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Li X, Ma Z, Mei L. Comprehensive analysis of UBE2C expression and its potential roles and mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:7397-7407. [PMID: 37580802 PMCID: PMC10457065 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks one of the most common and lethal cancers all over the world. Previous studies suggest that ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2C (UBE2C) serves as an oncogene in human cancers. However, its expression, diagnosis, prognosis and potential mechanisms in HCC remain largely unknown. In this study, the expression of UBE2C in HCC was first analyzed by comprehensive bioinformatic analysis. ROC curve analysis and survival analysis were employed to assess the diagnostic and prognostic roles of UBE2C in HCC. UBE2C promoter methylation level and upstream regulatory miRNAs of UBE2C in HCC were explored. The present work demonstrated that UBE2C was significantly upregulated in HCC compared with normal controls. We also found significant diagnostic and prognostic values of UBE2C in HCC. Promoter methylation of UBE2C was obviously decreased in HCC and was negatively correlated with UBE2C mRNA expression. 10 miRNAs were predicted to potentially bind to UBE2C. In vitro assay and bioinformatic correlation analysis together revealed that hsa-miR-193b-3p might be another key upstream regulatory mechanism of UBE2C in HCC. In conclusion, UBE2C is overexpressed in HCC and may serve as a key diagnostic/prognostic biomarker for patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Department of Emergency, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317000, China
| | - Zhaosheng Ma
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317000, China
| | - Linhang Mei
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317000, China
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2
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Mokhtari K, Peymani M, Rashidi M, Hushmandi K, Ghaedi K, Taheriazam A, Hashemi M. Colon cancer transcriptome. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 180-181:49-82. [PMID: 37059270 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Over the last four decades, methodological innovations have continuously changed transcriptome profiling. It is now feasible to sequence and quantify the transcriptional outputs of individual cells or thousands of samples using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). These transcriptomes serve as a connection between cellular behaviors and their underlying molecular mechanisms, such as mutations. This relationship, in the context of cancer, provides a chance to unravel tumor complexity and heterogeneity and uncover novel biomarkers or treatment options. Since colon cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies, its prognosis and diagnosis seem to be critical. The transcriptome technology is developing for an earlier and more accurate diagnosis of cancer which can provide better protectivity and prognostic utility to medical teams and patients. A transcriptome is a whole set of expressed coding and non-coding RNAs in an individual or cell population. The cancer transcriptome includes RNA-based changes. The combined genome and transcriptome of a patient may provide a comprehensive picture of their cancer, and this information is beginning to affect treatment decision-making in real-time. A full assessment of the transcriptome of colon (colorectal) cancer has been assessed in this review paper based on risk factors such as age, obesity, gender, alcohol use, race, and also different stages of cancer, as well as non-coding RNAs like circRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and siRNAs. Similarly, they have been examined independently in the transcriptome study of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khatere Mokhtari
- Department of Modern Biology, ACECR Institute of Higher Education (Isfahan Branch), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Peymani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 4815733971, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 4815733971, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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Lei X, Hu X, Lu Q, Fu W, Sun W, Ma Q, Huang D, Xu Q. Ubiquitin‑conjugating enzymes as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for digestive system cancers (Review). Oncol Rep 2023; 49:63. [PMID: 36799184 PMCID: PMC9944987 DOI: 10.3892/or.2023.8500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Digestive system cancers are the leading cause of cancer‑related death worldwide due to their high morbidity and mortality rates. The current treatment methods include surgical treatment, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and endoscopic treatment, and the precisely targeted therapy of digestive system cancers requires to be further studied. The ubiquitin‑proteasome system is the main pathway for protein degradation in cells and the ubiquitin‑conjugating enzymes (E2s) have a decisive role in the specific selection of target proteins for degradation. The E2s have an important physiological role in digestive system cancers, which is related to the clinical tumor stage, differentiation degree and poor prognosis. Furthermore, they are involved in the physiological processes of digestive system tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion, stemness, drug resistance and autophagy. In the present article, the progress and achievements of the E2s in gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, gallbladder cancer and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were reviewed, which may provide early screening indicators and reliable therapeutic targets for digestive system cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiang Lei
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoge Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Qiliang Lu
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Wen Fu
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Wen Sun
- Second Clinical Medical Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Qiancheng Ma
- Institute of Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Dongsheng Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Dongsheng Huang or Dr Qiuran Xu, The Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, 158 Shangtang Road, Gongshu, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China, E-mail:
| | - Qiuran Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Dongsheng Huang or Dr Qiuran Xu, The Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, 158 Shangtang Road, Gongshu, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China, E-mail:
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4
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Li Q, Zhang W. Progress in Anticancer Drug Development Targeting Ubiquitination-Related Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315104. [PMID: 36499442 PMCID: PMC9737479 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination is extensively involved in critical signaling pathways through monitoring protein stability, subcellular localization, and activity. Dysregulation of this process results in severe diseases including malignant cancers. To develop drugs targeting ubiquitination-related factors is a hotspot in research to realize better therapy of human diseases. Ubiquitination comprises three successive reactions mediated by Ub-activating enzyme E1, Ub-conjugating enzyme E2, and Ub ligase E3. As expected, multiple ubiquitination enzymes have been highlighted as targets for anticancer drug development due to their dominant effect on tumorigenesis and cancer progression. In this review, we discuss recent progresses in anticancer drug development targeting enzymatic machinery components.
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Lin S, Qiu L, Liang K, Zhang H, Xian M, Chen Z, Wei J, Fu S, Gong X, Ding K, Zhang Z, Hu B, Zhang X, Duan Y, Du H. KAT2A/ E2F1 Promotes Cell Proliferation and Migration via Upregulating the Expression of UBE2C in Pan-Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:1817. [PMID: 36292703 PMCID: PMC9602169 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Various studies have shown that lysine acetyltransferase 2A (KAT2A), E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1), and ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 C (UBE2C) genes regulated the proliferation and migration of tumor cells through regulating the cell cycle. However, there is a lack of in-depth and systematic research on their mechanisms of action. This study analyzed The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to screen potential candidate genes and the regulation network of KAT2A and E2F1 complex in pan-cancer. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting (WB), cell phenotype detection, immunofluorescence co-localization, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay (ChIP), and RNA-Seq techniques were used to explore the functional of a candidate gene, UBE2C. We found that the expression of these three genes was significantly higher in more than 10 tumor types compared to normal tissue. Moreover, UBE2C was mainly expressed in tumor cells, which highlighted the impacts of UBE2C as a specific therapeutic strategy. Moreover, KAT2A and E2F1 could promote cell proliferation and the migration of cancer cells by enhancing the expression of UBE2C. Mechanically, KAT2A was found to cooperate with E2F1 and be recruited by E2F1 to the UBE2C promoter for elevating the expression of UBE2C by increasing the acetylation level of H3K9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudai Lin
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Li Qiu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Keying Liang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mingjian Xian
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zixi Chen
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jinfen Wei
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuying Fu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaocheng Gong
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ke Ding
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Bowen Hu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiquan Zhang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuyou Duan
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences and School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongli Du
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Chen Z, Zhang M, Lu Y, Ding T, Liu Z, Liu Y, Zhou Z, Wang L. Overexpressed lncRNA FTX promotes the cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion of renal cell carcinoma via FTX/miR‑4429/UBE2C axis. Oncol Rep 2022; 48:163. [PMID: 35866591 PMCID: PMC9350997 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the role of long non‑coding (lnc)RNA FTX and ubiquitin‑conjugating enzyme E2C (UBE2C) in promoting the progression of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and the underlying regulatory mechanism. Relative levels of lncRNA FTX, UBE2C, AKT, CDK1 and CDK6 in RCC cell lines were detected by reverse transcription‑quantitative (RT‑q). Expression levels of UBE2C, phosphorylated (p)‑AKT/AKT, p‑CDK1/CDK1 and p‑CDK6/CDK6 in RCC and paracancerous specimens and RCC cells were measured by western blot or immunohistochemistry assay. In addition, the proliferative rate, cell viability, cell cycle progression, migratory rate and invasive rate of RCC cells overexpressing lncRNA FTX by lentivirus transfection were determined by a series of functional experiments, including the colony formation assay, MTT assay, flow cytometry, Transwell assay and wound healing assay. The targeted binding relationship in the lncRNA FTX/miR‑4429/UBE2C axis was validated by dual‑luciferase reporter assay. By intervening microRNA (miR)‑4492 and UBE2C by the transfection of miR‑4429‑mimics or short interfering UBE2C‑2, the regulatory effect of lncRNA FTX/miR‑4429/UBE2C axis on the progression of RCC was evaluated. Finally, a xenograft model of RCC in nude mice was established by subcutaneous implantation, thus evaluating the in vivo function of lncRNA FTX in the progression of RCC. The results showed that lncRNA FTX and UBE2C were upregulated in RCC specimens and cell lines. The overexpression of lncRNA FTX in RCC cells upregulated UBE2C. In addition, the overexpression of lncRNA FTX promoted the cell viability and proliferative, migratory and invasive capacities of RCC cells and accelerated the cell cycle progression. A dual‑luciferase reporter assay validated that lncRNA FTX exerted the miRNA sponge effect on miR‑4429, which was bound to UBE2C 3'UTR. Knockdown of UBE2C effectively reversed the regulatory effects of overexpressed lncRNA FTX on the abovementioned phenotypes of RCC cells. In the xenograft model of RCC, the mice implanted with RCC cells overexpressing lncRNA FTX showed a larger tumor size and higher tumor weight than those of controls, while the in vivo knockdown of UBE2C significantly reduced the size of RCC lesions, indicating the reversed cancer‑promoting effect of lncRNA FTX. Overall, the present study showed that lncRNA FTX was upregulated in RCC and could significantly promote the proliferative, migratory and invasive capacities, enhancing the viability and accelerating the cell cycle progression of RCC cells by exerting the miRNA sponge effect on miR‑4429 and thus upregulating UBE2C. lncRNA FTX and UBE2C are potential molecular biomarkers and therapeutic targets of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Zhanggong, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Mengting Zhang
- Department of The First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Zhanggong, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Yukang Lu
- Department of The First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Zhanggong, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Tao Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Zhanggong, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Zhanyu Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Zhanggong, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Yanmei Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Zhanggong, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoling Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Zhanggong, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Lanfeng Wang
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Zhanggong, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
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7
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Chen R, Ma S, Qiao H, Su F, Wang L, Guan Q. Identification of target genes and prognostic evaluation for colorectal cancer using integrated bioinformatics analysis. ALL LIFE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2022.2026825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Department of the First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shoucheng Ma
- Department of the First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Qiao
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Su
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of the First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - QuanLin Guan
- Department of the First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oncology Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
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8
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Sha H, Gan Y, Xu F, Zhu Y, Zou R, Peng W, Wu Z, Ma R, Wu J, Feng J. MicroRNA-381 in human cancer: Its involvement in tumour biology and clinical applications potential. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:977-989. [PMID: 35014178 PMCID: PMC8831973 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non‐coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post‐transcriptional level. MiRNAs are involved in the development and progression of a wide range of cancers. Among such cancer‐associated miRNAs, miR‐381 has been a major focus of research. The expression pattern and role of miR‐381 vary among different cancer types. MiR‐381 modulates various cellular behaviours in cancer, including proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle progression, migration and invasion. MiR‐381 is also involved in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, as well as in the resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. MiR‐381 itself is regulated by several factors, such as long noncoding RNAs, circular RNAs and cytokines. Aberrant expression of miR‐381 in blood samples indicates that it can be used as a diagnostic marker in cancer. Tissue miR‐381 expression may serve as a prognostic factor for the clinicopathological characteristics of cancers and survival of patients. Metformin and icaritin regulate miR‐381 expression and present anticancer properties. This review comprehensively summarizes the effect of miR‐381 on tumour biological behaviours, as well as the clinical application potential of miR‐381 for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Sha
- Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yujie Gan
- Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Renrui Zou
- Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiwei Peng
- Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiya Wu
- Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianzhong Wu
- Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jifeng Feng
- Department of Chemotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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9
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Niu L, Gao C, Li Y. Identification of potential core genes in colorectal carcinoma and key genes in colorectal cancer liver metastasis using bioinformatics analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23938. [PMID: 34907282 PMCID: PMC8671463 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03395-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors worldwide. Meanwhile, the majority of CRC related deaths results from liver metastasis. Gene expression profile of CRC patients with liver Metastasis was identified using 4 datasets. The data was analyzed using GEO2R tool. GO and KEGG pathway analysis were performed. PPI network of the DEGs between 1 and 2 gene sets was also constructed. The set 1 is named between primary CRC tissues and metastatic CRC tissues. The set 2 is named between primary CRC tissues and normal tissues. Finally, the prognostic value of hub genes was also analyzed. 35 DEGs (set 1) and 142 DEGs (set 2) were identified between CRC liver metastatic cancer patients. The PPI network was constructed using the top 10 set 1 hub genes which included AHSG, SERPINC1, FGA, F2, CP, ITIH2, APOA2, HPX, PLG, HRG and set 2 hub genes which included TIMP1, CXCL1, COL1A2, MMP1, AURKA, UBE2C, CXCL12, TOP2A, ALDH1A1 and PRKACB. Therefore, ITIH2 might represent the potential core gene for colon cancer liver metastasis. COL1A2 behaves as a key gene in colorectal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Niu
- Graduate School, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Ce Gao
- Fuyong People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518103, China
| | - Yang Li
- Shihua Residential District Community Health Service Center, 12th Xiangzhou Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201500, Shanghai, China.
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10
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Yang X, Tian M, Zhang W, Chai T, Shen Z, Kang M, Lin J. Identification of potential core genes in esophageal carcinoma using bioinformatics analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26428. [PMID: 34232175 PMCID: PMC8270608 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common human malignancy worldwide. The tumorigenesis mechanism in ESCC is unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS To explore potential therapeutic targets for ESCC, we analyzed 3 microarray datasets (GSE20347, GSE38129, and GSE67269) derived from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. Then, the GEO2R tool was used to screen out differently expressed genes (DEGs) between ESCC and normal tissue. Gene ontology function and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway enrichment analysis were performed using the database for annotation, visualization and integrated discovery to identify the pathways and functional annotation of DEGs. Protein-protein interaction of these DEGs was analyzed based on the search tool for the retrieval of interacting genes database and visualized by Cytoscape software. In addition, we used encyclopedia of RNA interactomes (ENCORI), gene expression profiling interactive analysis (GEPIA), and the human protein atlas to confirm the expression of hub genes in ESCC. Finally, GEPIA was used to evaluate the prognostic value of hub genes expression in ESCC patients and we estimated the associations between hub genes expression and immune cell populations (B Cell, CD8+ T Cell, CD4+ T Cell, Macrophage, Neutrophil, and Dendritic Cell) in esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) using tumor immune estimation resource (TIMER). RESULTS In this study, 707 DEGs (including 385 upregulated genes and 322 downregulated genes) and 6 hub genes (cyclin B1 [CCNB1], cyclin dependent kinase 1 [CDK1], aurora kinase A [AURKA], ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2C [UBE2C], cyclin A2 [CCNA2], and cell division cycle 20 [CDC20]) were identified. All of the 6 hub genes were highly expressed in ESCC tissues. Among of them, only CCNB1 and CDC20 were associated with stage of ESCC and all of them were not associated with survival time of patients. CONCLUSION DEGs and hub genes were confirmed in our study, providing a thorough, scientific and comprehensive research goals for the pathogenesis of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mengyue Tian
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | | | - Tianci Chai
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xinyi People's Hospital, Xuzhou
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11
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Wang J, Wang Y, Xu J, Song Q, Shangguan J, Xue M, Wang H, Gan J, Gao W. Global analysis of gene expression signature and diagnostic/prognostic biomarker identification of hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Prog 2021; 104:368504211029429. [PMID: 34315286 PMCID: PMC10450782 DOI: 10.1177/00368504211029429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. The landscape of HCC's molecular alteration signature has been explored over the last few decades. Even so, more comprehensive research is still needed to improve understanding of tumorigenesis and progression of HCC, as well as to identify potential biomarkers for the malignancy. In this research, a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis was conducted based on the publicly available databases from both the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) program and the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. R/Bioconductor was used to analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HCC tumor and normal control (NC) samples, and then a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was established through the STRING platform. Finally, the application of specific candidate genes as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers of HCC was explored and evaluated by ROC and survival analysis. A total of 310 DEGs were detected in the HCC tumor samples. Thirty-six hub DEGs in the PPI network and 10 candidates of the 36 genes showed significant alterations in tumor expression, including CDKN3, TOP2A, UBE2C, CDC20, PBK, ASPM, KIF20A, NCAPG, CCNB2, CYP3A4. The 10-gene signature had relatively significant effects when distinguishing tumors from normal samples (sensitivity >70%, specificity >70%, AUC >0.8, p < 0.001). Eight candidate genes were negatively correlated with the overall survival rate of the patients (p < 0.05) and were all up-regulated in HCC tumor samples. The age and gender factors had no significant impact on the overall survival rate of HCC patients (p > 0.05), and the TNM stage status factor had a significant negative prognosis correlation (p < 0.05). This research provides evidence for a better understanding of tumorigenesis and progression of HCC and helps to explore candidate targets for disease diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihan Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xi’an International University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xi’an International University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qiying Song
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xi’an International University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jingbo Shangguan
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xi’an International University, Xi’an, China
| | - Mengju Xue
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xi’an International University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hanghui Wang
- Department of Nursing, School of Medicine, Xi’an International University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jingyi Gan
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xi’an International University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wenjie Gao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Lee HY, Son SW, Moeng S, Choi SY, Park JK. The Role of Noncoding RNAs in the Regulation of Anoikis and Anchorage-Independent Growth in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020627. [PMID: 33435156 PMCID: PMC7827914 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a global health concern, and the prognosis of patients with cancer is associated with metastasis. Multistep processes are involved in cancer metastasis. Accumulating evidence has shown that cancer cells acquire the capacity of anoikis resistance and anchorage-independent cell growth, which are critical prerequisite features of metastatic cancer cells. Multiple cellular factors and events, such as apoptosis, survival factors, cell cycle, EMT, stemness, autophagy, and integrins influence the anoikis resistance and anchorage-independent cell growth in cancer. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), are dysregulated in cancer. They regulate cellular signaling pathways and events, eventually contributing to cancer aggressiveness. This review presents the role of miRNAs and lncRNAs in modulating anoikis resistance and anchorage-independent cell growth. We also discuss the feasibility of ncRNA-based therapy and the natural features of ncRNAs that need to be contemplated for more beneficial therapeutic strategies against cancer.
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13
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Zeng X, Cao Z, Luo W, Zheng L, Zhang T. MicroRNA-381-A Key Transcriptional Regulator: Its Biological Function and Clinical Application Prospects in Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:535665. [PMID: 33324542 PMCID: PMC7726430 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.535665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that function by regulating messenger RNAs. Recent studies have shown that miRNAs play important roles in multiple processes of cancer development. MiR-381 is one of the most important miRNAs in cancer progression. MiR-381 is downregulated in some cancers and upregulated in other cancers, including glioma, epithelial sarcoma, and osteosarcoma. MiR-381 regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), chemotherapeutic resistance, radioresistance, and immune responses. Thus, miR-381 participates in tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. Moreover, miR-381 functions in various oncogenic pathways, including the Wnt/β-catenin, AKT, and p53 pathways. Clinical studies have shown that miR-381 could be considered a biomarker or a novel prognostic factor. Here, we summarize the present studies on the role of miR-381 in cancer development, including its biogenesis and various affected signaling pathways, and its clinical application prospects. MiR-381 expression is associated with tumor stage and survival time, making miR-381 a novel prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhao Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lianfang Zheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Taiping Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Clinical Immunology Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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14
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Zhang X, Yang L, Chen W, Kong M. Identification of Potential Hub Genes and Therapeutic Drugs in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis. Oncol Res Treat 2020; 43:656-671. [PMID: 33032291 DOI: 10.1159/000510534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is closely linked to asbestos exposure and is an extremely aggressive tumor with poor prognosis. OBJECTIVE Our study aimed to elucidate hub genes and potential drugs in MPM by integrated bioinformatics analysis. METHODS GSE42977 was download from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database; the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with adj.p value <0.05 and |logFC| ≥2 were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed by DAVID database. The STRING database was used to construct a protein-protein interaction network, and modules analysis and hub genes acquisition were performed by Cytoscape. The Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database was used to assess the impact of hub genes on the prognosis of MPM patients. The Drug-Gene Interaction database (DGIdb) was used to select the related drugs. RESULTS A total of 169 upregulated and 70 downregulated DEGs were identified. These DEGs are enriched in the pathway of extracellular matrix-receptor interaction, focal adhesion, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and PPAR signaling pathway. Finally, 10 hub genes (CDC20, CDK1, UBE2C, TOP2A, CCNB2, NUSAP1, KIF20A, AURKA, CEP55, and ASPM) were identified, which are considered to be closely related to the poor prognosis of MPM. In addition, 119 related drugs that may have a therapeutic effect on MPM were filtered out. CONCLUSION These discovered genes and small-molecule drugs provide some new ideas for further research on MPM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Anaesthetic Operating Room, Provincial Otolaryngology Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Provincial Western Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Kong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Provincial Otolaryngology Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Provincial Western Hospital, Jinan, China,
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15
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Wu X, Yan F, Wang L, Sun G, Liu J, Qu M, Wang Y, Li T. MicroRNA: Another Pharmacological Avenue for Colorectal Cancer? Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:812. [PMID: 32984321 PMCID: PMC7493075 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miR) are single-stranded RNA of 21-23 nucleotides in length that repress mRNA translation and induces mRNA degradation. miR acts as an endogenous factor of gene expression and plays a crucial part in cancer biology such as cell development, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Numerous research has indicated that dysregulation of miR associates with colorectal carcinogenesis. In this review article, we firstly introduce the background of miR and colorectal cancer, and the mechanisms of miR in colorectal cancer, such as the proliferation, apoptosis, and progression. Then, we summarize the theranostic value of miR in colorectal cancer. Eventually, we discuss the potential directions and perspectives of miR. This article serves as a guide for further studies and implicate miR as a potent theranostic target for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Fuguo Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Xinchang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Xinchang, China
| | - Likun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Guangyuan Sun
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Jinyu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Ming Qu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Yicheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China.,School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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16
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Wang ZQ, Sun XL, Wang YL, Miao YL. Agrin promotes the proliferation, invasion and migration of rectal cancer cells via the WNT signaling pathway to contribute to rectal cancer progression. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2020; 41:363-370. [PMID: 32862766 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1811325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Rectal cancer is the most common malignant tumor in the digestive system with rapidly metastasis and highly recurrence. Agrin (AGRN) is a proteoglycan involving in a large number of human cancers. However, how AGRN regulates the progression of rectal cancer remains largely unknown. We aimed to determine the biological role of AGRN and its mechanism in rectal cancer. AGRN expression in rectal cancer tissues was detected based on TCGA. The survival curve was plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method. qRT-PCR and western blot were utilized to examine the expression level of AGRN in cells. Cell proliferation, clonogenic ability, invasion, and migration of rectal cancer cells were analyzed by CCK-8, colony formation and transwell experiments. GSEA was employed for the analysis of the potential pathways-related with AGRN in rectal cancer. The activity of WNT pathway was determined by western blot. AGRN expression was dramatically increased in rectal cancer, and its up-regulation was associated with poorer prognosis of rectal cancer patients. AGRN expression was an independent factor for the prognosis of rectal cancer. AGRN inhibition suppressed rectal cancer cell growth, invasion, and migration, whereas AGRN overexpression facilitated these behaviors of rectal cancer cells in vitro. Mechanistically, WNT signaling pathway was enriched in high AGRN-expressing patients with rectal cancer. AGRN elevated the activity of WNT pathway through increasing Cyclin D1, C-Myc, p-GSK-3β, and p-β-catenin expression. Our present study indicated that AGRN might function as an oncogenic indicator in rectal cancer via activating the WNT pathway, which would help develop optimized therapeutic therapies for rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zai-Qiu Wang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Yantaiyuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, PR China
| | - Xiao-Li Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yantaiyuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, PR China
| | - Ye-Li Wang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Yantaiyuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, PR China
| | - Ya-Li Miao
- Department of Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Jining, Jining, PR China
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17
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Song N, Pei Z, Fu G. MiR‐1224‐5p acts as a tumor suppressor via inhibiting the malignancy of rectal cancer through targeting SLC29A3. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:2204-2213. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.2352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Na‐Sha Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Luoyang Central Affiliated to Zhengzhou university Luoyang P. R. China
| | - Zhi‐Dong Pei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Luoyang Central Affiliated to Zhengzhou university Luoyang P. R. China
| | - Gui Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Luoyang Central Affiliated to Zhengzhou university Luoyang P. R. China
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18
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Imedio L, Cristóbal I, Rubio J, Santos A, Rojo F, García-Foncillas J. MicroRNAs in Rectal Cancer: Functional Significance and Promising Therapeutic Value. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2040. [PMID: 32722203 PMCID: PMC7464102 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well-known that microRNAs (miRNAs) are critical mediators of initiation and disease progression in many human cancers. Rectal cancer is a highly prevalent tumor, accounting for around one third of newly diagnosed colorectal cancers. The usefulness of miRNAs as clinical biomarkers predictive of the outcome and response to chemoradiotherapy has been well-reported for rectal cancer. However, the existing literature on their functional and therapeutic impact needs to be put in context to clarify their role in disease pathogenesis. Therfore, this review is focused on the functional relevance of miRNAs as key regulators of signaling pathways in rectal cancer and their potential therapeutic value as novel molecular targets in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Imedio
- Cancer Unit for Research on Novel Therapeutic Targets, Oncohealth Institute, IIS- Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.I.); (J.R.); (A.S.)
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS- Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ion Cristóbal
- Cancer Unit for Research on Novel Therapeutic Targets, Oncohealth Institute, IIS- Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.I.); (J.R.); (A.S.)
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS- Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Rubio
- Cancer Unit for Research on Novel Therapeutic Targets, Oncohealth Institute, IIS- Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.I.); (J.R.); (A.S.)
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital “Fundación Jiménez Díaz”, UAM, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Santos
- Cancer Unit for Research on Novel Therapeutic Targets, Oncohealth Institute, IIS- Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.I.); (J.R.); (A.S.)
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS- Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico Rojo
- Pathology Department, IIS- Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, E-28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jesús García-Foncillas
- Cancer Unit for Research on Novel Therapeutic Targets, Oncohealth Institute, IIS- Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.I.); (J.R.); (A.S.)
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, IIS- Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), E-28040 Madrid, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital “Fundación Jiménez Díaz”, UAM, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
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19
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Matsushita J, Suzuki T, Okamura K, Ichihara G, Nohara K. Identification by TCGA database search of five genes that are aberrantly expressed and involved in hepatocellular carcinoma potentially via DNA methylation changes. Environ Health Prev Med 2020; 25:31. [PMID: 32703154 PMCID: PMC7376645 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-020-00871-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are utilized in clinical practice; however, the prognosis is still poor on account of high recurrence rates. DNA methylation levels of CpG islands around promoters (promoter CpGis) inversely regulate gene expression and closely involved in carcinogenesis. As a new strategy, several chemicals globally inhibiting DNA methylation have been developed aiming at reducing DNA methylation levels and maintaining the expression of tumor suppressor genes. On the other hand, since these drugs nonspecifically modify DNA methylation, they can cause serious adverse effects. In order to ameliorate the methods by targeting specific CpGs, information of cancer-related genes that are regulated by DNA methylation is required. METHODS We searched candidate genes whose expressions were regulated by DNA methylation of promoter CpGi and which are involved in HCC cases. To do so, we first identified genes whose expression were changed in HCC by comparing gene expressions of 371 HCC tissues and 41 non-tumor tissues using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The genes were further selected for poor prognosis by log-rank test of Kaplan-Meier plot and for cancer relevance by Pubmed search. Expression profiles of upregulated genes in HCC tissues were assessed by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. Finally, using DNA methylation data of TCGA database, we selected genes whose promoter DNA methylation levels were inversely correlated with gene expression. RESULTS We found 115 genes which were significantly up- or downregulated in HCC tissues and were associated with poor prognosis and cancer relevance. The upregulated genes were significantly enriched in cell division, cell cycle, and cell proliferation. Among the upregulated genes in HCC, we identified hypomethylation of CpGis around promoters of FANCB, KIF15, KIF4A, ERCC6L, and UBE2C. In addition, TCGA data showed that the tumor suppressor gene P16 is unexpectedly overexpressed in many types of cancers. CONCLUSIONS We identified five candidate genes whose expressions were regulated by DNA methylation of promoter CpGi and associate with cancer cases and poor prognosis in HCC. Modification of site-specific DNA methylation of these genes enables a different approach for HCC treatment with higher selectivity and lower adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Matsushita
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Takehiro Suzuki
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Okamura
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Gaku Ichihara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Keiko Nohara
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan.
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20
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Ishikawa H, Rahman MM, Yamauchi M, Takashima S, Wakihara Y, Kamatari YO, Shimizu K, Okada A, Inoshima Y. mRNA Profile in Milk Extracellular Vesicles from Bovine Leukemia Virus-Infected Cattle. Viruses 2020; 12:v12060669. [PMID: 32575783 PMCID: PMC7354454 DOI: 10.3390/v12060669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk extracellular vesicles (EVs) form an excellent source of mRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), proteins, and lipids that represent the physiological and pathological status of the host. Recent studies have reported milk EVs as novel biomarkers for many infectious diseases in both humans and animals. For example, miRNAs in milk EVs from cattle were used for early detection of bacterial infection in the mammary gland. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that mRNAs in milk EVs are suitable for gaining a better understanding of the pathogenesis of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection and prognosis of the clinical stage in cattle. For that purpose, milk EVs were isolated from BLV-infected and uninfected cattle, and mRNAs were investigated using microarray analysis. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed mainly focusing on the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in milk EVs from BLV-infected cattle. GO and KEGG analyses suggested the DEGs in milk EVs from BLV-infected cattle had involved in diverse molecular functions, biological processes, and distinct disease-related pathways. The present study suggested that BLV infection causes profound effects on host cellular activity, changing the mRNA expression profile in milk EVs obtained from BLV-infected cattle. Overall, our results suggested that the mRNA profile in milk EVs to be a key factor for monitoring the clinical stage of BLV infection. This is the first report of mRNA profiling of milk EVs obtained from BLV-infected cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hinata Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Food and Environmental Hygiene, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; (H.I.); (M.M.R.); (M.Y.); (K.S.); (A.O.)
| | - Md. Matiur Rahman
- Laboratory of Food and Environmental Hygiene, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; (H.I.); (M.M.R.); (M.Y.); (K.S.); (A.O.)
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Marika Yamauchi
- Laboratory of Food and Environmental Hygiene, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; (H.I.); (M.M.R.); (M.Y.); (K.S.); (A.O.)
| | - Shigeo Takashima
- Division of Genomics Research, Life Science Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; (S.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yoshiko Wakihara
- Division of Genomics Research, Life Science Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; (S.T.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yuji O. Kamatari
- Division of Instrumental Analysis, Life Science Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan;
| | - Kaori Shimizu
- Laboratory of Food and Environmental Hygiene, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; (H.I.); (M.M.R.); (M.Y.); (K.S.); (A.O.)
| | - Ayaka Okada
- Laboratory of Food and Environmental Hygiene, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; (H.I.); (M.M.R.); (M.Y.); (K.S.); (A.O.)
- Education and Research Center for Food Animal Health, Gifu University (GeFAH), 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yasuo Inoshima
- Laboratory of Food and Environmental Hygiene, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; (H.I.); (M.M.R.); (M.Y.); (K.S.); (A.O.)
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
- Education and Research Center for Food Animal Health, Gifu University (GeFAH), 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
- Correspondence:
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21
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Zhao C, Zhou Y, Ran Q, Yao Y, Zhang H, Ju J, Yang T, Zhang W, Yu X, He S. MicroRNA-381-3p Functions as a Dual Suppressor of Apoptosis and Necroptosis and Promotes Proliferation of Renal Cancer Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:290. [PMID: 32411707 PMCID: PMC7198711 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer. It has a poor prognosis, with approximately 20-30% of patients developing recurrent and/or metastatic diseases that is relatively high resistant to conventional therapy. Resisting cell death is a hallmark of cancer cells. Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death mediated by the activation of caspases. Necroptosis is a form of regulated necrosis that relies on the activation of receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), RIPK3 and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), the substrate of RIPK3. Cancer cells often display apoptosis resistance via upregulation of anti-apoptotic genes and defective necroptosis due to the epigenetic silence of Ripk3. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding small RNAs that are involved in numerous biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation and death. In this study, we screened a set of ∼120 miRNAs for apoptosis-regulating miRNAs and identified miR-381-3p as a suppressor of TNF-induced apoptosis in various cancer cells. Ectopic expression of miR-381-3p inhibits the activation of caspase-8 and caspase-3. The expression level of miR-381-3p inversely correlates with the sensitivity of cancer cells to TNF-induced apoptosis. Moreover, we found that overexpression of miR-381-3p blocks TNF-induced necroptosis by inhibiting the activation of RIPK3 and MLKL. Of note, Kaplan-Meier Plotter analysis demonstrates that papillary RCC patients with high miR-381-3p expression have a lower overall survival than those with low expression level of miR-381-3p. Importantly, miR-381-3p overexpression promotes colony formation in human renal cancer cells. Thus, miR-381-3p acts as an oncogenic miRNA that counteracts both apoptotic and necroptotic signaling pathways. Our findings highlight miR-381-3p as a biomarker for predicting sensitivity to apoptosis and necroptosis, and as a possible therapeutic target for RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Yifei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Qiao Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Ying Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoliang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Sudan He
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
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22
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Jin Z, Zhao X, Cui L, Xu X, Zhao Y, Younai F, Messadi D, Hu S. UBE2C promotes the progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 523:389-397. [PMID: 31870550 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a complex pathological process and many cellular and molecular events may occur. The ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 (UBE2C) was found to play an oncogenic role in several human cancers. However, its functional role in HNSCC tumorigenesis remains unknown. In this study, UBE2C gene expression in HNSCC was first evaluated using the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. The connection between UBE2C gene expression and patients' survival rates of HNSCC and other human cancers was also investigated. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was used to identify differentially expressed proteins, including UBE2C, between UMSCC1 oral cancer cells and normal human oral keratinocytes (NHOKs). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to verify the differential expression of UBE2C protein between HNSCC and adjacent control tissues. Cell cycle analysis, MTT, colony formation, Transwell migration, and Matrigel invasion assays were used to study the effect of UBE2C downregulation on the malignant phenotypes of HNSCC cells. The bioinformatic analysis of the proteins interacting with UBE2C in HNSCC cells was also performed. Based on the data obtained from the cancer databases and our in vitro studies, we found that UBE2C was overexpressed in HNSCC and patients with high UBE2C expression suffered a remarkably worse overall survival rate than those with low UBE2C expression, and a similar observation was found in a number of other human cancers. UBE2C was also found to be overexpressed in HNSCC cells versus normal human oral keratinocytes and inhibition of UBE2C expression significantly suppressed the malignant phenotypes of HNSCC cells in vitro. The bioinformatic analysis indicated that UBE2C may be involved in head and neck tumorigenesis through the mediation of important pathways such as ubiquitin mediated proteolysis, proteasome, and cell cycle. In conclusion, our results suggest that UBE2C is consistently upregulated in many human solid tumors. It promotes HNSCC progression and may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker in HNSCC. Future studies are warranted to unveil the underlying molecular pathways of UBE2C in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenning Jin
- UCLA School of Dentistry and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Xinyuan Zhao
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Li Cui
- UCLA School of Dentistry and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Xiangdong Xu
- UCLA School of Dentistry and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Yutian Zhao
- UCLA School of Dentistry and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Fariba Younai
- UCLA School of Dentistry and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Diana Messadi
- UCLA School of Dentistry and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Shen Hu
- UCLA School of Dentistry and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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23
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Hu J, Wu X, Yang C, Rashid K, Ma C, Hu M, Ding Q, Jiang H. Anticancer effect of icaritin on prostate cancer via regulating miR-381-3p and its target gene UBE2C. Cancer Med 2019; 8:7833-7845. [PMID: 31646760 PMCID: PMC6912031 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common health-related issues in the male individuals of western countries. Icaritin (ICT) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that exhibits antitumor efficacy in variety of cancers including PCa. However, the precise function and detailed molecular mechanism of ICT in the regression of PCa remain unclear. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2C (UBE2C) is an anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C)-specific ubiquitin conjugating enzyme, which acts as an oncogene in PCa progression. The function of ICT in PCa was investigated in transgenic adenocarcinoma mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice using survival analysis, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, TUNEL assay, and immunohistochemistry and in human PCa cell lines using various molecular techniques and functional assays including plasmid construction and transfection. Bioinformatic analyses were performed to identify the interaction between miRNA and UBE2C via the TargetScan algorithm. We demonstrated that ICT inhibited the development and progression of PCa in TRAMP mice by improving the survival rate and tumor differentiation. Furthermore, we found that ICT could significantly inhibit cell proliferation and invasion and induce apoptosis in PCa cells. Consistently, downregulation of UBE2C suppressed the proliferation and invasion of PCa cells. Moreover, a luciferase reporter assay confirmed that UBE2C was a direct target of miR-381-3p. Meanwhile, ICT simultaneously downregulated UBE2C expression and upregulated miR-381-3p levels in human PCa cells. Altogether, our findings provide a strong rationale for the clinical application of ICT as a potential oncotherapeutic agent against PCa via a novel molecular mechanism of regulating the miR-381-3p/UBE2C pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimeng Hu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobo Wu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Khalid Rashid
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenkai Ma
- Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Mengbo Hu
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haowen Jiang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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24
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E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes in cancer: Implications for immunotherapeutic interventions. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 498:126-134. [PMID: 31445029 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite the medical advances of the 21st century, the incidence of cancer continues to increase and the search for a universal cure remains a major health challenge. Our lack of understanding the complex pathophysiology of the tumor microenvironment has hindered the development and efficiency of anti-cancer therapeutic strategies. The tumor microenvironment, composed of multiple cellular and non-cellular components, enables tumor-promoting processes such as proliferation, angiogenesis, migration and invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. The ubiquitin-mediated degradation system is involved in several physiologic processes including cell cycling, signal transduction, receptor downregulation, endocytosis and transcriptional regulation. Ubiquitination includes attachment of ubiquitin to target proteins via E1 (activating), E2 (conjugating) and E3 (ligating) enzymes. Several studies have shown that E2 enzymes are dysregulated in variety of cancers. Multiple investigations have demonstrated the involvement of E2s in various tumor-promoting processes including DNA repair, cell cycle progression, apoptosis and oncogenic signaling. E2 enzymes consist of 40 members that facilitate ubiquitin-substrate conjugation thereby modulating the stability and interaction of various proteins. As such, E2s are potential biomarkers as diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic tools. In this review, we discuss the role of E2s in modulating various types of cancer.
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25
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UBE2C functions as a potential oncogene by enhancing cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20182384. [PMID: 30914455 PMCID: PMC6470407 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20182384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Recently, ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2C (UBE2C) has been reported to be overexpressed in human cancers and act as a potential oncogene. However, little is known about the functional roles of UBE2C in HCC progression. In the present study, analysis of UBE2C mRNA expression in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset reveals that significantly higher UBE2C mRNA levels was found in HCC tissues and associated with higher HCC grade. Elevated UBE2C mRNA levels in HCC indicated worsened survival probabilities. Through performing loss-of-function assays, we demonstrated that knockdown of UBE2C expression obviously suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells in vitro Moreover, HCC cells with UBE2C knockdown showed higher sensitivity for the treatment of chemotherapeutic drug, including adriamycin (ADR) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Silencing of UBE2C also increased the sensitivity of HCC cells to sorafenib, an approved treatment for patients with advanced-stage HCC. Our findings strongly suggest that UBE2C emerges as a marker for prognosis in HCC, and blocking UBE2C may be a novel strategy for HCC therapies.
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26
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Jin D, Guo J, Wu Y, Du J, Wang X, An J, Hu B, Kong L, Di W, Wang W. UBE2C, Directly Targeted by miR-548e-5p, Increases the Cellular Growth and Invasive Abilities of Cancer Cells Interacting with the EMT Marker Protein Zinc Finger E-box Binding Homeobox 1/2 in NSCLC. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:2036-2055. [PMID: 31037155 PMCID: PMC6485292 DOI: 10.7150/thno.32738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent evidence indicates that UBE2C participates in carcinogenesis by regulating the cell cycle, apoptosis, metastasis, and transcriptional processes. Additionally, miR-548e-5p dysregulation plays a vital role in tumor progression. However, the molecular mechanism via which UBE2C is directly targeted by miR-548-5p, resulting in increase in cellular growth and invasiveness of cancer cells, and its interactions with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker protein ZEB1/2 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is not understood. Methods: Expression of UBE2C and miR-548e-5p was analyzed using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The protein level of UBE2C and ZEB1/2 was analyzed using western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Cellular proliferation was detected using the cell counting kit 8 (CCK8) and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. Cell migration, invasion, and growth were analyzed using the wound healing and transwell assay. Promoter activity and transcription was analyzed using the luciferase reporter assay. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was used to detect binding of UBE2C to 5′UTR-ZEB1/2. Results: We observed that 4,5-ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2C (UBE2C) expression was higher in NSCLC tissue than in the adjacent normal tissue and was associated with increased cell proliferation and invasion. UBE2C enhanced NSCLC progression and metastasis by affecting the cell cycle and inhibiting apoptosis. We also observed that miR-548e-5p was significantly downregulated in lung cancer tissue specimens, which decreased the expression of its direct substrate, UBE2C. Moreover, miR-548e-5p overexpression and UBE2C under-expression significantly suppressed lung cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays indicated that miR-548e-5p directly binds to the 3′-UTR of UBE2C and decreases UBE2C mRNA expression. Furthermore, UBE2C knockdown downregulated the mesenchymal marker vimentin and upregulated the epithelial marker E-cadherin. Bioinformatics assays, coupled with western blotting and luciferase assays, revealed that UBE2C directly binds to the 5′-untranslated region (UTR) of the transcript of the E-cadherin repressor ZEB1/2 and promotes EMT in lung cancer cells. Conclusion: miR-548e-5p directly binds to the 3′-UTR of UBE2C and decreases UBE2C mRNA expression. UBE2C is an oncogene that promotes EMT in lung cancer cells by directly targeting the 5′-UTR of the transcript encoding the E-cadherin repressor ZEB1/2. miR-548e-5p, UBE2C, and ZEB1/2 constitute the miR-548e-5p-UBE2C-ZEB1/2 signal axis, which enhances cancer cell invasiveness by directly interacting with e EMT marker proteins. We believe that the miR-548e-5p-UBE2C-ZEB1/2 signal axis may be a suitable diagnostic marker and a potential target for lung cancer therapy.
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27
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Mi H, Wang X, Wang F, Li L, Zhu M, Wang N, Xiong Y, Gu Y. miR-381 induces sensitivity of breast cancer cells to doxorubicin by inactivation of MAPK signaling via FYN. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 839:66-75. [PMID: 30266665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of drug resistance is still a daunting challenge for the effective therapy of cancer patients. miRNAs have been elucidated as an important regulator in chemoresistance of anti-cancer drugs. miR-381 is found to exert tumor-suppressive effect in breast cancer. However, its role in modulating the sensitivity of doxorubicin (DOX) remains unknown. In this study, we found that miR-381 expression was down-regulated in DOX-resistant breast cancer cells. miR-381 overexpression increased DOX sensitivity and enhanced DOX-induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Moreover, miR-381 could directly target FYN to suppress its expression. Additionally, FYN knockdown displayed similar effect on DOX sensitivity as miR-381 up-regulation. Furthermore, FYN overexpression partly reversed miR-381-induced sensitivity to DOX. Finally, enforced expression of miR-381 also improved DOX sensitivity of breast cancer cells in vivo. In summary, miR-381 inactivated MAPK signaling by down-regulating FYN, thereby promoting the chemosensitization of breast cancer cells to DOX. Therefore, miR-381/FYN/MAPK pathway may be applied as a novel target to overcome DOX resistance in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Mi
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071030, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Youyi Xiong
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Yuanting Gu
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
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28
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Zhang J, Liu X, Yu G, Liu L, Wang J, Chen X, Bian Y, Ji Y, Zhou X, Chen Y, Ji J, Xiang Z, Guo L, Fang J, Sun Y, Cao H, Zhu Z, Yu Y. UBE2C Is a Potential Biomarker of Intestinal-Type Gastric Cancer With Chromosomal Instability. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:847. [PMID: 30116193 PMCID: PMC6082955 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored potential biomarkers associated with Lauren classification of gastric cancer. We screened microarray datasets on gastric cancer with information of Lauren classification in gene expression omnibus (GEO) database, and compared differentially expressing genes between intestinal-type or diffuse-type gastric cancer. Four sets of microarray data (GSE2669, GSE2680, GDS3438, and GDS4007) were enrolled into analysis. By differential gene analysis, UBE2C, CDH1, CENPF, ERO1L, SCD, SOX9, CKS1B, SPP1, MMP11, and ANLN were identified as the top genes related to intestinal-type gastric cancer, and MGP, FXYD1, FAT4, SIPA1L2, MUC5AC, MMP15, RAB23, FBLN1, ANXA10, and ADH1B were genes related to diffuse-type gastric cancer. We comprehensively validated the biological functions of the intestinal-type gastric cancer related gene UBE2C and evaluated its clinical significance on 1,868 cases of gastric cancer tissues from multiple medical centers of Shanghai, China. The gain of copy number on 20q was found in 4 out of 5 intestinal-type cancer cell lines, and no similar copy number variation (CNV) was found in any diffuse-type cancer cell line. Interfering UBE2C expression inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, and tumorigenesis in vivo. Knockdown of UBE2C resulted in G2/M blockage in intestinal-type gastric cancer cells. Overexpression of UBE2C activated ERK signal pathway and promoted cancer cell proliferation. U0126, an inhibitor of ERK signaling pathway reversed the oncogenic phenotypes caused by UBE2C. Moreover, overexpression of UBE2C was identified in human intestinal-type gastric cancer. Overexpression of UBE2C protein predicted poor clinical outcome. Taken together, we characterized a group of Lauren classification-associated biomarkers, and clarified biological functions of UBE2C, an intestinal-type gastric cancer associated gene. Overexpression of UBE2C resulted in chromosomal instability that disturbed cell cycle and led to poor prognosis of intestinal-type gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanzhen Yu
- Changzheng Hospital, Affiliated to Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiejun Wang
- Changzheng Hospital, Affiliated to Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Renji Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhai Bian
- Renji Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Ji
- Zhongshan Hospital, Affiliated to Fudan University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- Cancer Hospital, Affiliated to Fudan University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinan Chen
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Ji
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Xiang
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyuan Fang
- Renji Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihong Sun
- Zhongshan Hospital, Affiliated to Fudan University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Renji Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenggang Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingyan Yu
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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