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Vasudevan H, Palaniswamy HP, Kanagokar V. Translation and validation of the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI) into Kannada: a tool for clinical and research use in the Indian population. Disabil Rehabil 2024:1-6. [PMID: 38989791 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2375434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI) is a widely recognized measure for evaluating tinnitus and is frequently used in both therapeutic and research contexts. Unfortunately, TFI is currently not available in any Indian languages. In a multilingual country like India, cross-cultural adaptation, translation, and validation of such scales in regional languages are critical to improving their use for clinical and research purposes. Therefore, this study focused on translating and validating the TFI in Kannada for use among the Indian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS The original version of TFI was translated with the help of audiologists and linguistic experts who were proficient in Kannada. The translated version was content validation by five audiologists and a cognitive debriefing by native speakers to check the familiarity of words. The final version (TFI-K) was then administered to 181 participants with tinnitus. Along with the TFI, other scales like Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) were also obtained to check the convergent validity. The obtained data was then subjected to various statistical analyses like internal consistency, convergent and discriminant validity, and factor analysis. RESULTS The TFI-K was found to have an excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.974) and good convergent validity (p < 0.001; r = 0.778) with THI-K. A principal component analysis with varimax rotation showed communalities ranging from 0.64 to 0.91. Scree plots with the TFI-K component showed a sharp decline after the first factor and approximately four factors above the eigenvalue of 1. The factor analysis results suggest that the TFI-K has a structurally intact 8-factor loading, with a few exceptions that are discussed in detail. CONCLUSION The TFI-K has demonstrated remarkable dependability and satisfactory integrity, making it a valuable tool for assessment and treatment planning in clinical and research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harini Vasudevan
- Department of Audiology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology (SRFASLP), Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Chennai, India
| | - Hari Prakash Palaniswamy
- Department of Speech and Hearing, Manipal College of Health Professions (MCHP), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Vibha Kanagokar
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology (at Mangalore), Kasturba Medical College, MAHE, Mangalore, India
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Ni T, Liu Y, Xie H, Yang S, Wang Y, Jiang Y, Han Z. Customized Music Therapy Combined With the Counseling and Follow-Up System: Stratified Results for Tinnitus Efficacy. OTO Open 2024; 8:e173. [PMID: 39036339 PMCID: PMC11260390 DOI: 10.1002/oto2.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Chronic subjective tinnitus is a worldwide intractable problem. In our previous studies, customized music therapy combined with a follow-up system can reduce tinnitus perception and improve anxiety/depression. This study aims to explore which characteristics of tinnitus patients are more likely to benefit from our therapy. Study Design This study included 1031 patients with chronic subjective tinnitus, all of whom completed customized music therapy with the follow-up system. Population demographics, tinnitus characteristics, and tinnitus-related scales at pretherapy and posttherapy were collected. Setting Huadong Hospital affiliated Fudan University, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery from 2018 to 2022. Methods A paired t test and the one-way analysis of variance were utilized to the overall efficacy and stratified difference based on tinnitus duration/age/tinnitus frequency. Results There were significant statistical differences in the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), Tinnitus Loudness Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)-A/D scores between pretherapy and 3 months posttherapy. THI and HADS (A/D) scores decreased the most in the 1-year duration tinnitus group. The most significant decrease in THI and VAS scores was observed in the 31- to 50-year-old tinnitus group. Patients with high-frequency tinnitus and extended high-frequency tinnitus had greater decreases generally than those with low-frequency tinnitus though no significance. Conclusion Group with severe and prolonged tinnitus, shorter duration of tinnitus onset, and 31 to 50 years old benefit more from our therapy. Therefore, standardized personalized music and consulting and follow-up systems while promoting early treatment can reduce tinnitus and its comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Ni
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryHuadong Hospital Affiliated Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yuehong Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryHuadong Hospital Affiliated Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hongbo Xie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryHuadong Hospital Affiliated Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Siyi Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryHuadong Hospital Affiliated Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yulu Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryHuadong Hospital Affiliated Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yun Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryHuadong Hospital Affiliated Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhao Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryHuadong Hospital Affiliated Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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Waechter S, Olovsson M, Pettersson P. Should Tinnitus Patients with Subclinical Hearing Impairment Be Offered Hearing Aids? A Comparison of Tinnitus Mitigation Following 3 Months Hearing Aid Use in Individuals with and without Clinical Hearing Impairment. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7660. [PMID: 38137729 PMCID: PMC10744002 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a consensus among tinnitus experts to not recommend hearing aids for tinnitus patients with subclinical hearing impairment. However, this notion is arbitrary, as no previous study has compared the treatment effect of hearing aids on tinnitus distress in patients with and without clinical hearing impairment. In this article, we investigate whether tinnitus patients with clinical and subclinical hearing impairment differ in terms of tinnitus mitigation after hearing aid fitting. Twenty-seven tinnitus patients with either clinical (n = 13) or subclinical (n = 14) hearing impairment were fitted with hearing aids. All participants filled out the tinnitus functional index (TFI) before hearing aid fitting and after 3 months of hearing aid use. Clinically meaningful reductions in tinnitus distress (-13 TFI points or more) were seen in both groups, and the difference in tinnitus mitigation between tinnitus patients with clinical (mean TFI reduction = 17.0 points) and subclinical hearing impairment (mean TFI reduction = 16.9 points) was not statistically significant (p = 0.991). Group differences on the suspected confounding factors of age, sex, time since tinnitus debut, tinnitus distress (TFI score) at baseline, and treatment adherence were statistically insignificant. In light of this, we argue that clinical hearing impairment is not required to achieve meaningful tinnitus mitigation with hearing aids, and that hearing aids could be recommended for tinnitus patients with subclinical hearing impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Waechter
- Department of Clinical Science Lund, Logopedics, Phoniatrics and Audiology, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Olovsson
- Region Västra Götaland, Habilitation & Health, Hearing Organization, 541 30 Skövde, Sweden
| | - Petter Pettersson
- Region Västra Götaland, Habilitation & Health, Hearing Organization, 541 30 Skövde, Sweden
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Soriano-Reixach MM, Sampedro JJN, Minguez MSG, Rey-Martínez J, Altuna X. Translation into Spanish and validation of the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI). ACTA OTORRINOLARINGOLOGICA ESPANOLA 2023; 74:305-314. [PMID: 36996934 DOI: 10.1016/j.otoeng.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study were to translate into Spanish, cross-culturally adapt and validate the TFI. MATERIALS AND METHODS The TFI questionnaire translated into Spanish (Sp-TFI) and cross-culturally adapted following the published guidelines on cross-cultural adaptation of health questionnaires was evaluated using two indicators. Its internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach's α considering the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) as the gold standard. Further, its test-retest reliability was assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). ICCs were also calculated for the THI and visual analogue scales (VAS) for tinnitus tested and retested in all participants. RESULTS The mean age of the 18 participants was 45.77 (SD: 11.87) years; 12 were female (66.67 %) and 6 were male (33.33%). Half of the participants experienced tinnitus in their left ear and half in their right. The mean pure-tone average (PTA) in the affected ear was 29.34 (SD: 8.08) dB-HL. Regarding internal consistency and reliability of the Sp-TFI respectively, Cronbach's α was 0.83 and the ICC type (2,1) was 1 (CI: 0.99-1). Among the variables studied, we found the following independent predictors had statistically significant effects on THI score: sex (p < 0.01), PTA (p = 0.03), overall Sp-TFI score (p = 0.02) and Sp-TFI SL, R and A subscale scores (p = 0.03, p = 0.03, and p < 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION Based on the internal consistency and reliability results obtained in this study, the cross-culturally adapted Spanish version of the TFI (Sp-TFI) has been validated for use in Spain. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2B: Individual cohort study/low-quality randomized control studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Montserrat Soriano-Reixach
- Otology Unit, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Universitario Donostia, Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain; Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Otorhinolaryngology Area, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Juan José Navarro Sampedro
- Otology Unit, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Universitario Donostia, Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Miren Sonsoles Goiburu Minguez
- Otology Unit, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Universitario Donostia, Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Jorge Rey-Martínez
- Otology Unit, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Universitario Donostia, Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain; Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Otorhinolaryngology Area, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Xabier Altuna
- Otology Unit, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Universitario Donostia, Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain; Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Otorhinolaryngology Area, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
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Assouly K, Smit AL, Stegeman I. Effect of electrical stimulation with a cochlear implant on tinnitus impact: protocol of an individual patient data meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e063432. [PMID: 35715189 PMCID: PMC9208004 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tinnitus is the perception of sound without an external stimulus, often experienced as a ringing, buzzing sound. While several studies have shown a reduction in tinnitus distress following cochlear implantation, others showed an increase or no change after implantation. At this stage, clinicians have little certainty when counselling their patients prior to implantation regarding tinnitus post-implantation. To help clinicians to counsel cochlear implant (CI) candidates on the risk of developing or improving tinnitus after implantation, we aim to assess the effect of electrical stimulation with a CI on tinnitus impact for individual adult patients with tinnitus. We will also apply prediction models to individual patient data (IPD) of clinical trials to find predictive factors of the effect of electrical stimulation on tinnitus impact. METHOD AND ANALYSIS The IPD meta-analysis is a follow-up project of the systematic review on cochlear implantation in patients with tinnitus as a primary complaint. First, the systematic searches will be updated to date. Methodological quality of eligible studies will be assessed using the Risk of Bias In Non-randomised Studies of Intervention tool (ROBINS-I). Based on a data-sharing agreement, authors of the eligible studies will be invited to share their deidentified and complete IPD. The primary outcome is the effect of electrical stimulation with a CI on tinnitus impact 1 month or more post-implantation. IPD meta-analysis will be used to assess the primary outcome, while differentiating the tinnitus impact questionnaires. Second, linear regression analyses will be used to model the effect of electrical stimulation on tinnitus impact based on relevant predictors. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The Medical Research Involving Human Subject Act does not apply, and ethical approval is not required. The study results will be made accessible to the public in a peer-review open access journal. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42022319367, review ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Assouly
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Cochlear Technology Centre Belgium, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Adriana L Smit
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Inge Stegeman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Meijers SM, Rademaker M, Meijers RL, Stegeman I, Smit AL. Correlation Between Chronic Tinnitus Distress and Symptoms of Depression: A Systematic Review. Front Neurol 2022; 13:870433. [PMID: 35585851 PMCID: PMC9108431 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.870433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives In this systematic review, we aim to evaluate the evidence regarding the correlation between tinnitus distress and the severity of depressive symptoms in patients with chronic tinnitus. Also, the prevalence of clinically relevant depressive symptoms scores in patients with chronic tinnitus was evaluated. Methods We performed a systematic review in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library in June 2021 using the terms “depression” and “tinnitus,” and their synonyms, following PRISMA guidelines. Studies were selected on relevance and critically appraised regarding risk of bias using the Newcastle–Ottowa Quality Assessment Scale. Results A total of 1,912 articles were screened on title and abstract after the removal of the duplicates. Eventually, 33 (1.5%) articles were included for the final analysis. Only cross-sectional cohort studies and case–control studies with a low level of evidence and a high risk of bias due to the study design and patient selection were found. Statistically significant correlations between the experienced tinnitus distress and depressive symptoms were reported in 31 out of 33 studies. Clinically relevant depression scores had a prevalence of 4.6–41.7%. Conclusions In this systematic review, in which mostly cross-sectional studies were included, a statistically significant correlation was found between the experienced tinnitus distress and the reported severity of symptoms of depression in patients with chronic tinnitus. A wide range of clinically relevant depression scores were reported in included studies. Due to the high risk of bias of included studies it is not possible to provide a definite answer on the existence of this relationship. Future population-based studies are necessary to provide more clarity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maaike Rademaker
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Inge Stegeman
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Adriana L. Smit
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Adriana L. Smit
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Rosa MRDD, Doi MY, Branco-Barreiro FCA, Simonetti P, Oiticica J, Marchiori LLDM. Translation, Cultural Adaptation and Validation to Brazilian Portuguese of the Tinnitus Functional Index Questionnaire. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 26:e304-e309. [PMID: 35846803 PMCID: PMC9282952 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction
Tinnitus affects a large portion of the world's population. There are several questionnaires being used for the evaluation of the severity of tinnitus and its impact in quality of life; however, they do not measure treatment-related changes. So, a new self-reported questionnaire was developed, the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI), which has been translated into several languages.
Objective
To perform the translation, cultural adaptation and validation of the TFI questionnaire for Brazilian Portuguese.
Method
This is a multicenter project divided into two stages: translation and cultural adaptation; and validation and reliability. For the validation, the Brazilian Portuguese version of the TFI was correlated with the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) domains for tinnitus and quality of life and was evaluated by the Spearman ρ test. The reliability and internal consistency were evaluated by the Cronbach α test.
Result
The Brazilian version of the TFI was obtained through an initial translation process, synthesis of translations, backtranslation and evaluation by a committee of experts. This version was then applied in 88 patients complaining of tinnitus from speech therapy and otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinics of the three school clinics. The Brazilian version presented high reliability, as evidenced by the Cronbach α value (α = 0.870), and strong correlation (rho = 0.760 and
p
= 0.000).
Conclusion
The high reliability found in the results demonstrates that the Brazilian Portuguese version of the TFI is a valid and reliable instrument to evaluate the severity and impact of tinnitus on quality of life and changes related to its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcelo Yugi Doi
- Associate Program, Universidade Estadual de Londrina e Universidade Norte do Paraná, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Patricia Simonetti
- Otorrhinolaryngology Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jeanne Oiticica
- Tinnitus Research Group, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Santacruz JL, Arnold R, Tuinstra J, Stewart RE, van Dijk P. Validation of a Dutch version of the Tinnitus Functional Index in a tertiary referral tinnitus clinic. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07733. [PMID: 34430732 PMCID: PMC8371215 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tinnitus is a condition with a subjective nature that requires self-report questionnaires for its assessment. Aspects such as quality of life, sleep or intrusiveness have been addressed by multiple tinnitus questionnaires, but the high responsiveness to treatment effects of the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI) makes this questionnaire part of the standard practice in tinnitus screening. To date, the TFI has been translated to more than 20 languages and used in more than 22 countries. In this study, the TFI was translated to Dutch and validated through a clinical population in the Netherlands. METHODS After a back-translation procedure, the Dutch TFI was filled-out by 377 patients in the tinnitus outpatient clinic at the Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) department of the University Medical Center Groningen, in the Netherlands. Reliability and construct validity of the questionnaire were assessed by correlations with one other tinnitus questionnaire (Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, THI) and with three psychological functioning questionnaires (Rand-36, Cantril's ladder and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)). The eight-factor structure of the Dutch TFI was tested by means of exploratory factor analysis using three different models (ICM-CFA, ESEM and ESEM-CFA). RESULTS The Dutch TFI showed a high internal consistency (α = 0.95), and construct validity was proven by moderate-to high-convergent correlations with the THI (r = 0.47-0.79) and by moderate convergent (r = 0.55-0.67) and good-to moderate-divergent (r = 0.12-0.47) correlations with the psychological functioning questionnaires. The eight-factor structure of the TFI was confirmed for the Dutch version by the three models. CONCLUSION The Dutch version of the TFI is a reliable instrument for screening tinnitus impact in a clinical population, and its psychometric properties are comparable to the original TFI and other validated tinnitus questionnaires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L. Santacruz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences (Research School of Behavioral and Cognitive Neurosciences), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rosemarie Arnold
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jolanda Tuinstra
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Dept. of Health Sciences, the Netherlands
- University of Applied Sciences NHL Stenden, Dept. Health and Social Studies, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Roy E. Stewart
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Dept. of Health Sciences, the Netherlands
| | - Pim van Dijk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences (Research School of Behavioral and Cognitive Neurosciences), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Hüttenrauch E, Jensen M, Ivanšić D, Dobel C, Weise C. Improving the assessment of functional impairment in tinnitus sufferers: validation of the German version of the Tinnitus Functional Index using a confirmatory factor analysis. Int J Audiol 2021; 61:140-147. [PMID: 34010084 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2021.1919766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic tinnitus negatively impacts daily functioning. To specifically assess this impairment, the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI) was developed. The current study investigated the hierarchical, eight-factorial structure for the German TFI and examined its psychometric properties. DESIGN In an online assessment, the TFI and other validated health-related measurements were completed. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to investigate the factorial structure by testing two competing models: (1) a general factor model, and (2) a hierarchical second-order factor model. STUDY SAMPLE 316 research volunteers (59.8% female) with low to moderate tinnitus distress were included. RESULTS CFA revealed an insufficient fit of the data to the general factor model. For the hierarchical second-order factor model, an acceptable model fit was shown (χ2/df ratio = 2.74, RMSEA = 0.07, SRMR = 0.05, CFI = 0.95, TLI = 0.95). Correlational analyses between the TFI and measures assessing tinnitus distress, depression, sleeping difficulties, subjective well-being, and personality dimensions indicated high convergent and moderate discriminant validity. Internal consistency reliability was excellent. CONCLUSIONS The results confirm the hierarchical, eight-factorial structure of the German TFI. The TFI is a promising inventory that should be used on a regular basis.HighlightsThe results of our study confirm the hierarchical eight-factorial structure of the German TFI.Confirmatory factor analysis revealed an acceptable model fit of the data.Convergent validity of the German TFI was high.Discriminant validity of the German TFI was moderate.The German TFI is a reliable questionnaire to assess tinnitus functional impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Hüttenrauch
- Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Germany
| | - Martin Jensen
- Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Germany.,Eriksholm Research Center, Part of the Oticon Foundation, Snekkersten, Denmark
| | - Daniela Ivanšić
- Tinnitus-Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jena University Hospital, Germany
| | - Christian Dobel
- Tinnitus-Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jena University Hospital, Germany
| | - Cornelia Weise
- Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Germany
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Barozzi S, Del Bo L, Passoni S, Ginocchio D, Negri L, Crocetti A, Ambrosetti U. Psychometric properties of the Italian Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 40:230-237. [PMID: 32773786 PMCID: PMC7416372 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-2432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Barozzi
- Audiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Italy.,Fondazione Ascolta e Vivi, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Daniela Ginocchio
- UOSD Audiology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Umberto Ambrosetti
- Audiology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Italy.,UOSD Audiology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Wang X, Zeng R, Zhuang H, Sun Q, Yang Z, Sun C, Xiong G. Chinese validation and clinical application of the tinnitus functional index. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:272. [PMID: 32762753 PMCID: PMC7409716 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-01514-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI) is a new diagnostic measure of the functional impact of tinnitus that is also a sensitive measure of treatment-related changes. However, the TFI has not been translated into Chinese and fully validated in China. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the validity of a Chinese version of the TFI as a diagnostic measure of tinnitus severity in a sample of Chinese patients and to verify the value of its clinical application in China. DESIGN A sample of 206 patients whose primary complaint was tinnitus was used to analyze the reliability and validity of the TFI. In addition, patients were asked to fill out the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) to compare TFI with their association. The internal consistency of the TFI was assessed with Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The factor structure of the TFI was assessed by Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The extracted factors were compared to those of the original TFI scale. RESULTS The reliability of the Chinese version of the TFI (Cronbach' s α = .969) showed high internal consistency. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) of the TFI showed that six factors with one main factor could be extracted instead of eight factors as described in the original version. Nevertheless, relations to the original eight subscales could be demonstrated. A high correlation between the TFI and the THI (r = .865, p < 0.01) and lower correlations between the TFI and the CES-D (r = .334, p < 0.01), BAI (r = .559, p < 0.01), and SWLS (r = - 0.324, p < 0.01) confirmed the satisfactory convergent and discriminant validity of the TFI. CONCLUSION After translated and validated a Chinese version of the TFI and found that the TFI had high reliability and validity, which means both instruments are reliable instruments to assess the severity of tinnitus in clinical applications in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianren Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ruyan Zeng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiwen Zhuang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyang Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijun Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Cangjian Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanxia Xiong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
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向 婷, 郑 芸, 陆 涛. [Validation of the Chinese version of the auditory subscale of the tinnitus functional index]. LIN CHUANG ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF CLINICAL OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, HEAD, AND NECK SURGERY 2020; 34:603-605;609. [PMID: 32791633 PMCID: PMC10133104 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective:To explore whether the Chinese version of the tinnitus functional index(TFI-CH) auditory subscale score can accurately reflect the impact of tinnitus on hearing. Method:TFI-CH were used to evaluate the severity of tinnitus in 72 adult patients with primary tinnitus. The hearing thershold were recorded by audiological examination. Result:There was significant difference in pure-tone average and the score of the TFI-CH and auditory subscale between patients with normal hearing and patients with hearing loss(P<0.01). There was no significant correlation between TFI-CH auditory subscale score and age, gender, educational level and course of tinnitus(P>0.05). A positive correlation was found between the pure-tone average and TFI-CH auditory subscale score(r=0.44, P<0.01). There was linear correlation between the pure-tone average and the scores of TFI-CH and auditory subscale(P<0.01). Conclusion:The score of the TFI-CH and its hearing subscale are affected by the hearing threshold of tinnitus patients, especially in tinnitus patients with hearing loss. Whether TFI-CH hearing subscale score can accurately reflect the influence of tinnitus on the hearing threshold of patients remains unclear, which needs to be considered in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- 婷 向
- 四川大学华西医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科听力中心/听力与言语康复学系/听觉言语实验室(成都,610041)Hearing Center, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, School of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, Hearing and Speech Lab, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - 芸 郑
- 四川大学华西医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科听力中心/听力与言语康复学系/听觉言语实验室(成都,610041)Hearing Center, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, School of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, Hearing and Speech Lab, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - 涛 陆
- 四川大学华西医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科听力中心/听力与言语康复学系/听觉言语实验室(成都,610041)Hearing Center, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, School of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, Hearing and Speech Lab, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Peter N, Liyanage N, Pfiffner F, Huber A, Kleinjung T. The Influence of Cochlear Implantation on Tinnitus in Patients with Single-Sided Deafness: A Systematic Review. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2019; 161:576-588. [DOI: 10.1177/0194599819846084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
ObjectivesThis systematic review provides an overview of the available studies (published by January 29, 2018) with descriptive data analysis about the influence of cochlear implantation on tinnitus in patients with single-sided deafness (SSD).Data SourcesPubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar.Review MethodsOriginal studies about the influence of cochlear implantation on tinnitus, measured with different tinnitus questionnaires or visual analog scale, in patients with SSD were included. The pre- and postimplantation tinnitus scores of the included studies were extracted for the further systematic review.ResultsThe systematic search yielded 1028 studies. After evaluating titles, abstracts, and full texts, 1011 of these were dismissed. From the remaining 17 studies, 4 showed a low directness of evidence or high risk of bias and were therefore excluded. Due to the nature of cochlear implantation in SSD, only cohort studies and no randomized trials exist, which limits the evaluation in a systematic review. Generally, the mean tinnitus questionnaire scores decreased after cochlear implantation in these 13 studies with a total of 153 patients. The most widely used tinnitus questionnaire was the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory. In these studies, 34.2% of patients demonstrated complete suppression, 53.7% an improvement, 7.3% a stable value, and 4.9% an increase of tinnitus, and none of the patients reported an induction of tinnitus.ConclusionThis review shows a clear improvement of tinnitus complaints after cochlear implantation in patients with SSD. Therefore, tinnitus might be considered as an additional indication for cochlear implantation in SSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Peter
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nuwan Liyanage
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Flurin Pfiffner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Huber
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Kleinjung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Suzuki N, Oishi N, Ogawa K. Validation of the Japanese version of the tinnitus functional index (TFI). Int J Audiol 2019; 58:167-173. [DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2018.1534279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noriomi Suzuki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Hospital Organization Tochigi Medical Center, Utsunomiya-Shi, Japan
| | - Naoki Oishi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Ogawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Peter N, Kleinjung T, Jeker R, Meyer M, Klaghofer R, Weidt S. Tinnitus functional index: validation of the German version for Switzerland. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2017; 15:94. [PMID: 28476163 PMCID: PMC5420117 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-017-0669-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Different standardized questionnaires are used to assess tinnitus severity, making comparisons across studies difficult. These questionnaires are also used to measure treatment-related changes in tinnitus although they were not designed for this purpose. To solve these problems, a new questionnaire - the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI) - has been established. The TFI is highly responsive to treatment-related change and promises to be the new gold standard in tinnitus evaluation. The aim of the current study was to validate a German version of the TFI for a German-speaking population in Switzerland. Methods At the ENT department of the University Hospital Zurich, 264 subjects completed an online survey including the German version for Switzerland of TFI, Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and sociodemographic variables. Internal consistency of the TFI was calculated with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Pearson correlation coefficients were used for the test-retest reliability of the TFI and to investigate convergent and discriminant validity between the THI and the BDI and BAI, respectively. Factor analysis was assessed using a principal component analysis with oblique rotation. The different factors extracted were then compared with the original questionnaire. Results The German version of the TFI for Switzerland showed an excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha of 0.97) and an excellent test-retest reliability of 0.91. The convergent validity with THI was high (r = 0.86). The discriminant validity with BAI and BDI showed moderate results (BAI: r = 0.60 and BDI: r = 0.65). In the factor analysis only five factors with one main factor could be extracted instead of eight factors as described in the original version. Nevertheless, relations to the original eight subscales could be demonstrated. Conclusion The German version of the TFI for Switzerland is a suitable instrument for measuring the impact of tinnitus. The reliability and validity of this version are comparable with the original version of the TFI. Although this study showed only five factors in the factor analysis, relations to the original eight subscales were identified. Therefore, the German version of the TFI for Switzerland can deliver relevant information regarding the different tinnitus domains. Trial registration Clinical trial registration number on clinicaltrial.gov: NCT01837368.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Peter
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 24, CH-8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Tobias Kleinjung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 24, CH-8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Jeker
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 24, CH-8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Meyer
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Andreasstrasse 15, CH-8050, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Richard Klaghofer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Zurich, Haldenbachstrasse 18, CH-8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Steffi Weidt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Zurich, Haldenbachstrasse 18, CH-8091, Zurich, Switzerland
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