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Hamdi A, Jaramillo-Carmona S, Rodríguez-Arcos R, Jiménez-Araujo A, Karray Bouraoui N, Guillén-Bejarano R. Phytochemical Profile and In Vitro Bioactivities of Wild Asparagus stipularis. Molecules 2024; 29:817. [PMID: 38398569 PMCID: PMC10892698 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, Asparagus stipularis was characterized concerning its phytochemical composition, antioxidant potential, cytotoxicity, and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities. Twenty-seven compounds were identified and quantified by HPLC-DAD-MS in the leaf, stem, pericarp, and rhizome of ethanolic extracts. Seven steroidal saponins were detected, and the highest content was quantified in rhizome and pericap. A. stipularis also contained significant amounts of flavonoids in the aerial part. Isorhamnetin tetra-glycoside, quercetin-3-glucosyl-rutinoside, and rutin were the main flavonoid derivatives in leaf, stem, and pericarp extracts, respectively. In addition, eleven phenolic acids were also detected; among them, caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and ferulic acid were the predominant phenolics, with these having the highest amounts quantified in the rhizome extracts. All the tested extracts possessed antioxidant capacities, with pericarp and rhizome extracts exhibiting the highest activity in DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. The extracts from pericarp and rhizome were revealed to also be the strongest inhibitors of pancreatic lipase. The rhizome extracts exhibited potent cytotoxic activity against HCT-116 and HepG2 with IC50 values of 30 and 54 µg/mL after 48 h of treatment. The present study demonstrated that A. stipularis can be used as a new source of natural antioxidants and potential anticancer and antiobesity compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Hamdi
- Phytochemicals and Food Quality Group, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain; (S.J.-C.); (R.R.-A.); (A.J.-A.)
- Unité de Physiologie et de Biochimie de la Réponse des Plantes aux Contraintes Abiotiques, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia;
| | - Sara Jaramillo-Carmona
- Phytochemicals and Food Quality Group, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain; (S.J.-C.); (R.R.-A.); (A.J.-A.)
| | - Rocío Rodríguez-Arcos
- Phytochemicals and Food Quality Group, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain; (S.J.-C.); (R.R.-A.); (A.J.-A.)
| | - Ana Jiménez-Araujo
- Phytochemicals and Food Quality Group, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain; (S.J.-C.); (R.R.-A.); (A.J.-A.)
| | - Najoua Karray Bouraoui
- Unité de Physiologie et de Biochimie de la Réponse des Plantes aux Contraintes Abiotiques, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia;
| | - Rafael Guillén-Bejarano
- Phytochemicals and Food Quality Group, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain; (S.J.-C.); (R.R.-A.); (A.J.-A.)
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Abdella M, Lahiri C, Abdullah I, Anwar A. Antibacterial Evaluation of Gallic Acid and its Derivatives against a Panel of Multi-drug Resistant Bacteria. Med Chem 2024; 20:130-139. [PMID: 37612861 DOI: 10.2174/1573406419666230823104300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infectious diseases are the second leading cause of deaths worldwide. Pathogenic bacteria have been developing tremendous resistance against antibiotics which has placed an additional burden on healthcare systems. Gallic acid belongs to a naturally occurring phenolic class of compounds and is known to possess a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activities. AIMS & OBJECTIVES In this study, we synthesized thirteen derivatives of gallic acid and evaluated their antibacterial potential against seven multi-drug resistant bacteria, as well as cytotoxic effects against human embryonic kidney cell line in vitro. Methods: 13 compounds were successfully synthesized with moderate to good yield and evaluated. Synthesized derivatives were characterized by using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy. Antibacterial activity was determined using microdilution while cytotoxicyt was assessed using MTT assay. RESULTS The results of antibacterial assay showed that seven out of thirteen compounds exhibited antibacterial effects with compound 6 and 13 being most potent against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC 56 μg/mL) and Salmonella enterica (MIC 475 μg/mL) respectively. On the other hand, most of these compounds showed lower cytotoxicity against human embryonic kidney cells (HEK 293), with IC50 values ranging from over 700 μg/mL. CONCLUSION Notably, compound 13 was found to be non-toxic at concentrations as high as 5000 μg/mL. These findings suggest that the present synthetic derivatives of gallic acid hold potential for further studies in the development of potent antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdella
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Chandrajit Lahiri
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Atmiya University, Rajkot, 360005, India
| | - Iskandar Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Ayaz Anwar
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
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Tanjung M, Tjahjandarie TS, Aldin MF, Mardhiyyah S, Saputri RD, Syah YM, Ahmat N. Two new flavonols from Macaranga inermis pax & K.Hoffm. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37874007 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2272783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Four isoprenylated flavonols, including two new compounds, macainermisins A-B (1-2), and two known compounds, sinoflavonoid P (3), broussoflavonol F (4), were isolated from the leaves of Macaranga inermis. A combination of HRESIMS, UV, 1D, and 2D NMR spectra elucidated the structures of 1-2. Flavonols (1-4) were evaluated against three cancer cells. Compound 1 showed high cytotoxicity against WiDR with an IC50 value of 0.93 µM, and compound 2 was active towards HeLa and WiDR (IC50 values of 0.90 and 0.94 µM), and compound 3 showed high activity towards 4T1 and HeLa (IC50 values of 0.83 and 0.98 µM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulyadi Tanjung
- Natural Products Chemistry Research Group, Organic Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Tjitjik Srie Tjahjandarie
- Natural Products Chemistry Research Group, Organic Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Fajar Aldin
- Natural Products Chemistry Research Group, Organic Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Shola Mardhiyyah
- Natural Products Chemistry Research Group, Organic Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ratih Dewi Saputri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Yana Maolana Syah
- Natural Products Chemistry Research Group, Organic Chemistry Division, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Norizan Ahmat
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
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Orzoł A, Cruzado-Tafur E, Gołębiowski A, Rogowska A, Pomastowski P, Górecki RJ, Buszewski B, Szultka-Młyńska M, Głowacka K. Comprehensive Study of Si-Based Compounds in Selected Plants ( Pisum sativum L., Medicago sativa L., Triticum aestivum L.). Molecules 2023; 28:4311. [PMID: 37298792 PMCID: PMC10254194 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This review describes the role of silicon (Si) in plants. Methods of silicon determination and speciation are also reported. The mechanisms of Si uptake by plants, silicon fractions in the soil, and the participation of flora and fauna in the Si cycle in terrestrial ecosystems have been overviewed. Plants of Fabaceae (especially Pisum sativum L. and Medicago sativa L.) and Poaceae (particularly Triticum aestivum L.) families with different Si accumulation capabilities were taken into consideration to describe the role of Si in the alleviation of the negative effects of biotic and abiotic stresses. The article focuses on sample preparation, which includes extraction methods and analytical techniques. The methods of isolation and the characterization of the Si-based biologically active compounds from plants have been overviewed. The antimicrobial properties and cytotoxic effects of known bioactive compounds obtained from pea, alfalfa, and wheat were also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Orzoł
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (A.O.); (A.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Edith Cruzado-Tafur
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland; (E.C.-T.); (R.J.G.)
| | - Adrian Gołębiowski
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (A.O.); (A.G.); (B.B.)
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Wilenska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (A.R.); (P.P.)
| | - Agnieszka Rogowska
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Wilenska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (A.R.); (P.P.)
| | - Paweł Pomastowski
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Wilenska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (A.R.); (P.P.)
| | - Ryszard J. Górecki
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland; (E.C.-T.); (R.J.G.)
| | - Bogusław Buszewski
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (A.O.); (A.G.); (B.B.)
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Wilenska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (A.R.); (P.P.)
| | - Małgorzata Szultka-Młyńska
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (A.O.); (A.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Katarzyna Głowacka
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland; (E.C.-T.); (R.J.G.)
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Yan XX, Zhao YQ, He Y, Disayathanoowat T, Pandith H, Inta A, Yang LX. Cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effects of botanical drugs derived from the indigenous cultivated medicinal plant Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1100825. [PMID: 36778018 PMCID: PMC9911168 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1100825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer is one of the top two leading causes of death worldwide. Ethnobotanical research, it is one of methods, which is able to discover effective anticancer drugs based on "prototype" of indigenous people's historical experiences and practices. The rhizomes of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis (Franch.) Hand.-Mazz. have been used as botanical drugs to treat cancer by Yi, Bai, Dai, and Naxi ethnic groups in Yunnan, China, where this species is widely cultivated in a large scale in Yunnan. Materials and methods: To identify the substances of anticancer activities based on indigenous medicine knowledge, chromatography was performed to separate saponins from the rhizomes of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis, followed by spectroscopy to determine the structure of six isolated saponins. The cytotoxicity of five extracts and six pure compounds were evaluated by MTS method. Quantitative determination of total saponins of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis was analyzed by HPLC. Cell cycle assay, apoptosis assay, and mitochondrial membrane potential were used to evaluate the pro-apoptotic activity in vitro. Results: Five extracts and six pure saponins showed significant inhibitory cytotoxic activities of three human liver cancer cell lines (SMMC-7721, HepG2, and SK-HEP-1) and one non-small-cell lung cancer cell line (A549). The contents of Paris saponins I, II, and VII were 6.96% in the rhizomes of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis, much higher than Chinese Pharmacopoeia standards (0.6%). Six saponins induced significant apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in three human cancer cell lines (A549, SMMC-7721, and HepG2), which was associated with the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Conclusion: The result of this study support that cultivated P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis could be a substitute for wild resource as an anticancer medicine based on indigenous medicine knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Xiang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Yan-Qiang Zhao
- College of Forestry and Vocational Technology in Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yun He
- Lijiang Yunxin Green Biological Development Co., Ltd., Lijiang, Yunnan, China
| | - Terd Disayathanoowat
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Hataichanok Pandith
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Angkhana Inta
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand,*Correspondence: Angkhana Inta, ; Li-Xin Yang,
| | - Li-Xin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China,*Correspondence: Angkhana Inta, ; Li-Xin Yang,
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Alam A, Jawaid T, Alsanad SM, Kamal M, Balaha MF. Composition, Antibacterial Efficacy, and Anticancer Activity of Essential Oil Extracted from Psidium guajava (L.) Leaves. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12020246. [PMID: 36678958 PMCID: PMC9863818 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils (EO) are used as a natural remedy to treat various chronic diseases, although clinical evidence is lacking. In this context, we have endeavored to measure the percentage of chemical composition and biological efficacy of Psidium guajava (guava) leaf essential oil in treating oral infections and oral cancer. The essential oil obtained from hydrodistillation of P. guajava L. leaves was analyzed by gas chromatography−mass spectrometry (GC−MS). The activities of selected oral pathogens Candida albicans (C. albicans) and Streptococcus mutans (S. mutants) were studied in vitro and in silico. MTT assay was used to test for anticancer activity against human oral epidermal carcinoma (KB). GC−MS showed that the main components of PGLEO were limonene (38.01%) and β-caryophyllene (27.98%). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 0.05−0.1% were demonstrated against C. albicans and S. mutans. Antimicrobial activity against C. albicans and S. mutans, as shown by molecular linkage analysis, revealed that the main metabolites, limonene and β-caryophyllene, potentially inhibited the receptors of C. albicans and S. mutans. PGLEO showed significant (p < 0.001) anticancer activity (45.89%) at 200 µg/mL compared to doxorubicin (47.87%) with an IC50 value of 188.98 µg/mL. The outcomes of the present study suggest that PGLEO has promising antimicrobial and anticancer activities and could be a useful source for developing a natural therapeutic agent for oral infections and oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aftab Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talha Jawaid
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13317, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud M. Alsanad
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13317, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehnaz Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F. Balaha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
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Saleemi MA, Yahaya N, Zain NNM, Raoov M, Yong YK, Noor NS, Lim V. Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Effects of Cannabinoids: An Updated Review with Future Perspectives and Current Challenges. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1228. [PMID: 36297340 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of new antibiotics is urgently needed to combat the threat of bacterial resistance. New classes of compounds that have novel properties are urgently needed for the development of effective antimicrobial agents. The extract of Cannabis sativa L. has been used to treat multiple ailments since ancient times. Its bioactivity is largely attributed to the cannabinoids found in its plant. Researchers are currently searching for new anti-infective agents that can treat various infections. Although its phytocannabinoid ingredients have a wide range of medical benefits beyond the treatment of infections, they are primarily associated to psychotropic effects. Different cannabinoids have been demonstrated to be helpful against harmful bacteria, including Gram-positive bacteria. Moreover, combination therapy involving the use of different antibiotics has shown synergism and broad-spectrum activity. The purpose of this review is to gather current data on the actions of Cannabis sativa (C. sativa) extracts and its primary constituents such as terpenes and cannabinoids towards pathogens in order to determine their antimicrobial properties and cytotoxic effects together with current challenges and future perspectives in biomedical application.
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Tan AS, Singh J, Rezali NS, Muhamad M, Nik Mohamed Kamal NNS, Six Y, Azmi MN. Synthesis of Bio-Inspired 1,3-Diarylpropene Derivatives via Heck Cross-Coupling and Cytotoxic Evaluation on Breast Cancer Cells. Molecules 2022; 27. [PMID: 36080141 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Heck cross-coupling reaction is a well-established chemical tool for the synthesis of unsaturated compounds by formation of a new C-C bond. In this study, 1,3-diarylpropene derivatives, designed as structural analogues of stilbenoids and dihydrostilbenoids, were synthesised by the palladium-catalysed reactions of 2-amidoiodobenzene derivatives with either estragole or eugenol. The products were obtained with high (E) stereoselectivity but as two regioisomers. The ratios of isomers were found to be dependent on the nature of the allylbenzene partner and were rationalised by electronic effects exercising a determining influence in the β-hydride elimination step. In addition, the cytotoxic effects of all the Heck reaction products were evaluated against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells, with unpromising results. Among all, compound 7d exhibited weak cytotoxic activity towards MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 values of 47.92 µM in comparison with tamoxifen and was considered to have general toxicity (SI value < 2).
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Kraemer MM, Tsimpaki T, Berchner-Pfannschmidt U, Bechrakis NE, Seitz B, Fiorentzis M. Calcium Electroporation Reduces Viability and Proliferation Capacity of Four Uveal Melanoma Cell Lines in 2D and 3D Cultures. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122889. [PMID: 35740554 PMCID: PMC9221408 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Calcium electroporation (CaEP) is an innovative anti-tumor treatment modality that induces cell death by introducing supraphysiological concentrations of calcium into cells with a limited effect on normal cells. The objective of the present study is to assess the effect of CaEP in uveal melanoma (UM) cell lines in comparison to electrochemotherapy (ECT) with bleomycin using 2D monolayer cell cultures as well as 3D tumor spheroid models in four different UM cell lines. The morphological changes of the spheroids, the cell viability, growth rate as well as the cytotoxic effect of electroporation (EP) with calcium chloride and bleomycin were evaluated with various drug concentrations. The results of CaEP and ECT both suggest a comparable dose-dependent reduction in cell viability and proliferation rate in all tested 2D cell lines and 3D tumor spheroids. These data point out that CaEP is an established anticancer treatment causing cell death by ATP depletion in in vitro and in vivo, representing an efficient alternative therapy with a lower cytotoxic potency for the local UM tumor control. Abstract Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is the combination of transient pore formation following electric pulse application with the administration of cytotoxic drugs, which enhances the cytotoxic effect of the applied agent due to membrane changes and permeabilization. Although EP represents an established therapeutic option for solid malignancies, recent advances shift to the investigation of non-cytotoxic agents, such as calcium, which can also induce cell death. The present study aims to evaluate the cytotoxic effect, the morphological changes in tumor spheroids, the effect on the cell viability, and the cell-specific growth rate following calcium electroporation (CaEP) in uveal melanoma (UM) 2D monolayer cell cultures as well as in 3D tumor spheroid models. The experiments were conducted in four cell lines, UM92.1, Mel270, and two primary UM cell lines, UPMD2 and UPMM3 (UPM). The 2D and 3D UM cell cultures were electroporated with eight rectangular pulses (100 µs pulse duration, 5 Hz repetition frequency) of a 1000 V/cm pulse strength alone or in combination with 0.11 mg/mL, 0.28 mg/mL, 0.55 mg/mL or 1.11 mg/mL calcium chloride or 1.0 µg/mL or 2.5 µg/mL bleomycin. The application of calcium chloride alone induced an ATP reduction only in the UM92.1 2D cell cultures. Calcium alone had no significant effect on ATP levels in all four UM spheroids. A significant decrease in the intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level was documented in all four 2D and 3D cell cultures for both CaEP as well as ECT with bleomycin. The results suggest a dose-dependent ATP depletion with a wide range of sensitivity among the tested UM cell lines, control groups, and the applied settings in both 2D monolayer cell cultures and 3D tumor spheroid models. The colony formation capacity of the cell lines after two weeks reduced significantly after CaEP only with 0.5 mg/mL and 1.1 mg/mL, whereas the same effect could be achieved with both applied bleomycin concentrations, 1.0 µg/mL and 2.5 µg/mL, for the ECT group. The specific growth rate on day 7 following CaEP was significantly reduced in UM92.1 cell lines with 0.5 and 1.1 mg/mL calcium chloride, while Mel270 showed a similar effect only after administration of 1.1 mg/mL. UM92.1 and Mel270 spheroids exhibited lower adhesion and density after CaEP on day three in comparison to UPM spheroids showing detachment after day 7 following treatment. CaEP and bleomycin electroporation significantly reduce cell viability at similar applied voltage settings. CaEP may be a feasible and inexpensive therapeutic option for the local tumor control with fewer side effects, in comparison to other chemotherapeutic agents, for the treatment of uveal melanoma. The limited effect on normal cells and the surrounding tissue has already been investigated, but further research is necessary to clarify the effect on the surrounding tissue and to facilitate its application in a clinical setting for the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam M. Kraemer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufeland Str. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (M.M.K.); (T.T.); (U.B.-P.); (N.E.B.)
| | - Theodora Tsimpaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufeland Str. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (M.M.K.); (T.T.); (U.B.-P.); (N.E.B.)
| | - Utta Berchner-Pfannschmidt
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufeland Str. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (M.M.K.); (T.T.); (U.B.-P.); (N.E.B.)
| | - Nikolaos E. Bechrakis
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufeland Str. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (M.M.K.); (T.T.); (U.B.-P.); (N.E.B.)
| | - Berthold Seitz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Str. 100, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Miltiadis Fiorentzis
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufeland Str. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; (M.M.K.); (T.T.); (U.B.-P.); (N.E.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-723-2900
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Asserghine A, Ashrafi AM, Mukherjee A, Petrlak F, Heger Z, Svec P, Richtera L, Nagy L, Souto RM, Nagy G, Adam V. In Situ Investigation of the Cytotoxic and Interfacial Characteristics of Titanium When Galvanically Coupled with Magnesium Using Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:43587-43596. [PMID: 34473486 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c10584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the cytotoxic properties of galvanically coupled Ti-Mg particles have been shown in different cells. This cytotoxic effect has been attributed mainly to Mg due to its tendency to undergo activation when coupled with Ti, forming a galvanic cell consisting of an anode (Mg) and a cathode (Ti). However, the role of the Ti cathode has been ignored in explaining the cytotoxic effect of Ti-Mg particles due to its high resistance to corrosion. In this work, the role of titanium (Ti) in the cytotoxic mechanism of galvanically coupled Ti-Mg particles was examined. A model galvanic cell (MGC) was prepared to simulate the Mg-Ti particles. The electrochemical reactivity of the Ti sample and the pH change in it due to galvanic coupling with Mg were investigated using scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). It was observed that the Ti surface changed from passive to electrochemically active when coupled with Mg. Furthermore, after only 15 min of galvanic coupling with Mg, the pH in the electrolyte volume adjacent to the Ti surface increased to an alkaline pH value. The effects of the galvanic coupling of Ti and Mg, as well as those of the alkaline pH environment, on the viability of Hs27 fibroblast cells were investigated. It was shown that the viability of Hs27 cells significantly diminished when Mg and Ti were galvanically coupled compared to when the two metals were electrically disconnected. Thus, although Ti usually exhibited high corrosion resistance when exposed to physiological environments, an electrochemically active surface was observed when galvanically coupled with Mg, and this surface may participate in electron transfer reactions with chemical species in the neighboring environment; this participation resulted in the increased pH values above its surface and enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species. These features contributed to the development of cytotoxic effects by galvanically coupled Ti-Mg particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelilah Asserghine
- Department of General and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pecs, Ifjussg u. 6, Pecs 7624, Hungary
- Laboratoire Interfaces et Systemes Electrochimiques (LISE), Sorbonne Universite, CNRS, 4 Place Jussieu, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Amir M Ashrafi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1665/1, Brno 613 00, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, Brno CZ-612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Atripan Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1665/1, Brno 613 00, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, Brno CZ-612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Petrlak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1665/1, Brno 613 00, Czech Republic
| | - Zbynek Heger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1665/1, Brno 613 00, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, Brno CZ-612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Svec
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1665/1, Brno 613 00, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Richtera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1665/1, Brno 613 00, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, Brno CZ-612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Livia Nagy
- Department of General and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pecs, Ifjussg u. 6, Pecs 7624, Hungary
- Janos Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pecs, Ifjusag u. 20, Pecs 7624, Hungary
| | - Ricardo M Souto
- Institute of Material Science and Nanotechnology, University of La Laguna, P.O. Box 456, La Laguna E-38200, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Geza Nagy
- Department of General and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pecs, Ifjussg u. 6, Pecs 7624, Hungary
- Janos Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pecs, Ifjusag u. 20, Pecs 7624, Hungary
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1665/1, Brno 613 00, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, Brno CZ-612 00, Czech Republic
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11
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Fiorentzis M, Sokolenko EA, Bechrakis NE, Ting S, Schmid KW, Sak A, Stuschke M, Seitz B, Berchner-Pfannschmidt U. Electrochemotherapy with Bleomycin Enhances Radiosensitivity of Uveal Melanomas: First In Vitro Results in 3D Cultures of Primary Uveal Melanoma Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3086. [PMID: 34205625 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular tumor in adults. Treatment options for UM include radiotherapy, thermotherapy and tumor resection. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a new therapeutic modality for local tumor control in various cancer entities. The current study assesses the radiosensitizing effect of concomitant ECT with bleomycin and irradiation on 3D tumor spheroids with primary and radioresistant uveal melanoma cell lines. The evaluation of the radiosensitizing effect of ECT as a drug delivery system was based on the changes in the spheroid growth, the cell viability as well as the cytotoxic long-term effect of the combined treatment. The primary cell lines showed a higher radiosensitivity and required lower irradiation and bleomycin doses in comparison to cell lines originating from previously irratiated tumors. ECT should be further assessed for its applicability in clinical settings as a therapeutic radiosensitizing option for radioresistant tumors. Abstract Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is emerging as a complementary treatment modality for local tumor control in various cancer entities. Irradiation is an established therapeutic option for oncologic patients, which is commonly combined with chemotherapy due to its insufficient targeting ability. The efficiency of radiotherapy for tumors can be enhanced with different radiosensitizers. ECT can potentiate the radiosensitizing effect of chemotherapeutic agents such as bleomycin. The present study aims to evaluate the radiosensitizing effect of concomitant ECT with bleomycin on 3D tumor spheroids with primary and radioresistant uveal melanoma cell lines (UPMD2, UPMM3, UM92.1, Mel270) and irradiation. The changes in the spheroid growth and the cell viability as well the cytotoxic long-term effect of the combination treatment were evaluated with various combinations of electroporation settings and bleomycin concentrations as well as radiotherapy doses. A broad range of radiosensitivity was documented among the spheroids from different uveal melanoma cell lines. The primary cell lines showed a higher radiosensitivity and required lower irradiation and bleomycin doses. The maximal tumor control with a reduction of cell survival <10% was achieved with a 5 Gy irradiation only in the primary uveal melanoma cell lines and in combination with all tested ECT settings, whereas the same result could be obtained in UM92.1 spheroids only after ECT with 20 Gy irradiation. Based on the spheroid growth and the measurement of the cross-sectional area, the Mel270 spheroids, originating from a previously irradiated recurrent uveal melanoma, required higher doses of bleomycin and ECT settings after irradiation with 5 Gy in order to achieve a significant growth reduction. No significant difference could be demonstrated for the reduction of cell viability in the combination therapy with 20 Gy and 1000 V/cm between 1 and 2.5 µg/mL bleomycin even in Mel270 spheroids, underlying the importance of a drug delivery system to potentiate the radiosensitizing effect of agents in lower doses. ECT should be further assessed for its applicability in clinical settings as a therapeutic radiosensitizing option for radioresistant tumors and a sufficient local tumor control with lower chemotherapy and irradiation doses.
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12
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Lozano-Trujillo LA, Garzón-Perdomo DK, Vargas ACR, de Los Reyes LM, Avila-Rodriguez MF, Gay OTG, Turner LF. Cytotoxic Effects of Blue Scorpion Venom (Rhopalurus junceus) in a Glioblastoma Cell Line Model. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 22:636-645. [PMID: 32679017 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200717092207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is one of the leading cause of death worldwide. Besides current therapies and treatments to counter cancer, new alternatives are required to diminish the cell proliferation of oncogenic processes. METHODS One of the most promissory therapy includes the use of blue scorpion venom as a specific cytotoxic agent to kill tumoral cells, including Glioblastoma multiforme. OBJECTIVES We show evidence of the cytotoxic effect of blue scorpion venom in a cellular model of Glioblastoma multiforme. RESULTS Our results demonstrate that 50 μg/ml of scorpion venom is capable to diminish the viability of Glioblastoma populations. CONCLUSION It is possible that the action mechanism could be associated with a loss of membrane integrity. Additionally, some metalloproteinases as MMP2 and MMP9 may also participate in the potential action mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Lozano-Trujillo
- Departamento de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Tolima, 730006299, Ibague, Colombia
| | - Diana K Garzón-Perdomo
- Departamento de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Tolima, 730006299, Ibague, Colombia
| | - Andrea C R Vargas
- Departamento de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Tolima, 730006299, Ibague, Colombia
| | - Lina M de Los Reyes
- Departamento de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Tolima, 730006299, Ibague, Colombia
| | - Marco F Avila-Rodriguez
- Departamento de Ciencias Clinicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Tolima, 730006299, Ibague, Colombia
| | | | - Liliana F Turner
- Departamento de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Tolima, 730006299, Ibague, Colombia
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13
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Jin JO, Chauhan PS, Arukha AP, Chavda V, Dubey A, Yadav D. The Therapeutic Potential of the Anticancer Activity of Fucoidan: Current Advances and Hurdles. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19050265. [PMID: 34068561 PMCID: PMC8151601 DOI: 10.3390/md19050265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Several types of cancers share cellular and molecular behaviors. Although many chemotherapy drugs have been designed to weaken the defenses of cancer cells, these drugs may also have cytotoxic effects on healthy tissues. Fucoidan, a sulfated fucose-based polysaccharide from brown algae, has gained much attention as an antitumor drug owing to its anticancer effects against multiple cancer types. Among the anticancer mechanisms of fucoidan are cell cycle arrest, apoptosis evocation, and stimulation of cytotoxic natural killer cells and macrophages. Fucoidan also protects against toxicity associated with chemotherapeutic drugs and radiation-induced damage. The synergistic effect of fucoidan with existing anticancer drugs has prompted researchers to explore its therapeutic potential. This review compiles the mechanisms through which fucoidan slows tumor growth, kills cancer cells, and interacts with cancer chemotherapy drugs. The obstacles involved in developing fucoidan as an anticancer agent are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-O. Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-O.J.); (D.Y.)
| | - Pallavi Singh Chauhan
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior 474005, India;
| | - Ananta Prasad Arukha
- Comparative Diagnostic and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA;
| | - Vishal Chavda
- Division of Anaesthesia, Sardar Women’s Hospital, Ahmedabad 380004, Gujarat, India;
| | - Anuj Dubey
- Department of Chemistry, ITM Group of Institutions, Gwalior 475005, India;
| | - Dhananjay Yadav
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-O.J.); (D.Y.)
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14
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Dal Poggetto G, Catauro M, Crescente G, Leonelli C. Efficient Addition of Waste Glass in MK-Based Geopolymers: Microstructure, Antibacterial and Cytotoxicity Investigation. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1493. [PMID: 34066545 PMCID: PMC8124374 DOI: 10.3390/polym13091493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Reuse of waste glass can significantly decrease the quantity of waste to be treated or disposed of in landfills, allowing to both diminish the ecological damage and to reduce the costs of transportation for removal. Geopolymer mixes with diverse percentages (20, 50 and 60 wt%) and with different grain size ranges (37 μm < diam < 53 μm; 75 μm < diam < 105 μm) of waste glass and the residual part of pure metakaolin were prepared by addition of NaOH and sodium silicate as alkaline activator solutions. The effect of waste glass on the mechanical and microstructure of new geopolymers has been explored in this study. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) evidenced the reactivity of waste glass in terms of Si-O and Si-O-Al bonds, more evident for the finer waste glass powder. The consolidation of the materials has been established by reduced weight loss in water and decreased pH and ionic conductivity of the eluate after 7, 14 and 28 days of curing at room temperature. The decrease of the mechanical properties with waste glass content was less evident for the finer glassy powders, yet the value of about 4-5 MPa indicates their potential use as non-structural materials. The consolidated final materials were tested for their effects on the microbial growth of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis after 24 and 48 h, respectively. The samples showed a very limited and absent inhibition zone, for fine and coarse grain size ranges, respectively. Finally, the cytotoxicity tests accomplished the ecological valuation of the final consolidated products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Dal Poggetto
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via P. Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Michelina Catauro
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy;
| | - Giuseppina Crescente
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy;
| | - Cristina Leonelli
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via P. Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, Italy;
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15
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Abdrakhmanova ER, Vlasova NV, Masyagutova LM, Gizatullina LG, Gimranova GG, Chudnovets GM, Sadrtdinova GR. Cytogenetic features of buccal epithelium under exposure to harmful factors of metallurgical production. Klin Lab Diagn 2021; 66:99-103. [PMID: 33734643 DOI: 10.51620/0869-2084-2021-66-2-99-103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
At the present stage of development of society, the issues of preserving and strengthening the most important productive force that determine the economic development and national security of the country remain relevant. Metallurgy is one of the basic industries in Russia, which forms up to 20% of GDP. This study assesses the condition of the oral mucosa in workers in the industry. To evaluate the formation of micronuclei in buccal cells as an early biomarker of health disorders as a result of occupational exposure to production factors of a metallurgical plant. Hygienic and clinical laboratory tests were carried out for workers of the metallurgical plant of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Cytological studies of the buccal epithelium were performed. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the applied programs IBM, SPSS, Statistics, Microsoft Excel. The general assessment of working conditions in accordance with the criteria of R.2.2.2006-05 for workers of the metallurgical plant was established as 3.2-3.3. Analysis of the buccal epithelium revealed the occurrence of cells with cytogenetic disorders in the workers of the main group. Cells with atypical nuclei were identified in workers with a duration of contact with unfavorable factors of production for more than ten years. Signs of nuclear destruction were revealed, characterizing an increase in apoptotic activity in workers with prolonged contact times. Studies have shown that with more than 10 years of work experience, proliferation processes prevail over differentiation processes. The results obtained can be used as diagnostic methods that expand the prospects for identifying pre-pathological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Rafilovna Abdrakhmanova
- Federal Budgetary Institution of Science "Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human Ecology".,Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Bashkir State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
| | - N V Vlasova
- Federal Budgetary Institution of Science "Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human Ecology"
| | - L M Masyagutova
- Federal Budgetary Institution of Science "Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human Ecology".,Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Bashkir State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
| | - L G Gizatullina
- Federal Budgetary Institution of Science "Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human Ecology"
| | - G G Gimranova
- Federal Budgetary Institution of Science "Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human Ecology".,Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Bashkir State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
| | - G M Chudnovets
- Federal Budgetary Institution of Science "Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human Ecology"
| | - G R Sadrtdinova
- Federal Budgetary Institution of Science "Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human Ecology"
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16
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Miri A, Najafzadeh H, Darroudi M, Miri MJ, Kouhbanani MAJ, Sarani M. Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Biosynthesis, Magnetic Behavior, Cytotoxic Effect. ChemistryOpen 2021; 10:327-333. [PMID: 33590731 PMCID: PMC7953481 DOI: 10.1002/open.202000186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles have attracted much attention because of their superparamagnetic properties and their potential applications in many fields such as magnetic storage devices, catalysis, sensors, superparamagnetic relaxometry (SPMR), and high-sensitivity biomolecule magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for medical diagnosis and therapeutics. In this study, iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe2 O3 NPs) have been synthesized using a taranjabin (camelthorn or persian manna) aqueous solution. The synthesized Fe2 O3 NPs were identified through powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field energy scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM) and Raman technics. The results show that the nanoparticles have a hexagonal structure with 20 to 60 nm in size. The cytotoxic effect of the synthesized nanoparticles has been tested upon application against lung cancer cell (A549) lines. It was found that there is no cytotoxic activity at lower concentrations of 200 μg/mL. The ability of the synthesized nanoparticles for lead removal in wastewaters was tested. Results show that highest concentration of adsorbent (50 mg/L) has maximum removal efficiency (96.73 %). So, synthesized Fe2 O3 NPs can be a good candidate to use as heavy metals cleaner from contaminated waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolhossein Miri
- Department of PharmacognosyFaculty of PharmacyZabol University of Medical SciencesZabolIran
| | - Hakimeh Najafzadeh
- Department of PharmacognosyFaculty of PharmacyZabol University of Medical SciencesZabolIran
| | - Majid Darroudi
- Nuclear Medicine Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mohammad Javad Miri
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research CenterZabol University of Medical SciencesZabolIran
| | - Mohammad Amin Jadidi Kouhbanani
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mina Sarani
- Zabol Medicinal Plants Research CenterZabol University of Medical SciencesP.O. Box, 3333669699ZabolIran
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Sajkowska-Kozielewicz JJ, Kozielewicz P, Makarova K, Stocki M, Barnes NM, Paradowska K. Geissospermiculatine, a New Alkaloid from Geissospermum reticulatum Bark. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010143. [PMID: 33396182 PMCID: PMC7795935 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A new alkaloid, geissospermiculatine was characterized in Geissospermum reticulatum A. H. Gentry bark (Apocynaceae). Here, following a simplified isolation protocol, the structure of the alkaloid was elucidated through GC-MS, LC-MS/MS, 1D, and 2D NMR (COSY, ROESY, HSQC, HMBC, 1H-15N HMBC). Cytotoxic properties were evaluated in vitro on malignant THP-1 cells, and the results demonstrated that the cytotoxicity of the alkaloid (30 μg/mL) was comparable with staurosporine (10 μM). Additionally, the toxicity was tested on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos in vivo by monitoring their development (0–72 h); toxicity was not evident at 30 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna J. Sajkowska-Kozielewicz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (K.M.); (K.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Paweł Kozielewicz
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B152TT, UK;
| | - Katerina Makarova
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (K.M.); (K.P.)
| | - Marcin Stocki
- Institute of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Bialystok University of Technology, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Nicholas M. Barnes
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B152TT, UK;
| | - Katarzyna Paradowska
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (K.M.); (K.P.)
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18
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Hu X, Wang Y, Gao X, Xu S, Zang L, Xiao Y, Li Z, Hua H, Xu J, Li D. Recent Progress of Oridonin and Its Derivatives for the Treatment of Acute Myelogenous Leukemia. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:483-497. [PMID: 31660811 DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666191029121809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
First stage human clinical trial (CTR20150246) for HAO472, the L-alanine-(14-oridonin) ester trifluoroacetate, was conducted by a Chinese company, Hengrui Medicine Co. Ltd, to develop a new treatment for acute myelogenous leukemia. Two patents, WO2015180549A1 and CN201410047904.X, covered the development of the I-type crystal, stability experiment, conversion rate research, bioavailability experiment, safety assessment, and solubility study. HAO472 hewed out new avenues to explore the therapeutic properties of oridonin derivatives and develop promising treatment of cancer originated from naturally derived drug candidates. Herein, we sought to overview recent progress of the synthetic, physiological, and pharmacological investigations of oridonin and its derivatives, aiming to disclose the therapeutic potentials and broaden the platform for the discovery of new anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Valiant Co. Ltd., 11 Wuzhishan Road, YEDA Yantai, Shandong 264006, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Shengtao Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Linghe Zang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhanlin Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Huiming Hua
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jinyi Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Dahong Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, and School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
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19
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Khan MF, Nasr FA, Noman OM, Alyhya NA, Ali I, Saoud M, Rennert R, Dube M, Hussain W, Green IR, Basudan OAM, Ullah R, Anazi SH, Hussain H. Cichorins D-F: Three New Compounds from Cichorium intybus and Their Biological Effects. Molecules 2020; 25:E4160. [PMID: 32932909 PMCID: PMC7570803 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cichorium intybus L., (chicory) is employed in various traditional medicines to treat a wide range of diseases and disorders. In the current investigation, two new naphthalane derivatives viz., cichorins D (1) and E (2), along with one new anthraquinone cichorin F (3), were isolated from Cichorium intybus. In addition, three previously reported compounds viz., β-sitosterol (4), β-sitosterol β-glucopyranoside (5), and stigmasterol (6) were also isolated from Cichorium intybus. Their structures were established via extensive spectroscopic data, including 1D (1H and 13C) and 2D NMR (COSY, HSQC and HMBC), and ESIMS. Cichorin E (2) has a weak cytotoxic effect on breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-468: IC50: 85.9 µM) and Ewing's sarcoma cells (SK-N-MC: IC50: 71.1 µM); cichorin F (3) also illustrated weak cytotoxic effects on breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-468: IC50: 41.0 µM and MDA-MB-231: IC50: 45.6 µM), and SK-N-MC cells (IC50: 71.9 µM). Moreover compounds 1-3 did not show any promising anthelmintic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Farooq Khan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.F.K.); (N.A.A.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Fahd A. Nasr
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.N.); (O.M.N.); (R.U.)
| | - Omar M. Noman
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.N.); (O.M.N.); (R.U.)
| | - Nouf Abdulaziz Alyhya
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.F.K.); (N.A.A.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Iftikhar Ali
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China;
- Department of Chemistry, Karakoram International University, Gilgit 15100, Pakistan
| | - Mohamad Saoud
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Salle), Germany; (M.S.); (R.R.); (M.D.)
| | - Robert Rennert
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Salle), Germany; (M.S.); (R.R.); (M.D.)
| | - Mthandazo Dube
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Salle), Germany; (M.S.); (R.R.); (M.D.)
| | - Wahid Hussain
- Department of Botany, Government Post Graduate College Parachinar, Parachinar 26300, District Kurram, Pakistan;
| | - Ivan R. Green
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa;
| | - Omer Ahmed M. Basudan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.N.); (O.M.N.); (R.U.)
| | - Shamsa Hilal Anazi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.F.K.); (N.A.A.); (S.H.A.)
| | - Hidayat Hussain
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Salle), Germany; (M.S.); (R.R.); (M.D.)
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20
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Janardhanan S, Mahendra J, Mahendra L, Devarajan N. Cytotoxic Effects of Mangosteen Pericarp Extracts on Oral Cancer and Cervical Cancer Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:2577-2583. [PMID: 32986355 PMCID: PMC7779451 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.9.2577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Despite immense advancements in treatment modalities, cancer remains a dreadful disease until the present. The major influencing factors behind the increased mortality rate of cancer are increased drug resistance and severe adverse effects caused by conventional cancer therapies. To overcome these limitations, the current medical field is focusing more on natural phyto-derived molecules to mitigate cancer. Mangosteen is a phytotherapeutic with potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In the present study, we investigated the anticancer potential of the crude ethanolic extract of mangosteen against two dreadful forms of cancers, namely, oral cancer and cervical cancer, in vitro. Methodology: The pericarp of Garcinia mangostana or mangosteen was removed, air-dried, ground to fine powder, and macerated with ethanol. The extract obtained was then filtered and extracted with water for 48 h. The aqueous fraction thus obtained was then concentrated with a rotary evaporator at 40°C and dried with a freeze dryer. The anticancer efficacy of these extracts was investigated in human tongue squamous cell carcinoma (H357) cells and cervical cancer cells (HeLa) using the MTT assay, TUNEL assay, western blotting, and flow cytometry techniques. Results: The crude mangosteen pericarp extract (MPE) significantly inhibited the growth of H357 and HeLa cells in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, mangosteen induced early apoptosis in these cells after 48 h of incubation. Mangosteen also upregulated the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins, including caspases and Bax, and downregulated the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Conclusion: The MPE exerted significant cytotoxicity against the H357 and HeLa cells in a dose-dependent manner and promoted their apoptosis. Hence, this natural phytoextract can be considered a potent anticancer agent for treating oral cancer and cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunitha Janardhanan
- Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Jaideep Mahendra
- Faculty of Dentistry, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital Chennai Chennai, India
| | - Little Mahendra
- Maktoum Bin Hamdan Dental University College, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nalini Devarajan
- Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
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21
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Zhu JP, Ma YR, Teng Y, Chen J, Banwell MG, Lan P. Emulsifying Properties of an Homologous Series of Medium- and Long-Chain d-Maltotriose Esters and their Impacts on the Viabilities of Selected Cell Lines. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:9004-9013. [PMID: 32698579 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of functional as well as nutritional surfactants for the food industry remains a matter of great interest. In the present study, a series of 6″-O-acylmaltotriose monoesters bearing alkyl side chains of 10-18 carbons was prepared by enzymatic means. The emulsions derived from those monoesters incorporating palmitoyl, stearoyl, and oleoyl side chains generally displayed advantageous shelf-lives, superior resistance to environmental variations, and more favorable droplet size distributions as well as stronger cytotoxic effects against various cancer cell lines. Ester 6 was shown to significantly inhibit the proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells by inducing G1 phase arrest. Specifically, the levels of the G1 phase-related markers cyclin D1 and cyclin E as well as the cycle-dependent kinase 4 were suppressed by this particular ester. This study thus reveals that maltotriose esters can not only serve as novel functional food emulsifiers but also act, in vitro, as notable cytotoxic agents through a well-defined mechanism-of-action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Peng Zhu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519070, China
| | - Ya-Ru Ma
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519070, China
| | - Yinglai Teng
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519070, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519070, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Martin G Banwell
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519070, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Ping Lan
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519070, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
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22
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Petropoulos SA, Fernandes Â, Dias MI, Pereira C, Calhelha RC, Ivanov M, Sokovic MD, Ferreira ICFR, Barros L. The Effect of Nitrogen Fertigation and Harvesting Time on Plant Growth and Chemical Composition of Centaurea raphanina subsp. mixta (DC.) Runemark. Molecules 2020; 25:E3175. [PMID: 32664565 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertigation (0, 200, 400, and 600 ppm of total nitrogen) and harvesting time (9 March 2018 and 19 April 2018) on the plant growth, chemical composition, and bioactive properties of Centaurea raphanina subsp. mixta plants. The highest yield of fresh leaves was observed for the treatment of 200 ppm of N without compromising nutritional value. The increasing nitrogen levels resulted in an increase of α- and total tocopherols and sugars content, especially in the second harvest for tocopherols and in the first harvest for sugars. Similarly, total organic acids and oxalic acid content increased with increasing nitrogen levels in both harvests, while fatty acids composition had a varied response to the tested factors. Pinocembrin neohesperidoside and pinocembrin acetyl neohesperidoside isomer II were the most abundant phenolic compounds with the highest content being observed in the control treatment of the first and second harvest, respectively. The highest antioxidant activity was observed for the control and the 600 ppm treatments of the second harvest for the OxHLIA and TBARS assays, respectively, probably due to the high content of pinocembrin acetyl neohesperidoside isomer II and α-tocopherol, respectively. Finally, cytotoxic effects and antimicrobial properties showed a varied response depending on the treatment. In conclusion, C. raphanina subsp. mixta has low requirements of nitrogen to achieve the highest yield, while a varied response to the tested fertigation treatments and harvesting time was observed in terms of the chemical composition and the bioactive properties.
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23
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Mirsafaei R, Varshosaz J. Polyacrylamide-punicic acid conjugate-based micelles for flutamide delivery in PC3 cells of prostate cancer: synthesis, characterisation and cytotoxicity studies. IET Nanobiotechnol 2020; 14:417-422. [PMID: 32691745 PMCID: PMC8676636 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2020.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to synthesize a novel biopolymeric micelle based on punicic acid (PA) and polyacrylamide (PAM) for carrying chemotherapeutic drugs used in prostate cancer treatment. A polymer composite micelle was prepared by chemical conjugation between PAM and PA. The micelles were prepared by self-assembly via film casting followed by ultrasonication method. The successful production of PAMPA copolymeric micelles was confirmed using FTIR, 1H-NMR, and TEM. Then, flutamide was loaded in the designed nanomicelles and they were characterized. The cell cytotoxicity of the micelles was studied on PC3 cells of prostate cancer. The prepared nanomicelles showed the particle size of 88 nm, PDI of 0.246, zeta potential of -9 mV, drug loading efficiency of 94.5%, drug release of 85.6% until 10 hours in pH 7.4 and CMC of 74.13 μg/ml. The cell viability in blank nanocarriers was about 70% in PC3 cells at concentration of 25 μM. More significant cytotoxic effects were seen for flutamide loaded micelles at this concentration compared to the free drug. The results suggest that the PAMPA co-polymeric nanomicelles can be utilized as an effective carrier to enhance the cytotoxic effects of flutamide in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Mirsafaei
- Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Centre and Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jaleh Varshosaz
- Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Centre and Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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24
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Petropoulos SA, Fernandes Â, Dias MI, Pereira C, Calhelha R, Di Gioia F, Tzortzakis N, Ivanov M, Sokovic M, Barros L, Ferreira ICFR. Wild and Cultivated Centaurea raphanina subsp. mixta: A Valuable Source of Bioactive Compounds. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040314. [PMID: 32326524 PMCID: PMC7222212 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Centaurea raphanina subsp. mixta (DC.) Runemark is a wild edible species endemic to Greece. This study evaluated the chemical composition and bioactive properties of wild and cultivated C. raphanina subsp. mixta plants. Wild plants had higher nutritional value than cultivated ones, whereas cultivated plants contained more tocopherols. Glucose and sucrose were higher in cultivated plants and trehalose in wild ones. Oxalic and total organic acids were detected in higher amounts in cultivated samples. The main fatty acids were α-linolenic, linoleic and palmitic acid, while wild plants were richer in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Two pinocembrin derivatives were the main phenolic compounds being detected in higher amounts in wild plants. Regarding the antioxidant activity, wild and cultivated plants were more effective in the oxidative haemolysis (OxHLIA) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assays, respectively. Moreover, both extracts showed moderate cytotoxicity in non-tumor cell lines (PLP2), while cultivated plants were more effective against cervical carcinoma (HeLa), breast carcinoma (MCF-7) and non-small lung cancer (NCI-H460) cell lines. Finally, wild plants showed higher antimicrobial activity than cultivated plants against specific pathogens. In conclusion, the cultivation of C.raphanina subsp. mixta showed promising results in terms of tocopherols content and antiproliferative effects, however further research is needed to decrease oxalic acid content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon A. Petropoulos
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou Street, 38446 N. Ionia, Greece
- Correspondence: (S.A.P.); (I.C.F.R.F.); Tel.: +30-2421-093-196 (S.A.P.); +351-273-330-904 (I.C.F.R.F.)
| | - Ângela Fernandes
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (L.B.)
| | - Maria Ines Dias
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (L.B.)
| | - Carla Pereira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (L.B.)
| | - Ricardo Calhelha
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (L.B.)
| | - Francesco Di Gioia
- Department of Plant Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, PA 16802, USA;
| | - Nikolaos Tzortzakis
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Lemesos 3603, Cyprus;
| | - Marija Ivanov
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.I.); (M.S.)
| | - Marina Sokovic
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.I.); (M.S.)
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (L.B.)
| | - Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (Â.F.); (M.I.D.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (L.B.)
- Correspondence: (S.A.P.); (I.C.F.R.F.); Tel.: +30-2421-093-196 (S.A.P.); +351-273-330-904 (I.C.F.R.F.)
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25
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Kim K, Yoo HJ, Jung JH, Lee R, Hyun JK, Park JH, Na D, Yeon JH. Cytotoxic Effects of Plant Sap-Derived Extracellular Vesicles on Various Tumor Cell Types. J Funct Biomater 2020; 11:jfb11020022. [PMID: 32252412 PMCID: PMC7353476 DOI: 10.3390/jfb11020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Edible plants have been widely used in traditional therapeutics because of the biological activities of their natural ingredients, including anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Plant sap contains such medicinal substances and their secondary metabolites provide unique chemical structures that contribute to their therapeutic efficacy. Plant extracts are known to contain a variety of extracellular vesicles (EVs) but the effects of such EVs on various cancers have not been investigated. Here, we extracted EVs from four plants-Dendropanax morbifera, Pinus densiflora, Thuja occidentalis, and Chamaecyparis obtusa-that are known to have cytotoxic effects. We evaluated the cytotoxic effects of these EVs by assessing their ability to selectively reduce the viability of various tumor cell types compared with normal cells and low metastatic cells. EVs from D. morbifera and P. densiflora sap showed strong cytotoxic effects on tumor cells, whereas those from T. occidentalis and C. obtusa had no significant effect on any tumor cell types. We also identified synergistic effect of EVs from D. morbifera and P. densiflora saps on breast and skin tumor cells and established optimized treatment concentrations. Our findings suggest these EVs from plant sap as new candidates for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimin Kim
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, University of Brain Education, Cheonan 31228, Korea; (K.K.); (H.J.Y.); (R.L.)
| | - Hye Ju Yoo
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, University of Brain Education, Cheonan 31228, Korea; (K.K.); (H.J.Y.); (R.L.)
| | - Jik-Han Jung
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34051, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Ruri Lee
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, University of Brain Education, Cheonan 31228, Korea; (K.K.); (H.J.Y.); (R.L.)
| | - Jae-Kyung Hyun
- Electron Microscopy Research Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea;
| | - Ji-Ho Park
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34051, Korea; (J.-H.J.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Dokyun Na
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06911, Korea;
| | - Ju Hun Yeon
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, University of Brain Education, Cheonan 31228, Korea; (K.K.); (H.J.Y.); (R.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-41-529-2621; Fax: +82-41-529-2674
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26
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Zhang S, Wu S, Shen Y, Xiao Y, Gao L, Shi S. Cytotoxicity studies of Fe 3O 4 nanoparticles in chicken macrophage cells. R Soc Open Sci 2020; 7:191561. [PMID: 32431865 PMCID: PMC7211854 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.191561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4-NPs) have been widely investigated for their biomedical applications. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of different sizes of Fe3O4-NPs in chicken macrophage cells (HD11). Experimental groups based on three sizes of Fe3O4-NPs (60, 120 and 250 nm) were created, and the Fe3O4-NPs were added to the cells at different doses according to the experimental group. The cell activity, oxidative index (malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reactive oxygen species (ROS)), apoptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion level were detected to analyse the cytotoxic effects of Fe3O4-NPs of different sizes in HD11 cells. The results revealed that the cell viability of the 60 nm Fe3O4-NPs group was lower than those of the 120 and 250 nm groups when the same concentration of Fe3O4-NPs was added. No significant difference in MDA was observed among the three Fe3O4-NP groups. The SOD level and ROS production of the 60 nm group were significantly greater than those of the 120 and 250 nm groups. Furthermore, the highest levels of apoptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion were caused by the 60 nm Fe3O4-NPs. In conclusion, the smaller Fe3O4-NPs produced stronger cytotoxicity in chicken macrophage cells, and the cytotoxic effects may be related to the oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by increased ROS production as well as the increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhang
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Wu
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiru Shen
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunqi Xiao
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizeng Gao
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Science, CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Institute of Biophysics, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shourong Shi
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Centre for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225000, People's Republic of China
- Author for correspondence: Shourong Shi e-mail:
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27
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Meng L, Li S, Kong Q, Wang M, Zhang X, Zhu X, Yu W, Jiang N, Chun Z, Li N, Liu Y. Two new 19-hydroxy bufadienolides with cytotoxic activity from the skins of Bufo melanosticus. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:4894-4900. [PMID: 32202160 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1741582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Two new 19-hydroxy bufadienolides, named bufohydrolide A (1) and bufohydrolide B (2), and four known analogs (3-6) were isolated from the aqueous extracts of the skins of Bufo melanosticus. Their structures were established by spectral data analyses, such as UV, IR, 1 D/2D NMR and mass spectra. Compounds 1-6 were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against SMMC-7721, HT-29 and A549 cells. Noteworthily, all six isolates exhibited various levels of anti-proliferative activities with IC50 values ranging from 0.02 ± 0.0002 to 25 ± 0.5 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjie Meng
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.,Research Center for Medicine & Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Sanhua Li
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.,Research Center for Medicine & Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Qinghong Kong
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.,Research Center for Medicine & Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.,Research Center for Medicine & Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaoke Zhang
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.,Research Center for Medicine & Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Xinting Zhu
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.,Research Center for Medicine & Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Nian Jiang
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.,Research Center for Medicine & Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Zeli Chun
- Research Center for Medicine & Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Nian Li
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Guizhou Provincial College-based Key Lab for Tumor Prevention and Treatment with Distinctive Medicines, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.,Research Center for Medicine & Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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Safavi E, Homayouni-Tabrizi M, Karimi E, Rahimi Kalateh Shah Mohammad G. Biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using anjbar (root of Persicaria bistorta) extract and their cytotoxic effects on human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). IET Nanobiotechnol 2019; 13:736-741. [PMID: 31573543 PMCID: PMC8676346 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2018.5060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biosynthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) using biomass is now one of the best methods for synthesising NPs due to their nontoxic and biocompatibility. Plants are the best choice among all biomass to synthesise large-scale NPs. The objectives of this study were to synthesise zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) using Anjbar (root of Persicaria bistorta) [An/ZnO-NPs] and investigate the cytotoxic and anti-oxidant effects. For this purpose, the An/ZnO-NPs were synthesised by using Bistort extract and characterised using UV-Visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope, field emission scanning electron microscope, x-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The cytotoxic effects of the An/ZnO-NPs on MCF-7 cells were followed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays at 24, 48, and 72 h. Nuclear morphology changed and apoptosis in cells was investigated using acridine orange/propodium iodide (AO/PI) staining and flow cytometry analysis. The pure biosynthesised ZnO-NPs were spherical in shape and particles sizes ranged from 1 to 50 nm. Treated MCF-7 cells with different concentrations of ZnO-NPs inhibited cell viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner with IC50 about 32 μg/ml after 48 h of incubation. In flow cytometry analysis the sub-G1 population, which indicated apoptotic cells, increased from 12.6% at 0 μg/ml (control) to 92.8% at 60 μg/ml, 48 h after exposure. AO/PI staining showed that the treated cells displayed morphologic evidence of apoptosis, compared to untreated groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Safavi
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Ehsan Karimi
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
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Wang H, Zong Q, Wang S, Zhao C, Wu S, Bao W. Genome-Wide DNA Methylome and Transcriptome Analysis of Porcine Intestinal Epithelial Cells upon Deoxynivalenol Exposure. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:6423-6431. [PMID: 31013075 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a type of mycotoxin that is disruptive to intestinal and immune systems. To better understand the molecular effects of DON exposure, we performed genome-wide comparisons of DNA methylation and gene expression from porcine intestinal epithelial cell IPEC-J2 upon DON exposure using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing and RNA-seq technologies. We characterized the methylation pattern changes and found 3030 differentially methylated regions. Moreover, 3226 genes showing differential expression were enriched in pathways of protein and nucleic acid synthesis and ribosome biogenesis. Integrative analysis identified 29 genes showing inverse correlations between promoter methylation and expression. Altered DNA methylation and expression of various genes suggested their roles and potential functional interactions upon DON exposure. Our data provided new insights into epigenetic and transcriptomic alterations of intestinal epithelial cells upon DON exposure and may advance the identification of biomarkers and drug targets for predicting and controlling the toxic effects of this common mycotoxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , No. 48 Wenhui East Road , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Qiufang Zong
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , No. 48 Wenhui East Road , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Shiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , No. 48 Wenhui East Road , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Chengxiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , No. 48 Wenhui East Road , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Shenglong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , No. 48 Wenhui East Road , Yangzhou 225009 , China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety , Yangzhou University , No. 48 Wenhui East Road , Yangzhou 225009 , China
| | - Wenbin Bao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , No. 48 Wenhui East Road , Yangzhou 225009 , China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety , Yangzhou University , No. 48 Wenhui East Road , Yangzhou 225009 , China
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30
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Ghramh HA, Khan KA, Ibrahim EH, Setzer WN. Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) Using Ricinus communis Leaf Ethanol Extract, Their Characterization, and Biological Applications. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2019; 9:E765. [PMID: 31109084 PMCID: PMC6567088 DOI: 10.3390/nano9050765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the collective biological properties of Ricinus communis ethanol leaf extract (RcExt) and extract-fabricated gold nanoparticles (RcExt-AuNPs). AuNPs were synthesized using RcExt. Fingerprint data of the biochemicals putatively found in RcExt were obtained using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography/ultraviolet-visible (HPLC/UV-VIS) analyses. RcExt-AuNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier- transform infrared radiation (FTIR) spectroscopy. Cytotoxic activity on the Hela and HepG2 tumor cell lines was tested through cell viability, antimicrobial activity against bacterial and fungal pathogens through a well diffusion assay, hemolytic activity on red blood cells through absorbance reading, and stimulatory/inhibitory effects on splenic cells by cell viability. AuNPs of 200 nm size were synthesized. GC-MS/MS analysis revealed 12 peaks and HPLC/UV-VIS analysis resulted in 18, 13, and five peaks at the wavelengths of 220, 254, and 300 nm, respectively. Cytotoxicity screening revealed that RcExt had stimulatory effects (6.08%) on Hela cells and an inhibitory effect (-28.33%) on HepG2 cells, whereas RcExt-AuNPs showed inhibitory effects (-58.64% and -42.74%) on Hela and HepG2 cells, respectively. Antimicrobial activity of RcExt-AuNPs against tested pathogens was significantly higher (average diameters of inhibition zones were higher (ranging from 9.33 mm to 16.33 mm)) than those of RcExt (ranging from 6.00 mm to 7.33 mm). RcExt and RcExt-AuNPs showed 4.15% and 100% lytic effects, respectively. Inhibitory effects on splenic cells for RcExt-AuNPs were observed to be significantly higher (-30.56% to -72.62%) than those of RcExt (-41.55% to -62.25%) between concentrations of 25 to 200 µg/mL. RcExt-AuNPs were inhibitory against HepG2 and Hela cells, while RcExt inhibited HepG2 but stimulated Hela cells. RcExt-AuNPs showed comparatively more antimicrobial activity. RcExt was safe while RcExt-AuNPs harmful to red blood cells (RBCs). RcExt and RcExt-AuNPs showed inhibitory effects on splenic cells irrespective of dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed A Ghramh
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Essam H Ibrahim
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.
- Blood Products Quality Control and Research Department, National Organization for Research and Control of Biologicals, Cairo 12611, Egypt.
| | - William N Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
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Liu B, Jin SF, Li HC, Sun XY, Yan SQ, Deng SJ, Zhao P. The Bio-Safety Concerns of Three Domestic Temporary Hair Dye Molecules: Fuchsin Basic, Victoria Blue B and Basic Red 2. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24091744. [PMID: 31060332 PMCID: PMC6539679 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hair-coloring products include permanent, semi-permanent and temporary dyes that vary by chemical formulation and are distinguished mainly by how long they last. Domestic temporary hair dyes, such as fuchsin basic, basic red 2 and Victoria blue B, are especially popular because of their cheapness and facile applications. Despite numerous studies on the relationship between permanent hair dyes and disease, there are few studies addressing whether these domestic temporary hair dyes are associated with an increased cancer risk. Herein, to ascertain the bio-safety of these temporary hair dyes, we comparatively studied their percutaneous absorption, hemolytic effect and cytotoxic effects in this paper. Furthermore, to better understand the risk of these dyes after penetrating the skin, experimental and theoretical studies were carried out examining the interactions between the dyes and serum albumins as well as calf thymus (CT)-DNA. The results showed that these domestic temporary hair dyes are cytotoxic with regard to human red blood cells and NIH/3T3 cell lines, due to intense interactions with bovine serum albumin (BSA)/DNA. We conclude that the temporary hair dyes may have risk to human health, and those who use them should be aware of their potential toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Construction and Application of New Drug Screening Model Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of Ordinary Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Shu-Fang Jin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, Waihuandong Road, Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Hua-Chao Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Construction and Application of New Drug Screening Model Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of Ordinary Universities of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiang-Yu Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, Waihuandong Road, Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Si-Qi Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, Waihuandong Road, Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Shu-Jun Deng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, Waihuandong Road, Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Ping Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, Waihuandong Road, Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Shahraki F, Tabrizi MH, Moghaddam MN, Hajebi S. Bio‐green synthesis ZnO‐NPs in Brassica napus pollen extract: biosynthesis, antioxidant, cytotoxicity and pro‐apoptotic properties. IET Nanobiotechnol 2019; 13:471-476. [PMCID: PMC8676517 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2018.5164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The bio‐green methods of synthesis nanoparticles (NPs) have advantages over chemo‐physical procedures due to cost‐effective and ecofriendly products. The goal of current investigation is biosynthesis of zinc oxide NPs (ZnO‐NPs) and evaluation of their biological assessment. Water extract of Brassica napus pollen [rapeseed (RP)] prepared and used for the synthesis of ZnO‐NPs and synthesised ZnO‐NP characterised using ultraviolet–visible, X‐ray diffraction, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. Antioxidant properties of ZnO‐NPs, cytotoxic and pro‐apoptotic potentials of NPs were also evaluated. The results showed that ZnO‐NPs have a hexagonal shape with 26 nm size. ZnO‐NPs synthesised in RP (RP/ZnO‐NPs) exhibited the good antioxidant potential compared with the butylated hydroxyanisole as a positive control. These NPs showed the cytotoxic effects against breast cancer cells (M.D. Anderson‐Metastasis Breast cancer (MDA‐MB)) with IC50 about 1, 6 and 6 μg/ml after 24, 48 and 72 h of exposure, respectively. RP/ZnO‐NPs were found effective in increasing the expression of catalase enzyme, the enzyme involved in antioxidants properties of the cells. Bio‐green synthesised RP/ZnO‐NPs showed antioxidant and cytotoxic properties. The results of the present study support the advantages of using the bio‐green procedure for the synthesis of NPs as an antioxidant and as anti‐cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Shahraki
- Department of BiologyMashhad Branch, Islamic Azad UniversityMashhadIran
| | | | | | - Sahar Hajebi
- Department of BiologyMashhad Branch, Islamic Azad UniversityMashhadIran
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Shakibaie M, Forootanfar H, Ameri A, Adeli-Sardou M, Jafari M, Rahimi HR. Cytotoxicity of biologically synthesised bismuth nanoparticles against HT-29 cell line. IET Nanobiotechnol 2018; 12:653-657. [PMID: 30095428 PMCID: PMC8676642 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2017.0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was purposed to examine the cytotoxicity and functions of biologically synthesised bismuth nanoparticles (Bi NPs) produced by Delftia sp. SFG on human colon adenocarcinoma cell line of HT-29. The structural properties of Bi NPs were investigated using transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, and X-ray diffraction techniques. The cytotoxic effects of Bi NPs were analysed using flow cytometry cell apoptosis while western blot analyses were applied to analyse the cleaved caspase-3 expression. Oxidative stress (OS) damage was determined using the measurement of the glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) levels. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of Bi NPs was measured to be 28.7 ± 1.4 µg/ml on HT-29 cell line. The viability of HT-29 represented a concentration-dependent pattern (5-80 µg/ml). The mode of Bi NPs induced apoptosis was found to be mainly related to late apoptosis or necrosis at IC50 concentration, without the effect on caspase-3 activities. Furthermore, Bi NPs reduced the GSH and increased the MDA levels and decreased the SOD and CAT activities. Taken together, biogenic Bi NPs induced cytotoxicity on HT-29 cell line through the activation of late apoptosis independent of caspase pathway and may enhance the OS biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Shakibaie
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hamid Forootanfar
- Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Atefeh Ameri
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Adeli-Sardou
- Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mandana Jafari
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Rahimi
- Sudent Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Leso V, Iavicoli I. Palladium Nanoparticles: Toxicological Effects and Potential Implications for Occupational Risk Assessment. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020503. [PMID: 29414923 PMCID: PMC5855725 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing technological applications of palladium nanoparticles (Pd-NPs) and their consequent enhancing release into the community and occupational environments, have raised public health concerns regarding possible adverse effects for exposed subjects, and particularly for workers chronically and highly exposed to these materials, whose toxico-kinetic and dynamic behavior remains to be fully understood. Therefore, this review aimed to critically analyze literature data to achieve a more comprehensive knowledge on the toxicological profile of Pd-NPs. Results from available studies demonstrated the potential for these chemicals to affect the ecosystem function, to exert cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory effects in vitro as well as to induce early alterations in different target organs in in vivo models. However, our revision pointed out the need for future studies aimed to clarify the role of the NP physico-chemical properties in determining their toxicological behavior, as well as the importance to carry out investigations focused on environmental and biological monitoring to verify and validate experimental biomarkers of exposure and early effect in real exposure contexts. Overall, this may be helpful to support the definition of suitable strategies for the assessment, communication and management of Pd-NP occupational risks to protect the health and safety of workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veruscka Leso
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Ivo Iavicoli
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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35
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Šeklić DS, Obradović AD, Stanković MS, Živanović MN, Mitrović TL, Stamenković SM, Marković SD. Proapoptotic and Antimigratory Effects of Pseudevernia furfuracea and Platismatia glauca on Colon Cancer Cell Lines. Food Technol Biotechnol 2018; 56:421-430. [PMID: 30510485 PMCID: PMC6233007 DOI: 10.17113/ftb.56.03.18.5727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate cytotoxic, proapoptotic, antimigratory and pro-antioxidant effects of methanol, acetone and ethyl acetate extracts of lichens Pseudevernia furfuracea and Platismatia glauca on colorectal cancer (HCT-116 and SW-480) cell lines. We compared the cytotoxic effects on colorectal cancer cells with the effects obtained from normal human fibroblast (MRC-5) cell line. Tetrazolium (MTT) test evaluated the cytotoxic effects, Transwell assay evaluated cell migration, acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) fluorescent method followed the apoptosis, while prooxidant/antioxidant effects were determined spectrophotometrically through concentration of redox parameters. The tested extracts showed considerable cytotoxic effect on cancer cells with no observable cytotoxic effect on normal cells. Ethyl acetate and acetone extract of P. furfuracea induced the highest cytotoxicity (IC50=(21.2±1.3) µg/mL on HCT-116, and IC50=(51.3±0.8) µg/mL on SW-480 cells, respectively, after 72 h), with noteworthy apoptotic and prooxidant effects, and antimigratory potential of methanol extract. P. glauca extracts induced cytotoxic effects on HCT-116 cells after 72 h (IC50<40 μg/mL), while only methanol and acetone extracts had cytotoxic effects on SW-480 cells after 24 h, with proapoptotic/necrotic activity, as a consequence of induced oxidative stress. In conclusion, lichen extracts changed to a great extent cell viability and migratory potential of colorectal cancer cell lines. HCT-116 cells were more sensitive to treatments, P. furfuracea had better proapoptotic and antimigratory effects, and both investigated lichen species might be a source of substances with anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana S Šeklić
- Department for Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Radoja Domanovića 12, RS-34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ana D Obradović
- Department for Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Radoja Domanovića 12, RS-34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milan S Stanković
- Department for Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Radoja Domanovića 12, RS-34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marko N Živanović
- Department for Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Radoja Domanovića 12, RS-34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Lj Mitrović
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Višegradska 33, RS-18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Slaviša M Stamenković
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Višegradska 33, RS-18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Snežana D Marković
- Department for Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Radoja Domanovića 12, RS-34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
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Subbaiya R, Saravanan M, Priya AR, Shankar KR, Selvam M, Ovais M, Balajee R, Barabadi H. Biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Streptomyces atrovirens and their potential anticancer activity against human breast cancer cells. IET Nanobiotechnol 2017; 11:965-972. [PMID: 29155396 PMCID: PMC8676022 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2016.0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been undeniable for its antimicrobial activity while its antitumour potential is still limited. Therefore, the present study focused on determining cytotoxic effects of AgNPs on Michigan cancer foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells and its corresponding mechanism of cell death. Herein, the authors developed a bio-reduction method for AgNPs synthesis using actinomycetes isolated from marine soil sample. The isolated strain was identified by 16s ribotyping method and it was found to be Streptomyces atrovirens. Furthermore, the synthesised AgNPs were characterised by various bio-analytical techniques such as ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Moreover, the results of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay reveals 44.51 µg of AgNPs to have profound inhibition of cancer cell growth; furthermore, the inhibition of MCF-7 breast cancer cell line was found to be dose dependent on treatment with AgNPs. Acridine orange and ethidium bromide double staining methods were performed for cell morphological analysis. The present results showed that biosynthesised AgNPs might be emerging alternative biomaterials for human breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramasamy Subbaiya
- Department of Biotechnology, K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Namakkal (District), Tiruchengode 637 215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Muthupandian Saravanan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, Mekelle University, Mekelle 1871, Ethiopia.
| | - Andavar Raja Priya
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Masilamani Selvam
- Department of Biotechnology, Sathyabama University, Jeppiaar Nagar, Chennai 600 119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Muhammad Ovais
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ramachandran Balajee
- Medicinal Chemistry Group, Institute of Chemistry of Sao Carlos, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Carlos, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hamed Barabadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Schneider NFZ, Cerella C, Simões CMO, Diederich M. Anticancer and Immunogenic Properties of Cardiac Glycosides. Molecules 2017; 22:E1932. [PMID: 29117117 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac glycosides (CGs) are natural compounds widely used in the treatment of several cardiac conditions and more recently have been recognized as potential antitumor compounds. They are known to be ligands for Na/K-ATPase, which is a promising drug target in cancer. More recently, in addition to their antitumor effects, it has been suggested that CGs activate tumor-specific immune responses. This review summarizes the anticancer aspects of CGs as new strategies for immunotherapy and drug repositioning (new horizons for old players), and the possible new targets for CGs in cancer cells.
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Seddighi NS, Salari S, Izadi AR. Evaluation of antifungal effect of iron‐oxide nanoparticles against different Candida species. IET Nanobiotechnol 2017; 11:883-888. [PMCID: PMC8676272 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2017.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron‐oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have been widely favoured due to their biodegradable, low cytotoxic effects and having reactive surface which can be altered with biocompatible coatings. Considering various medical applications of IONPs, the authors were encouraged to study whether IONPs could be effective against fungal infections caused by Candida species. In this study, IONPs were characterised by scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometer. The goal of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of IONPs against different Candida spp. compared with fluconazole (FLC). IONPs were spherical with the size of 30–40 nm. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values of IONPs ranged from 62.5 to 500 µg/ml and 500 to 1000 μg/ml, respectively. The MIC and MFC of FLC were in range of 16–128 μg/ml and 64–512 μg/ml, respectively. The growth inhibition value indicated that Candida tropicalis , Candida albicans and Candida glabrata spp. were most susceptible to IONPs. The finding showed that the IONPs possessed antifungal potential against pathogenic Candida spp. and could inhibit the growth of all the tested Candida spp. Further studies, both in vitro and in vivo (including susceptibility, toxicity, Probability of kill (PK) and efficacy studies) are needed to determine whether IONPs are suitable for medicinal purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samira Salari
- Research Center for Tropical and Infectious DiseasesKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
- Department of Medical Mycology and ParasitologySchool of MedicineMedical University of KermanKermanIran
| | - Ali Raza Izadi
- Department of Laboratory SciencesSchool of MedicineBam University of Medical SciencesBamIran
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Zhang Z, Zhao X, Qin X. Potential genotoxic and cytotoxicity of emamectin benzoate in human normal liver cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:82185-95. [PMID: 29137255 PMCID: PMC5669881 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticide residue inducing cancer-related health problems draw people more attention recently. Emamectin benzoate (EMB) has been widely used in agriculture around the world based on its specificity targets. Although potential risk and the molecular mechanism of EMB toxicity to human liver has not been well-characterized. Unlike well-reported toxicity upon central nervous system, potential genotoxic and cytotoxicity of EMB in human liver cell was ignored and very limited. In this study, we identify genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of EMB to human normal liver cells (QSG7701 cell line) in vitro. We demonstrate that EMB inhibited the viability of QSG7701 cells and induced the DNA damage. Established assays of cytotoxicity were performed to characterize the mechanism of EMB toxicity on QSG7701 cells. Typical chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation indicated the apoptosis of QSG7701 cells induced by EMB. And the intracellular biochemical results demonstrated that EMB-enhanced apoptosis of QSG7701 cells concurrent with generated ROS, a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, the cytochrome-c release, up regulate the Bax/Bcl-2 and the activation of caspase-9/-3. Our results of EMB induces the death of QSG7701 cells maybe via mitochondrial-mediated intrinsic apoptotic pathways would contribute to promote the awareness of EMB as an extensive used pesticide to human being effects and reveal the underlying mechanisms of potential genotoxic.
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Hu T, Yang C, Fu M, Yang J, Du R, Ran X, Yin T, Wang G. Cytotoxic effects of docetaxel as a candidate drug of drug-eluting stent on human umbilical vein endothelial cells and the signaling pathway of cell migration inhibition, adhesion delay and shape change. Regen Biomater 2017; 4:167-178. [PMID: 28596914 PMCID: PMC5458539 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbx010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Docetaxel (DTX), a paclitaxel analogue, can efficiently inhibit proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and has broadly been used as an antiangiogenesis drug. However, as a candidate drug of drug-eluting stent, the effects of DTX on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) are still not well understood. Herein, we investigated the effects of DTX on proliferation, apoptosis, adhesion, migration and morphology of HUVECs in vitro. We found that DTX had the cytostatic and cytotoxic effects at low and high concentrations, respectively. DTX could inhibit the proliferation and migration of HUVECs, induce HUVECs apoptosis, delay HUVECs adhesion and decrease spreading area and aspect ratio of individual cells. The signaling pathway that DTX led to the migration inhibition, adhesion delay and shape change of HUVECs is the VE-cadherin mediated integrin β1/FAK/ROCK signaling pathway. The study will provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of DTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingzhang Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Meiling Fu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Jiali Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Rolin Du
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Xiaolin Ran
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Tieying Yin
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
- Correspondence address. Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China. Tel: +86(0)23-65112675; Fax: +86(0)23-65112507; E-mail:
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Loutfy SA, Salaheldin TA, Ramadan MA, Farroh KY, Abdallah ZF, Youssef T. Synthesis, Characterization and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Graphene Oxide Nanosheets: In Vitro Liver Cancer Model. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:955-961. [PMID: 28545193 PMCID: PMC5494245 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.4.955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Graphene nanosheets have a broad spectrum of biomedical applications. Hepatocellular cancer (HCC) is a major health problem in the Egyptian population. Currently, treatment strategies are invasive and have several adverse side effects. Thus, other approaches are required for managing this aggressive type of cancer. Our objective here was to prepare and characterize graphene oxide nanosheets and evaluate cytotoxic effect at the molecular level in an in vitro human liver cancer cell model (HepG2). Methods: Graphene oxide nanosheets were generated by chemical oxidation and characterized by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Cytotoxic effects in HepG2 cells were monitored by sulforhodamine B (SRB) colorimetric assay followed by flow cytometric analysis. Molecular investigations of DNA fragmentation and expression of some apoptotic genes at the transcriptional RNA level were also performed. Results: Treatment of HepG2 cells with 400µg/ml graphene oxide nanosheets showed alteration in cell morphology after 24 h. Flow cytometry revealed accumulation of cells in S phase of cell cycle followed by dramatic effects on cellular DNA. Extensive evaluation of the cytotoxic effects of graphene oxide showed increased mRNA Bax apoptotic gene expression with not of P53 and caspase-3 mRNA after 24h, suggesting involvement of an intrinsic apoptotic caspase-independent pathway. Conclusion: Graphene oxide can mediate apoptotic gene signaling in human liver cancer cells opening a novel approach to cancer management. Further analyses at the molecular level are now required to confirm our results and facilitate biomedical applications in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah A Loutfy
- Virology and Immunology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt.
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Viegas S, Caetano LA, Korkalainen M, Faria T, Pacífico C, Carolino E, Quintal Gomes A, Viegas C. Cytotoxic and Inflammatory Potential of Air Samples from Occupational Settings with Exposure to Organic Dust. Toxics 2017; 5:E8. [PMID: 29051440 PMCID: PMC5606674 DOI: 10.3390/toxics5010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Organic dust and related microbial exposures are the main inducers of several respiratory symptoms. Occupational exposure to organic dust is very common and has been reported in diverse settings. In vitro tests using relevant cell cultures can be very useful for characterizing the toxicity of complex mixtures present in the air of occupational environments such as organic dust. In this study, the cell viability and the inflammatory response, as measured by the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and interleukin-1 β (IL-1β), were determined in human macrophages derived from THP-1 monocytic cells. These cells were exposed to air samples from five occupational settings known to possess high levels of contamination of organic dust: poultry and swine feed industries, waste sorting, poultry production and slaughterhouses. Additionally, fungi and particle contamination of those settings was studied to better characterize the organic dust composition. All air samples collected from the assessed workplaces caused both cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory effects. The highest responses were observed in the feed industry, particularly in swine feed production. This study emphasizes the importance of measuring the organic dust/mixture effects in occupational settings and suggests that differences in the organic dust content may result in differences in health effects for exposed workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Viegas
- Environment and Health Research Group, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, ESTeSL, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Av. D. João II, Lote 4.69.01, 1990-096 Lisboa, Portugal.
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde Pública, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1600-560 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Liliana Aranha Caetano
- Environment and Health Research Group, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, ESTeSL, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Av. D. João II, Lote 4.69.01, 1990-096 Lisboa, Portugal.
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, 649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Merja Korkalainen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Department of Health Security, Chemicals and Health Unit, P.O. Box 95, FIN-70701 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Tiago Faria
- Environment and Health Research Group, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, ESTeSL, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Av. D. João II, Lote 4.69.01, 1990-096 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Cátia Pacífico
- Environment and Health Research Group, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, ESTeSL, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Av. D. João II, Lote 4.69.01, 1990-096 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Elisabete Carolino
- Environment and Health Research Group, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, ESTeSL, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Av. D. João II, Lote 4.69.01, 1990-096 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Anita Quintal Gomes
- Environment and Health Research Group, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, ESTeSL, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Av. D. João II, Lote 4.69.01, 1990-096 Lisboa, Portugal.
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine. University of Lisbon, 649-028 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Carla Viegas
- Environment and Health Research Group, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, ESTeSL, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Av. D. João II, Lote 4.69.01, 1990-096 Lisboa, Portugal.
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde Pública, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1600-560 Lisbon, Portugal.
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Rajora N, Kaushik S, Jyoti A, Kothari SL. Rapid synthesis of silver nanoparticles by Pseudomonas stutzeri isolated from textile soil under optimised conditions and evaluation of their antimicrobial and cytotoxicity properties. IET Nanobiotechnol 2016; 10:367-373. [PMID: 27906136 PMCID: PMC8676139 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2015.0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Present study utilised textile soil isolated bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri to synthesise extracellular silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) under optimised conditions. The synthesised AgNPs were characterised using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Optimisation showed AgNPs synthesis within 8 h using 2mM Ag nitrate at pH9, temperature 80°C and maximum absorbance toward 400 nm. TEM analysis revealed spherical shape AgNPs and reduction in size upto 8 nm was observed under optimised conditions. FTIR spectra confirmed presence of proteins bound to AgNPs act as reducing agent. AgNPs showed strong antibacterial activity against multi-drug resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae as demonstrated by disc diffusion and colony forming unit assays. Zone of inhibition increased with increasing concentration of AgNPs with maximum of 19 mm against E. coli and 17 mm against K. pneumoniae at concentration of 2 μg/disc. Furthermore, AgNPs did not show any cytotoxic effects on human epithelial cells as demonstrated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay even at 2 μg/ml concentration of AgNPs. The results of the present study suggest that AgNPs can be synthesised rapidly under optimised conditions and show strong antimicrobial property against MDR pathogens without having toxicity effect on human epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishant Rajora
- AMITY Institute of Biotechnology, AMITY University Rajasthan, Jaipur 302006, India
| | - Sanket Kaushik
- AMITY Institute of Biotechnology, AMITY University Rajasthan, Jaipur 302006, India
| | - Anupam Jyoti
- AMITY Institute of Biotechnology, AMITY University Rajasthan, Jaipur 302006, India.
| | - Shanker L Kothari
- AMITY Institute of Biotechnology, AMITY University Rajasthan, Jaipur 302006, India
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Zhang Y, Luo M, Xu W, Yang M, Wang B, Gao J, Li Y, Tao L. Avermectin Confers Its Cytotoxic Effects by Inducing DNA Damage and Mitochondria-Associated Apoptosis. J Agric Food Chem 2016; 64:6895-902. [PMID: 27551889 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Avermectin (AVM) has been widely used in agriculture and animal husbandry on the basis of its broad spectrum of effective anthelmintic activity and specificity targets. However, AVM induction of cytotoxicity through DNA damage is remains elusive. Here we investigate the cytotoxic effects of AVM in human nontarget cells in vitro. We clarify that AVM inhibited the viability of HeLa cells and enhanced apoptosis. We have used alkaline comet assay and γH2AX foci formation to detect DNA damage of HeLa cells. As expected, we found AVM caused DNA double-strand breaks in HeLa cells, as measured by significance of comet assay parameters (e.g., tail DNA) and increases of γH2AX foci in HeLa cells. Moreover, established assays of cytotoxicity were performed to characterize the mechanism of AVM toxicity on HeLa cells. The results demonstrated the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, and up-regulating the expression level of Bax/Bcl-2 resulted in a release of cytochrome c into cytosol as well as the activation of caspase-9/-3 and cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). We conclude that AVM has a potential risk to human health by inducing human cell DNA damage and mitochondria-associated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Mingming Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wenping Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Mingjun Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jufang Gao
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University , Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Yaxiao Li
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath , Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Liming Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237, China
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Akhtar MN, Zareen S, Yeap SK, Ho WY, Lo KM, Hasan A, Alitheen NB. Total synthesis, cytotoxic effects of damnacanthal, nordamnacanthal and related anthraquinone analogues. Molecules 2013; 18:10042-55. [PMID: 23966087 PMCID: PMC6269871 DOI: 10.3390/molecules180810042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring anthraquinones, damnacanthal (1) and nordamnacanthal (2) were synthesized with modified reaction steps and investigated for their cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 and K-562 cancer cell lines, respectively. Intermediate analogues 2-bromomethyl-1,3-dimethoxyanthraquinone (5, IC50 = 5.70 ± 0.21 and 8.50 ± 1.18 mg/mL), 2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dimethoxyanthraquinone (6, IC50 = 12.10 ± 0.14 and 14.00 ± 2.13), 2-formyl-1,3-dimethoxyantharquinone (7, IC50 = 13.10 ± 1.02 and 14.80 ± 0.74), 1,3-dimethoxy-2-methylanthraquinone (4, IC50 = 9.40 ± 3.51 and 28.40 ± 2.33), and 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone (3, IC50 = 25.60 ± 0.42 and 28.40 ± 0.79) also exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and K-562 cancer cell lines, respectively. Other structurally related compounds like 1,3-dihydroxyanthraquinone (13a, IC50 = 19.70 ± 0.35 and 14.50 ± 1.28), 1,3-dimethoxyanthraquinone (13b, IC50 = 6.50 ± 0.66 and 5.90 ± 0.95) were also showed good cytotoxicity. The target compound damnacanthal (1) was found to be the most cytotoxic against the MCF-7 and K-562 cancer cell lines, with IC50 values of 3.80 ± 0.57 and 5.50 ± 1.26, respectively. The structures of all compounds were elucidated with the help of detailed spectroscopic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nadeem Akhtar
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak 26300, Kuantan Pahang, Malaysia; E-Mail:
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; E-Mail:
| | - Seema Zareen
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak 26300, Kuantan Pahang, Malaysia; E-Mail:
| | - Swee Keong Yeap
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; E-Mail:
| | - Wan Yong Ho
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, Semenyih 43500, Selangor, Malaysia; E-Mail: (W.Y.H.)
| | - Kong Mun Lo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; E-Mails: (K.M.L.); (A.H.)
| | - Aurangzeb Hasan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; E-Mails: (K.M.L.); (A.H.)
| | - Noorjahan Banu Alitheen
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Bimolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; E-Mail:
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Olajuyigbe OO, Afolayan AJ. Pharmacological assessment of the medicinal potential of Acacia mearnsii De Wild.: antimicrobial and toxicity activities. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:4255-4267. [PMID: 22605976 PMCID: PMC3344212 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13044255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acacia mearnsii De Wild. (Fabaceae) is a medicinal plant used in the treatment of microbial infections in South Africa without scientific validation of its bioactivity and toxicity. The antimicrobial activity of the crude acetone extract was evaluated by both agar diffusion and macrobroth dilution methods while its cytotoxicity effect was assessed with brine shrimp lethality assay. The study showed that both bacterial and fungal isolates were highly inhibited by the crude extract. The MIC values for the gram-positive bacteria (78.1–312.5) μg/mL, gram-negative bacteria (39.1–625) μg/mL and fungal isolates (625–5000) μg/mL differ significantly. The bacteria were more susceptible than the fungal strains tested. The antibiosis determination showed that the extract was more (75%) bactericidal than bacteriostatic (25%) and more fungicidal (66.67%) than fungistatic (33.33%). The cytotoxic activity of the extract was observed between 31.25 μg/mL and 500 μg/mL and the LC50 value (112.36 μg/mL) indicates that the extract was nontoxic in the brine shrimp lethality assay (LC50 > 100 μg/mL). These results support the use of A. mearnsii in traditional medicine for treatment of microbial infections. The extract exhibiting significant broad spectrum antimicrobial activity and nontoxic effects has potential to yield active antimicrobial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony J. Afolayan
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +27-822-022-167; Fax: +27-866-282-295
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