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Wang J, Ye X, Wang Y. Anshen Shumai Decoction inhibits post-infarction inflammation and myocardial remodeling through suppression of the p38 MAPK/c-FOS/EGR1 pathway. J Mol Histol 2024:10.1007/s10735-024-10214-4. [PMID: 38874870 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-024-10214-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Anshen Shumai Decoction (ASSMD) is traditionally employed to manage coronary artery disease arrhythmias. Its protective efficacy against myocardial infarction remains to be elucidated. This investigation employed a rat model of myocardial infarction, achieved through the ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery, followed by a 28-day administration of ASSMD. The study observed the decoction's mitigative impact on myocardial injury, with gene regulation effects discerned through transcriptomic analysis. Furthermore, ASSMD's influence on cardiomyocyte apoptosis and fibrotic protein secretion was assessed using an embryonic rat cardiomyocyte cell line (H9c2) under hypoxic conditions and rat cardiac fibroblasts subjected to normoxic culture conditions with TGF-β. A functional rescue assay involving overexpression of FOS and Early Growth Response Factor 1 (EGR1), combined with inhibition of the p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway, was conducted. Results indicated that ASSMD significantly curtailed cardiomyocyte apoptosis and myocardial fibrosis in infarcted rats, primarily by downregulating FOS and EGR1 gene expression and inhibiting the upstream p38 MAPK pathway. These actions of ASSMD culminated in reduced expression of pro-apoptotic, collagen, and fibrosis-associated proteins, conferring myocardial protection and anti-fibrotic effects on cardiac fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Chun'an County Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, No. 1 Xin'an West Road, Qiandaohu Town, Chun'an County, Hangzhou, 311700, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolei Ye
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Yanqin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Chun'an County Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, No. 1 Xin'an West Road, Qiandaohu Town, Chun'an County, Hangzhou, 311700, P. R. China.
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Zhang Z, Zhang X, Gao X, Fang B, Tian S, Kang P, Zhao Y. MiR-150-5p Alleviates Renal Tubule Epithelial Cell Fibrosis via the Inhibition of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Targeting ZEB1. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38763133 DOI: 10.1159/000538670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although microRNA (miR)-150-5p participates in the progression of renal fibrosis, its mechanism of action remains elusive. METHODS A mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction was used. The in vitro renal fibrosis model was established by stimulating human kidney 2 (HK-2) cells with transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). The expression profiles of miR-150-5p, zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1), and other fibrosis- and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-linked proteins were determined using Western blot and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The relationship between miR-150-5p and ZEB1 in HK-2 cells was confirmed by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS Both in vivo and in vitro renal fibrosis models revealed reduced miR-150-5p expression and elevated ZEB1 level. A significant decrease in E-cadherin levels, as well as increases in alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen type I (Col-I) levels, was seen in TGF-β1-treated HK-2 cells. The overexpression of miR-150-5p ameliorated TGF-β1-mediated fibrosis and EMT. Notably, miR-150-5p acts by directly targeting ZEB1. A significant reversal of the inhibitory impact of miR-150-5p on TGF-β1-mediated fibrosis and EMT in HK-2 cells was observed upon ZEB1 overexpression. CONCLUSION MiR-150-5p suppresses TGF-β1-induced fibrosis and EMT by targeting ZEB1 in HK-2 cells, providing helpful insights into the therapeutic intervention of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhong Zhang
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Yinchuan Guolong Hospital, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiangming Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Bing Fang
- Department of General Medicine, Yinchuan Meinian Health Hospital, Yinchuan, China
| | - Shuyu Tian
- Internal Medicine, Yinchuan Guolong Hospital, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ping Kang
- Department of Surgery, Yinchuan Guolong Hospital, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
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Song Z, Wang J, Zhang L. Ferroptosis: A New Mechanism in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Int J Med Sci 2024; 21:612-622. [PMID: 38464828 PMCID: PMC10920843 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.88476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC) is a pathophysiologic condition caused by diabetes mellitus (DM) in the absence of coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and hypertension that can lead to heart failure (HF), manifesting itself in the early stages with left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction, with marked HF and decreased systolic function in the later stages. There is still a lack of direct evidence to prove the exact existence of DC. Ferroptosis is a novel form of cell death characterized by reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Several cell and animal studies have shown that ferroptosis is closely related to DC progression. This review systematically summarizes the related pathogenic mechanisms of ferroptosis in DC, including the reduction of cardiac RDH10 induced ferroptosis in DC cardiomyocytes which mediated by retinol metabolism disorders; CD36 overexpression caused lipid deposition and decreased GPX4 expression in DC cardiomyocytes, leading to the development of ferroptosis; Nrf2 mediated iron overload and lipid peroxidation in DC cardiomyocytes and promoted ferroptosis; lncRNA-ZFAS1 as a ceRNA, combined with miR-150-5p to inhibit CCND2 expression in DC cardiomyocytes, thereby triggering ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichong Song
- Department of Geriatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
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Ning M, Hua S, Ma Y, Liu Y, Wang D, Xu K, Yu H. Microvesicles facilitate the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into pancreatic beta-like cells via miR-181a-5p/150-5p. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127719. [PMID: 37918601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Transplantation of pancreatic islet cells is a promising strategy for the long-term treatment of type 1 diabetes (T1D). The stem cell-derived beta cells showed great potential as substitute sources of transplanted pancreatic islet cells. However, the current efficiency of stem cell differentiation still cannot match the requirements for clinical transplantation. Here, we report that microvesicles (MVs) from insulin-producing INS-1 cells could induce mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation into pancreatic beta-like cells. The combination of MVs with small molecules, nicotinamide and insulin-transferrin-selenium (ITS), dramatically improved the efficiency of MSC differentiation. Notably, the function of MVs in MSC differentiation requires their entry into MSCs through giant pinocytosis. The MVs-treated or MVs combined with small molecules-treated MSCs show pancreatic beta-like cell morphology and response to glucose stimulation in insulin secretion. Using high throughput small RNA-sequencing, we found that MVs induced MSC differentiation into the beta-like cells through miR-181a-5p/150-5p. Together, our findings reveal the role of MVs or the MV-enriched miR-181a-5p/150-5p as a class of biocompatible reagents to differentiate MSCs into functional beta-like cells and demonstrate that the combined usage of MVs or miR-181a-5p/150-5p with small molecules can potentially be used in making pancreatic islet cells for future clinical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Ning
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shanshan Hua
- Department of Spine Surgery, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dianliang Wang
- Stem cell and tissue engineering research laboratory, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing 100088, China.
| | - Kai Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Haijia Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Khachigian LM. The MEK-ERK-Egr-1 axis and its regulation in cardiovascular disease. Vascul Pharmacol 2023; 153:107232. [PMID: 37734428 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2023.107232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in the Western world. Multiple molecular and cellular processes underpinning the pathogenesis of CVD are regulated by the zinc finger transcription factor and product of an immediate-early gene, early growth response-1 (Egr-1). Egr-1 regulates multiple pro-inflammatory processes that underpin the manifestation of CVD. The activity of Egr-1 itself is influenced by a range of post-translational modifications including sumoylation, ubiquitination and acetylation. Egr-1 also undergoes phosphorylation by protein kinases, such as extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK) which is itself phosphorylated by MEK. This article reviews recent progress on the MEK-ERK-Egr-1 cascade, notably regulation in conjunction with factors and agents such as TET2, TRIB2, MIAT, SphK1, cAMP, teneligliptin, cholinergic drugs, red wine and flavonoids, wogonin, febuxostat, docosahexaenoic acid and AT1R blockade. Such insights should provide new opportunity for therapeutic intervention in CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levon M Khachigian
- Vascular Biology and Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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Wang C, Zhang X, Chen R, Zhu X, Lian N. EGR1 mediates METTL3/m 6A/CHI3L1 to promote osteoclastogenesis in osteoporosis. Genomics 2023; 115:110696. [PMID: 37558013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate EGR1-mediated METTL3/m6A/CHI3L1 axis in osteoporosis. METHODS Ovariectomy (OVX) was performed on mice to induce osteoporosis, followed by μ-CT scanning of femurs, histological staining, immunohistochemistry analysis of MMP9 and NFATc1, and ELISA of serum BGP, ALP, Ca, and CTXI. The isolated mouse bone marrow mononuclear macrophages (BMMs) were differentiated into osteoclasts under cytokine stimulation. TRAP staining was performed to quantify osteoclasts. The levels of Nfatc1, c-Fos, Acp5, and Ctsk in osteoclasts, m6A level, and the relationships among EGR1, METTL3, and CHI3L1 were analyzed. RESULTS The EGR1/METTL3/CHI3L1 levels and m6A level were upregulated in osteoporotic mice and the derived BMMs. EGR1 was a transcription factor of METTL3. METTL3 promoted the post-transcriptional regulation of CHI3L1 by increasing m6A methylation. EGR1 downregulation reduced BMMs-differentiated osteoclasts and alleviated OVX-induced osteoporosis by regulating the METTL3/m6A/CHI3L1 axis. CONCLUSION EGR1 promotes METTL3 transcription and increases m6A-modified CHI3L1 level, thereby stimulating osteoclast differentiation and osteoporosis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsheng Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, PR China.
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, PR China
| | - Rongsheng Chen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, PR China
| | - Xitian Zhu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, PR China
| | - Nancheng Lian
- Department of Spinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, PR China
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7
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Shen L, Yin H, Sun L, Zhang Z, Jin Y, Cao S, Fu Q, Fan C, Bao C, Lu L, Zhan Y, Xu X, Chen X, Yan Q. Iguratimod attenuated fibrosis in systemic sclerosis via targeting early growth response 1 expression. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:151. [PMID: 37596660 PMCID: PMC10439582 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03135-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The early growth response 1 (EGR1) is a central transcription factor involved in systemic sclerosis (SSc) pathogenesis. Iguratimod is a synthesized anti-rheumatic disease-modifying drug, which shows drastic inhibition to EGR1 expression in B cells. This study is aiming to investigate the anti-fibrotic effect of iguratimod in SSc. METHODS EGR1 was detected by immunofluorescence staining real-time PCR or western blot. Iguratimod was applied in EGR1 overexpressed or knockdown human dermal fibroblast, bleomycin pre-treated mice, tight skin 1 mice, and SSc skin xenografts. RNA sequencing was performed in cultured fibroblast and xenografts to identify the iguratimod regulated genes. RESULTS EGR1 overexpressed predominantly in non-immune cells of SSc patients. Iguratimod reduced EGR1 expression in fibroblasts and neutralized changes of EGR1 response genes regulated by TGFβ. The extracellular matrix (ECM) production and activation of fibroblasts were attenuated by iguratimod while EGR1 overexpression reversed this effect of iguratimod. Iguratimod ameliorated the skin fibrosis induced by bleomycin and hypodermal fibrosis in TSK-1 mice. Decreasing in the collagen content as well as the density of EGR1 or TGFβ positive fibroblasts of skin xenografts from naïve SSc patients was observed after local treatment of iguratimod. CONCLUSION Targeting EGR1 expression is a probable underlying mechanism for the anti-fibrotic effect of iguratimod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichong Shen
- Department of Rheumatology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Hanlin Yin
- Department of Rheumatology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Zhiliang Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Yuyang Jin
- Department of Rheumatology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Shan Cao
- Department of Rheumatology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Qiong Fu
- Department of Rheumatology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Chaofan Fan
- Department of Rheumatology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Chunde Bao
- Department of Rheumatology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Liangjing Lu
- Department of Rheumatology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Yifan Zhan
- Department of Drug Discovery, Shanghai Huaota Biopharm, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiaojiang Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| | - Xiaoxiang Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China.
- Department of Rheumatology, Nantong First People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong Universuty, Nantong Hospital of Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong Universuty School of Medicine, Nantong, 226006, China.
| | - Qingran Yan
- Department of Rheumatology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China.
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Rose EM, Haakenson CM, Patel A, Gaind S, Shank BD, Ball GF. Song system neuroanatomy, and immediate early gene expression in a finch species with extensive male and female song. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2023:10.1007/s00359-023-01651-9. [PMID: 37436439 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-023-01651-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Birdsong is a relatively well-studied behavior, both due to its importance as a model for vocal production learning and as an intriguing complex social behavior. Until the last few decades, work on birdsong focused almost exclusively on males. However, it is now widely accepted that female song not only exists, but is fairly common throughout the oscine passerines. Despite this, and the large number of researchers who have begun exploring female song in the field, researchers in the lab have been slow to adopt model species with female song. Studying female song in the lab is critical for our understanding of sex-specific factors in the physiology controlling this fascinating behavior. Additionally, as a model for vocal production learning in humans, understanding the mechanistic and neuroendocrine control of female song is clearly important. In this study, we examined the red-cheeked cordon bleu (RCCB), an Estrildid finch species with extensive female song. Specifically, we found that there were no significant sex differences in circulating levels of testosterone and progesterone, nor in song production rate. There were no significant differences in cell densities in the three nuclei of the song control system we examined. Additionally, the volume of the robust nucleus of the arcopallium was not significantly different and we report the smallest sex difference in HVC yet published in a songbird. Finally, we demonstrated similar levels of motor driven immediate early gene expression in both males and females after song production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangeline M Rose
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
- Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
| | - Chelsea M Haakenson
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
- Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Aliyah Patel
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Shivika Gaind
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | | | - Gregory F Ball
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
- Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
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Reinal I, Ontoria-Oviedo I, Selva M, Casini M, Peiró-Molina E, Fambuena-Santos C, Climent AM, Balaguer J, Cañete A, Mora J, Raya Á, Sepúlveda P. Modeling Cardiotoxicity in Pediatric Oncology Patients Using Patient-Specific iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes Reveals Downregulation of Cardioprotective microRNAs. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1378. [PMID: 37507917 PMCID: PMC10376252 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthracyclines are widely used in the treatment of many solid cancers, but their efficacy is limited by cardiotoxicity. As the number of pediatric cancer survivors continues to rise, there has been a concomitant increase in people living with anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. Accordingly, there is an ongoing need for new models to better understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of anthracycline-induced cardiac damage. Here we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from two pediatric oncology patients with acute cardiotoxicity induced by anthracyclines and differentiated them to ventricular cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). Comparative analysis of these cells (CTX hiPSC-CMs) and control hiPSC-CMs revealed that the former were significantly more sensitive to cell injury and death from the anthracycline doxorubicin (DOX), as measured by viability analysis, cleaved caspase 3 expression, oxidative stress, genomic and mitochondrial damage and sarcomeric disorganization. The expression of several mRNAs involved in structural integrity and inflammatory response were also differentially affected by DOX. Functionally, optical mapping analysis revealed higher arrythmia complexity after DOX treatment in CTX iPSC-CMs. Finally, using a panel of previously identified microRNAs associated with cardioprotection, we identified lower levels of miR-22-3p, miR-30b-5p, miR-90b-3p and miR-4732-3p in CTX iPSC-CMs under basal conditions. Our study provides valuable phenotype information for cellular models of cardiotoxicity and highlights the significance of using patient-derived cardiomyocytes for studying the associated pathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Reinal
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital la Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Imelda Ontoria-Oviedo
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital la Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Selva
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital la Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marilù Casini
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital la Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Esteban Peiró-Molina
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital la Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Andreu M Climent
- ITACA Institute, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Julia Balaguer
- Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Transtational Research in Cancer Unit-Pediatric Oncology, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Adela Cañete
- Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Transtational Research in Cancer Unit-Pediatric Oncology, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jaume Mora
- Oncology Service, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Ángel Raya
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Program for Clinical Translation of Regenerative Medicine in Catalonia-P-[CMRC], L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Sepúlveda
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital la Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pathology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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Wang Y, Qin WY, Wang Q, Liu XN, Li XH, Ye XQ, Bai Y, Zhang Y, Liu P, Wang XL, Zhou YH, Shao ZB, Yuan HP. Young Sca-1 + bone marrow stem cell-derived exosomes preserve visual function via the miR-150-5p/MEKK3/JNK/c-Jun pathway to reduce M1 microglial polarization. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:194. [PMID: 37322478 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01944-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polarization of microglia, the resident retinal immune cells, plays important roles in mediating both injury and repair responses post-retinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, which is one of the main pathological mechanisms behind ganglion cell apoptosis. Aging could perturb microglial balances, resulting in lowered post-I/R retinal repair. Young bone marrow (BM) stem cell antigen 1-positive (Sca-1+) cells have been demonstrated to have higher reparative capabilities post-I/R retinal injury when transplanted into old mice, where they were able to home and differentiate into retinal microglia. METHODS Exosomes were enriched from young Sca-1+ or Sca-1- cells, and injected into the vitreous humor of old mice post-retinal I/R. Bioinformatics analyses, including miRNA sequencing, was used to analyze exosome contents, which was confirmed by RT-qPCR. Western blot was then performed to examine expression levels of inflammatory factors and underlying signaling pathway proteins, while immunofluorescence staining was used to examine the extent of pro-inflammatory M1 microglial polarization. Fluoro-Gold labelling was then utilized to identify viable ganglion cells, while H&E staining was used to examine retinal morphology post-I/R and exosome treatment. RESULTS Sca-1+ exosome-injected mice yielded better visual functional preservation and lowered inflammatory factors, compared to Sca-1-, at days 1, 3, and 7 days post-I/R. miRNA sequencing found that Sca-1+ exosomes had higher miR-150-5p levels, compared to Sca-1- exosomes, which was confirmed by RT-qPCR. Mechanistic analysis found that miR-150-5p from Sca-1+ exosomes repressed the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3 (MEKK3)/JNK/c-Jun axis, leading to IL-6 and TNF-α downregulation, and subsequently reduced microglial polarization, all of which contributes to reduced ganglion cell apoptosis and preservation of proper retinal morphology. CONCLUSION This study elucidates a potential new therapeutic approach for neuroprotection against I/R injury, via delivering miR-150-5p-enriched Sca-1+ exosomes, which targets the miR-150-5p/MEKK3/JNK/c-Jun axis, thereby serving as a cell-free remedy for treating retinal I/R injury and preserving visual functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wan-Yun Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry Education, Harbin, China
| | - Xin-Na Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry Education, Harbin, China
| | - Xiang-Hui Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin-Qi Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Bai
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Pan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin-Lin Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu-Hang Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zheng-Bo Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
- Future Medical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Hui-Ping Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Wu L, Fan Z, Gu L, Liu J, Cui Z, Yu B, Kou J, Li F. QiShenYiQi dripping pill alleviates myocardial ischemia-induced ferroptosis via improving mitochondrial dynamical homeostasis and biogenesis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 308:116282. [PMID: 36806343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE QiShenYiQi is a Chinese herbal formula composed of Astragalus membranaceus Fisch. ex Bunge, root; Slauia miltiorrhiza Bunge, root and rhizome; Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F.H.Chen, root; and Dalbergia odorifera T.C.Chen, heartwood of trunk and root with a proportion of 10:5:1:0.067. Its dripping pills were approved by the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) in 2003 and could be used in the clinical treatment of ischemic heart diseases. Ferroptosis is an important pathological mechanism in the process of myocardial ischemia (MI). Whether QSYQ can improve ferroptosis induced by myocardial ischemia is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, the potential mechanisms of QSYQ against ferroptosis in MI-induced injury were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The main components of QSYQ were analyzed by HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. MI model was established by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery and then treated with QSYQ dropping pills for 14 days. The cardiac function of mice was evaluated by echocardiography. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and Masson's trichrome staining were used to detect the pathological changes in heart tissue. Serum biochemical indexes were analyzed by biochemical kit. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to observe the mitochondria ultrastructure and mitochondrial ROS was detected by immunofluorescence. Then, photoacoustic imaging was used to observe the redox status of the mice' hearts. Finally, the mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis related proteins and the proteins of ferroptosis were analyzed by western blotting. RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression changes of ferroptosis. RESULTS A total of 20 principal components of QSYQ were characterized by HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. QSYQ significantly improved cardiac function and myocardial injury in MI mice. Furthermore, the lipid peroxidation change levels (MDA, 4-HNE, and GSH) in serum were attenuated and myocardial iron content was reduced after QSYQ treatment. On this basis, QSYQ also improved the expression changes of ferroptosis related mRNA and proteins. In addition, QSYQ promoted mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1α, Nrf1, and TFAM) and mitochondrial fusion (MFN-2 and OPA1) and inhibited mitochondrial excessive fission (Phosphorylation of Drp1 at ser616) in vitro and in vivo, indicating that the cardioprotection of QSYQ might be related to promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamic homeostasis. CONCLUSION In summary, QSYQ could alleviate MI-induced ferroptosis by improving mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
| | - Zhaoyang Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
| | - Lifei Gu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jincheng Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
| | - Zekun Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
| | - Boyang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
| | - Junping Kou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
| | - Fang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, China.
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Soares MF, Costa SF, de Freitas JH, Rebech GT, Dos Santos MO, de Lima VMF. MiR-150 regulates the Leishmania infantum parasitic load and granzyme B levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of dogs with canine visceral leishmaniosis. Vet Parasitol 2023; 320:109958. [PMID: 37269731 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2023.109958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Leishmania infantum causes visceral leishmaniosis, a neglected tropical disease that can modulate the host immune response by altering the expression of small non-coding RNAs called microRNAs (miRNAs). Some miRNAs are differentially expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of dogs with canine visceral leishmaniosis (CanL), like the down-regulated miR-150. Even though miR-150 is negatively correlated with L. infantum parasitic load, it is unclear if miR-150 directly affects L. infantum parasitic load and (if so) how this miRNA would contribute to infection. Here, we isolated PBMCs from 14 naturally infected dogs (CanL group) and six healthy dogs (Control group) and treated them in vitro with miR-150 mimic or inhibitor. We measured L. infantum parasitic load using qPCR and compared treatments. We also measured miR-150 in silico predicted target protein levels (STAT1, TNF-α, HDAC8, and GZMB) using flow cytometry or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Increasing miR-150 activity diminished L. infantum parasitic load in CanL PBMCs. We also found that inhibition of miR-150 reduced GZMB (granzyme B) levels. These findings demonstrate that miR-150 plays an important role in L. infantum infection in canine PBMCs, and they merit further studies aiming at drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Fujimura Soares
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine, 793 Clóvis Pestana St., Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Sidnei Ferro Costa
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine, 793 Clóvis Pestana St., Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Henrique de Freitas
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine, 793 Clóvis Pestana St., Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Torres Rebech
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine, 793 Clóvis Pestana St., Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Marilene Oliveira Dos Santos
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine, 793 Clóvis Pestana St., Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Valéria Marçal Felix de Lima
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine, 793 Clóvis Pestana St., Araçatuba, São Paulo, 16050-680, Brazil.
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13
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Billah M, Naz A, Noor R, Bhindi R, Khachigian LM. Early Growth Response-1: Friend or Foe in the Heart? Heart Lung Circ 2023; 32:e23-e35. [PMID: 37024319 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Early growth response-1 (Egr-1) plays a critical regulatory role in a range of experimental models of cardiovascular diseases. Egr-1 is an immediate-early gene and is upregulated by various stimuli including shear stress, oxygen deprivation, oxidative stress and nutrient deprivation. However, recent research suggests a new, underexplored cardioprotective side of Egr-1. The main purpose of this review is to explore and summarise the dual nature of Egr-1 in cardiovascular pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muntasir Billah
- Department of Cardiology, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School Northern, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Adiba Naz
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rashed Noor
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Independent University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ravinay Bhindi
- Department of Cardiology, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School Northern, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Levon M Khachigian
- Vascular Biology and Translational Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Rayford KJ, Cooley A, Strode AW, Osi I, Arun A, Lima MF, Misra S, Pratap S, Nde PN. Trypanosoma cruzi dysregulates expression profile of piRNAs in primary human cardiac fibroblasts during early infection phase. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1083379. [PMID: 36936778 PMCID: PMC10017870 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1083379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas Disease, causes severe morbidity, mortality, and economic burden worldwide. Though originally endemic to Central and South America, globalization has led to increased parasite presence in most industrialized countries. About 40% of infected individuals will develop cardiovascular, neurological, and/or gastrointestinal pathologies. Accumulating evidence suggests that the parasite induces alterations in host gene expression profiles in order to facilitate infection and pathogenesis. The role of regulatory gene expression machinery during T. cruzi infection, particularly small noncoding RNAs, has yet to be elucidated. In this study, we aim to evaluate dysregulation of a class of sncRNAs called piRNAs during early phase of T. cruzi infection in primary human cardiac fibroblasts by RNA-Seq. We subsequently performed in silico analysis to predict piRNA-mRNA interactions. We validated the expression of these selected piRNAs and their targets during early parasite infection phase by stem loop qPCR and qPCR, respectively. We found about 26,496,863 clean reads (92.72%) which mapped to the human reference genome. During parasite challenge, 441 unique piRNAs were differentially expressed. Of these differentially expressed piRNAs, 29 were known and 412 were novel. In silico analysis showed several of these piRNAs were computationally predicted to target and potentially regulate expression of genes including SMAD2, EGR1, ICAM1, CX3CL1, and CXCR2, which have been implicated in parasite infection, pathogenesis, and various cardiomyopathies. Further evaluation of the function of these individual piRNAs in gene regulation and expression will enhance our understanding of early molecular mechanisms contributing to infection and pathogenesis. Our findings here suggest that piRNAs play important roles in infectious disease pathogenesis and can serve as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla J. Rayford
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Ayorinde Cooley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Anthony W. Strode
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Inmar Osi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Ashutosh Arun
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Maria F. Lima
- Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, City College of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Smita Misra
- School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Siddharth Pratap
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States
- Bioinformatics Core, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Pius N. Nde
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States
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Yu YD, Xue YT, Li Y. Identification and verification of feature biomarkers associated in heart failure by bioinformatics analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3488. [PMID: 36859608 PMCID: PMC9977868 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30666-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is the final destination of most cardiovascular diseases, and its complex molecular mechanisms remain largely uncertain. This study aimed to systematically investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms and diagnostic and therapeutic targets of heart failure using bioinformatics. We obtained 8 healthy samples and 8 heart failure samples from GSE8331 and GSE76701. After removing the batch effect, we performed a differential analysis on it and obtained 185 differentially expressed ID. The results of enrichment analysis showed that the molecular mechanisms of heart failure were mostly related to immune, inflammation, and metabolism-related pathways. Immune cell infiltration analysis showed that the degree of infiltration of Tgd cells and Neurons was significantly enriched in heart failure samples, whereas pDCs and NKTs were in healthy tissue samples. We obtained Hub genes including EGR1, EGR2, FOS and FOSB by PPI network analysis. We established a 4-gene diagnostic model with Hub gene, and validated it in GSE21610 and GSE57338, and evaluated the discriminative ability of Hub gene by ROC curve. The 4-gene diagnostic model has an AUC value of 0.775 in GSE21610 and 0.877 in GSE57338. In conclusion, we explored the underlying molecular mechanisms of heart failure and the immune cell infiltration environment of failing myocardium by performing bioinformatic analysis of the GEO dataset. In addition, we identified EGR1, EGR2, FOS and FOSB as potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for heart failure. More importantly, a diagnostic model of heart failure based on these 4 genes was developed, which leads to a new understanding of the pathogenesis of heart failure and may be an interesting target for future in-depth research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-ding Yu
- grid.464402.00000 0000 9459 9325Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014 China
| | - Yi-tao Xue
- grid.479672.9Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014 China
| | - Yan Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, China.
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Chen ML, Fan L, Huang GR, Sun ZF. Knockdown of miR-150-5p reduces hypoxia-induced autophagy and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of endometriotic cells via regulating the PDCD4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Cytokine 2023; 162:156086. [PMID: 36427469 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.156086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia is an important microenvironmental factor that induces Endometriosis (EMs), but its mechanism remains unclear. Our study aims to investigate the mechanisms of miR-150-5p on hypoxia-induced EMs. METHODS Ovarian endometriosis cyst wall stromal cell lines CRL-7566 cells were treated with hypoxia. Cell migration ability was measured by Transwell assay. qRT-PCR was performed to detect miR-150-5p and PDCD4 expression. The autophagy-related proteins (LC3-I, LC3-II, Beclin-1, and p62), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related proteins (E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Vimentin) and NF-κB signaling pathway related proteins p65 expression were measured by western blot. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay verified the binding relationship between miR-150-5p and PDCD4. RESULTS After hypoxia treatment, the miR-150-5p expression was up-regulated in CRL-7566 cells, while the expression of PDCD4 was down-regulated. In CRL-7566 cells, autophagy, migration and EMT were increased after hypoxia treatment. The autophagy inhibitor 3-MA inhibited hypoxia-induced the autophagy, migration and EMT of CRL-7566 cells. Hypoxia-induced autophagy and EMT of CRL-7566 cells were inhibited after knocking down miR-150-5p. Then miR-150-5p negatively regulated PDCD4 expression. PDCD4 knockdown reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-150-5p silencing on hypoxia-induced autophagy and EMT of CRL-7566 cells. Inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway weakened the effect of PDCD4 knockdown on hypoxia-induced autophagy and EMT of CRL-7566 cells. CONCLUSION MiR-150-5p silencing inhibited hypoxia-induced autophagy and EMT of endometriotic cells by regulating the PDCD4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ling Chen
- Biomedical Engineering College, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, PR China; Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, PR China; Gynecology Department, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Li Fan
- Gynecology Department, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Guang-Rong Huang
- Gynecology Department, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Zhi-Feng Sun
- Biomedical Engineering College, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, PR China; Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, PR China; Hubei Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Medicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, PR China.
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17
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Qin H, Zhang L, Li M, Liu Y, Sun S, Nie W, Bai B, Li G, Zhang G. EGR1/NOX4 pathway regulates oxidative stress and further facilitates fibrosis progression in keloids responses to TGF-β1. J Dermatol Sci 2022; 108:138-145. [PMID: 36608994 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2022.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As classic benign fibroproliferative tumors, keloids remain a major therapeutic challenge due to their complex pathological mechanisms. OBJECTIVE To determine the functional role of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)/early growth response factor-1 (EGR1)/NADPH oxidases 4 (NOX4) axis in the pathogenesis of keloid fibrosis. METHODS Differentially expressed genes in keloid tissues and normal skins were analyzed by RNA sequencing. Then, the human skin fibroblast cell line was treated with TGF-β1 at a dose of 10 ng/mL in order to stimulate the TGF-β1/SMAD pathway and the pathway was blocked using the SB431542. Furthermore, EGR1/NOX4 was over-expressed and inhibited by transfecting overexpression plasmids and small interfering RNAs, respectively. The levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species were measured using the DCFH-DA assay, and the expression levels of fibrosis-related genes were assessed by Western blot analysis. Alternately, dual-luciferase reporter analysis verified the targeting relationship between EGR1 and NOX4. RESULTS The TGF-β1/SMAD signaling pathway was significantly activated in keloid tissues to promote dermal fibrosis. The level of ROS was increased in keloid fibroblasts. Moreover, TGF-β1 could facilitate the expression of EGR1 through regulating the SMAD pathway in keloids and promoting the fibrotic phenotype of keloid fibroblasts. EGR1 could regulate the production of ROS by targeting NOX4. Furthermore, NOX4-derived ROS could promote fibrotic-like phenotype of keloid fibroblasts and play an important role in keloid fibrosis. CONCLUSION Our findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of the TGF-β1/EGR1/NOX4 pathway in keloid fibrosis, and the TGF-β1/EGR1/NOX4 axis may serve as a potential therapeutic target for keloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Qin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lianbo Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingxi Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shilong Sun
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenting Nie
- Department of Plastic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bing Bai
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Gaokai Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guang Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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18
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MicroRNA-150 (miR-150) and Diabetic Retinopathy: Is miR-150 Only a Biomarker or Does It Contribute to Disease Progression? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012099. [PMID: 36292956 PMCID: PMC9603433 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a chronic disease associated with diabetes mellitus and is a leading cause of visual impairment among the working population in the US. Clinically, DR has been diagnosed and treated as a vascular complication, but it adversely impacts both neural retina and retinal vasculature. Degeneration of retinal neurons and microvasculature manifests in the diabetic retina and early stages of DR. Retinal photoreceptors undergo apoptosis shortly after the onset of diabetes, which contributes to the retinal dysfunction and microvascular complications leading to vision impairment. Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of diabetes and a contributor to cell apoptosis, and retinal photoreceptors are a major source of intraocular inflammation that contributes to vascular abnormalities in diabetes. As the levels of microRNAs (miRs) are changed in the plasma and vitreous of diabetic patients, miRs have been suggested as biomarkers to determine the progression of diabetic ocular diseases, including DR. However, few miRs have been thoroughly investigated as contributors to the pathogenesis of DR. Among these miRs, miR-150 is downregulated in diabetic patients and is an endogenous suppressor of inflammation, apoptosis, and pathological angiogenesis. In this review, how miR-150 and its downstream targets contribute to diabetes-associated retinal degeneration and pathological angiogenesis in DR are discussed. Currently, there is no effective treatment to stop or reverse diabetes-caused neural and vascular degeneration in the retina. Understanding the molecular mechanism of the pathogenesis of DR may shed light for the future development of more effective treatments for DR and other diabetes-associated ocular diseases.
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Novel Therapies for the Treatment of Cardiac Fibrosis Following Myocardial Infarction. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092178. [PMID: 36140279 PMCID: PMC9496565 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a common pathological consequence of most myocardial diseases. It is associated with the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins as well as fibroblast differentiation into myofibroblasts in the cardiac interstitium. This structural remodeling often results in myocardial dysfunctions such as arrhythmias and impaired systolic function in patients with heart conditions, ultimately leading to heart failure and death. An understanding of the precise mechanisms of cardiac fibrosis is still limited due to the numerous signaling pathways, cells, and mediators involved in the process. This review article will focus on the pathophysiological processes associated with the development of cardiac fibrosis. In addition, it will summarize the novel strategies for anti-fibrotic therapies such as epigenetic modifications, miRNAs, and CRISPR technologies as well as various medications in cellular and animal models.
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20
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Li Q, Zhang Z, Yin M, Cui C, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Liu F. What do we actually know about exosomal microRNAs in kidney diseases? Front Physiol 2022; 13:941143. [PMID: 36105281 PMCID: PMC9464820 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.941143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There are several types of kidney diseases with complex causes. If left untreated, these diseases irreversibly progress to end-stage renal disease. Thus, their early diagnosis and targeted treatment are important. Exosomes—extracellular vesicles released by a variety of cells—are ideal carriers for DNA, RNA, proteins, and other metabolites owing to their bilayer membranes. Studies have shown that almost all renal cells can secrete exosomes. While research on exosomal microRNAs in the context of renal diseases begun only recently, rapid progress has been achieved. This review summarizes the changes in exosomal microRNA expression in different kidney diseases. Thus, it highlights the diagnostic and prognostic value of these exosomal microRNAs. Further, this review analyzes their roles in the development of different kidney diseases, guiding research on molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Li
- Department of Nephrology, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Min Yin
- Department of Nephrology, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Cancan Cui
- Clinical Laboratory, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yucheng Zhang
- Scientific Research Center, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Liu, ; Yali Wang,
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Nephrology, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Liu, ; Yali Wang,
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Fan J, Ren M, He Y. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Properties of Exosomes in Cardiac Fibrosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:931082. [PMID: 35859903 PMCID: PMC9289295 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.931082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis results from both the differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts and excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM), leading to myocardial stiffness and reduced compliance of the ventricular wall. The conversion of cardiac fibroblasts to myofibroblasts is the most important initiating step in the process of this pathological cardiac remodeling. It occurs during the progression of many cardiovascular diseases, adversely influencing both the clinical course and outcome of the disease. The pathogenesis is complex and there is no effective treatment. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that mediate intercellular communication through delivering specific cargoes of functional nucleic acids and proteins derived from particular cell types. Recent studies have found that exosomes play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac fibrosis, and is a potential biotherapeutics and drug delivery vectors for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis. The present review aimed to summarize the current knowledge of exosome-related mechanisms underlying cardiac fibrosis and to suggest potential therapy that could be used to treat the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwen Fan
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Meng Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jilin Provincial Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Yuquan He
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Yuquan He,
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22
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Ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD)-mediated miR-150-5p attenuates oxygen and glucose deprivation-induced cardiomyocyte injury by inhibiting TTC5 expression. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6041-6052. [PMID: 35357625 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07392-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiomyocyte injury is a typical feature in cardiovascular diseases. Changes in cardiomyocytes strongly affect the progression of cardiovascular diseases. This work aimed to investigate the biological function and potential mechanism of action of miR-150-5p in cardiomyocytes. METHODS AND RESULTS A myocardial ischemia (MI) injury rat model was constructed to detect miR-150-5p and tetratricopeptide repeat domain 5 (TTC5) expression during heart ischemia injury. Primary cardiomyocytes were isolated for in vitro study. CCK-8 assays were used to detect cardiomyocyte viability. Western blots were used to detect TTC5 and P53 expression. qPCR was utilized to measure RNA expression of miR-150-5p and TTC5. The TUNEL assay was used to determine cell apoptosis. ELISA was used to determine cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8) levels in heart tissues and cell culture supernatants. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was carried out to verify the binding ability between miR-150-5p and TTC5. Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) treatment significantly inhibited cell viability. Ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD)-mediated uptake of miR-150-5p inverted these results. Additionally, UTMD-mediated uptake of miR-150-5p retarded the effects of OGD treatment on cell apoptosis. Besides, UTMD-mediated uptake of miR-150-5p counteracted the effects of OGD treatment on the inflammatory response by regulating cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8) levels. For the mechanism of the protective effect on the heart, we predicted and confirmed that miR-150-5p bound to TTC5 and inhibited TTC5 expression. CONCLUSIONS UTMD-mediated uptake of miR-150-5p attenuated OGD-induced primary cardiomyocyte injury by inhibiting TTC5 expression. This discovery contributes toward further understanding the progression of primary cardiomyocyte injury.
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23
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Shah V, Shah J. Restoring Ravaged Heart: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Application of miRNA in Heart Regeneration. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:835138. [PMID: 35224063 PMCID: PMC8866653 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.835138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Human heart development is a complex and tightly regulated process, conserving proliferation, and multipotency of embryonic cardiovascular progenitors. At terminal stage, progenitor cell type gets suppressed for terminal differentiation and maturation. In the human heart, most cardiomyocytes are terminally differentiated and so have limited proliferation capacity. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding single-stranded RNA that regulate gene expression and mRNA silencing at the post-transcriptional level. These miRNAs play a crucial role in numerous biological events, including cardiac development, and cardiomyocyte proliferation. Several cardiac cells specific miRNAs have been discovered. Inhibition or overexpression of these miRNAs could induce cardiac regeneration, cardiac stem cell proliferation and cardiomyocyte proliferation. Clinical application of miRNAs extends to heart failure, wherein the cell cycle arrest of terminally differentiated cardiac cells inhibits the heart regeneration. The regenerative capacity of the myocardium can be enhanced by cardiomyocyte specific miRNAs controlling the cell cycle. In this review, we focus on cardiac-specific miRNAs involved in cardiac regeneration and cardiomyocyte proliferation, and their potential as a new clinical therapy for heart regeneration.
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24
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Identification of IL-6 as a potential mediator of the myocardial fibrosis that occurs in response to surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass in children with Tetralogy of Fallot. Cardiol Young 2022; 32:223-229. [PMID: 34134814 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951121001803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tetralogy of Fallot is a common CHD. Studies have shown a close link between heart failure and myocardial fibrosis. Interleukin-6 has been suggested to be a post-independent factor of heart failure. This study aimed to explore the relationship between IL-6 and myocardial fibrosis during cardiopulmonary bypass. MATERIAL AND METHODS We downloaded the expression profile dataset GSE132176 from Gene Expression Omnibus. After normalising the raw data, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and differential gene expression analysis were performed using R. Further, a weighted gene correlation network analysis and a protein-protein interaction network analysis were used to identify HUB genes. Finally, we downloaded single-cell expression data for HUB genes using PanglaoDB. RESULTS There were 119 differentially expressed genes in right atrium tissues comparing the post-CPB group with the pre-CPB group. IL-6 was found to be significantly up-regulated in the post-CPB group. Six genes (JUN, FOS, ATF3, EGR1, IL-6, and PTGS2) were identified as HUB genes by a weighted gene correlation network analysis and a protein-protein interaction network analysis. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis showed that IL-6 affects the myocardium during CPB mainly through the JAK/STAT signalling pathway. Finally, we used PanglaoDB data to analyse the single-cell expression of the HUB genes. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that high expression of IL-6 and the activation of the JAK/STAT signalling pathway during CPB maybe the potential mechanism of myocardial fibrosis. We speculate that the high expression of IL-6 might be an important factor leading to heart failure after ToF surgery. We expect that these findings will provide a basis for the development of targeted drugs.
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25
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Ren Y, Yang X, Luo Z, Wu J, Lin H. HIF-1α aggravates pathologic myopia through the miR-150-5p/LAMA4/p38 MAPK signaling axis. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:1065-1074. [PMID: 35034256 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04305-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α) action has emerged as a potential approach for managing several diseases, including myopia. Herein, we analyzed the role of HIF-1α in the progression of pathologic myopia by regulating the miR-150-5p/LAMA4/p38 MAPK axis. Microarray-based gene expression profiling of pathologic myopia was employed to identify differentially expressed genes. Human scleral fibroblasts (HSFs) were cultured under the hypoxic conditions. Interaction among HIF-1α, miR-150-5p, and LAMA4 was identified. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments were performed in hypoxia-exposed HSFs to evaluate the effect of the HIF-1α/miR-150-5p/LAMA4/p38 MAPK axis on the extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation of HSFs and the subsequent pathologic myopia progression. Increased LAMA4 but decreased miR-150-5p was found in serum sample of pathologic myopia patients. HIF-1α and LAMA4 were abundantly expressed, and p38 MAPK was activated while miR-150-5p was weakly expressed in hypoxia-exposed HSFs. HIF-1α was enriched in the promoter region of miR-150-5p and downregulated its expression, thus repressing the ECM degradation of HSFs as shown by increased COL1A1 and TIMP-2 and reduced MMP2. In addition, LAMA4 was a downstream target of miR-150-5p and under the negative regulation by miR-150-5p. Overexpression of miR-150-5p promoted the ECM degradation of HSFs by inhibiting LAMA4 expression and p38 MAPK signaling pathway. However, upregulation of LAMA4 reversed the promoting effect of miR-150-5p on ECM degradation of HSFs. Overall, our findings suggest that HIF-1α can decline miR-150-5p expression and facilitate LAMA4-mediated p38 MAPK signaling pathway activation, thus arresting ECM degradation of HSFs and eventually inducing pathologic myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Ren
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, No. 1, Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518053, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, No. 1, Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518053, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, No. 1, Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518053, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, No. 1, Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518053, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, No. 1, Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518053, People's Republic of China
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26
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Bian Y, Cai W, Lu H, Tang S, Yang K, Tan Y. miR-150-5p affects AS plaque with ASMC proliferation and migration by STAT1. Open Med (Wars) 2021; 16:1642-1652. [PMID: 34761115 PMCID: PMC8569285 DOI: 10.1515/med-2021-0357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We explore miR-150-5p in atherosclerosis (AS). The AS model was constructed using Apo E-/- mice with an injection of the miR-150-5p mimic or an inhibitor. Pathological characteristics were assessed using Oil red O staining and Masson staining. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were used to analyze the expressions of microRNA-150-5p (miR-150-5p), STAT1, α-SMA (α-smooth muscle actin) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Targetscan and dual-luciferase reporter assay were used to analyze the interaction between miR-150-5p and STAT1. The viability, migration, cell cycle and α-SMA and PCNA expressions in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-stimulated primary human aortic smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) were assessed using molecular experiments. miR-150-5p was reduced in both AS mice and ox-LDL-stimulated human aortic smooth muscle cells but STAT1 had the opposite effect. The miR-150-5p inhibitor alleviated the increase of lipid plaque and reduced collagen accumulation in the aortas during AS. Upregulation of α-SMA and PCNA was reversed by miR-150-5p upregulation. STAT1 was targeted by miR-150-5p, and overexpressed miR-150-5p weakened the ox-LDL-induced increase of viability and migration abilities and blocked cell cycle in ASMCs, but overexpressed STAT1 blocked the effect of the miR-150-5p mimic. This paper demonstrates that miR-150-5p has potential as a therapeutic target in AS, with plaque stabilization by regulating ASMC proliferation and migration via STAT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Bian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guigang City People's Hospital, Guigang, 537100, China
| | - Wenqiang Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guigang City People's Hospital, Guigang, 537100, China
| | - Hongying Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guigang City People's Hospital, Guigang, 537100, China
| | - Shuhong Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guigang City People's Hospital, Guigang, 537100, China
| | - Keqin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guigang City People's Hospital, Guigang, 537100, China
| | - Yan Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guigang City People's Hospital, No. 1, Zhongshan Middle Road, Guigang, 537100, China
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Ni T, Huang X, Pan S, Lu Z. Inhibition of the long non-coding RNA ZFAS1 attenuates ferroptosis by sponging miR-150-5p and activates CCND2 against diabetic cardiomyopathy. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:9995-10007. [PMID: 34609043 PMCID: PMC8572773 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DbCM) is responsible for increased morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes and heart failure. However, the pathogenesis of DbCM has not yet been identified. Here, we investigated the important role of lncRNA-ZFAS1 in the pathological process of DbCM, which is associated with ferroptosis. Microarray data analysis of DbCM in patients or mouse models from GEO revealed the significance of ZFAS1 and the significant downregulation of miR-150-5p and CCND2. Briefly, DbCM was established in high glucose (HG)-treated cardiomyocytes and db/db mice to form in vitro and in vivo models. Ad-ZFAS1, Ad-sh-ZFAS1, mimic miR-150-5p, Ad-CCND2 and Ad-sh-CCND2 were intracoronarily administered to the mouse model or transfected into HG-treated cardiomyocytes to determine whether ZFAS1 regulates miR-150-5p and CCND2 in ferroptosis. The effect of ZFAS1 on the left ventricular myocardial tissues of db/db mice and HG-treated cardiomyocytes, ferroptosis and apoptosis was determined by Masson staining, immunohistochemical staining, Western blotting, monobromobimane staining, immunofluorescence staining and JC-1 staining. The relationships among ZFAS1, miR-150-5p and CCND2 were evaluated using dual-luciferase reporter assays and RNA pull-down assays. Inhibition of ZFAS1 led to reduced collagen deposition, decreased cardiomyocyte apoptosis and ferroptosis, and attenuated DbCM progression. ZFAS1 sponges miR-150-5p to downregulate CCND2 expression. Ad-sh-ZFAS1, miR-150-5p mimic, and Ad-CCND2 transfection attenuated ferroptosis and DbCM development both in vitro and in vivo. However, transfection with Ad-ZFAS1 could reverse the positive effects of miR-150-5p mimic and Ad-CCND2 in vitro and in vivo. lncRNA-ZFAS1 acted as a ceRNA to sponge miR-150-5p and downregulate CCND2 to promote cardiomyocyte ferroptosis and DbCM development. Thus, ZFAS1 inhibition could be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment and prevention of DbCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingjuan Ni
- Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unitthe First Affiliated HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Xingxiao Huang
- Department of CardiologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Sunlei Pan
- Department of Coronary Care Unitthe First Affiliated HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Zhongqiu Lu
- Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unitthe First Affiliated HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
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28
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Jin ZQ. MicroRNA targets and biomarker validation for diabetes-associated cardiac fibrosis. Pharmacol Res 2021; 174:105941. [PMID: 34656765 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is one of the main characteristics of diabetic cardiomyopathy and manifests excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins in the heart. Several signaling pathways have been proposed for pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis in the diabetic heart. TGF-β/Smad2/3-dependent or independent pathway is the major signaling molecule core in the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miR) are ~22-nuceotide regulatory RNAs that are involved in gene silencing through the degradation of post-transcriptional mRNA or suppression of the expressed proteins. Hyperglycemia in the diabetic heart regulates expression of some miRNAs. Target molecules of miRNAs can be identified through biocomputational database initial screening and dual luciferase assay validation. miR-21, miR-150-5p, miR-155, miR-216a-3p, miR-221-3p, miR-223, and miR-451 were up-regulated in the diabetic heart and promoted cardiac fibrosis through targeting signaling pathways in cardiac fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and cardiac myocytes. miR-15a/-15b, miR-18a-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-26b-5p, miR-29, miR-133a, miR-141, miR-146, miR-200b, miR-203, miR-222, and miR-551b-5p were down-regulated in the diabetic heart and exhibited anti-fibrosis when they were overexpressed. miRNAs are stable molecules and may reflect the pathological changes of organs. Some miRNAs have been detected in the plasma or serum in patients with diabetes mellitus or heart failure. Exploration of targets and biomarkers of miRNA may provide additional information on pathogenesis and diagnosis of cardiac fibrosis and novel targets to tackle diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-Qiu Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, 9700 West Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA.
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29
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Pohl J, Golovko O, Carlsson G, Örn S, Schmitz M, Ahi EP. Gene co-expression network analysis reveals mechanisms underlying ozone-induced carbamazepine toxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 276:130282. [PMID: 34088109 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sewage effluent ozonation can reduce concentrations of chemical pollutants including pharmaceutical residues. However, the formation of potentially toxic ozonation byproducts (OBPs) is a matter of concern. This study sought to elucidate toxicity mechanisms of ozonated carbamazepine (CBZ), an anti-epileptic drug frequently detected in sewage effluents and surface water, in zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio). Embryos were exposed to ozonated and non-ozonated CBZ from 3 h post-fertilization (hpf) until 144 hpf. Embryotoxicity endpoints (proportion of dead and malformed embryos) were assessed at 24, 48, and 144 hpf. Heart rate was recorded at 48 hpf. Exposure to ozonated CBZ gave rise to cardiovascular-related malformations and reduced heart rate. Moreover, embryo-larvae exposed to ozonated CBZ displayed a lack of swim bladder inflation. Hence, the expression patterns of CBZ target genes involved in cardiovascular and embryonal development were investigated through a stepwise gene co-expression analysis approach. Two co-expression networks and their upstream transcription regulators were identified, offering mechanistic explanations for the observed toxicity phenotypes. The study presents a novel application of gene co-expression analysis elucidating potential toxicity mechanisms of an ozonated pharmaceutical with environmental relevance. The resulting data was used to establish a putative adverse outcome pathway (AOP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Pohl
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7028, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Oksana Golovko
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7050, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Carlsson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7028, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stefan Örn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7028, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Monika Schmitz
- Department of Organismal Biology, Comparative Physiology Section, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18A, 75236, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ehsan Pashay Ahi
- Department of Organismal Biology, Comparative Physiology Section, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18A, 75236, Uppsala, Sweden; Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 9, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
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30
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Zhao Y, Li Y, Fan D, Hou J, Bai Y, Dai C, Cao X, Qi H, Liu B. Potential role of circular RNA in cyclosporin A-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 42:216-229. [PMID: 34036610 PMCID: PMC9292504 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cyclosporin A (CsA) is a well-known and effective drug that is commonly used in autoimmune diseases and allotransplantation. However, kidney toxicity and cardiotoxicity limit its use. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a crucial role in disease, especially cardiovascular disease. We aimed to explore the circRNA expression profiles and potential mechanisms during CsA-induced cardiotoxicity. Sixty male adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups. The CsA group was injected with CsA (15 mg/kg/day body weight) intraperitoneally (ip) for 2 weeks, whereas the control group was injected ip with the same volume of olive oil. We assessed CsA-induced cardiotoxicity by light microscopy, transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining, and electron microscopy. Microarray analysis was used to detect the expression profiles of circRNAs deregulated in the heart during CsA-induced cardiotoxicity. We confirmed the changes in circRNAs by quantitative PCR. Moreover, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses of the microarray data were performed. A conventional dose of CsA induced cardiotoxicity in rats. We identified 67 upregulated and 37 downregulated circRNAs compared with those in the control group. Six of 12 circRNAs were successfully verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). GO analyses of the differentially expressed circRNAs indicated that these molecules might play important roles in CsA-induced cardiotoxicity. KEGG pathway analyses showed that the differentially expressed circRNAs in CsA-induced cardiotoxicity may be related to autophagy or the Hippo signaling pathway. We identified differential circRNA expression patterns and provided more insight into the mechanism of CsA-induced cardiotoxicity. CircRNAs may serve as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets of CsA-mediated cardiotoxicity in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanru Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dachuan Fan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jinxiao Hou
- Department of Hematology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yunpeng Bai
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chenguang Dai
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xue Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hai Qi
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bingchen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Fu J, Lin F, Pan Z, Wu C. Correlations of circulating miR-26b level with left ventricular hypertrophy and cardiac function in elderly patients with hypertension. Pak J Med Sci 2021; 37:966-971. [PMID: 34290767 PMCID: PMC8281164 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.37.4.4048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To study the correlations of circulating miR-26b level with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and cardiac function in elderly patients with hypertension. Methods: A total of 132 eligible patients were divided into low and high miR-26b level groups. Their baseline clinical data and biochemical indices were compared. The correlations between miR-26b level and echocardiographic parameters were studied by Pearson’s analysis. Factors affecting LVH were explored by multivariate logistic regression analysis. The role of miR-26b in diagnosing LVH was predicted by receiver operating characteristic curve. Results: The relative expression level of miR-26b was 4.56-16.93, with a median of 7.62. The two groups had similar baseline clinical data and biochemical indices (P>0.05). Compared with high miR-26b level group, interventricular septal thickness (IVST), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and number of LVH cases in low miR-26b level group significantly increased (P<0.05), and mitral ratio of peak early to late diastolic filling velocity (E/A) decreased (P<0.05). Circulating miR-26b level was negatively correlated with IVST, LVPWT and LVMI (P<0.0001), and positively correlated with E/A (P<0.0001). The proportion of cardiac hypofunction cases in low miR-26b level group significantly exceeded that of high miR-26b level group (P<0.05). Age and increased IVST, LVPWT and LVMI were independent risk factors for LVH (P<0.05), and elevated miR-26b level was a protective factor (P<0.05). AUC was 0.836, and the optimal cutoff value was 8.83, with high sensitivity and specificity. Conclusions: MiR-26b level is negatively correlated with LVH and positively correlated with left ventricular diastolic function in elderly hypertensive patients. It is a protective factor for LVH complicated with diastolic dysfunction and a potential biomarker for diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Fu
- Jian Fu, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Children's Developmental Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Fang Lin
- Fang Lin, The Second Affiliated Hospital of The Army Medical University, No. 136, Zhongshan Second Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Zhengxia Pan
- Zhengxia Pan, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Children's Developmental Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Chun Wu
- Chun Wu, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Children's Developmental Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
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32
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Wu Z, Cheng S, Wang S, Li W, Liu J. RETRACTED:BMSCs-derived exosomal microRNA-150-5p attenuates myocardial infarction in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 93:107389. [PMID: 33582480 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. Concern was raised about the reliability of the Western blot results in Figs. 2B and 7B, which appear to have the same eyebrow shaped phenotype as many other publications tabulated here (https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/149EjFXVxpwkBXYJOnOHb6RhAqT4a2llhj9LM60MBffM/edit#gid=0 [docs.google.com]). Concerns were also raised over the provenance of the flow cytometry plots in Fig. 1F. The journal requested the corresponding author comment on these concerns and provide the raw data. However, the authors were not responsive to the request for comment. Since original data could not be provided, the overall validity of the results could not be confirmed. Therefore, the Editor-in-Chief decided to retract the article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wu
- Department of 28 Division of Cardiovascular, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shujuan Cheng
- Department of 28 Division of Cardiovascular, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shaoping Wang
- Department of 28 Division of Cardiovascular, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wenzheng Li
- Department of 28 Division of Cardiovascular, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jinghua Liu
- Department of 28 Division of Cardiovascular, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China.
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Li X, Yang Y, Chen S, Zhou J, Li J, Cheng Y. Epigenetics-based therapeutics for myocardial fibrosis. Life Sci 2021; 271:119186. [PMID: 33577852 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis (MF) is a reactive remodeling process in response to myocardial injury. It is mainly manifested by the proliferation of cardiac muscle fibroblasts and secreting extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins to replace damaged tissue. However, the excessive production and deposition of extracellular matrix, and the rising proportion of type I and type III collagen lead to pathological fibrotic remodeling, thereby facilitating the development of cardiac dysfunction and eventually causing heart failure with heightened mortality. Currently, the molecular mechanisms of MF are still not fully understood. With the development of epigenetics, it is found that epigenetics controls the transcription of pro-fibrotic genes in MF by DNA methylation, histone modification and noncoding RNAs. In this review, we summarize and discuss the research progress of the mechanisms underlying MF from the perspective of epigenetics, including the newest m6A modification and crosstalk between different epigenetics in MF. We also offer a succinct overview of promising molecules targeting epigenetic regulators, which may provide novel therapeutic strategies against MF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuping Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Sixuan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jiuyao Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jingyan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
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Zhang L, Ding H, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhu W, Li P. Circulating MicroRNAs: Biogenesis and Clinical Significance in Acute Myocardial Infarction. Front Physiol 2020; 11:1088. [PMID: 33013463 PMCID: PMC7494963 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.01088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) causes many deaths around the world. Early diagnosis can prevent the development of AMI and provide theoretical support for the subsequent treatment. miRNAs participate in the AMI pathological processes. We aim to determine the early diagnostic and the prognostic roles of circulating miRNAs in AMI in the existing studies and summarize all the data to provide a greater understanding of their utility for clinical application. We reviewed current knowledge focused on the AMI development and circulating miRNA formation. Meanwhile, we collected and analyzed the potential roles of circulating miRNAs in AMI diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic strategies. Additionally, we elaborated on the challenges and clinical perspectives of the application of circulating miRNAs in AMI diagnosis. Circulating miRNAs are stable in the circulation and have earlier increases of circulating levels than diagnostic golden criteria. In addition, they are tissue and disease-specific. All these characteristics indicate that circulating miRNAs are promising biomarkers for the early diagnosis of AMI. Although there are several limitations to be resolved before clinical use, the application of circulating miRNAs shows great potential in the early diagnosis and the prognosis of AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Han Ding
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenjie Zhu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Peifeng Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Guan H, Peng R, Mao L, Fang F, Xu B, Chen M. Injured tubular epithelial cells activate fibroblasts to promote kidney fibrosis through miR-150-containing exosomes. Exp Cell Res 2020; 392:112007. [PMID: 32315664 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The kidney injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion (IR) usually comes with irreversible renal fibrosis, a process that develops into chronic kidney disease (CKD), but the underlying cellular mechanism has yet to be determined. To test our hypothesis that exosomes are tightly connected with kidney fibrosis following AKI, we studied the role of exosomes and the transfer of specific miRNA among other genetic components in injured tubular epithelial cells (TECs). We utilized an experimental IR mice model to simulate the fibrotic environment in injured tissue and detect the production of exosomes, and found that exosome deficiency could significantly alleviate the degree of kidney fibrosis following IR administration. MiRNA profiling of exosomes extracted from renal tissue samples with or without ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) revealed that miR-150 was markedly increased as a compelling profibrotic molecule, as evidenced by the fact that overexpression of miR-150 facilitated renal fibrosis. Exosomes isolated from hypoxia TECs also induced the increased production of miR-150. In cocultured fibroblasts with TECs-derived exosomes, we confirmed a direct uptake of exosomal miR-150 by fibroblasts. Finally, we verified that in vivo ischemia mice pretreated with exosomes enriched in miR-150 developed more profibrotic manifestations. Thus, our current study indicated that TECs have the ability to employ exosomes to initiate the activation and proliferation of fibroblasts via direct shuttling of miR-150-containing exosomes during reparative responses, and that exosome/miR-150 provides the groundwork for research to develop more personalized therapeutic approaches for controlling tissue fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Guan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College. Bengbu, China
| | - Rui Peng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College. Bengbu, China
| | - Likai Mao
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Urology, Affliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Urology, Affliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Havis E, Duprez D. EGR1 Transcription Factor is a Multifaceted Regulator of Matrix Production in Tendons and Other Connective Tissues. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051664. [PMID: 32121305 PMCID: PMC7084410 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the transcription factor EGR1 is known as NGF1-A, TIS8, Krox24, zif/268, and ZENK, it still has many fewer names than biological functions. A broad range of signals induce Egr1 gene expression via numerous regulatory elements identified in the Egr1 promoter. EGR1 is also the target of multiple post-translational modifications, which modulate EGR1 transcriptional activity. Despite the myriad regulators of Egr1 transcription and translation, and the numerous biological functions identified for EGR1, the literature reveals a recurring theme of EGR1 transcriptional activity in connective tissues, regulating genes related to the extracellular matrix. Egr1 is expressed in different connective tissues, such as tendon (a dense connective tissue), cartilage and bone (supportive connective tissues), and adipose tissue (a loose connective tissue). Egr1 is involved in the development, homeostasis, and healing processes of these tissues, mainly via the regulation of extracellular matrix. In addition, Egr1 is often involved in the abnormal production of extracellular matrix in fibrotic conditions, and Egr1 deletion is seen as a target for therapeutic strategies to fight fibrotic conditions. This generic EGR1 function in matrix regulation has little-explored implications but is potentially important for tendon repair.
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Cell-Based Mechanosensation, Epigenetics, and Non-Coding RNAs in Progression of Cardiac Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010028. [PMID: 31861579 PMCID: PMC6982012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The heart is par excellence the 'in-motion' organ in the human body. Compelling evidence shows that, besides generating forces to ensure continuous blood supply (e.g., myocardial contractility) or withstanding passive forces generated by flow (e.g., shear stress on endocardium, myocardial wall strain, and compression strain at the level of cardiac valves), cells resident in the heart respond to mechanical cues with the activation of mechanically dependent molecular pathways. Cardiac stromal cells, most commonly named cardiac fibroblasts, are central in the pathologic evolution of the cardiovascular system. In their normal function, these cells translate mechanical cues into signals that are necessary to renew the tissues, e.g., by continuously rebuilding the extracellular matrix being subjected to mechanical stress. In the presence of tissue insults (e.g., ischemia), inflammatory cues, or modifiable/unmodifiable risk conditions, these mechanical signals may be 'misinterpreted' by cardiac fibroblasts, giving rise to pathology programming. In fact, these cells are subject to changing their phenotype from that of matrix renewing to that of matrix scarring cells-the so-called myo-fibroblasts-involved in cardiac fibrosis. The links between alterations in the abilities of cardiac fibroblasts to 'sense' mechanical cues and molecular pathology programming are still under investigation. On the other hand, various evidence suggests that cell mechanics may control stromal cells phenotype by modifying the epigenetic landscape, and this involves specific non-coding RNAs. In the present contribution, we will provide examples in support of this more integrated vision of cardiac fibrotic progression based on the decryption of mechanical cues in the context of epigenetic and non-coding RNA biology.
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Transcription factor early growth response-1 plays an oncogenic role in salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma. Biotechnol Lett 2019; 42:197-207. [PMID: 31786685 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-019-02776-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although abnormal expression of early growth response-1 (Egr1) has been revealed in various human solid tumors, the functions and potential mechanisms of Egr1 in the progression of salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma (SGPA) are not entirely understood. RESULTS An elevated expression of Egr1 was observed both in the human salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma tissues and tumor-initiating cell (TIC) cells, when compared with control group. By loss-of-function assay, the proliferation and invasion capacities of TICs were inhibited, while the cell apoptosis was promoted, which were further evidenced by the protein expression analysis of several key apoptosis-related regulators. Furthermore, TICs with Mithramycin A (an Egr1 inhibitor) treatment achieved the same effects of endogenous Egr1 knockdown. CONCLUSIONS All these data collectively suggest that Egr1 act as an oncogenic factor in salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma, which may be a potential target for the treatment of SGPA.
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