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Yang H, Gu W, Ni J, Ma Y, Li S, Neumann D, Ding X, Zhu L. Carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1A is potentially involved in bovine herpesvirus 1 productive infection. Vet Microbiol 2024; 288:109932. [PMID: 38043447 PMCID: PMC10919102 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Bovine herpesvirus 1(BoHV-1) is an important bovine pathogen that causes great economic loss to cattle farms worldwide. The virus-productive infection in bovine kidney (MDBK) cells results in ATP depletion. The mechanisms are not well understood. Mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) is an important energy source in many tissues with high energy demand. Since carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1 A (CPT1A) is the rate-limiting enzyme of FAO, we investigated the interactions between virus-productive infection and CPT1A signaling. Here, we found that virus-productive infection at the later stage significantly decreased CPT1A protein levels in all the detected cells, including MDBK, A549, and Neuro-2A cells, differentially altered the accumulation of CPT1A proteins in the nucleus and cytosol, and re-localized the protein in the nucleus. Etomoxir (ETO), an irreversible inhibitor of CPT1A, inhibited viral replication and partially interfered with the ability of BoHV-1 to alter CPT1A accumulation in the nucleus but not in the cytosol. Furthermore, ETO consistently reduced RNA levels of two viral regulatory proteins (bICP0 and bICP22) and protein expression of virion-associated proteins during productive infection, further supporting the important roles of CPT1A signaling in BoHV-1 productive infection. These data, for the first time, suggest that CPT1A is potentially involved in BoHV-1 productive infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Wenyuan Gu
- Center for Animal Diseases Control and Prevention of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Junqing Ni
- Hebei Province Animal Husbandry and Improved Breeds Work Station, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
| | - Yabin Ma
- Hebei Province Animal Husbandry and Improved Breeds Work Station, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
| | - Shitao Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Donna Neumann
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 537006, USA
| | - Xiuyan Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Liqian Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
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2
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Ghahari N, Telittchenko R, Loucif H, Isnard S, Routy JP, Olagnier D, van Grevenynghe J. Harnessing Autophagy to Overcome Antigen-Specific T-Cell Dysfunction: Implication for People Living with HIV-1. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11018. [PMID: 37446195 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Like other chronic viral infections, HIV-1 persistence inhibits the development of antigen-specific memory T-cells, resulting in the exhaustion of the immune response and chronic inflammation. Autophagy is a major lysosome-dependent mechanism of intracellular large-target degradation such as lipid and protein aggregates, damaged organelles, and intracellular pathogens. Although it is known that autophagy may target HIV-1 for elimination, knowledge of its function as a metabolic contributor in such viral infection is only in its infancy. Recent data show that elite controllers (EC), who are HIV-1-infected subjects with natural and long-term antigen (Ag)-specific T-cell protection against the virus, are characterized by distinct metabolic autophagy-dependent features in their T-cells compared to other people living with HIV-1 (PLWH). Despite durable viral control with antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-1-specific immune dysfunction does not normalize in non-controller PLWH. Therefore, the hypothesis of inducing autophagy to strengthen their Ag-specific T-cell immunity against HIV-1 starts to be an enticing concept. The aim of this review is to critically analyze promises and potential limitations of pharmacological and dietary interventions to activate autophagy in an attempt to rescue Ag-specific T-cell protection among PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Ghahari
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1M7, Canada
| | - Roman Telittchenko
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1M7, Canada
| | - Hamza Loucif
- EVAH Corp., 500 Boulevard Cartier Ouest, Laval, QC H7V 5B7, Canada
| | - Stephane Isnard
- Chronic Viral Illness Service and Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Centre, Glen Site, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Chronic Viral Illness Service and Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Centre, Glen Site, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - David Olagnier
- Department of Biomedicine, Research Center for Innate Immunology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Julien van Grevenynghe
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1M7, Canada
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3
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Routy JP, Isnard S. An army marches on its stomach: immunometabolic dysregulation in persons with HIV. AIDS 2023; 37:1171-1173. [PMID: 37139654 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Routy
- McGill University Health Centre - Research Institute
- Chronic Viral Illness Service
- Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stephane Isnard
- McGill University Health Centre - Research Institute
- Chronic Viral Illness Service
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4
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Svensson Akusjärvi S, Krishnan S, Ambikan AT, Mikaeloff F, Munusamy Ponnan S, Vesterbacka J, Lourda M, Nowak P, Sönnerborg A, Neogi U. Role of myeloid cells in system-level immunometabolic dysregulation during prolonged successful HIV-1 treatment. AIDS 2023; 37:1023-1033. [PMID: 36779490 PMCID: PMC10155691 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Why people with HIV-1 on ART (PWH ART ) display convoluted metabolism and immune cell functions during prolonged suppressive therapy is not well evaluated. In this study, we aimed to address this question using multiomics methodologies to investigate immunological and metabolic differences between PWH ART and HIV-1 negative individuals (HC). DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Untargeted and targeted metabolomics was performed using gas and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, and targeted proteomics using Olink inflammation panel on plasma samples. The cellular metabolic state was further investigated using flow cytometry and intracellular metabolic measurement in single-cell populations isolated by EasySep cell isolation. Finally, flow cytometry was performed for deep-immunophenotyping of mononuclear phagocytes. RESULTS We detected increased levels of glutamate, lactate, and pyruvate by plasma metabolomics and increased inflammatory markers (e.g. CCL20 and CCL7) in PWH ART compared to HC. The metabolite transporter detection by flow cytometry in T cells and monocytes indicated an increased expression of glucose transporter 1 (Glut1) and monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT-1) in PWH ART . Single cell-type metabolite measurement identified decreased glucose, glutamate, and lactate in monocytic cell populations in PWH ART . Deep-immunophenotyping of myeloid cell lineages subpopulations showed no difference in cell frequency, but expression levels of CCR5 were increased on classical monocytes and some dendritic cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data thus suggest that the myeloid cell populations potentially contribute significantly to the modulated metabolic environment during suppressive HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Svensson Akusjärvi
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shuba Krishnan
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anoop T. Ambikan
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Flora Mikaeloff
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sivasankaran Munusamy Ponnan
- HIV Vaccine Trials Network, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Centre, Seattle, USA
| | - Jan Vesterbacka
- Department of Medicine Huddinge (MedH), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Magda Lourda
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Piotr Nowak
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine Huddinge (MedH), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Anders Sönnerborg
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine Huddinge (MedH), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Ujjwal Neogi
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
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5
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Alizadeh J, Kavoosi M, Singh N, Lorzadeh S, Ravandi A, Kidane B, Ahmed N, Mraiche F, Mowat MR, Ghavami S. Regulation of Autophagy via Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082195. [PMID: 37190124 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic changes are an important component of tumor cell progression. Tumor cells adapt to environmental stresses via changes to carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Autophagy, a physiological process in mammalian cells that digests damaged organelles and misfolded proteins via lysosomal degradation, is closely associated with metabolism in mammalian cells, acting as a meter of cellular ATP levels. In this review, we discuss the changes in glycolytic and lipid biosynthetic pathways in mammalian cells and their impact on carcinogenesis via the autophagy pathway. In addition, we discuss the impact of these metabolic pathways on autophagy in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Alizadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Mahboubeh Kavoosi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Navjit Singh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Shahrokh Lorzadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Amir Ravandi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Albrechtsen Research Centre, St. Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Biniam Kidane
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Health Sciences Centre, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 6C5, Canada
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Naseer Ahmed
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Department of Radiology, Section of Radiation Oncology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Fatima Mraiche
- College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Michael R Mowat
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academia of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada
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6
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Ritou E, Satta S, Petcherski A, Daskou M, Sharma M, Vasilopoulos H, Murakami E, Shirihai OS, Kelesidis T. Blood immune cells from people with HIV on antiviral regimens that contain tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) have differential metabolic signatures. Metabolism 2023; 141:155395. [PMID: 36842771 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria regulate immune and organ function. It is unknown whether higher intracellular drug levels observed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) treated with tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) compared to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) may alter mitochondrial function and energy production in immune cells in HIV(+) patients. METHODS Cellular bioenergetics were determined in PBMCs from HIV-1(-) participants exposed to TAF versus TDF in vitro, at a comparable concentration to a clinically relevant plasma exposure. A decrease in cellular oxygen consumption rate (OCR) at baseline (basal-OCR) and under cellular stress (max-OCR) may suggest mitochondrial dysfunction. We also assessed the in vivo impact of TAF vs TDF on OCR in PBMCs from 26 people with HIV (PWH) interchanged from TDF-based to TAF-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) over a 9-month period in the setting of an open label clinical trial. The Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney tests were used for comparison of continuous variables. RESULTS PBMCs from HIV-1(-) participants exposed in vitro to a concentration of 0.12-3.3 μM for TAF and TDF at 2 and 24 h, reduced basal and maximal OCR compared to vehicle control. Switch studies of antivirals (TAF vs TDF) within the same PWH showed that TAF-based ART was associated with reduced OCR compared to TDF-based ART in PBMCs. We observed that TAF-treated PBMCs selectively relied more on glucose/pyruvate supply rather than fatty acid to fuel their mitochondria. CONCLUSIONS Compared to TDF, TAF may alter bioenergetics in immune cells from PWH in vitro and in vivo. The clinical significance in terms of the differential impact caused by TAF versus TDF on mitochondrial function and energy production in immune cells, a regulator of immune function, requires further studied in HIV, preexposure prophylaxis and hepatitis B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Ritou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sandro Satta
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anton Petcherski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maria Daskou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Madhav Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hariclea Vasilopoulos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eisuke Murakami
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, CA 94404, USA
| | - Orian S Shirihai
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Theodoros Kelesidis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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7
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Stevenson EM, Terry S, Copertino D, Leyre L, Danesh A, Weiler J, Ward AR, Khadka P, McNeil E, Bernard K, Miller IG, Ellsworth GB, Johnston CD, Finkelsztein EJ, Zumbo P, Betel D, Dündar F, Duncan MC, Lapointe HR, Speckmaier S, Moran-Garcia N, Papa MP, Nicholes S, Stover CJ, Lynch RM, Caskey M, Gaebler C, Chun TW, Bosque A, Wilkin TJ, Lee GQ, Brumme ZL, Jones RB. SARS CoV-2 mRNA vaccination exposes latent HIV to Nef-specific CD8 + T-cells. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4888. [PMID: 35985993 PMCID: PMC9389512 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32376-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Efforts to cure HIV have focused on reactivating latent proviruses to enable elimination by CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells. Clinical studies of latency reversing agents (LRA) in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated individuals have shown increases in HIV transcription, but without reductions in virologic measures, or evidence that HIV-specific CD8+ T-cells were productively engaged. Here, we show that the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 activates the RIG-I/TLR - TNF - NFκb axis, resulting in transcription of HIV proviruses with minimal perturbations of T-cell activation and host transcription. T-cells specific for the early gene-product HIV-Nef uniquely increased in frequency and acquired effector function (granzyme-B) in ART-treated individuals following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. These parameters of CD8+ T-cell induction correlated with significant decreases in cell-associated HIV mRNA, suggesting killing or suppression of cells transcribing HIV. Thus, we report the observation of an intervention-induced reduction in a measure of HIV persistence, accompanied by precise immune correlates, in ART-suppressed individuals. However, we did not observe significant depletions of intact proviruses, underscoring challenges to achieving (or measuring) HIV reservoir reductions. Overall, our results support prioritizing the measurement of granzyme-B-producing Nef-specific responses in latency reversal studies and add impetus to developing HIV-targeted mRNA therapeutic vaccines that leverage built-in LRA activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Stevenson
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sandra Terry
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dennis Copertino
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Louise Leyre
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ali Danesh
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jared Weiler
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adam R Ward
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pragya Khadka
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Evan McNeil
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kevin Bernard
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Itzayana G Miller
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Grant B Ellsworth
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carrie D Johnston
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eli J Finkelsztein
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul Zumbo
- Applied Bioinformatics Core, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Doron Betel
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Applied Bioinformatics Core, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Friederike Dündar
- Applied Bioinformatics Core, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maggie C Duncan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hope R Lapointe
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sarah Speckmaier
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Nadia Moran-Garcia
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michelle Premazzi Papa
- Dept of Microbiology Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Samuel Nicholes
- Dept of Microbiology Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Carissa J Stover
- Dept of Microbiology Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rebecca M Lynch
- Dept of Microbiology Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Marina Caskey
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christian Gaebler
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tae-Wook Chun
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alberto Bosque
- Dept of Microbiology Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Timothy J Wilkin
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Guinevere Q Lee
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zabrina L Brumme
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - R Brad Jones
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA.
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8
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Masip J, Rallón N, Yeregui E, Olona M, Resino S, Benito JM, Viladés C, García-Pardo G, Alcamí J, Ruiz-Mateos E, Gómez-Bertomeu F, Vargas M, Navarro M, Oteo JA, Pineda JA, Martí A, Alba V, Vidal F, Peraire J, Rull A. Elevated α-Ketoglutaric Acid Concentrations and a Lipid-Balanced Signature Are the Key Factors in Long-Term HIV Control. Front Immunol 2022; 13:822272. [PMID: 35514981 PMCID: PMC9065415 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.822272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term elite controllers (LTECs) are a fascinating small subset of HIV individuals with viral and immunological HIV control in the long term that have been designated as models of an HIV functional cure. However, data on the LTEC phenotype are still scarce, and hence, the metabolomics and lipidomics signatures in the LTEC-extreme phenotype, LTECs with more than 10 years of viral and immunological HIV control, could be pivotal to finding the keys for functional HIV remission. Metabolomics and lipidomics analyses were performed using high-resolution mass spectrometry (ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time of flight [UHPLC-(ESI) qTOF] in plasma samples of 13 patients defined as LTEC-extreme, a group of 20 LTECs that lost viral and/or immunological control during the follow-up study (LTEC-losing) and 9 EC patients with short-term viral and immunological control (less than 5 years; no-LTEC patients). Long-term viral and immunological HIV-1 control was found to be strongly associated with elevated tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle function. Interestingly, of the nine metabolites identified in the TCA cycle, α-ketoglutaric acid (p = 0.004), a metabolite implicated in the activation of the mTOR complex, a modulator of HIV latency and regulator of several biological processes, was found to be a key metabolite in the persistent control. On the other hand, a lipidomics panel combining 45 lipid species showed an optimal percentage of separation and an ability to differentiate LTEC-extreme from LTEC-losing, revealing that an elevated lipidomics plasma profile could be a predictive factor for the reignition of viral replication in LTEC individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenifer Masip
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.,Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain.,Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Norma Rallón
- HIV and Viral Hepatitis Research Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
| | - Elena Yeregui
- Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain.,Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Olona
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.,Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain.,Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Salvador Resino
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Benito
- HIV and Viral Hepatitis Research Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
| | - Consuelo Viladés
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.,Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain.,Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Graciano García-Pardo
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.,Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain.,Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - José Alcamí
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Carlos III, AIDS Immunopathology Unit, National Center of Microbiology, Madrid, Spain.,HIV Unit, Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ezequiel Ruiz-Mateos
- Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Frederic Gómez-Bertomeu
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.,Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Vargas
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.,Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marta Navarro
- Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Parc Tauli Hospital Universitari, Sabadell, Spain
| | - José A Oteo
- Hospital Universitario San Pedro, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain
| | - Juan A Pineda
- Unidad de Investigación Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Anna Martí
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.,Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain.,Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Verónica Alba
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.,Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain.,Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Francesc Vidal
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.,Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain.,Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquin Peraire
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.,Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain.,Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Rull
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.,Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain.,Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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9
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Distinct Plasma Concentrations of Acyl-CoA-Binding Protein (ACBP) in HIV Progressors and Elite Controllers. Viruses 2022; 14:v14030453. [PMID: 35336860 PMCID: PMC8949460 DOI: 10.3390/v14030453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV elite controllers (ECs) are characterized by the spontaneous control of viral replication, and by metabolic and autophagic profiles which favor anti-HIV CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses. Extracellular acyl coenzyme A binding protein (ACBP) acts as a feedback inhibitor of autophagy. Herein, we assessed the circulating ACBP levels in ECs, compared to people living with HIV (PLWH) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) or not. We found lower ACBP levels in ECs compared to ART-naïve or ART-treated PLWH (p < 0.01 for both comparisons), independently of age and sex. ACBP levels were similar in ECs and HIV-uninfected controls. The expression of the protective HLA alleles HLA-B*27, *57, or *58 did not influence ACBP levels in ECs. ACBP levels were not associated with CD4 or CD8 T-cell counts, CD4 loss over time, inflammatory cytokines, or anti-CMV IgG titers in ECs. In ART-treated PLWH, ACBP levels were correlated with interleukin (IL)-1β levels, but not with other inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8, IL-32, or TNF-α. In conclusion, ECs are characterized by low ACBP plasma levels compared to ART-naïve or ART-treated PLWH. As autophagy is key to anti-HIV CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses, the ACBP pathway constitutes an interesting target in HIV cure strategies.
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10
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Shytaj IL, Procopio FA, Tarek M, Carlon‐Andres I, Tang H, Goldman AR, Munshi M, Kumar Pal V, Forcato M, Sreeram S, Leskov K, Ye F, Lucic B, Cruz N, Ndhlovu LC, Bicciato S, Padilla‐Parra S, Diaz RS, Singh A, Lusic M, Karn J, Alvarez‐Carbonell D, Savarino A. Glycolysis downregulation is a hallmark of HIV-1 latency and sensitizes infected cells to oxidative stress. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e13901. [PMID: 34289240 PMCID: PMC8350904 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202013901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 infects lymphoid and myeloid cells, which can harbor a latent proviral reservoir responsible for maintaining lifelong infection. Glycolytic metabolism has been identified as a determinant of susceptibility to HIV-1 infection, but its role in the development and maintenance of HIV-1 latency has not been elucidated. By combining transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses, we here show that transition to latent HIV-1 infection downregulates glycolysis, while viral reactivation by conventional stimuli reverts this effect. Decreased glycolytic output in latently infected cells is associated with downregulation of NAD+ /NADH. Consequently, infected cells rely on the parallel pentose phosphate pathway and its main product, NADPH, fueling antioxidant pathways maintaining HIV-1 latency. Of note, blocking NADPH downstream effectors, thioredoxin and glutathione, favors HIV-1 reactivation from latency in lymphoid and myeloid cellular models. This provides a "shock and kill effect" decreasing proviral DNA in cells from people living with HIV/AIDS. Overall, our data show that downmodulation of glycolysis is a metabolic signature of HIV-1 latency that can be exploited to target latently infected cells with eradication strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iart Luca Shytaj
- Department of Infectious DiseasesItalian Institute of HealthRomeItaly
- Department of Infectious DiseasesHeidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
- Infectious Diseases DepartmentFederal University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Francesco Andrea Procopio
- Service of Immunology and AllergyLausanne University HospitalUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Mohammad Tarek
- Bioinformatics DepartmentArmed Forces College of Medicine (AFCM)CairoEgypt
| | - Irene Carlon‐Andres
- Division of Structural BiologyWellcome Centre for Human GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Department of Infectious DiseasesFaculty of Life Sciences & MedicineKing’s College LondonLondonUK
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular BiophysicsKing’s College LondonLondonUK
| | | | | | | | | | - Mattia Forcato
- Department of Life SciencesUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly
| | - Sheetal Sreeram
- Department of Molecular Biology and MicrobiologyCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA
| | - Konstantin Leskov
- Department of Molecular Biology and MicrobiologyCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA
| | - Fengchun Ye
- Department of Molecular Biology and MicrobiologyCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA
| | - Bojana Lucic
- Department of Infectious DiseasesHeidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
- German Center for Infection ResearchHeidelbergGermany
| | - Nicolly Cruz
- Infectious Diseases DepartmentFederal University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Lishomwa C Ndhlovu
- Division of Infectious DiseasesDepartment of MedicineWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Silvio Bicciato
- Department of Life SciencesUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly
| | - Sergi Padilla‐Parra
- Division of Structural BiologyWellcome Centre for Human GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Department of Infectious DiseasesFaculty of Life Sciences & MedicineKing’s College LondonLondonUK
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular BiophysicsKing’s College LondonLondonUK
| | - Ricardo Sobhie Diaz
- Infectious Diseases DepartmentFederal University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Amit Singh
- Indian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia
| | - Marina Lusic
- Department of Infectious DiseasesHeidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
- German Center for Infection ResearchHeidelbergGermany
| | - Jonathan Karn
- Department of Molecular Biology and MicrobiologyCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA
| | - David Alvarez‐Carbonell
- Department of Molecular Biology and MicrobiologyCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA
| | - Andrea Savarino
- Department of Infectious DiseasesItalian Institute of HealthRomeItaly
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11
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Li JZ, Blankson JN. How elite controllers and posttreatment controllers inform our search for an HIV-1 cure. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:e149414. [PMID: 34060478 DOI: 10.1172/jci149414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A small percentage of people living with HIV-1 can control viral replication without antiretroviral therapy (ART). These patients are called elite controllers (ECs) if they are able to maintain viral suppression without initiating ART and posttreatment controllers (PTCs) if they control HIV replication after ART has been discontinued. Both types of controllers may serve as a model of a functional cure for HIV-1 but the mechanisms responsible for viral control have not been fully elucidated. In this review, we highlight key lessons that have been learned so far in the study of ECs and PTCs and their implications for HIV cure research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Z Li
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joel N Blankson
- Center for AIDS Research, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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