1
|
Sugiwaki H, Kotani M, Fujita A, Moriwaki S. Effects of Schumann resonance on the proliferation and migration of normal human epidermal keratinocytes and the expression of DEFB1 and SIRT1. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024; 23:676-680. [PMID: 37697693 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND When the skin is damaged and its barrier function is disrupted, the proliferation and migration of epidermal keratinocytes are vital for repairing the damaged area. The Schumann resonance at 7.8 Hz has been reported to protect rat cardiomyocytes against oxidative stress and inhibit the proliferation of B16 mouse melanoma cells. However, its effect on the skin is unknown. AIMS In this study, we applied 7.8-Hz electromagnetic waves to normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) and investigated its effects on cell proliferation and migration, β-defensin (DEFB1) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression. METHODS We performed cell proliferation assay, cell migrationassay and gene expression analysis of DEFB1 and SIRT1. RESULTS We found that the application of 7.8-Hz electromagnetic waves caused a 2.8-fold increase in NHEK proliferation, enhanced cell migration, and increased the expression of DEFB1 and SIRT1 by 2.4-fold and 4.9-fold, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the application of 7.8-Hz electromagnetic waves may contribute to improving the skin barrier function and skin ulcer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shinichi Moriwaki
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Aydemir E, Arslan İİ, Görkay AH. The Application of Electromagnetic Fields in Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1450:103-120. [PMID: 37755661 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2023_788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The use of nonionizing electromagnetic fields (EMFs) has attracted interest in cancer research during the past few decades due to its noninvasive therapeutic successes in the treatment of cancer. Some epidemiological studies suggest that there may be a link between exposure to EMF and developing malignancies (such as leukemia and gliomas) or neurodegenerative diseases since EMF has a variety of biological effects such as altering reactive oxygen species (ROS)-regulated pathways. EMF exposure, however, has the potential to cause cancer cells to undergo a period of regulated cell death. Therefore, it is important to thoroughly investigate how EMF might influence cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis - processes that are targeted in cancer treatment. In this chapter, we give a thorough summary of the most recent studies on the potential use of various EMF applications with adjustable settings to treat different forms of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esra Aydemir
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - İsmail İshak Arslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Hakan Görkay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Askaripour K, Żak A. A mechanistically approached review upon assorted cell lines stimulated by athermal electromagnetic irradiation. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:1319-1342. [PMID: 37144743 PMCID: PMC10228405 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2206682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The probable influence of electromagnetic irradiation on cancer treatment has been deduced from the interaction of artificial electromagnetic emissions with biological organisms. Nonetheless, the suspected health effects induced by electromagnetic-based technology imply that such a treatment may contaminate the adjacent healthy cells. Thus, gaining mechanistic insights into the problem is required to avoid athermal health hazards. To tackle that, the current review, based upon in vitro studies into assorted cell lines, depicts the alterations in physiological processes triggered by electromagnetic irradiation via addressing gene regulatory cascades. Furthermore, decisive factors in the hypothesized cause-effect linkage in terms of the cell line-associated, exposure-associated, or endpoint-associated parameters are highlighted. As a result, subcellular structures such as aberrant Ca2+ channels, rich glycocalyx charge, or high water content in cancerous cells, which have attracted a great deal of attention, can explain their higher susceptibility compared with healthy cells under irradiation. Affected by cell components or geometry, the cellular biological window correlates with the metabolic or cell cycle status and determines the irradiation that causes the maximum influence. For instance, correlations between the frequency (or intensity) of irradiation and cell excitability or between the duration of irradiation and cell doubling time are observed. There are unspecified signaling pathways such as the pathway of PPAR-γ or MAPKs, and also proteins devoid of any investigation such as p14, or S phase-related and G2 phase-related proteins. Other chains, such as the cAMP connection with mitochondrial ATP or ERK signaling, the association of Hsps releases with signaling pathways of MAPKs, or the role of different ion channels in regulating various cell processes, require further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khadijeh Askaripour
- Department of Biomechatronics, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Żak
- Department of Biomechatronics, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mshenskaya N, Sinitsyna Y, Kalyasova E, Valeria K, Zhirova A, Karpeeva I, Ilin N. Influence of Schumann Range Electromagnetic Fields on Components of Plant Redox Metabolism in Wheat and Peas. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11151955. [PMID: 35956432 PMCID: PMC9370302 DOI: 10.3390/plants11151955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Schumann Resonances (ScR) are Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) electromagnetic resonances in the Earth-ionosphere cavity excited by global lightning discharges. ScR are the part of electromagnetic field (EMF) of Earth. The influence of ScR on biological systems is still insufficiently understood. The purpose of the study is to characterize the possible role of the plant cell redox metabolism regulating system in the Schumann Resonances EMF perception. Activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase, their isoenzyme structure, content of malondialdehyde, composition of polar lipids in leaf extracts of wheat and pea plants treated with short-time (30 min) and long-time (18 days) ELF EMF with a frequency of 7.8 Hz, 14.3 Hz, 20.8 Hz have been investigated. Short-time exposure ELF EMF caused more pronounced bio effects than long-time exposure. Wheat catalase turned out to be the most sensitive parameter to magnetic fields. It is assumed that the change in the activity of wheat catalase after a short-term ELF EMF may be associated with the ability of this enzyme to perceive the action of a weak EMF through calcium calmodulin and/or cryptochromic signaling systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Mshenskaya
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (Y.S.); (E.K.); (K.V.); (A.Z.); (I.K.)
- Earth’s Electromagnetic Environment Laboratory, Institute of Applied Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 603600 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Yulia Sinitsyna
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (Y.S.); (E.K.); (K.V.); (A.Z.); (I.K.)
| | - Ekaterina Kalyasova
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (Y.S.); (E.K.); (K.V.); (A.Z.); (I.K.)
| | - Koshcheeva Valeria
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (Y.S.); (E.K.); (K.V.); (A.Z.); (I.K.)
| | - Anastasia Zhirova
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (Y.S.); (E.K.); (K.V.); (A.Z.); (I.K.)
| | - Irina Karpeeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (Y.S.); (E.K.); (K.V.); (A.Z.); (I.K.)
| | - Nikolay Ilin
- Earth’s Electromagnetic Environment Laboratory, Institute of Applied Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 603600 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Duan Y, Wu X, Gong Z, Guo Q, Kong Y. Pathological impact and medical applications of electromagnetic field on melanoma: A focused review. Front Oncol 2022; 12:857068. [PMID: 35936711 PMCID: PMC9355252 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.857068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Electromagnetic Field (EMF) influences melanoma in various ways. EMF can be classified into extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field, low-frequency magnetic field, static moderate magnetic field, strong electromagnetic field, alternating magnetic field, and magnetic nanoparticles. Each type of EMF influences melanoma development differently, and the detailed influence of each specific type of EMF on melanoma is reviewed. Furthermore, EMF influences melanoma cell polarity and hence affects drug uptake. In this review, the impacts of EMF on the effectiveness of drugs used to treat melanoma are listed according to drug types, with detailed effects according to the types of EMF and specific melanoma cell lines. EMF also impacts clinical therapies of melanoma, including localized magnetic hyperthermia, focalized thermotherapy, proton radiation treatment, nanostructure heating magnetic hyperthermia, radiation therapy, Polycaprolactone-Fe3O4 fiber mat-based bandage, and optune therapy. Above all, EMF has huge potential in melanoma treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiao Duan
- Astronomy Department, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, United States
| | - Xiaowen Wu
- Melanoma Department, Beijing Institution for Cancer Research, Beijing, China
| | - Ziqi Gong
- Melanoma Department, Beijing Institution for Cancer Research, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Guo
- Melanoma Department, Beijing Institution for Cancer Research, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Kong
- Melanoma Department, Beijing Institution for Cancer Research, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Kong,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Alkis ME, Akdag MZ, Kandemir I. Influence of extremely low-frequency magnetic field on chemotherapy and electrochemotherapy efficacy in human Caco-2 colon cancer cells. Electromagn Biol Med 2022; 41:177-183. [PMID: 35261297 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2022.2046047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Although chemotherapy (CT) has some adverse effects on healthy tissues and cells, it is widely preferred for treating patients with cancer. Drug resistance is one of the major impediments to successful cancer treatment. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a technique where cancer cells are rendered permeable to medications. Thanks to this permeability, the dose of the medication required for cancer treatment decreases. Our aim in this study is to examine the effects of short-term extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) on CT and ECT treatments in Caco-2 colon cancer cells. The Caco-2 cancer cells were treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, 50 µM) and ECT (strength:1125 V/cm, duration:100 µs, frequency:1 Hz), alone as well as in combinations with ELF-MF (4 mT, 10 min). MTT assay was used to determine the efficacy of the treatments. Our findings in the study showed that ECT was much more successful than 5-FU treatment alone in Caco-2 colon cancer cells. Application of 4 mT ELF-MF after CT significantly increased the viability of the Caco-2 cancer cells compared to the CT group alone (p < .05). An increase in the viability of cells treated with 4 mT after ECT was observed compared to ECT alone. Similarly, there was an increase in the viability of cells treated with MF prior to ECT treatment (p < .05). The results show that exposure to ELF-MF at 4 mT flux density significantly reduces CT and ECT treatment efficacy in Caco-2 colon cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Esref Alkis
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Health Sciences, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Zulkuf Akdag
- Department of Biophysics, Medical School of Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Irtegun Kandemir
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Masoudi-Khoram N, Abdolmaleki P. Effects of repeated exposure to 50 Hz electromagnetic field on breast cancer cells. Electromagn Biol Med 2021; 41:44-51. [PMID: 34747307 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2021.1995872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) is emerging as a novel approach in cancer treatment. This study evaluated the impact of daily exposure to 50 Hz EMF on breast cancer cells in vitro. The MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells were exposed to EMF (50 Hz 20 mT, for 3 hours per day for up to four days) and examined for cell vaibility. The effect of daily ELF-EMF exposure on cell cycle progression and cell death was further investigated. The result revealed that the consecutive exposure to 50 Hz EMF at 20 mT remarkably decreased the viability of MDA-MB-231 compared to the non-exposed group, while it had no significant effect on MCF-7 cells. The ELF-EMF exposure induced G1 phase arrest along with the increase in sub-G1 cell population in MDA-MB-231. Moreover, repeated exposure to 50 Hz EMF promoted cell cycle progression in MCF-7 by increasing the percentage of cells in the S phase. The fluorescent staining revealed that daily exposure of ELF-EMF induced apoptotic cell death in MDA-MB-231, but no morphological change was observed in MCF-7 cells. The results showed that repeated daily exposure to 50 Hz EMF exhibited anti-proliferative activity against invasive breast cancer cells by impairing cell cycle progression and inducing cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Masoudi-Khoram
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parviz Abdolmaleki
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
García-Minguillán O, Maestú C. 30 Hz, Could It Be Part of a Window Frequency for Cellular Response? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3642. [PMID: 33807400 PMCID: PMC8036499 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Many exogenous and endogenous risk factors have been proposed as precursors of brain tumors, including the exposure to non-ionizing electromagnetic fields. Nevertheless, there is still a debate among the scientific community about the hazard of the effects produced by non-ionizing radiation (NIR) because conflicting results have been found (number of articles reviewed >50). For that reason, to provide new evidence on the possible effects produced by exposure to NIR, we performed different studies with several combinations of extremely low frequencies, times, and field intensities in tumoral and non-tumoral cells. The results of our studies showed that cell viability was frequency dependent in glioblastoma cells. In fact, our results revealed that a frequency of 30 Hz-or even other frequencies close to 30 Hz-could constitute a window frequency determinant of the cellular response in tumoral and non-tumoral cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga García-Minguillán
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ceferino Maestú
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- CTB (CTB-UPM) Centro de Tecnología Biomédica, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
- CIBER-BBN Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang MH, Chen KW, Ni DX, Fang HJ, Jang LS, Chen CH. Effect of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field parameters on the proliferation of human breast cancer. Electromagn Biol Med 2021; 40:384-392. [PMID: 33632057 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2021.1891093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposures influence many biological systems. These effects are mainly related to the intensity, duration, frequency, and pattern of the ELF-EMF. Our intent was to characterize the effect of specific pulsed electromagnetic fields on the in vitro proliferation of MCF-7 adenocarcinoma and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines and one non-cancerous M10 breast epithelial cell line. The following four important parameters of ELF-EMF were examined: frequencies (7.83 ± 0.3, 23.49 ± 0.3, and 39.15 ± 0.3 Hz), flux density (0.5 and 1 mT), exposure duration (12, 24, and 48 h), and the exposure methodology (continuous exposure versus switching exposure). The viability of MDA-MB-231 cells exposed to the optimized ELF-EMF pattern (7.83 ± 0.3 Hz, 1 mT, and 6 h switching exposure) was 40.1%. By contrast, the optimized ELF-EMF parameters that were most cytotoxic to breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells were not damaging to normal M10 cells. In vitro studies also showed that exposure of MDA-MB-231 cells to the optimized ELF-EMF pattern promoted Ca2+ influx and resulted in apoptosis. These data confirm that exposure to this specific ELF-EMF pattern can influence cellular processes and inhibit cancer cell growth. The specific ELF-EMF pattern determined in this study may provide a potential anti-cancer treatment in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Haw Wang
- Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Wei Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ding-Xung Ni
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Jha Fang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Sheng Jang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hong Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang MH, Jian MW, Tai YH, Jang LS, Chen CH. Inhibition of B16F10 Cancer Cell Growth by Exposure to the Square Wave with 7.83+/-0.3Hz Involves L- and T-Type Calcium Channels. Electromagn Biol Med 2020; 40:150-157. [PMID: 33111597 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2020.1839491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure influences many biological systems; these effects are mainly related to the intensity, duration, frequency, and pattern of the ELF-EMF. In this study, exposure to square wave with 7.83±0.3 Hz (sweep step 0.1 Hz) was shown to inhibit the growth of B16F10 melanoma tumor cells. In addition, the distribution of the magnetic field was calculated by Biot-Savart Law and plotted using MATLAB. In vitro studies demonstrated a decrease in B16F10 cell proliferation and an increase of Ca2+ influx after 48 h of exposure to the square wave. Ca2+ influx was also partially blocked by inhibition of voltage-gated L- and T-type Ca2+ channels. The data confirmed that the specific time-varying ELF-EMF had an anti-proliferation effect on B16F10 cells and that the inhibition is related to Ca2+ and voltage-gated L- and T-type Ca2+ channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Haw Wang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Culture University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Wei Jian
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Hsuan Tai
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tunghai University , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Sheng Jang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hong Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tunghai University , Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Vencloviene J, Radisauskas R, Vaiciulis V, Kiznys D, Bernotiene G, Kranciukaite-Butylkiniene D, Tamosiunas A. Associations between Quasi-biennial Oscillation phase, solar wind, geomagnetic activity, and the incidence of acute myocardial infarction. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2020; 64:1207-1220. [PMID: 32291532 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-020-01895-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An increase in the daily rate of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been observed during days of geomagnetic storm (GS). However, the analysis of associations between the daily number of AMI and geomagnetic activity (GMA) over longer periods sometimes yields controversial results. The study aimed to detect the complex association between the daily numbers of AMI and weather, the Quasi-biennial Oscillation (QBO) phase, GMA, and solar wind variables. We used data of Kaunas population-based Ischemic Heart Disease Register of residents of Kaunas city (Lithuania) for 2000-2012. The associations between weather and space weather variables and the daily number of AMI were evaluated by applying the multivariate Poisson regression. A higher risk of AMI was positively associated with active-stormy local GMA (rate ratio (RR) = 1.06 (95% CI 1.01-1.10)), solar wind dynamic pressure with a lag of 4 days (RR = 1.02 (1.01-1.04) per 1 nPa increase), and solar wind speed with a lag of 3-7 days (RR = 1.03 (1.01-1.05) per 100 km/s increase). A positive association was found between the west QBO phase and the risk of AMI during winter (RR = 1.08 (1.01-1.16)), and a negative association was observed between them during March-November (RR = 0.93 (0.90-0.97)). The risk of AMI positively associated with the GS due to stream interaction regions with a lag of 0-2 days during the east QBO phase (RR = 1.10, p = 0.046) and was negatively associated with them during the west QBO phase (RR = 0.82, p = 0.024). These results may help understand the population's sensitivity under different weather and space weather conditions. The QBO phase may modify the effect of GS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jone Vencloviene
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu St. 15, LT-50103, Kaunas, Lithuania.
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Donelaicio St. 58, LT-44248, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Ricardas Radisauskas
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu St. 15, LT-50103, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes St. 18, LT-47181, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vidmantas Vaiciulis
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes St. 18, LT-47181, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Deivydas Kiznys
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Donelaicio St. 58, LT-44248, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Gailute Bernotiene
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu St. 15, LT-50103, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Daina Kranciukaite-Butylkiniene
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu St. 15, LT-50103, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Family Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu St. 2, LT-50009, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Abdonas Tamosiunas
- Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu St. 15, LT-50103, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes St. 18, LT-47181, Kaunas, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|