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Keshmiri FS, Gilani HG, Kazemi MS. Ultra-fast and ultra-efficient phenol removal from aqueous solution using a nano biocarbon adsorbent by RSM-CCD method: parameters, isotherm, kinetic, ANOVA. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:642. [PMID: 38904840 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12822-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to investigate the ability of peanut shell activated carbon (PSAC) to adsorb phenol from aqueous solutions. Phenolic wastewater in various industries and their release to the environment are environmental problems. Among the various separation methods, adsorption is an accepted method because of its efficiency, simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and possibility to use different adsorbent materials to achieve maximum adsorption efficiency. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to minimize the required experiments, modeling, finding the optimal point, and variance analysis. Among the studied variables, pH, adsorbent dosage, and initial concentration are important. The results show that it is possible to completely remove at 300 ppm of phenol concentration and 5 min. Characterization of PSAC was done using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectrum (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET), and size analysis. By examining the isotherm models, it was found that the adsorption follows the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity was 250 mg g-1 based on the Langmuir model. The three combined features of complete removal, ultra-fast adsorption, and high adsorption capacity are the unique features of this nano biocarbon for phenol removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Sadat Keshmiri
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Malihe Samadi Kazemi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Bojnourd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bojnourd, Iran.
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2
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Hashemzadeh F, Derakhshandeh SH, Soori MM, Khedri F, Rajabi S. Bisphenol A adsorption using modified aloe vera leaf-wastes derived bio-sorbents from aqueous solution: kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:2031-2051. [PMID: 37158808 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2208536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Reactive-oxygen-species are produced more often in the body when bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting-substance, is present. In this investigation, bio-sorbents from an aqueous solution adapted from Aloe-vera were used to survey BPA removal. Aloe-vera leaf wastes were used to create activated carbon, which was then analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Zeta potential, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) techniques. It was revealed that the adsorption process adheres to the Freundlich isotherm model with R2>0.96 and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with R2>0.99 under ideal conditions (pH = 3, contact time = 45 min, concentration of BPA = 20 mg.L-1, and concentration of the adsorbent = 2 g.L-1). After five-cycle, the efficacy of removal was greater than 70%. The removal of phenolic-chemicals from industrial-effluent can be accomplished with the assistance of this adsorbent in a cost-effective and effective-approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Hashemzadeh
- Water and Wastewater Research Center, Water Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamed Derakhshandeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Soori
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Khedri
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Saeed Rajabi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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3
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Duan D, Ma W, Chen K, Guo S, Zheng C, Tan G. Effects of a novel Mg-C micro-electrolysis system for phenolic wastewater degradation: material characterization, influencing factors, and model optimization. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:1388-1403. [PMID: 36328073 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2143290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated a novel magnesium carbon micro-electrolysis (Mg-C ME) system for strengthening the removal of phenolic compounds in wastewater. The effects of the Mg/C mass ratio, aeration intensity, initial pH and reaction time on the degradation of three phenolic compounds and the COD removal efficiency in the simulated wastewater were evaluated using one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) method. The optimum values obtained for the Mg/C mass ratio, aeration intensity, initial pH and reaction time were 3:1, 4.0 L/(L·min), 5.0 and 2.5 h, respectively. The experimental removal rates of catechol, resorcinol, and phenol, under the mentioned conditions, were obtained to be 95.6%, 71.5%, and 48.8%, respectively. Meanwhile, the COD removal rates were 63.8%,44.7%,34.0%, respectively. Moreover, experiments were designed and analyzed based on the box-based designing response surface (BBD-RSM) method. According to the results, the Mg/C mass ratio was the most significant variable showing incremental effect on the removal efficiency of catechol in a way that maximum removal efficiency of catechol was achieved in Mg/C mass ratio of 3.23:1. The validation experiments showed that the maximum removal efficiency of catechol was 96.24% under optimization conditions. Resorcinol degradation characteristics analysis indicated that the Mg-C ME system performed a key function in phenolic compounds elimination. Results showed that the Mg-C ME has a considerable capability in removing the phenolic compounds and COD. Thus, it could be considered as an efficient pretreatment choice for treating phenolic wastewater in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongling Duan
- Guangzhou Urban Planning & Design Survey Research Institute, Guangzhou, Peoples' People's Republic of China
| | - Wencheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Peoples' People's Republic of China
| | - Kejian Chen
- Guangzhou Urban Planning & Design Survey Research Institute, Guangzhou, Peoples' People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhe Guo
- Guangzhou Urban Planning & Design Survey Research Institute, Guangzhou, Peoples' People's Republic of China
| | - Chengjun Zheng
- Guangzhou Urban Planning & Design Survey Research Institute, Guangzhou, Peoples' People's Republic of China
| | - Guangzhou Tan
- Guangzhou Urban Planning & Design Survey Research Institute, Guangzhou, Peoples' People's Republic of China
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4
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Chen T, Fu B, Li H. Optimisation of PAHs biodegradation by Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa through response surface methodology. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37970911 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2283813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Box-Behnken Design (BBD) is used to optimise the Phenanthrene (PHE) degradation process by Klebsiella pneumoniae (K bacteria) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P bacteria). Wherein substrate concentration, temperature, and pH at three levels are used as independent variables, and degradation rate of PHE as dependent variables (response). The statistical analysis, via ANOVA, shows coefficient of determination R2 as 0.9848 with significant P value 0.0001 fitting in second-order quadratic regression model for PAHs removal by Klebsiella pneumonia, and R2 as 0.9847 with significant P value 0.0001 by P bacteria. According to the model analysis, temperature (P < 0.0006) is the most influential factor for PHE degradation efficiency by K bacteria, while pH (P < 0.0001) is the most influential factor for PHE degradation by P bacteria. The predicted optimum parameters for K bacteria, namely, temperature, substrate concentration, and pH are found to be 34.00℃, 50.80 mg/L, and 7.50, respectively, and those for P bacteria are 33.30℃, 52.70 mg/L, and 7.20, respectively. At these optimum conditions, the observed PHE removal rates by two bacteria are found to be 83.36% ± 2.1% and 81.23% ± 1.6% in validation experiments, respectively. Thus RSM can optimise the biodegradation conditions of both bacteria for PHE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System & Water Environment Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Fu
- Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System & Water Environment Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Tianjin Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co. Ltd, Tianjin
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5
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Deng J, Huang Z, Ruan W. Growth and genetic analysis of Pseudomonas BT1 in a high-thiourea environment reveals the mechanisms by which it restores the ability to remove ammonia nitrogen from wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:3763-3776. [PMID: 35481797 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2071643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Thiourea is widely present in wastewater and can inhibit the nitrification process, inducing the collapse of the nitrification system in sewage treatment plants. Pseudomonas BT1 can restore the ammonia nitrogen removal ability of wastewater treatment processes in which the nitrification system due to thiourea. However, the genetic mechanisms for BT1 are still unclear. In this study, we reported the first genome assembly for Pseudomonas BT1, which has a genome size of 5,576,102 bp and 5,115 predicted genes. Complete C and S metabolic cycles were identified in its genome, and some intersecting intermediate products were found in these cycles. BT1 can grow well and remove ammonia nitrogen at different thiourea concentrations, but it showed a better removal ability in high-thiourea environments. The longest gene activity stage of BT1 was observed in the high-thiourea environments by RNA sequencing, and genes related to maintaining intracellular copper homeostasis were highly expressed during the S metabolism process, which may be the key to restoring the ammonia nitrogen removal ability. Enzymes detected during the N and S cycles showed that BT1 reacts with thiourea to produce hydrogen but not sulphate, suggesting that BT1 may have genes that are involved in thiourea hydrolysis. In conclusion, the high-quality assembly of BT1 provides a valuable resource for analyzing its biological process and molecular mechanisms for thiourea metabolism. BT1 shows great application potential for the removal of thiourea from sewage treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Deng
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenxing Huang
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenquan Ruan
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
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Bazrafshan E, Mohammadi L, Zarei AA, Mosafer J, Zafar MN, Dargahi A. Optimization of the photocatalytic degradation of phenol using superparamagnetic iron oxide (Fe 3O 4) nanoparticles in aqueous solutions. RSC Adv 2023; 13:25408-25424. [PMID: 37636498 PMCID: PMC10448231 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03612j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The present work was carried out to remove phenol from aqueous medium using a photocatalytic process with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4) called SPIONs. The photocatalytic process was optimized using a central composite design based on the response surface methodology. The effects of pH (3-7), UV/SPION nanoparticles ratio (1-3), contact time (30-90 minutes), and initial phenol concentration (20-80 mg L-1) on the photocatalytic process were investigated. The interaction of the process parameters and their optimal conditions were determined using CCD. The statistical data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance. We developed a quadratic model using a central composite design to indicate the photocatalyst impact on the decomposition of phenol. There was a close similarity between the empirical values gained for the phenol content and the predicted response values. Considering the design, optimum values of pH, phenol concentration, UV/SPION ratio, and contact time were determined to be 3, 80 mg L-1, 3, and 60 min, respectively; 94.9% of phenol was eliminated under the mentioned conditions. Since high values were obtained for the adjusted R2 (0.9786) and determination coefficient (R2 = 0.9875), the response surface methodology can describe the phenol removal by the use of the photocatalytic process. According to the one-way analysis of variance results, the quadratic model obtained by RSM is statistically significant for removing phenol. The recyclability of 92% after four consecutive cycles indicates the excellent stability of the photocatalyst for practical applications. Our research findings indicate that it is possible to employ response surface methodology as a helpful tool to optimize and modify process parameters for maximizing phenol removal from aqueous solutions and photocatalytic processes using SPIONs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edris Bazrafshan
- Health Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences Torbat Heydariyeh 33787 95196 Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences Torbat Heydariyeh 33787 95196 Iran
| | - Leili Mohammadi
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences Zahedan 98167-43463 Iran
| | - Amin Allah Zarei
- Health Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences Torbat Heydariyeh 33787 95196 Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences Torbat Heydariyeh 33787 95196 Iran
| | - Jafar Mosafer
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences Torbat Heydariyeh 33787 95196 Iran
- Research Center of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences Torbat Heydariyeh Iran
| | | | - Abdollah Dargahi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences Khalkhal Iran
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences Ardabil Iran
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7
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Guo F, Lou Y, Yan Q, Xiong J, Luo J, Shen C, Vayenas DV. Insight into the Fe-Ni/biochar composite supported three-dimensional electro-Fenton removal of electronic industry wastewater. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 325:116466. [PMID: 36327605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
For the efficient removal of the bio-refractory organic pollutants in the electronic industry wastewater, the Ni-Fe (oxides) modified three-dimension (3D) particle electrode was applied in electro-Fenton system (3D/EF), where iron ions were released from anode and deposited onto algal biochar (ABC) to prepare composite catalyst during reaction process. Firstly, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis were applied to confirm successful fabrication of the 3D particle electrode materials. Secondly, COD removal efficiency could reach about 80%, which was about 20% higher than that in 2D/EF system, under the optimized conditions as 2.0 g/L of Ni-ABC particle electrodes, initial pH of 3, 100 mL/min of aeration intensity and 20 mA/cm2 of applied current density. Thirdly, characterized using three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy and GC-MS analysis, it seemed that most of the macromolecular substances could be degraded, whereas mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) was identified as the most abundant and representative compound. Finally, possible degradation pathway of MEHP in 3D/EF system was proposed including dealkylation, cleavage of C-O bond, and demethylation. Therefore, this study provides a new strategy in designing EF system employing bimetal doped biochar composite for an efficient elimination of organic pollutants within electronic industry wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Guo
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yaoyin Lou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Qun Yan
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou, 215011, China.
| | - Jianglei Xiong
- China Electronics System Engineering No. 2 Construction Co., Ltd, Wuxi, 214001, China
| | - Jiahao Luo
- China Electronics System Engineering No. 2 Construction Co., Ltd, Wuxi, 214001, China
| | - Chikang Shen
- China Electronics System Engineering No. 2 Construction Co., Ltd, Wuxi, 214001, China
| | - Dimitris V Vayenas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Caratheodory 1, University Campus, GR-26504, Patras, Greece; Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes (FORTH/ICE-HT), Stadiou Str., Platani, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
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8
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Li X, Song C, Sun B, Gao J, Liu Y, Zhu J. Kinetics of zero-valent iron-activated persulfate for methylparaben degradation and the promotion of Cl . JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 321:115973. [PMID: 36104884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Methylparaben (MP) is an emerging pollutant, and the optimal conditions and kinetics of MP degradation using nano-zero-valent iron-activated persulfate (nZVI/PDS) need to be further investigated. This paper firstly investigated the response surface methodology (RSM) analysis of MP degradation by the heterogeneous system nZVI/PDS and concluded that the initial pH had the most significant effect on MP degradation. The optimal experimental conditions predicted by the RSM were as follows: initial pH 2.75, [nZVI]0 = 2.87 mM, [PDS]0 = 2.18 mM (MP degradation level of 95.30%). First- and second-order kinetic fits were performed for different initial pH levels and different concentrations of MP, nZVI, and PDS. It was determined that k = 0.0365 min-1 (R2 = 0.984) when the initial pH was 3, [PDS]0 = 2 mM, [MP]0 = 20 mg L-1, and [nZVI]0 = 3 mM (MP degradation level of 94.25%). The rest of the conditions were more closely fitted to the second-order reactions. The effects of different concentrations of anions and humic acid (HA) on the MP degradation level and k were examined, and it was found that Cl- could promote MP degradation to 97.69% (increased by 3.65%) and increase the k in accordance with the first-order reaction kinetics (0.0780 min-1, R2 = 0.991). Finally, the analysis of intermediates revealed 5 reaction pathways and 7 reaction intermediates, which inferred a possible reaction mechanism with the recycling performance of nZVI. In this paper, the superiority of nZVI/PDS for the purposes of activating MP degradation was affirmed. The presence of Cl- can enhance the level of MP degradation was confirmed, which provides a new direction for future practical engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Li
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chuang Song
- Tieling Ecological Environment Bureau, Tieling, 112008, China
| | - Beibei Sun
- Sinopec Ningbo Engineering CO., LTD., Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Jingsi Gao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Industrial Water Saving and Urban Sewage Resources, School of Construction and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Jia Zhu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Industrial Water Saving and Urban Sewage Resources, School of Construction and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Sarizadeh G, Geravandi S, Takdastan A, Javanmaerdi P, Mohammadi MJ. Efficiency of hospital wastewater treatment system in removal of level of toxic, microbial, and organic pollutant. TOXIN REV 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2021.1922923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Sarizadeh
- School of Public Health and Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Afshin Takdastan
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Parviz Javanmaerdi
- Health Care System of Hendijan, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Mohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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10
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Qiao Z, Hu S, Wu Y, Sun R, Liu X, Chan J. Changes in the fluorescence intensity, degradability, and aromaticity of organic carbon in ammonium and phenanthrene-polluted aquatic ecosystems. RSC Adv 2021; 11:1066-1076. [PMID: 35423689 PMCID: PMC8693519 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08655j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mixed cultures were established by a sediment to investigate the changes in organic carbon (C) in a combined ammonium and phenanthrene biotransformation process in aquatic ecosystems. The microorganisms in the sediment demonstrated significant ammonium-N and phenanthrene biotransformation capacity with removal efficiencies of 99.96% and 99.99%, respectively. The changes in the organic C characteristics were evaluated by the fluorescence intensity, degradability (humification index (HIX) and UV absorbance at 254 nm (A254)), aromaticity (specific UV absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA254) and fluorescence index (FI)). Compared with C2 (the second control), the lower values of fluorescence intensity (after the 15th d), HIX (after the 8th d), A254 (after the 11th d), and SUVA254 (after the 8th d) and the higher FI value (after the 8th d) in ammonium and phenanthrene-fed mixed cultures (N_PHE) suggest that aromatic structures and some condensed molecules were easier to break down in N_PHE. Similar results were obtained from Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectra. Changes in organic C characteristics may be due to two key organisms Massilia and Azohydromonas. The biodiversity also suggested that the selective pressure of ammonium and phenanthrene is the decisive factor for changes in organic C characteristics. This study will shed light on theoretical insights into the interaction of N and aromatic compounds in aquatic ecosystems. Mixed cultures were established by a sediment to investigate the changes in organic carbon (C) in a combined ammonium and phenanthrene biotransformation process in aquatic ecosystems.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixia Qiao
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710129
- China
| | - Sihai Hu
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710129
- China
| | - Yaoguo Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710129
- China
| | - Ran Sun
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710129
- China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710129
- China
| | - Jiangwei Chan
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710129
- China
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11
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Mohanakrishna G, Abu-Reesh IM, Pant D. Enhanced bioelectrochemical treatment of petroleum refinery wastewater with Labaneh whey as co-substrate. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19665. [PMID: 33184377 PMCID: PMC7665216 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76668-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Petroleum refinery wastewater (PRW) that contains recalcitrant components as the major portion of constituents is difficult to treat by conventional biological processes. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) which also produce renewable energy were found to be promising for the treatment of PRW. However, due to the high total dissolved solids and low organic matter content, the efficiency of the process is limited. Labaneh whey (LW) wastewater, having higher biodegradability and high organic matter was evaluated as co-substrate along with PRW in standard dual chambered MFC to achieve improved power generation and treatment efficiency. Among several concentrations of LW as co-substrate in the range of 5–30% (v/v) with PRW, 85:15 (PRW:LW) showed to have the highest power generation (power density (PD), 832 mW/m2), which is two times higher than the control with PRW as sole substrate (PD, 420 mW/m2). On the contrary, a maximum substrate degradation rate of 0.420 kg COD/m3-day (ξCOD, 63.10%), was registered with 80:20 feed. Higher LW ratios in PRW lead to the production of VFA which in turn gradually decreased the anolyte pH to below 4.5 (70:30 feed). This resulted in a drop in the performance of MFC with respect to power generation (274 mW/m2, 70:30 feed) and substrate degradation (ξCOD, 17.84%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunda Mohanakrishna
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P O Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ibrahim M Abu-Reesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P O Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Deepak Pant
- Separation and Conversion Technologies, VITO - Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
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12
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Mahmoudpoor Moteshaker P, Saadi S, Rokni SE. Electrochemical removal of diazinon insecticide in aqueous solution by Pb/β-PbO 2 anode. Effect of parameters and optimization using response surface methodology. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2020; 92:975-986. [PMID: 31885134 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Diazinon is one of the most extensively used organophosphorus pesticides that is used against a variety of agricultural pests and disease vectors and is resistant to biodegradation; its release into the environment is a severe environmental concern due to their widespread use. The aim of this study was to investigate the electrochemical removal of diazinon insecticides from aqueous solutions and to optimize the process by response surface methodology (RSM). This is an experimental study that was performed on a laboratory scale and in a batch mood. scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, and X-ray diffraction analyses were performed to accurately evaluate and characterize the coated electrode. The central composite design (CCD) was used to investigate the influence of pH, electrolysis time, diazinon concentration, and current density, as well as the effect of their interaction on the removal of diazinon during the electrochemical process. The results showed that by increasing electrolysis time and current density and decreasing diazinon pH and concentration, diazinon removal efficiency increased. According to the results, Na2 SO4 was selected as the supporting electrolyte with the highest degradation efficiency (97.88%) compared to the other two compounds (NaCl and NaNO3 ). The linear regression coefficient (R2 ) between experiments and different response values in the model was .99. The results showed that the amount of AOS in the effluent of the three-dimensional electrochemical process was increased from 0.06 to 1.22 and the COD/TOC ratio decreased from 2.62 to 1.85, respectively; this indicates the biodegradability of the diazinon insecticide through the electrochemical system. The removal efficiency of COD and TOC in optimum condition was 85.78% and 79.86%, respectively. In general, the electrochemical process using Pb/β-PbO2 electrode compared to other methods can be used as a suitable and reliable method for the treatment of effluents containing chemical toxins such as diazinon. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Electrochemical degradation of diazinon insecticide using Pb/β-PbO2 anode. Effect of operating parameters on electrodegradation diazinon insecticide in electrochemical processes using Pb/β-PbO2 anode. Biodegradability study of diazinon insecticide electrodegradation using Pb/β-PbO2 anode. Optimization operating parameters using central composite design (CCD).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sommayeh Saadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ehsan Rokni
- Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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