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Bousetla A, Keskinkaya HB, Bensouici C, Lefahal M, Atalar MN, Akkal S. LC-ESI/MS-phytochemical profiling with antioxidant and antiacetylcholinesterase activities of Algerian Senecio angulatus L.f. extracts. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:123-129. [PMID: 34219549 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1947274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Senecio angulatus L.f. is a flowering plant from the Asteraceae family that is native to South Africa and which was observed recently in the north and the east of Algeria. This study was aimed for the first time, to evaluate concomitantly phytochemical profiles, using LC-ESI/MS analysis, following by testing and assessing in vitro antioxidant and antiacetylcholinesterase activities of these specific species. The results indicated that the hydromethanolic and the acetate extracts have shown remarkable potent inhibitory effects on AChE with IC50 of (6.04 ± 0.05; 6.72 ± 0.10 µg/mL) respectively along with antioxidant potential of acetate for FRAP and phenanthroline methods with A0.5 of (11.15 ± 0.72; 5.72 ± 0.13 µg/mL) successively. Moreover, a high amount of cynarin and trans-ferulic acid was found in this extract whilst butanolic extract has recorded the highest amount of chlorogenic acid. Indeed phenolic compounds usually have a hydroxyl in their structure which may contribute significantly to the antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlem Bousetla
- Valorization of Natural Resources, Bioactive Molecules and Biological Analysis Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Mentouri Constantine1, Constantine, Algeria
| | | | - Chawki Bensouici
- Centre de Recherche en Biotechnologie Constantine, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Mostefa Lefahal
- Valorization of Natural Resources, Bioactive Molecules and Biological Analysis Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Mentouri Constantine1, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Mehmet Nuri Atalar
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Iğdır University, Iğdır, Turkey
| | - Salah Akkal
- Valorization of Natural Resources, Bioactive Molecules and Biological Analysis Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Mentouri Constantine1, Constantine, Algeria
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2
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Zeng L, Xiang R, Fu C, Qu Z, Liu C. The Regulatory effect of chlorogenic acid on gut-brain function and its mechanism: A systematic review. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112831. [PMID: 35303566 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a phenolic compound that is widely distributed in honeysuckle, Eucommia, fruits and vegetables. It has various biological functions, including cardiovascular, nerve, kidney, and liver protection, and it exerts a protective effect on human health, according to clinical research and basic research. The intestine and brain are two important organs that are closely related in the human body. The intestine is even called the "second brain" in humans. However, among the many reports in the literature, an article systematically reporting the regulatory effects and specific mechanisms of CGA on the intestines and brain has not been published. In this context, this review uses the regulatory role and mechanism of CGA in the intestine and brain as the starting point and comprehensively reviews CGA metabolism in the body and the regulatory role and mechanism of CGA in the intestine and brain described in recent years. Additionally, the review speculates on the potential biological actions of CGA in the gut-brain axis. This study provides a scientific theory for CGA research in the brain and intestines and promotes the transformation of basic research and the application of CGA in food nutrition and health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zeng
- Southwest Hunan Research Center of Engineering for Development and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan 422000, China; National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Utilisation of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.
| | - Rong Xiang
- The Library of Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan 422000, China
| | - Chunyan Fu
- Southwest Hunan Research Center of Engineering for Development and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan 422000, China
| | - Zhihao Qu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Changwei Liu
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Utilisation of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
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Mirpoor SF, Varriale S, Porta R, Naviglio D, Spennato M, Gardossi L, Giosafatto CVL, Pezzella C. A biorefinery approach for the conversion of Cynara cardunculus biomass to active films. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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4
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Culurciello R, Bosso A, Di Fabio G, Zarrelli A, Arciello A, Carella F, Leonardi L, Pazzaglia L, De Vico G, Pizzo E. Cytotoxicity of an Innovative Pressurised Cyclic Solid-Liquid (PCSL) Extract from Artemisia annua. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:886. [PMID: 34941723 PMCID: PMC8706793 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13120886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic treatments with Artemisia annua have a long-established tradition in various diseases due to its antibacterial, antioxidant, antiviral, anti-malaria and anti-cancer effects. However, in relation to the latter, virtually all reports focused on toxic effects of A. annua extracts were obtained mostly through conventional maceration methods. In the present study, an innovative extraction procedure from A. annua, based on pressurised cyclic solid-liquid (PCSL) extraction, resulted in the production of a new phytocomplex with enhanced anti-cancer properties. This extraction procedure generated a pressure gradient due to compressions and following decompressions, allowing to directly perform the extraction without any maceration. The toxic effects of A. annua PCSL extract were tested on different cells, including three cancer cell lines. The results of this study clearly indicate that the exposure of human, murine and canine cancer cells to serial dilutions of PCSL extract resulted in higher toxicity and stronger propensity to induce apoptosis than that detected by subjecting the same cells to Artemisia extracts obtained through canonical extraction by maceration. Collected data suggest that PCSL extract of A. annua could be a promising and economic new therapeutic tool to treat human and animal tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Culurciello
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (R.C.); (A.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Andrea Bosso
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (R.C.); (A.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Giovanni Di Fabio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (G.D.F.); (A.Z.); (A.A.)
| | - Armando Zarrelli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (G.D.F.); (A.Z.); (A.A.)
- Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology (BAT CENTER), University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Arciello
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (G.D.F.); (A.Z.); (A.A.)
| | - Francesca Carella
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (R.C.); (A.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Leonardo Leonardi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine—Veterinary Pathology, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Laura Pazzaglia
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Gionata De Vico
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (R.C.); (A.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Elio Pizzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (R.C.); (A.B.); (F.C.)
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De Marco A, Luongo G, Di Marino C, De Tommaso G, Di Fabio G, Zarrelli A. Silymarin from Silybum marianum by Naviglio's extractor: a new and very efficient approach. Nat Prod Res 2021; 35:2621-2627. [PMID: 31691591 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1687474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to compare new and traditional extraction methods to obtain silymarin from Silybum marianum, a biennial herbaceous plant of the Asteraceae family, present throughout the Mediterranean basin and used to treat several diseases. Silymarin primarily contains flavonolignans and flavonoids and is used in some pharmaceutical preparations to improve of liver function and as a protective against some hepatotoxins. In six extracts obtained by new and traditional extraction methods, the total contents of silymarin and its main flavonolignans, total phenols and condensed tannins were evaluated in addition to their respective antioxidant capacities. By the Naviglio extractor, that is a rapid solid-liquid dynamic extraction method, it is possible to obtain a fraction quantitatively more abundant than other methods, and with a lower content of tannins and phenolic compounds but with a higher content of flavonolignans, rare and expensive, and therefore easier to separate and purify.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna De Marco
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luongo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Cinzia Di Marino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano De Tommaso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Fabio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Armando Zarrelli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
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Yapıcı İ, Altay A, Öztürk Sarıkaya B, Korkmaz M, Atila A, Gülçin İ, Köksal E. In vitro Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Extracts of Endemic Tanacetum erzincanense Together with Phenolic Content by LC-ESI-QTOF-MS. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2000812. [PMID: 33464702 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this study, phenolic composition, and in vitro biological activities of ethyl acetate (EAE) and methanol (ME) extracts obtained from the aerial parts of endemic Tanacetum erzincanense were investigated. Total phenolic and flavonoid content of the extracts were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride colorimetric methods, respectively. Antioxidant capacity of the extracts was evaluated over radical scavenging (DPPH and ABTS) and metal ion reducing power (FRAP and CUPRAC) tests. Individual phenolic compounds in ME was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF/MS). Cell inhibitory potential of the extracts was tested against colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), and hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) cells by 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) assay. The results showed that ME contains higher TPC (64.4 mg GAE/g) and TFC (62.2 mg QE/g) than those of EAE (41.5 mg GAE/g and 40.0 mg QE/g). LC-ESI-QTOF/MS analysis revealed that ME is rich in phenolic compounds, namely, chlorogenic acid, apigenin, quercetin, luteolin, and diosmetin. Antioxidant assay results indicated that ME possess stronger activity than EAE and a power that competes with synthetic antioxidants. XTT assay results demonstrated that although both extracts displayed a considerable cytotoxicity against the tested cancer cell lines in a time and dose-dependent manner, ME expressed its selective inhibitory action towards MCF-7 cells with an IC50 value of 20.4 μg/mL for 72 h. These results may serve as a basis for further in vivo studies to examine the potential applications of T. erzincanense in food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- İsmail Yapıcı
- Ataturk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, 25240-, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Altay
- Erzincan University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, 24100, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Beyza Öztürk Sarıkaya
- Gumushane University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, Department of Food Engineering, 29100, Gümüşhane, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Korkmaz
- Erzincan University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 24100, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Alptuğ Atila
- Ataturk University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - İlhami Gülçin
- Ataturk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, 25240-, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ekrem Köksal
- Erzincan University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, 24100, Erzincan, Turkey
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Rodrigues AM, Vieira Falé PL, Madeira P, Pacheco R, Florêncio MH, Ascensão L, Marques Serralheiro ML. Phenolic profile and biological activities of decoctions from Santolina impressa, a Portuguese endemic species. J Herb Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2020.100335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Study of the Kinetics of Extraction Process for The Production of Hemp Inflorescences Extracts by Means of Conventional Maceration (CM) and Rapid Solid-Liquid Dynamic Extraction (RSLDE). SEPARATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/separations7020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, the kinetics of the extraction process from female inflorescences of Canapa sativa subsp. sativa var. sativa were studied, on the basis of determination of the content of cannabinoids: cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), before and after decarboxylation in the oven, in order to evaluate the possible use of the hemp extract obtained in the food sector. Therefore, both conventional maceration (CM) and rapid solid-liquid dynamic extraction (RSLDE), also known as cyclically pressurized extraction (CPE), were carried out, using parts of the plant approximately of the same size. The alcoholic extracts thus obtained were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in order to calculate the percentages of cannabinoids present in the inflorescences and thus be able to evaluate the degree of decarboxylation. Furthermore, the extracts were dried to calculate the percentage of solid material present in it, that was made mainly by cannabinoids. The amount of substance extracted from the inflorescences was about 10% (w/w), for both cases considered. Therefore, the extraction yield was the same in the two cases examined and the final qualities were almost identical. However, the extraction times were significantly different. In fact, the maceration of hemp inflorescences in ethyl alcohol was completed in no less than 24 h, while with the RSLDE the extraction was completed in only 4 h. Finally, for a better understanding of the extraction process with cyclically pressurized extraction, a numerical simulation was carried out which allowed to better evaluate the influence of extractive parameters.
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Fatty Acids from Paracentrotus lividus Sea Urchin Shells Obtained via Rapid Solid Liquid Dynamic Extraction (RSLDE). SEPARATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/separations6040050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sea urchins (Echinodermata, Echinoidea) are good a source of bioactive compounds belonging to different classes of natural substances. The edible Mediterranean sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus is a renowned animal model for study in different fields of biology, but it is intensively harvested for high commercial value due to the delicacy of its gonads. Most studies have focused on the composition and the nutritional value of P. lividus gonads (the edible part), but little interest has been taken in the other body parts, such as the shells and spines, which are generally considered waste material. The purpose of this study was to obtain an extract from sea urchin shells, with a green methodology of extraction, and to characterize the lipophilic components for potential applications. The shells of P. lividus were extracted via a very well performing technology based on rapid solid liquid dynamic extraction (RSLDE) implemented via an automated device (Naviglio Extractor®). The obtained extract shows the presence of fatty acids and their esters (methyl, ethyl and 1-glycerol esters). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) measurements were used to determine fatty acid abundance in the chromatographic fractions of the extract. Arachidonic acid (ARA), 5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentanoic acid (EPA), and 11-eicosenoic acids and their esters are the most abundant components. The presence of many polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the extract, even in low percentages allows a future application in nutrition or medical use.
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Naviglio D, Scarano P, Ciaravolo M, Gallo M. Rapid Solid-Liquid Dynamic Extraction (RSLDE): A Powerful and Greener Alternative to the Latest Solid-Liquid Extraction Techniques. Foods 2019; 8:foods8070245. [PMID: 31284507 PMCID: PMC6678328 DOI: 10.3390/foods8070245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, solid-liquid extractions are performed using organic and/or inorganic liquids and their mixtures as extractant solvents in contact with an insoluble solid matrix (e.g., the Soxhlet method) or using sequential atmospheric pressure systems that require long procedures, such as maceration or percolation. The objective of this procedure is the extraction of any compounds that can be carried out from the inner solid material to the outlet, resulting in a solution containing colorants, bioactive compounds, odorous substances, etc. Over the years, in the extraction techniques sector, there have been many important changes from the points of view of production, quality, and human and environmental safety due to improvements in technology. In more recent times, the interest of the scientific community has been aimed at the study of sustainable processes for the valorization of extracts from vegetables and food by-products, through the use of non-conventional (innovative) technologies that represent a valid alternative to conventional methods, generally through saving time and energy and the formation of fewer by-products. Therefore, with the development of principles based on the prevention of pollution, on a lower risk for human health, and on a low environmental impact, new systems have been implemented to reduce extraction times and solvent consumption, to improve efficiency, and to increase the productivity of the extracts. From this point of view, rapid solid-liquid dynamic extraction (RSLDE), performed using the Naviglio extractor, compared to traditional applications, is a technique that is able to reduce extraction times, generally leads to higher yields, does not require heating of the system, allows one to extract the active ingredients, and avoids their degradation. This technique is based on a new solid-liquid extraction principle named Naviglio’s principle. In this review, after reviewing the latest extraction techniques, an overview of RSLDE applications in various research and production sectors over the past two decades is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Naviglio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia; Monte S. Angelo Complex, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Scarano
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Via Port'Arsa 11, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Martina Ciaravolo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia; Monte S. Angelo Complex, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Monica Gallo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, via Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy.
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Aghraz A, Albergamo A, Benameur Q, Salvo A, Larhsini M, Markouk M, Gervasi T, Cicero N. Polyphenols contents, heavy metals analysis and in vitro antibacterial activity of extracts from Cladanthus arabicus and Bubonium imbricatum of Moroccan Origin. Nat Prod Res 2019; 34:63-70. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1573424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdellah Aghraz
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Protection and Valorisation of Plant Ressources (URAC35 Association Unit), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Ambrogina Albergamo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Qada Benameur
- Nursing Department Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University, Mostaganem, Algeria
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure Vétérinaire d’El-Harrach, Laboratoire de Recherche «Santé et Production Animale», Algiers, Algeria
| | - Andrea Salvo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Mustapha Larhsini
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Protection and Valorisation of Plant Ressources (URAC35 Association Unit), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Markouk
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Protection and Valorisation of Plant Ressources (URAC35 Association Unit), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Teresa Gervasi
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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12
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Chlorogenic acid (CGA): A pharmacological review and call for further research. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 97:67-74. [PMID: 29080460 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 688] [Impact Index Per Article: 98.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic acids have recently gained substantial attention due to their various practical, biological and pharmacological effects. Chlorogenic Acid (CGA, 3-CQA) is a most abundant isomer among caffeoylquinic acid isomers (3-, 4-, and 5-CQA), that currently known as 5-CQA as per guidelines of IUPAC. It is one of the most available acids among phenolic acid compounds which can be naturally found in green coffee extracts and tea. CGA is an important and biologically active dietary polyphenol, playing several important and therapeutic roles such as antioxidant activity, antibacterial, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, neuroprotective, anti-obesity, antiviral, anti-microbial, anti-hypertension, free radicals scavenger and a central nervous system (CNS) stimulator. In addition, it has been found that CGA could modulate lipid metabolism and glucose in both genetically and healthy metabolic related disorders. It is speculated that CGA can perform crucial roles in lipid and glucose metabolism regulation and thus help to treat many disorders such as hepatic steatosis, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity as well. Furthermore, this phenolic acid (CGA) causes hepatoprotective effects by protecting animals from chemical or lipopolysaccharide-induced injuries. The hypocholesterolemic influence of CGA can result from the altered metabolism of nutrients, including amino acids, glucose and fatty acids (FA). The purpose of this review was to broaden the scope of knowledge of researchers to conduct more studies on this subject to both unveil and optimize its biological and pharmacological effects. As a result, CGA may be practically used as a natural safeguard food additive to replace the synthetic antibiotics and thereby reduce the medicinal cost.
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Cejudo Bastante C, Casas Cardoso L, Mantell Serrano C, Martínez de la Ossa E. Supercritical impregnation of food packaging films to provide antioxidant properties. J Supercrit Fluids 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2017.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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14
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Gigliarelli G, Pagiotti R, Persia D, Marcotullio MC. Optimisation of a Naviglio-assisted extraction followed by determination of piperine content in Piper longum extracts. Nat Prod Res 2016; 31:214-217. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1217209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Gigliarelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Rita Pagiotti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Diana Persia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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