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Liu C, Chen X, Wang S, Luo Y, Du W, Yin Y, Guo H. A field study of a novel permeable-reactive-biobarrier to remediate chlorinated hydrocarbons contaminated groundwater. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 351:124042. [PMID: 38679128 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHs) pose significant health risks due to their suspected carcinogenicity, necessitating urgent remediation efforts. While the combination of zero-valent iron (Fe0) and microbial action shows promise in mitigating CH contamination, field studies on this approach are scarce. We devised a novel three-layer permeable reactive barrier (PRB) material incorporating Fe0 and coconut shell biochar, effectively implemented at a typical CH-contaminated site. Field monitoring data revealed conducive conditions for reductive dechlorination of CHs, characterized by low oxygen levels and a relatively neutral pH in the groundwater. The engineered PRB material consistently released organic carbon and iron, fostering the proliferation of CH-dechlorinating bacteria. Over a 250-day operational period, the pilot-scale PRB demonstrated remarkable efficacy in CH removal, achieving removal efficiencies ranging from 21.9% to 99.6% for various CH compounds. Initially, CHs were predominantly eliminated through adsorption and iron-mediated reductive dechlorination. However, microbial reductive dechlorination emerged as the predominant mechanism for sustained and long-term CHs removal. These findings underscore the economic viability and effectiveness of our approach in treating CH-contaminated groundwater, offering promising prospects for broader application in environmental remediation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Liu
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Nanjing, 210036, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Shui Wang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Nanjing, 210036, China.
| | - Yongming Luo
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Wenchao Du
- School of the Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Ying Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Joint International Research Centre for Critical Zone Science-University of Leeds and Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Leather KE, McGillen MR, Ghalaieny M, Shallcross DE, Percival CJ. Temperature-dependent kinetics for the ozonolysis of selected chlorinated alkenes in the gas phase. INT J CHEM KINET 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.20533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Heineman EF, Cocco P, Gómez MR, Dosemeci M, Stewart PA, Hayes RB, Zahm SH, Thomas TL, Blair A. Occupational exposure to chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons and risk of astrocytic brain cancer. Am J Ind Med 1994; 26:155-69. [PMID: 7977393 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.4700260203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) were evaluated as potential risk factors for astrocytic brain tumors. Job-exposure matrices for six individual CAHs and for the general class of organic solvents were applied to data from a case-control study of brain cancer among white men. The matrices indicated whether the CAHs were likely to have been used in each industry and occupation by decade (1920-1980), and provided estimates of probability and intensity of exposure for "exposed" industries and occupations. Cumulative exposure indices were calculated for each subject. Associations of astrocytic brain cancer were observed with likely exposure to carbon tetrachloride, methylene chloride, tetrachloroethylene, and trichloroethylene, but were strongest for methylene chloride. Exposure to chloroform or methyl chloroform showed little indication of an association with brain cancer. Risk of astrocytic brain tumors increased with probability and average intensity of exposure, and with duration of employment in jobs considered exposed to methylene chloride, but not with a cumulative exposure score. These trends could not be explained by exposures to the other solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- E F Heineman
- Occupational Studies Section, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20892
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Gomez MR, Cocco P, Dosemeci M, Stewart PA. Occupational exposure to chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons: job exposure matrix. Am J Ind Med 1994; 26:171-83. [PMID: 7977394 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.4700260204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A job exposure matrix combining features to increase the accuracy of exposure assessment was developed to evaluate cancer risks from workplace exposures to six chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs). A detailed description of the matrix is provided to satisfy the need for more in-depth discussion of exposure assessment methods than is typical in today's epidemiologic literature. The matrix assigns semiquantitative estimates of the probability and intensity of exposure to each four-digit Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) and Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) code potentially associated with exposure to each CAH. The matrix also accounts for the changing patterns of use of the CAHs by decade from the 1920s to the 1980s. An algorithm combines these parameters to assign each study subject a unique lifetime probability of exposure and an estimated score of cumulative exposure for each CAH. These assignments can then become the subjects of analyses. The ability of the matrix to reduce the number of false positive exposure assessments is discussed and illustrated. A companion paper describes the detailed epidemiologic findings of this application of the matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Gomez
- Occupational Studies Section, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
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Zhang J, Hatakeyama S, Akimoto H. Rate constants of the reaction of ozone withtrans-1,2-dichloroethene and vinyl chloride in air. INT J CHEM KINET 1983. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.550150707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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