacological and toxicological research and provided useful information for further in vitro and in vivo studies.
Collapse
|
9
|
Physcion and physcion 8-O-β-glucopyranoside: A review of their pharmacology, toxicities and pharmacokinetics. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 310:108722. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
10
|
Ham JR, Lee HI, Choi RY, Ryu HS, Yee ST, Kang KY, Lee MK. Heshouwu ( Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.) Extract Attenuates Bone Loss in Diabetic Mice. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2019; 24:121-127. [PMID: 31328115 PMCID: PMC6615354 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2019.24.2.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects and mechanism of Heshouwu (Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.) water extract (HSW) on diabetes-related bone loss in mice. HSW was orally administered (300 mg/kg body weight) to high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice for 10 weeks. HSW significantly alleviated mouse body weight loss and hyperglycemia compared with the control group, and elevated serum levels of insulin, osteocalcin, and bone-alkaline phosphatase. HSW supplementation also significantly increased the bone volume/tissue volume ratio and trabecular thickness and number, and decreased the bone surface/bone volume ratio and trabecular structure model index in the femur and tibia. Moreover, HSW significantly increased femoral bone mineral density. In addition, HSW down-regulated osteoclastogenic genes, such as nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5 (TRAP), in both the femur and tibia tissue, and reduced serum TRAP level compare to those of control mice. These results indicate that HSW might relieve diabetes-related bone disorders through regulating osteoclast-related genes, suggesting HSW may be used as a preventive agent for diabetes-induced bone loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ju Ri Ham
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University, Jeonnam 57922, Korea
| | - Hae-In Lee
- Mokpo Marin Food-Industry Research Center, Jeonnam 58621, Korea
| | - Ra-Yeong Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University, Jeonnam 57922, Korea
| | - Hyo-Seon Ryu
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University, Jeonnam 57922, Korea
| | - Sung-Tae Yee
- Suncheon Research Center for Natural Medicines, Jeonnam 57922, Korea.,College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Jeonnam 57922, Korea
| | - Kyung-Yun Kang
- Suncheon Research Center for Natural Medicines, Jeonnam 57922, Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University, Jeonnam 57922, Korea.,Suncheon Research Center for Natural Medicines, Jeonnam 57922, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Prateeksha, Yusuf MA, Singh BN, Sudheer S, Kharwar RN, Siddiqui S, Abdel-Azeem AM, Fernandes Fraceto L, Dashora K, Gupta VK. Chrysophanol: A Natural Anthraquinone with Multifaceted Biotherapeutic Potential. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E68. [PMID: 30781696 PMCID: PMC6406798 DOI: 10.3390/biom9020068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chrysophanol is a unique anthraquinone having broad-spectrum therapeutic potential along with ecological importance. It is the first polyketide that has been reported to be biosynthesized in an organism-specific manner. The traditional Chinese and Korean medicinal systems provide evidence of the beneficial effects of chrysophanol on human health. The global distribution of chrysophanol encountered in two domains of life (bacteria and eukaryota) has motivated researchers to critically evaluate the properties of this compound. A plethora of literature is available on the pharmacological properties of chrysophanol, which include anticancer, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, and antimicrobial activities. However, the pharmacokinetics and toxicity studies on chrysophanol demand further investigations for it to be used as a drug. This is the first comprehensive review on the natural sources, biosynthetic pathways, and pharmacology of chrysophanol. Here we reviewed recent advancements made on the pharmacokinetics of the chrysophanol. Additionally, we have highlighted the knowledge gaps of its mechanism of action against diseases and toxicity aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prateeksha
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow-226026, Uttar Pradesh, India;
- Herbal Nanobiotechnology Lab, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohd Aslam Yusuf
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow-226016, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Brahma N. Singh
- Herbal Nanobiotechnology Lab, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Surya Sudheer
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, ERA Chair of Green Chemistry, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia;
| | - Ravindra N. Kharwar
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Saba Siddiqui
- Integral Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology (IIAST), Integral University, Lucknow-226026, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Ahmed M. Abdel-Azeem
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, University of Suez Canal, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Leonardo Fernandes Fraceto
- Institute of Science and Technology of Sorocaba, São Paulo State University–Unesp, Sorocaba–São Paulo 18087-180, Brazil;
| | - Kavya Dashora
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India;
| | - Vijai K. Gupta
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, ERA Chair of Green Chemistry, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia;
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Isolation and in silico prediction of potential drug-like compounds from Anethum sowa L. root extracts targeted towards cancer therapy. Comput Biol Chem 2019; 78:242-259. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2018.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
13
|
Antitumor Research of the Active Ingredients from Traditional Chinese Medical Plant Polygonum Cuspidatum. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:2313021. [PMID: 30584449 PMCID: PMC6280292 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2313021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the utilization of Chinese native medicine and other plant extracts in the treatment of diseases has attracted extensive attention, especially in the area of malignant tumors. However, lots of herbal remedies active ingredients have not been found or have been discovered but not effectively developed and applied. Therefore, screening new Chinese medicine active components and determining their antitumor effects have become a new breakthrough in the prevention and treatment of tumor disease. In the past years, a large number of studies have demonstrated that Polygonum cuspidatum and its active components like resveratrol showed excellent antitumor activities, including our own antitumor studies about resveratrol in colorectal cancer. The purpose of this review is to summarize the research progress of Chinese herb Polygonum cuspidatum and its active components in tumor diseases and provide theoretical basis for further scientific experiments and clinical applications.
Collapse
|
14
|
Liang L, Xu J, Liang ZT, Dong XP, Chen HB, Zhao ZZ. Tissue-Specific Analysis of Secondary Metabolites Creates a Reliable Morphological Criterion for Quality Grading of Polygoni Multiflori Radix. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051115. [PMID: 29738485 PMCID: PMC6099783 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In commercial herbal markets, Polygoni Multiflori Radix (PMR, the tuberous roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.), a commonly-used Chinese medicinal material, is divided into different grades based on morphological features of size and weight. While more weight and larger size command a higher price, there is no scientific data confirming that the more expensive roots are in fact of better quality. To assess the inherent quality of various grades and of various tissues in PMR and to find reliable morphological indicators of quality, a method combining laser microdissection (LMD) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-QqQ-MS/MS) was applied. Twelve major chemical components were quantitatively determined in both whole material and different tissues of PMR. Determination of the whole material revealed that traditional commercial grades based on size and weight of PRM did not correspond to any significant differences in chemical content. Instead, tissue-specific analysis indicated that the morphological features could be linked with quality in a new way. That is, PMR with broader cork and phloem, as seen in a transverse section, were typically of better quality as these parts are where the bioactive components accumulate. The tissue-specific analysis of secondary metabolites creates a reliable morphological criterion for quality grading of PMR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Liang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Zhi-Tao Liang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Xiao-Ping Dong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hu-Biao Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Zhong-Zhen Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Harn YC, Su BH, Ku YL, Lin OA, Chou CF, Tseng YJ. NP-StructurePredictor: Prediction of Unknown Natural Products in Plant Mixtures. J Chem Inf Model 2017; 57:3138-3148. [PMID: 29131618 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.7b00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Identification of the individual chemical constituents of a mixture, especially solutions extracted from medicinal plants, is a time-consuming task. The identification results are often limited by challenges such as the development of separation methods and the availability of known reference standards. A novel structure elucidation system, NP-StructurePredictor, is presented and used to accelerate the process of identifying chemical structures in a mixture based on a branch and bound algorithm combined with a large collection of natural product databases. NP-StructurePredictor requires only targeted molecular weights calculated from a list of m/z values from liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) experiments as input information to predict the chemical structures of individual components matching the weights in a mixture. NP-StructurePredictor also provides the predicted structures with statistically calculated probabilities so that the most likely chemical structures of the natural products and their analogs can be proposed accordingly. Four data sets consisting of different Chinese herbs with mixtures containing known compounds were selected for validation studies, and all their components were correctly identified and highly predicted using NP-StructurePredictor. NP-StructurePredictor demonstrated its applicability for predicting the chemical structures of novel compounds by returning highly accurate results from four different validation case studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeu-Chern Harn
- Graduate Institute of Networking and Multimedia, National Taiwan University , No. 1 Roosevelt Road Section 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.,The Metabolomics Core Laboratory, NTU Center of Genomic Medicine , 7F, No. 2, Syujhou Road, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Han Su
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University , No. 1 Roosevelt Road Section 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ling Ku
- Medical and Pharmaceutical Industry Technology and Development Center , 7F, No. 9, Wuquan Road, Wugu District, New Taipei City 24886, Taiwan
| | - Olivia A Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronic and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University , No. 1 Roosevelt Road Section 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Fu Chou
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University , No. 1 Roosevelt Road Section 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Y Jane Tseng
- The Metabolomics Core Laboratory, NTU Center of Genomic Medicine , 7F, No. 2, Syujhou Road, Taipei 10055, Taiwan.,Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University , No. 1 Roosevelt Road Section 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronic and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University , No. 1 Roosevelt Road Section 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.,Drug Research Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine , No. 1 Jen Ai Road Section 1, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mao Y, Zhang M, Yang J, Sun H, Wang D, Zhang X, Yu F, Li J. The UCP2-related mitochondrial pathway participates in rhein-induced apoptosis in HK-2 cells. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2017; 6:297-304. [PMID: 30090499 PMCID: PMC6062232 DOI: 10.1039/c6tx00410e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhein is one of the main active compounds in total rhubarb anthraquinones (TRAs) that were reported to cause nephrotoxicity. This paper explored the mechanism of how rhein induced apoptosis in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2 cells). In this study, rhein was found to induce apoptosis in HK-2 cells according to the results of annexin V/PI staining assay. The underlying mechanisms were investigated, and the mitochondria-mediated pathway was found to be critical. A series of related biological events were explored, including the disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), the decrease of the ATP level, the release of cytochrome c (Cyt-c) from the mitochondrion to the cytosol, and down-regulation of Bcl-2 and up-regulation of Bax. Furthermore, rhein significantly increased the levels of ROS and inhibited the expression of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2). UCP2 inhibition dramatically boosted oxidative stress and exacerbated rhein-induced apoptosis, whereas co-incubation with an ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC) could decrease rhein-induced apoptosis. In conclusion, our results have demonstrated that rhein induced apoptosis in HK-2 cells via the UCP2-related mitochondrial pathway and rhein might be a weak inhibitor of UCP2. Our findings provide new evidence that UCP2 plays an important role in the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Mao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy , School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , China . ;
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance , Ministry of Education , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , China
| | - Mincheng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy , School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , China . ;
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance , Ministry of Education , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , China
| | - Jiapei Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy , School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , China . ;
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance , Ministry of Education , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy , School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , China . ;
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance , Ministry of Education , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy , School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , China . ;
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance , Ministry of Education , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy , School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , China . ;
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance , Ministry of Education , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , China
| | - Feng Yu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy , School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , China . ;
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance , Ministry of Education , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy , School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 211198 , China . ;
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sun YN, Li W, Song SB, Yan XT, Yang SY, Kim YH. Nuclear Factor Kappa B Activation and Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor Transactivational Effects of Chemical Components of the Roots of Polygonum multiflorum. Pharmacogn Mag 2016; 12:31-5. [PMID: 27019559 PMCID: PMC4787333 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.176019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polygonum multiflorum is well-known as "Heshouwu" in traditional Chinese herbal medicine. In Northeast Asia, it is often used as a tonic to prevent premature aging of the kidney and liver, tendons, and bones and strengthening of the lower back and knees. OBJECTIVE To research the anti-inflammatory activities of components from P. multiflorum. MATERIALS AND METHODS The compounds were isolated by a combination of silica gel and YMC R-18 column chromatography, and their structures were identified by analysis of spectroscopic data (1D, 2D-nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectrometry). The anti-inflammatory activities of the isolated compounds 1-15 were evaluated by luciferase reporter gene assays. RESULTS Fifteen compounds (1-15) were isolated from the roots of P. multiflorum. Compounds 1-5 and 14-15 significantly inhibited tumor necrosis factor-α-induced nuclear factor kappa B-luciferase activity, with IC50 values of 24.16-37.56 μM. Compounds 1-5 also greatly enhanced peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors transcriptional activity with EC50 values of 18.26-31.45 μM. CONCLUSION The anthraquinone derivatives were the active components from the roots of P. multiflorum as an inhibitor on inflammation-related factors in human hepatoma cells. Therefore, we suggest that the roots of P. multiflorum can be used to treat natural inflammatory diseases. SUMMARY This study presented that fifteen compounds (1-15) isolated from the roots of Polygonum multiflrum exert signifiant anti inflmmatory effects by inhibiting TNF α induced NF κB activation and PPARs transcription. Abbreviation used: NF κB: Nuclear factor kappa B, PPARs: Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors, PPREs: Peroxisome proliferator response elements, TNF α: Tumor necrosis factor α, ESI-MS: Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, HepG2: Human hepatoma cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya Nan Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Wei Li
- School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Korea
| | - Seok Bean Song
- Gyeongbuk Institute for Bio-industry, Andong City, Gyeongbuk 760-380, Korea
| | - Xi Tao Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 339-700, Korea
| | - Seo Young Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Young Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang TH, Zhang J, Qiu XH, Bai JQ, Gao YH, Xu W. Application of Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with LTQ-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry for the Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Polygonum multiflorum Thumb. and Its Processed Products. Molecules 2015; 21:E40. [PMID: 26712736 PMCID: PMC6272829 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to quickly and simultaneously obtain the chemical profiles and control the quality of the root of Polygonum multiflorum Thumb. and its processed form, a rapid qualitative and quantitative method, using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization-linear ion trap-Orbitrap hybrid mass spectrometry (UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS(n)) has been developed. The analysis was performed within 10 min on an AcQuity UPLC™ BEH C18 column with a gradient elution of 0.1% formic acid-acetonitrile at flow rate of 400 μL/min. According to the fragmentation mechanism and high resolution MS(n) data, a diagnostic ion searching strategy was used for rapid and tentative identification of main phenolic components and 23 compounds were simultaneously identified or tentatively characterized. The difference in chemical profiles between P. multiflorum and its processed preparation were observed by comparing the ions abundances of main constituents in the MS spectra and significant changes of eight metabolite biomarkers were detected in the P. multiflorum samples and their preparations. In addition, four of the representative phenols, namely gallic acid, trans-2,3,5,4'-tetra-hydroxystilbene-2-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, emodin and emodin-8-O-β-d-glucopyranoside were quantified by the validated UHPLC-MS/MS method. These phenols are considered to be major bioactive constituents in P. multiflorum, and are generally regarded as the index for quality assessment of this herb. The method was successfully used to quantify 10 batches of P. multiflorum and 10 batches of processed P. multiflorum. The results demonstrated that the method is simple, rapid, and suitable for the discrimination and quality control of this traditional Chinese herb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Hua Wang
- Lab of Chinese Materia Medica Preparation, the Second College of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangdong Province Institute of TCM, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Lab of Chinese Materia Medica Preparation, the Second College of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangdong Province Institute of TCM, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiao-Hui Qiu
- Lab of Chinese Materia Medica Preparation, the Second College of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangdong Province Institute of TCM, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jun-Qi Bai
- Lab of Chinese Materia Medica Preparation, the Second College of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangdong Province Institute of TCM, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - You-Heng Gao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Wen Xu
- Lab of Chinese Materia Medica Preparation, the Second College of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangdong Province Institute of TCM, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Throckmorton K, Lim FY, Kontoyiannis DP, Zheng W, Keller NP. Redundant synthesis of a conidial polyketide by two distinct secondary metabolite clusters in Aspergillus fumigatus. Environ Microbiol 2015; 18:246-59. [PMID: 26242966 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.13007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Filamentous fungi are renowned for the production of bioactive secondary metabolites. Typically, one distinct metabolite is generated from a specific secondary metabolite cluster. Here, we characterize the newly described trypacidin (tpc) cluster in the opportunistic human pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. We find that this cluster as well as the previously characterized endocrocin (enc) cluster both contribute to the production of the spore metabolite endocrocin. Whereas trypacidin is eliminated when only tpc cluster genes are deleted, endocrocin production is only eliminated when both the tpc and enc non-reducing polyketide synthase-encoding genes, tpcC and encA, respectively, are deleted. EncC, an anthrone oxidase, converts the product released from EncA to endocrocin as a final product. In contrast, endocrocin synthesis by the tpc cluster likely results from incomplete catalysis by TpcK (a putative decarboxylase), as its deletion results in a nearly 10-fold increase in endocrocin production. We suggest endocrocin is likely a shunt product in all related non-reducing polyketide synthase clusters containing homologues of TpcK and TpcL (a putative anthrone oxidase), e.g. geodin and monodictyphenone. This finding represents an unusual example of two physically discrete secondary metabolite clusters generating the same natural product in one fungal species by distinct routes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Throckmorton
- Department of Genetics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Fang Yun Lim
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Weifa Zheng
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Key Laboratory for Biotechnology, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Nancy P Keller
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bounda GA, Feng YU. Review of clinical studies of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. and its isolated bioactive compounds. Pharmacognosy Res 2015; 7:225-36. [PMID: 26130933 PMCID: PMC4471648 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.157957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (PMT), officially listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, is one of the most popular perennial Chinese traditional medicines known as He shou wu in China and East Asia, and as Fo-ti in North America. Mounting pharmacological studies have stressed out its key benefice for the treatment of various diseases and medical conditions such as liver injury, cancer, diabetes, alopecia, atherosclerosis, and neurodegenerative diseases as well. International databases such as PubMed/Medline, Science citation Index and Google Scholar were searched for clinical studies recently published on P. multiflorum. Various clinical studies published articles were retrieved, providing information relevant to pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics analysis, sleep disorders, dyslipidemia treatment, and neurodegenerative diseases. This review is an effort to update the clinical picture of investigations ever carried on PMT and/or its isolated bio-compounds and to enlighten its therapeutic assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guy-Armel Bounda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - YU Feng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sultana S, Asif HM, Nazar HMI, Akhtar N, Rehman JU, Rehman RU. Medicinal plants combating against cancer--a green anticancer approach. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:4385-94. [PMID: 24969858 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.11.4385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the most deadly disease that causes the serious health problems, physical disabilities, mortalities, and morbidities around the world. It is the second leading cause of death all over the world. Although great advancement have been made in the treatment of cancer progression, still significant deficiencies and room for improvement remain. Chemotherapy produced a number of undesired and toxic side effects. Natural therapies, such as the use of plant-derived products in the treatment of cancer, may reduce adverse and toxic side effects. However, many plants exist that have shown very promising anticancer activities in vitro and in vivo but their active anticancer principle have yet to be evaluated. Combined efforts of botanist, pharmacologist and chemists are required to find new lead anticancer constituent to fight disease. This review will help researchers in the finding of new bioactive molecules as it will focus on various plants evaluated for anticancer properties in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabira Sultana
- University College of Conventional Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan E-mail drsabirachishti12@gmail
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
Natural products with protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitory activity. Methods 2014; 65:229-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
|
24
|
Sun YN, Cui L, Li W, Yan XT, Yang SY, Kang JI, Kang HK, Kim YH. Promotion effect of constituents from the root of Polygonum multiflorum on hair growth. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:4801-5. [PMID: 23896496 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.06.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two new compounds, gallic acid ester of torachrysone-8-O-β-D-glucoside (1) and (E)-2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-xyloside (4), along with eight known compounds (2, 3, 5-10) were isolated from a 70% ethanol extract of Polygonum multiflorum roots. The structures were determined by (1)H and (13)C NMR, HMQC, and HMBC spectrometry. Extracts of P. multiflorum have been reported to promote hair growth in vivo. This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of isolated compounds from P. multiflorum on promoting hair growth using dermal papilla cells (DPCs), which play an important role in hair growth. When DPCs were treated with compounds (1-10) from P. multiflorum, compounds 1, 2, 3, 6, and 10 increased the proliferation of DPCs compared with the control. Specifically, compound 2 (10 and 20 μM) induced a greater increase in the proliferation of DPCs than minoxidil (10 μM). Additionally, treatment of vibrissa follicles with compound 2 for 21 days increased hair-fiber length significantly. On the basis of this result, further investigation and optimization of these derivatives might help in the development of therapeutic agents for the treatment of alopecia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya Nan Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
|
26
|
Barros-Filho BA, de Oliveira MCF, Mafezoli J, Barbosa FG, Rodrigues-Filho E. Secondary Metabolite Production by the Basidiomycete, Lentinus strigellus, under Different Culture Conditions. Nat Prod Commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1200700620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The basidiomycete Lentinus strigellus was cultivated in three different culture media and the secondary metabolites produced under different culture conditions were isolated and identified. When cultivated in a liquid medium with peptone, L. strigellus afforded the benzopyrans, 2,2-dimethyl-6-methoxychroman-4-one, 4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-6-methoxychromane and (3 R,4 S)-3,4-dihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-6-methoxychromane. The indole alkaloid echinuline and the anthraquinone fiscione, both unprecedented for the genus Lentinus, were isolated from the mycelium of the fungus. When cultured in Czapek medium enriched with potato broth, the fungus afforded the same benzopyrans except (3 S,4 S)-3,4-dihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-6-methoxychromane. Panepoxydone and isopanepoxydone were also isolated when the microorganism was grown in Czapek medium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria C. F. de Oliveira
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Caixa Postal 6044, Fortaleza-CE, 60455-970, Brazil
| | - Jair Mafezoli
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Caixa Postal 6044, Fortaleza-CE, 60455-970, Brazil
| | - Francisco G. Barbosa
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Caixa Postal 6044, Fortaleza-CE, 60455-970, Brazil
| | - Edson Rodrigues-Filho
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235, Caixa Postal 676, São Carlos-SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lee MS, Cha EY, Sul JY, Song IS, Kim JY. Chrysophanic acid blocks proliferation of colon cancer cells by inhibiting EGFR/mTOR pathway. Phytother Res 2010; 25:833-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2010] [Revised: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 09/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
28
|
Sardari S, Shokrgozar MA, Ghavami G. Cheminformatics based selection and cytotoxic effects of herbal extracts. Toxicol In Vitro 2009; 23:1412-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2009.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2008] [Revised: 04/27/2009] [Accepted: 07/07/2009] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
29
|
Han L, Wu B, Pan G, Wang Y, Song X, Gao X. UPLC-PDA Analysis for Simultaneous Quantification of Four Active Compounds in Crude and Processed Rhizome of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Chromatographia 2009. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-009-1180-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
30
|
Slack GJ, Puniani E, Frisvad JC, Samson RA, Miller JD. Secondary metabolites from Eurotium species, Aspergillus calidoustus and A. insuetus common in Canadian homes with a review of their chemistry and biological activities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 113:480-90. [PMID: 19422073 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycres.2008.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
31
|
Chomcheon P, Wiyakrutta S, Sriubolmas N, Ngamrojanavanich N, Mahidol C, Ruchirawat S, Kittakoop P. Metabolites from the endophytic mitosporic Dothideomycete sp. LRUB20. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2009; 70:121-127. [PMID: 19038408 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2008] [Revised: 08/17/2008] [Accepted: 10/13/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The endophytic mitosporic Dothideomycete sp. LRUB20 was found to produce pyrone derivatives, dothideopyrones A-D (1, 3, 4, and 5), together with seven known compounds, including questin (9), asterric acid (10), methyl asterrate (11), sulochrin (12), and eugenitin (13), 6-hydroxymethyleugenitin (14), and cis, trans-muconic acid (15). Dothideopyrone D (5) and its acetate derivative 6 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activity. This is the first report on a naturally occurring muconic acid, which is commonly known as a biomarker in environments after exposure to benzene and phenol (or derivatives). Interestingly, the LRUB20 fungus could produce muconic acid in relatively high yield (47.8mg/L). The utility of endophytic fungi in the field of white biotechnology is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Porntep Chomcheon
- Chulabhorn Research Institute and Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Vipavadee-Rangsit Highway, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|