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Bouafia M, Colak N, Ayaz FA, Gourine N, Yousfi M. The chemical profile and seasonal variation of the composition of the phenolic acids in different plant parts of Centaurea sp. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 236:115686. [PMID: 37690189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the seasonal variation (over seven months) of phenolic acid (PHA) components in different parts of Centaurea sp. The primary objective was to determine the pattern of variation, while the secondary objective was to identify which month or growth stage provides a greater total PHA content or percentage of bioactive components. Different patterns of seasonal variations were highlighted for the different PHA components and their classes (hydroxybenzoic and -cinnamic acids) in different parts of the plant. The leaves exclusively provided the highest PHA contents, with maximum values reached in April (1368.06 μg/g). The major hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives (HBAs) identified in the leaves were vanillic acid (VaA) "154.18-374.06 μg/g" and protocatechuic acid (PA) "9.37-595.61 μg/g", while the major hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives (HCAs) were p-coumaric acid (p-CoA) "109.35-261.77 μg/g", m-coumaric acid (m-CoA) "10.22-70.57 μg/g", and ferulic acid (FeA) "35.54-109.13 μg/g". The maximum percentage of PA was obtained in April "595.61 μg/g", while the maximum p-CoA content was obtained in January "261.77 μg/g". Therefore, the leaves can be recommended as the optimal source of PHAs. If there is a specific interest in certain PHA components, we recommend collection in either January or April. Multivariate statistical analysis (PCA & AHC) showed the existence of two main clusters. The first cluster comprised the leaves, distinguished by the highest VaA, PA, and p-CoA contents. The second cluster comprised roots and the root bark samples. This study provides information on the development of PHAs in different parts of Centaurea sp. and explores potential applications. It will be of considerable interest for determining the optimal harvesting time of shrub species used for their medicinal properties and bio-active phenolic contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mourad Bouafia
- Laboratoire des Sciences Fondamentales, University Amar Telidji of Laghouat, Po. Box. 37G, Road of Ghardaïa, 03000 Laghouat, Algeria
| | - Nesrin Colak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Faik A Ayaz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Nadhir Gourine
- Laboratoire des Sciences Fondamentales, University Amar Telidji of Laghouat, Po. Box. 37G, Road of Ghardaïa, 03000 Laghouat, Algeria.
| | - Mohamed Yousfi
- Laboratoire des Sciences Fondamentales, University Amar Telidji of Laghouat, Po. Box. 37G, Road of Ghardaïa, 03000 Laghouat, Algeria
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KAYABAŞI Ç, AVCI ÇB, YILMAZ SÜSLÜER S, BALCI OKCANOĞLU T, ÖZMEN YELKEN B, ÇALIŞKAN KURT C, GÖKER BAĞCA B, DURMUŞKAHYA C, KAYALAR H, ÖZBİLGİN A, GÜNDÜZ C. Combinational effects of ponatinib and some Turkish endemic plant extracts on breast cancer cells. EGE TIP DERGISI 2022. [DOI: 10.19161/etd.1126901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide. Therefore, there is a need to define new strategies that can overcome the deficiencies of existing treatments. In our study, we aimed to define new herbal combination therapies that can be used to target breast cancer cells. For this purpose, we investigated the cytotoxic, apoptotic, anti-proliferative and cell cycle regulatory effects of Centaurea calolepis (CCI), Origanum sipyleum (OSM) and Phlomis lycia (PLI) plant extracts in combination with ponatinib on MCF-7 cells.
Materials and Methods: The cytotoxic effects of OSM, CCI, PLI and ponatinib on MCF-7 cells were measured in real time by xCELLigence. The median-effect equation was used for the analysis of combinations of ponatinib with CCI (p-CCI), OSM (p-OSM), PLI (p-PLI). Apoptosis, proliferation and cell cycle regulation were evaluated by flow cytometry.
Results: The IC50 doses of CCI, OSM and PLI extracts in MCF-7 cells were calculated as 59.5, 57, 44.2 μg/ml at 48 hours and 51.6, 54.21, 42.52 μg/ml at 72 hours, respectively. Combination analyses revealed that p-CCI was additive, p-OSM and p-PLI showed a moderate synergistic effect at 48th hours. It was determined that apoptosis induced by ponatinib was significantly increased with the combinations of CCI and PLI. CCI and PLI treatments exhibited moderate anti-proliferative effects on MCF-7 cells, while OSM extract suppressed proliferation most significantly. Consistent with the proliferation results, the highest G0/G1 arrest was observed with OSM treatment. It was revealed that combined p-CCI and p-PLI treatments significantly increased the anti-proliferative effect of ponatinib and caused a higher level of G0/G1 accumulation.
Conclusion: Combinations of ponatinib and CCI, OSM, PLI plant extracts exhibited anti-cancer activity in breast cancer with induction of apoptosis, suppression of proliferation and cell cycle arrest. In light of the high anti-cancer effects identified, extracts of these Turkish endemic plants may represent a potential strategy in the treatment of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çağla KAYABAŞI
- Ege Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Tıbbi Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Çığır Biray AVCI
- Ege Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Tıbbi Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı, İzmir, Türkiye
| | | | | | - Besra ÖZMEN YELKEN
- İzmir Bakırçay Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Tıbbi Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Cansu ÇALIŞKAN KURT
- Ege Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Tıbbi Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Bakiye GÖKER BAĞCA
- Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Tıbbi Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı, Aydın, Türkiye
| | - Cenk DURMUŞKAHYA
- İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi, Orman Fakültesi, Orman Botaniği Anabilim Dalı, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Hüsniye KAYALAR
- Ege Üniversitesi, Eczacılık Fakültesi, Farmakognozi Anabilim Dalı, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Ahmet ÖZBİLGİN
- Celal Bayar Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Parazitoloji Anabilim Dalı, Manisa, Türkiye
| | - Cumhur GÜNDÜZ
- Ege Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Tıbbi Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı, İzmir, Türkiye
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Seasonal variation of fatty acid composition, tocopherol content and antioxidant activity of lipid extracts from Centaurea sp. FOOD BIOSCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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A. Petropoulos S, Fernandes Â, Dias MI, Pereira C, Calhelha RC, Chrysargyris A, Tzortzakis N, Ivanov M, D. Sokovic M, Barros L, Ferreira ICFR. Chemical Composition and Plant Growth of Centaurea raphanina subsp. mixta Plants Cultivated under Saline Conditions. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092204. [PMID: 32397258 PMCID: PMC7248820 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this report was to study the effect of salinity (control: 2dS/m, S1: 4 dS/m and S2: 6 dS/m) and harvest time (first harvest on 9 May 2018 and second harvest on 19 April 2018) on the growth and the chemical composition of Centaurea raphanina subsp. mixta plants. The plants of the first harvest were used for the plant growth measurements (fresh weight and moisture content of leaves, rosette diameter, number and thickness of leaves), whereas those of the second harvest were not used for these measurements due to the flowering initiation, which made the leaves unmarketable due to their hard texture. The results of our study showed that C. raphanina subsp. mixta plants can be cultivated under mild salinity (S1 treatment) conditions without severe effects on plant growth and yield, since a more severe loss (27.5%) was observed for the S2 treatment. In addition, harvest time proved to be a cost-effective cultivation practice that allows to regulate the quality of the final product, either in edible form (first harvest) or for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical purposes as well as antimicrobial agents in food products. Therefore, the combination of these two agronomic factors showed interesting results in terms of the quality of the final product. In particular, high salinity (S2 treatment) improved the nutritional value by increasing the fat, proteins and carbohydrates contents in the first harvest, as well as the tocopherols and sugars contents (S1 and S2 treatments, respectively) in the second harvest. In addition, salinity and harvest time affected the oxalic acid content which was the lowest for the S2 treatment at the second harvest. Similarly, the richest fatty acid (α-linolenic acid) increased with increasing salinity at the first harvest. Salinity and harvest time also affected the antimicrobial properties, especially against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Trichoderma viride, where the extracts from the S1 and S2 treatments showed high effectiveness. In contrast, the highest amounts of flavanones (pinocembrin derivatives) were detected in the control treatment (second harvest), which was also reflected to the highest antioxidant activity (TBARS) for the same treatment. In conclusion, C. raphanina subsp. mixta plants seem to be tolerant to medium salinity stress (S1 treatment) since plant growth was not severely impaired, while salinity and harvesting time affected the nutritional value (fat, proteins, and carbohydrates) and the chemical composition (tocopherols, sugars, oxalic acid, fatty acids), as well as the bioactive properties (cytotoxicity and antimicrobial properties) of the final product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon A. Petropoulos
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou Street, 38446 N. Ionia, Magnissia, Greece
- Correspondence: (S.A.P.); (I.C.F.R.F.); Tel.: +30-242-109-3196 (S.A.P.); +351-27-333-0904 (I.C.F.R.F.)
| | - Ângela Fernandes
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (C.P.); (R.C.C.); (L.B.)
| | - Maria Ines Dias
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (C.P.); (R.C.C.); (L.B.)
| | - Carla Pereira
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (C.P.); (R.C.C.); (L.B.)
| | - Ricardo C. Calhelha
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (C.P.); (R.C.C.); (L.B.)
| | - Antonios Chrysargyris
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, 3603 Lemesos, Cyprus; (A.C.); (N.T.)
| | - Nikolaos Tzortzakis
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, 3603 Lemesos, Cyprus; (A.C.); (N.T.)
| | - Marija Ivanov
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.I.); (M.D.S.)
| | - Marina D. Sokovic
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.I.); (M.D.S.)
| | - Lillian Barros
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (C.P.); (R.C.C.); (L.B.)
| | - Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (C.P.); (R.C.C.); (L.B.)
- Correspondence: (S.A.P.); (I.C.F.R.F.); Tel.: +30-242-109-3196 (S.A.P.); +351-27-333-0904 (I.C.F.R.F.)
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Petropoulos SA, Fernandes Â, Dias MI, Pereira C, Calhelha R, Di Gioia F, Tzortzakis N, Ivanov M, Sokovic M, Barros L, Ferreira ICFR. Wild and Cultivated Centaurea raphanina subsp. mixta: A Valuable Source of Bioactive Compounds. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040314. [PMID: 32326524 PMCID: PMC7222212 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Centaurea raphanina subsp. mixta (DC.) Runemark is a wild edible species endemic to Greece. This study evaluated the chemical composition and bioactive properties of wild and cultivated C. raphanina subsp. mixta plants. Wild plants had higher nutritional value than cultivated ones, whereas cultivated plants contained more tocopherols. Glucose and sucrose were higher in cultivated plants and trehalose in wild ones. Oxalic and total organic acids were detected in higher amounts in cultivated samples. The main fatty acids were α-linolenic, linoleic and palmitic acid, while wild plants were richer in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Two pinocembrin derivatives were the main phenolic compounds being detected in higher amounts in wild plants. Regarding the antioxidant activity, wild and cultivated plants were more effective in the oxidative haemolysis (OxHLIA) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assays, respectively. Moreover, both extracts showed moderate cytotoxicity in non-tumor cell lines (PLP2), while cultivated plants were more effective against cervical carcinoma (HeLa), breast carcinoma (MCF-7) and non-small lung cancer (NCI-H460) cell lines. Finally, wild plants showed higher antimicrobial activity than cultivated plants against specific pathogens. In conclusion, the cultivation of C.raphanina subsp. mixta showed promising results in terms of tocopherols content and antiproliferative effects, however further research is needed to decrease oxalic acid content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon A. Petropoulos
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou Street, 38446 N. Ionia, Greece
- Correspondence: (S.A.P.); (I.C.F.R.F.); Tel.: +30-2421-093-196 (S.A.P.); +351-273-330-904 (I.C.F.R.F.)
| | - Ângela Fernandes
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (L.B.)
| | - Maria Ines Dias
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (L.B.)
| | - Carla Pereira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (L.B.)
| | - Ricardo Calhelha
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (L.B.)
| | - Francesco Di Gioia
- Department of Plant Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, PA 16802, USA;
| | - Nikolaos Tzortzakis
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Lemesos 3603, Cyprus;
| | - Marija Ivanov
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.I.); (M.S.)
| | - Marina Sokovic
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.I.); (M.S.)
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (L.B.)
| | - Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (L.B.)
- Correspondence: (S.A.P.); (I.C.F.R.F.); Tel.: +30-2421-093-196 (S.A.P.); +351-273-330-904 (I.C.F.R.F.)
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Bouzghaia B, Moussa MTB, Goudjil R, Harkat H, Pale P. Chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Centaurea resupinata subsp. dufourii (dostál) greuter. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:4734-4739. [PMID: 31971020 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1715397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The current study focuses on the chemical composition, and evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the aerial parts of Centaurea resupinata subsp. dufourii. Using different chromatographic methods nine compounds 1-9 were isolated. The structural identification of isolated compounds was achieved using several spectroscopic methods NMR techniques (1H NMR, 13C NMR, COSY, HSQC, HMBC) and mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS) and by comparison with literature data. The structures of these compounds were identified as nicotiflorin (1), apigetrin (2), chrysoeriol (3), apigenin (4), chrysin (5), daucosterol (6), β-sitosterol (7), taraxastrerol (8) and lupeol (9). The antibacterial and antioxidant activities of ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts have been evaluated. The antioxidant activity was assessed in vitro using DPPH radical scavenging method, which showed that ethyl acetate extract possessed an interesting antioxidant potential (IC50 = 36.263 ± 0.005 μg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Badra Bouzghaia
- Laboratoire de physio-toxicologie, pathologie cellulaires et moléculaires-biomolécules (LPTPCMB), Département de Pharmacie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Batna-2, Batna, Algérie.,Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences de la Matière, Université de Batna-1, Batna, Algérie
| | - Mohammed Tahar Ben Moussa
- Laboratoire de physio-toxicologie, pathologie cellulaires et moléculaires-biomolécules (LPTPCMB), Département de Pharmacie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Batna-2, Batna, Algérie
| | - Rima Goudjil
- Laboratoire de microbiologie et de biologie végétale, Université de Mostaganem-Algerie, Mostaganem, Algeria
| | - Hassina Harkat
- Laboratoire de physio-toxicologie, pathologie cellulaires et moléculaires-biomolécules (LPTPCMB), Département de Pharmacie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Batna-2, Batna, Algérie
| | - Patrick Pale
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et Réactivité Organiques, Associé au CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Tastan P, Fafal T, Sümer Tüzün B, Gönenç T, Demirci B, Kivcak B. Composition of essential oil and fatty acids of Centaurea pichleri ssp. pichleri. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SECONDARY METABOLITE 2017. [DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.356269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Ertas A, Yilmaz MA, Boga M, Hasimi N, Yesil Y, Goren AC, Temel H, Topcu G. Chemical Profile and Biological Activities of Two Edible Plants: Chemical Investigation and Quantitative Analysis Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2015.1020437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Aktumsek A, Zengin G, Guler GO, Cakmak YS, Duran A. Assessment of the antioxidant potential and fatty acid composition of four Centaurea L. taxa from Turkey. Food Chem 2013; 141:91-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.02.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Screening for in vitro antioxidant properties and fatty acid profiles of five Centaurea L. species from Turkey flora. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:2914-20. [PMID: 21878362 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Revised: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Centaurea species are used for the treatment of various ailments in the popular medicine in some countries. This study was designed to examine antioxidant potentials and fatty acid profiles of five Centaurea species from Turkey flora. Antioxidant properties of methanolic extracts from these species were evaluated by six different methods: phosphomolybdenum assay, free radical scavenging assay, β-carotene/linoleic acid test system, metal chelating activity, ferric and cupric reducing power. Total phenolic and flavonoid concentrations of each extract were also determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and aluminum chloride. The results of these assay showed a significant antioxidant capacity in all researched extracts. Centaurea cheirolopha extract, with the highest amount of total phenolic and flavonoids, showed the highest antioxidant activities in all assay, except for metal chelating. Fatty acid profiles of these species were examined by GC-FID and 30 fatty acids were identified. Palmitic, linoleic, oleic, and linolenic acid were detected as the main components. The results of the study indicated that the Centaurea species can be considered as a source of new natural antioxidants and unsaturated fatty acids for food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.
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Khan AN, Fatima I, Khaliq UA, Malik A, Miana GA, Qureshi ZUR, Rasheed H. Potent anti-platelet constituents from Centaurea iberica. Molecules 2011; 16:2053-64. [PMID: 21358593 PMCID: PMC6259759 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16032053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2011] [Revised: 02/24/2011] [Accepted: 02/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
New naturally occurring nitrogenous compounds 1 and 2, along with a new dimeric lignan glucoside 3, have been isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of Centaurea iberica. Their structures have been elucidated through spectroscopic techniques. All the isolated compounds showed significant platelet aggregation inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Nisar Khan
- International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
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