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Ma Z, Jin YM, Wu T, Hu L, Zhang Y, Jiang W, Du X. OsDREB2B, an AP2/ERF transcription factor, negatively regulates plant height by conferring GA metabolism in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1007811. [PMID: 36388558 PMCID: PMC9650310 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1007811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The AP2/ERF family is a large group of plant-specific transcription factors that play an important role in many biological processes, such as growth, development, and abiotic stress responses. OsDREB2B, a dehydration responsive factor (DRE/CRT) in the DREB subgroup of the AP2/ERF family, is associated with abiotic stress responses, such as cold, drought, salt, and heat stress, in Arabidopsis or rice. However, its role in regulating plant growth and development in rice is unclear. In this study, we reported a new function of OsDREB2B, which negatively regulates plant height in rice. Compared with wild type (WT), OsDREB2B-overexpressing (OE) rice exhibited dwarf phenotypes, such as reduction in plant height, internode length, and seed length, as well as grain yield, while the knockout mutants developed by CRISPR/Cas9 technology exhibited similar phenotypes. Spatial expression analysis revealed that OsDREB2B was highly expressed in the leaf sheaths. Under exogenous GA3 application, OsDREB2B expression was induced, and the length of the second leaf sheath of the OsDREB2B-OE lines recovered to that of the WT. OsDREB2B localized to the nucleus of the rice protoplast acted as a transcription activator and upregulated OsAP2-39 by directly binding to its promoter. OsDREB2B-OE lines reduced endogenous bioactive GA levels by downregulating seven GA biosynthesis genes and upregulating eight GA deactivation genes but not GA signaling genes. The yeast two-hybrid assay and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay showed that OsDREB2B interacted with OsWRKY21. In summary, our study suggests that OsDREB2B plays a negative role in rice growth and development by regulating GA metabolic gene expression, which is mediated by OsAP2-39 and OsWRKY21, thereby reducing GA content and rice plant height.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Ma
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yong-Mei Jin
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lanjuan Hu
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Wenzhu Jiang
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinglin Du
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Zhu C, Li Z, Tang Y, Zhang L, Wen J, Wang Z, Su Y, Chen Y, Zhang H. TaWRKY10 plays a key role in the upstream of circadian gene TaLHY in wheat. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 310:110973. [PMID: 34315591 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
TaLHY is an MYB transcription factor (TF) that is upregulated by salicylic acid induction and shows circadian rhythms. However, the study of the upstream regulatory factors is still unclear. In this study, we cloned the promoter sequence of the TaLHY homologous genes, verified the activity of the promoters, and identified important regions that affect promoter activity. Furthermore, we explored a possible upstream regulator of TaLHY, named TaWRKY10, which played a key role in the expression of TaLHY. We found that the three promoters pTaLHYa, pTaLHYb, and pTaLHYd had transcriptional activity in wheat protoplasts. All three promoters have W-Box, which can bind to WRKY TFs. Using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), after silencing TaWRKY10, the resistance of ChuanNong 19 (CN19) to stripe rust pathogen strain CYR32 was lost, and the expression level of the TaLHY homologous gene decreased. At the same time, in wheat protoplasts, the transcriptional activity of TaLHY homologous promoters improved after TaWRKY10 overexpression. This indicates that TaWRKY10 is a key gene for wheat immune response to stripe rust, and this gene may bind to TaLHYa, TaLHYb, and TaLHYd promoters to regulate the expression of TaLHY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyang Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, PR China
| | - Zhongyuan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, PR China
| | - Yizhen Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, PR China
| | - Liqiang Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, PR China
| | - Jiahe Wen
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, PR China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, PR China
| | - Yongying Su
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yang'er Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, PR China
| | - Huaiyu Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, PR China.
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Yu X, Pan Y, Dong Y, Lu B, Zhang C, Yang M, Zuo L. Cloning and overexpression of PeWRKY31 from Populus × euramericana enhances salt and biological tolerance in transgenic Nicotiana. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:80. [PMID: 33549055 PMCID: PMC7866765 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02856-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As important forest tree species, biological stress and soil salinization are important factors that restrict the growth of Populus × euramericana. WRKYs are important transcription factors in plants that can regulate plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, PeWRKY31 was isolated from Populus × euramericana, and its bioinformation, salt resistance and insect resistance were analyzed. This study aims to provide guidance for producing salt-resistant and insect-resistant poplars. RESULTS PeWRKY31 has a predicted open reading frame (ORF) of 1842 bp that encodes 613 amino acids. The predicted protein is the unstable, acidic, and hydrophilic protein with a molecular weight of 66.34 kDa, and it has numerous potential phosphorylation sites, chiefly on serines and threonines. PeWRKY31 is a zinc-finger C2H2 type-II WRKY TF that is closely related to WRKY TFs of Populus tomentosa, and localizes to the nucleus. A PeWRKY31 overexpression vector was constructed and transformed into Nicotiana tabacum L. Overexpression of PeWRKY31 improved the salt tolerance and insect resistance of the transgenic tobacco. Transcriptome sequencing and KEGG enrichment analysis showed the elevated expression of genes related to glutathione metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, and MAPK signaling pathways, the functions of which were important in plant salt tolerance and insect resistance in the overexpressing tobacco line. CONCLUSIONS PeWRKY31 was isolated from Populus × euramericana. Overexpression of PeWRKY31 improved the resistance of transgenic plant to salt stress and pest stress. The study provides references for the generation of stress-resistant lines with potentially great economic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Yu
- Forest Department, Forestry College, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Tree Genetic Resources and Forest Protection, 071000, Baoding, P. R. China
| | - Yu Pan
- Forest Department, Forestry College, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Tianjin nuohe medical laboratory co. LTD, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Forest Department, Forestry College, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Tree Genetic Resources and Forest Protection, 071000, Baoding, P. R. China
| | - Bin Lu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Forest Department, Forestry College, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Tree Genetic Resources and Forest Protection, 071000, Baoding, P. R. China
| | - Minsheng Yang
- Forest Department, Forestry College, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Tree Genetic Resources and Forest Protection, 071000, Baoding, P. R. China.
| | - Lihui Zuo
- Forest Department, Forestry College, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.
- College of Landscape and Ecological Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, 056000, Handan, P. R. China.
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Lin J, Dang F, Chen Y, Guan D, He S. CaWRKY27 negatively regulates salt and osmotic stress responses in pepper. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 145:43-51. [PMID: 31665666 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors are key regulatory components of plant responses to both biotic and abiotic stresses. In pepper (Capsicum annuum), CaWRKY27 positively regulates resistance to the pathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum and negatively regulates thermotolerance. Here, we report that CaWRKY27 functions in the response to salinity and osmotic stress. CaWRKY27 transcription was induced by salinity, osmotic, and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments, as determined using qPCR and GUS assays. Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants heterologously expressing CaWRKY27 had an increased sensitivity to salinity and osmotic stress, with a higher inhibition of both root elongation and whole plant growth, more severe chlorosis and wilting, lower germination rates, and an enhanced germination sensitivity to ABA than the corresponding wild-type plants. Furthermore, most marker genes associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification and polyamine and ABA biosynthesis, as well as stress-responsive genes NtDREB3, were downregulated in plants transgenically expressing CaWRKY27 upon exposure to salinity or osmotic stress. Consistently, silencing of CaWRKY27 using virus-induced gene silencing conferred tolerance to salinity and osmotic stress in pepper plants. These findings suggest that CaWRKY27 acts as a molecular link in the antagonistic crosstalk regulating the expression of defense-related genes in the responses to both abiotic and biotic stresses by acting either as a transcriptional activator or repressor in pepper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Lin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Fengfeng Dang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Yongping Chen
- College of Horticulture Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Deyi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Shuilin He
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization of the Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
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5
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Jiang J, Xi H, Dai Z, Lecourieux F, Yuan L, Liu X, Patra B, Wei Y, Li S, Wang L. VvWRKY8 represses stilbene synthase genes through direct interaction with VvMYB14 to control resveratrol biosynthesis in grapevine. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:715-729. [PMID: 30445464 PMCID: PMC6322584 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol (Res) is a stilbenoid, a group of plant phenolic metabolites derived from stilbene that possess activities against pests, pathogens, and abiotic stresses. Only a few species, including grapevine (Vitis), synthesize and accumulate Res. Although stilbene synthases (STSs) have been isolated and characterized in several species, the gene regulatory mechanisms underlying stilbene biosynthesis are still largely unknown. Here, we characterize a grapevine WRKY transcription factor, VvWRKY8, that regulates the Res biosynthetic pathway. Transient and stable overexpression of VvWRKY8 in grapevine results in decreased expression of VvSTS15/21 and VvMYB14, as well as in a reduction of Res accumulation. VvWRKY8 does not bind to or activate the promoters of VvMYB14 and VvSTS15/21; however, it physically interacts with VvMYB14 proteins through their N-terminal domains to prevent them from binding to the VvSTS15/21 promoter. Application of exogenous Res results in the stimulation of VvWRKY8 expression and in a decrease of VvMYB14 and VvSTS15/21 expression in grapevine suspension cells, and in the activation of the VvWRKY8 promoter in tobacco leaves. These results demonstrate that VvWRKY8 represses VvSTS15/21 expression and Res biosynthesis through interaction with VvMYB14. In this context, the VvMYB14-VvSTS15/21-Res-VvWRKY8 regulatory loop may be an important mechanism for the fine-tuning of Res biosynthesis in grapevine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhu Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huifen Xi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanwu Dai
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, CNRS, INRA, ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Fatma Lecourieux
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, CNRS, INRA, ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Ling Yuan
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Kentucky, USA
| | - Xianju Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Barunava Patra
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Kentucky, USA
| | - Yongzan Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shaohua Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Correspondence: or
| | - Lijun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Correspondence: or
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Dang F, Lin J, Xue B, Chen Y, Guan D, Wang Y, He S. CaWRKY27 Negatively Regulates H 2O 2-Mediated Thermotolerance in Pepper ( Capsicum annuum). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1633. [PMID: 30510557 PMCID: PMC6252359 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress, an important and damaging abiotic stress, regulates numerous WRKY transcription factors, but their roles in heat stress responses remain largely unexplored. Here, we show that pepper (Capsicum annuum) CaWRKY27 negatively regulates basal thermotolerance mediated by H2O2 signaling. CaWRKY27 expression increased during heat stress and persisted during recovery. CaWRKY27 overexpression impaired basal thermotolerance in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and Arabidopsis thaliana, CaWRKY27-overexpressing plants had a lower survival rate under heat stress, accompanied by decreased expression of multiple thermotolerance-associated genes. Accordingly, silencing of CaWRKY27 increased basal thermotolerance in pepper plants. Exogenously applied H2O2 induced CaWRKY27 expression, and CaWRKY27 overexpression repressed the scavenging of H2O2 in Arabidopsis, indicating a positive feedback loop between H2O2 accumulation and CaWRKY27 expression. Consistent with this, CaWRKY27 expression was repressed under heat stress in the presence H2O2 scavengers and CaWRKY27 silencing decreased H2O2 accumulation in pepper leaves. These changes may result from changes in levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzymes, since the heat stress-challenged CaWRKY27-silenced pepper plants had significantly higher expression of multiple genes encoding ROS-scavenging enzymes, such as CaCAT1, CaAPX1, CaAPX2, CaCSD2, and CaSOD1. Therefore, CaWRKY27 acts as a downstream negative regulator of H2O2-mediated heat stress responses, preventing inappropriate responses during heat stress and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengfeng Dang
- National Education Minister, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinhui Lin
- College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fuzhou, China
| | - Baoping Xue
- College of Life Science, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Yongping Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Deyi Guan
- College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- College of Life Science, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Shuilin He
- National Education Minister, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fuzhou, China
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Yang G, Zhang W, Liu Z, Yi-Maer AY, Zhai M, Xu Z. Both JrWRKY2 and JrWRKY7 of Juglans regia mediate responses to abiotic stresses and abscisic acid through formation of homodimers and interaction. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2017; 19:268-278. [PMID: 27860167 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors belong to a large protein family that is involved in diverse developmental processes and abiotic stress responses. Currently, there is little understanding of the role of WRKY transcription factors in regulatory mechanisms in plants, especially in the protein-protein interactions that are essential for biological regulatory functions and networks. In the present study, yeast one-hybrid, yeast two-hybrid, transient expression and quantitative RT-PCR were applied to investigate the potential characteristics of two WRKY proteins from Juglans regia, JrWRKY2 (GenBank Accession No. KU057089) and JrWRKY7 (GenBank Accession No. KP784651). JrWRKY2 and JrWRKY7 can form homodimers and interact with each other. JrWRKY2 and JrWRKY7 can bind to W-box motifs. Similarly high levels of transcription were found for JrWRKY2 and JrWRKY7 under NaCl and polyethylene glycol (PEG) stresses, as well as at different developmental stages, e.g., the pistil or terminal leaf. JrWRKY2 and JrWRKY7 were transiently overexpressed in an independent manner in the terminal leaf. Analyses of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities, proline and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, and electrolyte leakage rate showed that JrWRKY2 and JrWRKY7 overexpression improved plant tolerance to NaCl, PEG, abscisic acid, and cold stress. Additionally, JrWRKY2 and JrWRKY7 overexpression elevated transcription of SOD, POD, glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and MYB genes, but downregulated the expression of NAC. Overall, the results demonstrate that JrWRKY2 and JrWRKY7 are dimeric proteins that can form functional homodimers and interact with each other and that they are involved in abiotic stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Yang
- Laboratory of Walnut Research Center, College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - W Zhang
- Agronomy College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Z Liu
- Laboratory of Walnut Research Center, College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - A-Y Yi-Maer
- Laboratory of Walnut Research Center, College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - M Zhai
- Laboratory of Walnut Research Center, College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Z Xu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
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8
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Cerri MR, Frances L, Kelner A, Fournier J, Middleton PH, Auriac MC, Mysore KS, Wen J, Erard M, Barker DG, Oldroyd GE, de Carvalho-Niebel F. The Symbiosis-Related ERN Transcription Factors Act in Concert to Coordinate Rhizobial Host Root Infection. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 171:1037-54. [PMID: 27208242 PMCID: PMC4902606 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Legumes improve their mineral nutrition through nitrogen-fixing root nodule symbioses with soil rhizobia. Rhizobial infection of legumes is regulated by a number of transcription factors, including ERF Required for Nodulation1 (ERN1). Medicago truncatula plants defective in ERN1 are unable to nodulate, but still exhibit early symbiotic responses including rhizobial infection. ERN1 has a close homolog, ERN2, which shows partially overlapping expression patterns. Here we show that ern2 mutants exhibit a later nodulation phenotype than ern1, being able to form nodules but with signs of premature senescence. Molecular characterization of the ern2-1 mutation reveals a key role for a conserved threonine for both DNA binding and transcriptional activity. In contrast to either single mutant, the double ern1-1 ern2-1 line is completely unable to initiate infection or nodule development. The strong ern1-1 ern2-1 phenotype demonstrates functional redundancy between these two transcriptional regulators and reveals the essential role of ERN1/ERN2 to coordinately induce rhizobial infection and nodule organogenesis. While ERN1/ERN2 act in concert in the root epidermis, only ERN1 can efficiently allow the development of mature nodules in the cortex, probably through an independent pathway. Together, these findings reveal the key roles that ERN1/ERN2 play at the very earliest stages of root nodule development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion R Cerri
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions (LIPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, UMR 2594), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA, UMR 441), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (M.R.C., L.F., A.K., J.F., M.-C.A., D.G.B., F.d.C.-N.)Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (P.H.M., G.E.O.)The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (K.S.M., J.W.); andInstitute de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), UMR 5089-205, 31077 Toulouse, France (M.E.)
| | - Lisa Frances
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions (LIPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, UMR 2594), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA, UMR 441), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (M.R.C., L.F., A.K., J.F., M.-C.A., D.G.B., F.d.C.-N.)Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (P.H.M., G.E.O.)The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (K.S.M., J.W.); andInstitute de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), UMR 5089-205, 31077 Toulouse, France (M.E.)
| | - Audrey Kelner
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions (LIPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, UMR 2594), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA, UMR 441), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (M.R.C., L.F., A.K., J.F., M.-C.A., D.G.B., F.d.C.-N.)Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (P.H.M., G.E.O.)The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (K.S.M., J.W.); andInstitute de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), UMR 5089-205, 31077 Toulouse, France (M.E.)
| | - Joëlle Fournier
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions (LIPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, UMR 2594), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA, UMR 441), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (M.R.C., L.F., A.K., J.F., M.-C.A., D.G.B., F.d.C.-N.)Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (P.H.M., G.E.O.)The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (K.S.M., J.W.); andInstitute de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), UMR 5089-205, 31077 Toulouse, France (M.E.)
| | - Patrick H Middleton
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions (LIPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, UMR 2594), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA, UMR 441), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (M.R.C., L.F., A.K., J.F., M.-C.A., D.G.B., F.d.C.-N.)Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (P.H.M., G.E.O.)The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (K.S.M., J.W.); andInstitute de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), UMR 5089-205, 31077 Toulouse, France (M.E.)
| | - Marie-Christine Auriac
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions (LIPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, UMR 2594), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA, UMR 441), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (M.R.C., L.F., A.K., J.F., M.-C.A., D.G.B., F.d.C.-N.)Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (P.H.M., G.E.O.)The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (K.S.M., J.W.); andInstitute de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), UMR 5089-205, 31077 Toulouse, France (M.E.)
| | - Kirankumar S Mysore
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions (LIPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, UMR 2594), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA, UMR 441), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (M.R.C., L.F., A.K., J.F., M.-C.A., D.G.B., F.d.C.-N.)Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (P.H.M., G.E.O.)The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (K.S.M., J.W.); andInstitute de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), UMR 5089-205, 31077 Toulouse, France (M.E.)
| | - Jiangqi Wen
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions (LIPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, UMR 2594), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA, UMR 441), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (M.R.C., L.F., A.K., J.F., M.-C.A., D.G.B., F.d.C.-N.)Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (P.H.M., G.E.O.)The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (K.S.M., J.W.); andInstitute de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), UMR 5089-205, 31077 Toulouse, France (M.E.)
| | - Monique Erard
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions (LIPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, UMR 2594), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA, UMR 441), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (M.R.C., L.F., A.K., J.F., M.-C.A., D.G.B., F.d.C.-N.)Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (P.H.M., G.E.O.)The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (K.S.M., J.W.); andInstitute de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), UMR 5089-205, 31077 Toulouse, France (M.E.)
| | - David G Barker
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions (LIPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, UMR 2594), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA, UMR 441), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (M.R.C., L.F., A.K., J.F., M.-C.A., D.G.B., F.d.C.-N.)Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (P.H.M., G.E.O.)The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (K.S.M., J.W.); andInstitute de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), UMR 5089-205, 31077 Toulouse, France (M.E.)
| | - Giles E Oldroyd
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions (LIPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, UMR 2594), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA, UMR 441), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (M.R.C., L.F., A.K., J.F., M.-C.A., D.G.B., F.d.C.-N.)Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (P.H.M., G.E.O.)The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (K.S.M., J.W.); andInstitute de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), UMR 5089-205, 31077 Toulouse, France (M.E.)
| | - Fernanda de Carvalho-Niebel
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions (LIPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, UMR 2594), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA, UMR 441), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France (M.R.C., L.F., A.K., J.F., M.-C.A., D.G.B., F.d.C.-N.)Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (P.H.M., G.E.O.)The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (K.S.M., J.W.); andInstitute de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), UMR 5089-205, 31077 Toulouse, France (M.E.)
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Ye YJ, Xiao YY, Han YC, Shan W, Fan ZQ, Xu QG, Kuang JF, Lu WJ, Lakshmanan P, Chen JY. Banana fruit VQ motif-containing protein5 represses cold-responsive transcription factor MaWRKY26 involved in the regulation of JA biosynthetic genes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23632. [PMID: 27004441 PMCID: PMC4804309 DOI: 10.1038/srep23632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Most harvested fruits and vegetables are stored at low temperature but many of them are highly sensitive to chilling injury. Jasmonic acid (JA), a plant hormone associated with various stress responses, is known to reduce chilling injury in fruits. However, little is known about the transcriptional regulation of JA biosynthesis in relation to cold response of fruits. Here, we show the involvement of a Group I WRKY transcription factor (TF) from banana fruit, MaWRKY26, in regulating JA biosynthesis. MaWRKY26 was found to be nuclear-localized with transcriptional activation property. MaWRKY26 was induced by cold stress or by methyl jasmonate (MeJA), which enhances cold tolerance in banana fruit. More importantly, MaWRKY26 transactivated JA biosynthetic genes MaLOX2, MaAOS3 and MaOPR3 via binding to their promoters. Further, MaWRKY26 physically interacted with a VQ motif-containing protein MaVQ5, and the interaction attenuated MaWRKY26-induced transactivation of JA biosynthetic genes. These results strongly suggest that MaVQ5 might act as a repressor of MaWRKY26 in activating JA biosynthesis. Taken together, our findings provide new insights into the transcriptional regulation of JA biosynthesis in response to cold stress and a better understanding of the molecular aspects of chilling injury in banana fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Key Laboratory for Postharvest Science, College of Horticultural Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yun-Yi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Key Laboratory for Postharvest Science, College of Horticultural Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yan-Chao Han
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Key Laboratory for Postharvest Science, College of Horticultural Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wei Shan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Key Laboratory for Postharvest Science, College of Horticultural Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhong-Qi Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Key Laboratory for Postharvest Science, College of Horticultural Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qun-Gang Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Key Laboratory for Postharvest Science, College of Horticultural Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jian-Fei Kuang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Key Laboratory for Postharvest Science, College of Horticultural Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wang-Jin Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Key Laboratory for Postharvest Science, College of Horticultural Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Prakash Lakshmanan
- Sugar Research Australia, 50 Meiers Road, Indooroopilly, Brisbane 4068, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jian-Ye Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Key Laboratory for Postharvest Science, College of Horticultural Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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