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Salihu AS, Salleh WMNHW, Ogunwa TH. Chemical composition, acetylcholinesterase inhibition and molecular docking studies of essential oil from Knema hookeriana Warb. (Myristicaceae). Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:2516-2521. [PMID: 36855270 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2184359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
The genus Knema Lour. is distributed mainly in Southeast Asian and widely used in folk medicine for treating diseases such as jaundice, chronic fever, and inflammation. The chemical composition, acetylcholinesterase inhibition, and molecular docking studies of essential oil from Knema hookeriana Warb. were investigated in this study. The essential oil was achieved through hydrodistillation and was characterised using gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity was evaluated using Ellman method while molecular docking studies were carried out using Autodock v.4.3.2. The results revealed that the essential oil examined consisted mainly of β-caryophyllene (26.2%), germacrene D (12.5%), δ-cadinene (9.2%), germacrene B (8.8%) and bicyclogermacrene (5.5%). The essential oil showed acetylcholinesterase activity with IC50 value of 70.5 µg/mL. The enzyme-ligand molecular docking study showed that β-caryophyllene and δ-cadinene exhibited good binding affinities towards AChE with docking scores -8.1 kcal/mol and -8.3 kcal/mol, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abubakar Siddiq Salihu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Perak, Malaysia
- Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Umaru Musa Yar'adua University, Katsina, Nigeria
| | | | - Tomisin Happy Ogunwa
- Centre for Biocomputing and Drug Design, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba, Ondo State, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba, Ondo State, Nigeria
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Silva Júnior AQ, Rodrigues GDS, Alcântara de Sousa K, Maduro Bouillet LE, Bianchi dos Santos G, de Sousa Barroso A, Veras Mourão RH. Molecular modelling and anticholinesterase activity of the essential oil from three chemotypes of Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.Br. ex Britton & P. Wilson (Verbenaceae). Heliyon 2024; 10:e29063. [PMID: 38644857 PMCID: PMC11031784 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Brown (Verbenaceae), popularly known as "erva cidreira", is one of the most used plants in Brazilian folk medicine. The species has several chemotypes and its volatile constituents have already been characterized, and present different chemical markers with known pharmacological properties, such as analgesic, sedative and antifungal properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anticholinesterase activity (AChE) of the essential oil of three chemotypes of Lippia alba and, by using molecular anchoring, determine the best receptor-ligand interaction energies of the main constituents present in the samples of oil. The essential oils were obtained via hydrodistillation (LA1 and LA2) and steam drag (LA3), and their volatile constituents determined using GC-MS. For the determination of anticholinesterase activity, direct bioautography and colorimetry assays based on Ellman's method were used. Molecular docking was performed using a multiple solution genetic algorithm and Merck molecular force field 94 (MMFF94) as the scoring function. In the main constituents of the oil samples, three chemotypes were identified for L. alba: LA1 is rich in citral, LA2 is rich in carvone and LA3 is rich in linalool. All L. alba chemotypes showed AChE enzyme inhibition with an IC50 of 3.57 μg/mL (LA1), 0.1 μg/mL (LA2) and 4.34 μg/mL (LA3). The molecular docking study complemented the results of the experiment and demonstrated significant interactions between the main constituents of the oils and the amino acid residues of the AChE enzyme. Irrespective of the chemotype, Lippia alba presents biotechnological potential for the discovery of anticholinesterase substances, with the chemotype LA2 (rich in carvone) being the most active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antônio Quaresma Silva Júnior
- Laboratório de Bioprospecção e Biologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém, PA, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Rede Bionorte, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Karina Alcântara de Sousa
- Laboratório de Bioprospecção e Biologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém, PA, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém, PA, Brazil
| | - Leoneide Erica Maduro Bouillet
- Laboratório de Bioprospecção e Biologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém, PA, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Adenilson de Sousa Barroso
- Laboratório de Bioprospecção e Biologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém, PA, Brazil
| | - Rosa Helena Veras Mourão
- Laboratório de Bioprospecção e Biologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém, PA, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Rede Bionorte, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém, PA, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém, PA, Brazil
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Salleh WMNHW, Salihu AS, Ab Ghani N. Essential oils composition of Litsea glauca and Litsea fulva and their anticholinesterase inhibitory activity. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:629-633. [PMID: 36794425 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2180507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to examine the essential oils compositions of Litsea glauca Siebold and Litsea fulva Fern.-Vill. growing in Malaysia. The essential oils were achieved by hydrodistillation and fully characterized by gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The study identified 17 and 19 components from the leaf oils from L. glauca (80.7%) and L. fulva (81.5%), respectively. The major components of L. glauca oil were β-selinene (30.8%), β-calacorene (11.3%), tridecanal (7.6%), isophytol (4.8%) and β-eudesmol (4.5%); whereas in L. fulva oil gave β-caryophyllene (27.8%), caryophyllene oxide (12.8%), α-cadinol (6.3%), (E)-nerolidol (5.7%), β-selinene (5.5%) and tridecanal (5.0%). Anticholinesterase activity was evaluated using Ellman method. The essential oils showed moderate inhibitory activity on acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase assays. Our findings demonstrate that the essential oil could be very useful for the characterization, pharmaceutical, and therapeutic applications of the essential oil from the genus Litsea.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abubakar Siddiq Salihu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia
- Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty Natural and Applied Science, Umaru Musa Yar'adua University, Katsina, Nigeria
| | - Nurunajah Ab Ghani
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
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Hussein BA, Karimi I, Yousofvand N. Chemo- and bio-informatics insight into anti-cholinesterase potentials of berries and leaves of Myrtus communis L., Myrtaceae: an in vitro/in silico study. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:421. [PMID: 37990185 PMCID: PMC10664585 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04241-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myrtus communis L. (MC) has been used in Mesopotamian medicine. Here, the cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitory potential of its methyl alcohol extracts has been investigated and computationally dissected. METHOD The ChE inhibition has been measured based on usual Ellman's colorimetric method compared to a canonical ChE inhibitor, eserine. Through a deep text mining, the structures of phytocompounds (= ligands) of MC were curated from ChemSpider, PubChem, and ZINC databases and docked into protein targets, AChE (PDB 1EVE) and BChE (PDB 1P0I) after initial in silico preparedness and binding affinity (BA; kcal/mol) reported as an endpoint. The calculation of ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) features of phytocompounds were retrieved from SwissADME ( http://www.swissadme.ch/ ) and admetSAR software to predict the drug-likeness or lead-likeness fitness. The Toxtree v2.5.1, software platforms ( http://toxtree.sourceforge.net/ ) have been used to predict the class of toxicity of phytocompounds. The STITCH platform ( http://stitch.embl.de ) has been employed to predict ChE-chemicals interactions. RESULTS The possible inhibitory activities of AChE of extracts of leaves and berries were 37.33 and 70.00%, respectively as compared to that of eserine while inhibitory BChE activities of extracts of leaves and berries of MC were 19.00 and 50.67%, respectively as compared to that of eserine. Phytochemicals of MC had BA towards AChE ranging from -7.1 (carvacrol) to -9.9 (ellagic acid) kcal/mol. In this regard, alpha-bulnesene, (Z)-gamma-Bisabolene, and beta-bourbonene were top-listed low toxic binders of AChE, and (Z)-gamma-bisabolene was a more specific AChE binder. Alpha-cadinol, estragole, humulene epoxide II, (a)esculin, ellagic acid, patuletin, juniper camphor, linalyl anthranilate, and spathulenol were high class (Class III) toxic substances which among others, patuletin and alpha-cadinol were more specific AChE binders. Among intermediate class (Class II) toxic substances, beta-chamigrene was a more specific AChE binder while semimyrtucommulone and myrtucommulone A were more specific BChE binders. CONCLUSION In sum, the AChE binders derived from MC were categorized mostly as antiinsectants (e.g., patuletin and alpha-cardinal) due to their predicted toxic classes. It seems that structural amendment and stereoselective synthesis like adding sulphonate or sulphamate groups to these phytocompounds may make them more suitable candidates for considering in preclinical investigations of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baydaa Abed Hussein
- Laboratory for Computational Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, 67149-67346, Iran
| | - Isaac Karimi
- Laboratory for Computational Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, 67149-67346, Iran.
| | - Namdar Yousofvand
- Laboratory for Computational Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, 67149-67346, Iran
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Zaini NNM, Salleh WMNHW, Arzmi MH, Salihu AS, Ab Ghani N. Chemical composition of essential oil from Lindera subumbelliflora Kosterm and its effect on the susceptibility and biofilm activities of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-6. [PMID: 37933754 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2278164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
The chemical composition of the essential oil of Lindera subumbelliflora (Lauraceae) was investigated for the first time. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and fully characterised by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antifungal activity of L. subumbelliflora essential oil was tested against Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans using the broth microdilution assay, whereas the microbial biofilms were determined using a semi-quantitative static biofilm. A total of 28 components (99.6%) were successfully identified, which were characterised by β-eudesmol (14.6%), cis-α-bergamotene (11.0%), α-copaene (8.5%), dodecen-1-ol (8.5%), and (E)-nerolidol (8.3%). The essential oil exhibited activity against Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans with MIC values of 250 and 500 µg/mL, respectively. The essential oil increased the biofilm of Candida albicans by 38.25%, however, decreased the biofilm of Streptococcus mutans by 47.89% when treated with 500 µg/mL. Thus, the essential oil has a promising application in dentistry via inhibition of the growth of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans. However, the antibiofilm activity of the essential oil is only applicable for cariogenic Streptococcus mutans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Nabilah Mohd Zaini
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Wan Mohd Nuzul Hakimi Wan Salleh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia
- Fraser's Hill Research Center, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hafiz Arzmi
- Department of Fundamental Dental and Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, IIUM Kuantan Campus, Pahang, Malaysia
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Abubakar Siddiq Salihu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia
- Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Umaru Musa Yar'adua University, Katsina, Nigeria
| | - Nurunajah Ab Ghani
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Shah Alam, Malaysia
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Zarenezhad E, Sanei-Dehkordi A, Babaalizadeh B, Qasmei H, Osanloo M. Repellent efficacy of the nanogel containing Acroptilon repens essential oil in comparison with DEET against Anopheles stephensi. BMC Res Notes 2023; 16:261. [PMID: 37814316 PMCID: PMC10561488 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-023-06538-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Malaria is a vector-borne disease that causes many deaths worldwide; repellents are a practical approach to malaria prevention, especially in endemic regions. RESULTS Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis was used to identify compounds in Acroptilon repens essential oil (EO). Alpha-copaene (15.67%), α-cubenen (3.76%), caryophyllene oxide (14.00%), 1-heptadecane (5.61%), and δ-cadinene (2.84) were five major compounds. After that, the nanoemulsion containing the EO with a particle size of 46 ± 4 nm, SPAN 0.85, PDI 0.4, and zeta potential - 5.7 ± 0.4 mV was prepared. Then, it was gellified by adding CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) to the nanoemulsion. Besides, ATR-FTIR analysis (Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform InfraRed) was used to confirm the EO's successful loading in the nanogel. Finally, the protection time and repellent activity of nanogel compared to DEET (N, N-diethyl-meta-toluamide) were investigated against Anopheles stephensi. Interestingly, the nanogel with a protection time of 310 ± 45 min was significantly more potent than DEET (160 ± 17 min). It could thus be considered for future investigation against other mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Zarenezhad
- Noncommunicable Disease Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Alireza Sanei-Dehkordi
- Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Behina Babaalizadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Hajar Qasmei
- Noncommunicable Disease Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Osanloo
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
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Salleh WMNHW, Abed SA, Taher M, Kassim H, Tawang A. The phytochemistry and biological diversity of Ferulago genus (Apiaceae): a systematic review. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:1-21. [PMID: 33791809 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgaa034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The genus Ferulago belonging to the family Apiaceae is a flora widely distributed in Central Asia and the Mediterranean and used in folk medicine. It is administered as a sedative, tonic, digestive, aphrodisiac, also as a treatment for intestinal worms and haemorrhoids. Herein, we reported a review on phytochemistry and its biological activities reported from 1990 up to early 2020. All the information and reported studies concerning Ferulago plants were summarized from the library and digital databases (e.g. Scopus, Medline, Scielo, ScienceDirect, SciFinder and Google Scholar). KEY FINDINGS The phytochemical investigations of Ferulago species revealed the presence of coumarins as the main bioactive compounds, including daucane derivatives, sesquiterpenes aryl esters, phenol derivatives, flavonoids and essential oils. Moreover, the therapeutic potentials of the pure compounds isolated from the genus Ferulago possess promising properties namely anticholinesterase, antimicrobial, anticoagulant, antileishmanial, antioxidant, antibacterial and antiproliferative. SUMMARY Today, significant advances in phytochemical and biological activity studies of different Ferulago species have been revealed. The traditional uses and reported biological results could be correlated via the chemical characterization of these plants. All these data will support the biologists in the elucidation of the biological mechanisms of these plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Mohd Nuzul Hakimi Wan Salleh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI), Tanjung Malim, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Salam Ahmed Abed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Kerbala University, Kerbala, Iraq
| | - Muhammad Taher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Hakimi Kassim
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI), Tanjung Malim, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Alene Tawang
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI), Tanjung Malim, Perak, Malaysia
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