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Mazumder K, Voit B, Banerjee S. Recent Progress in Sulfur-Containing High Refractive Index Polymers for Optical Applications. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:6253-6279. [PMID: 38371831 PMCID: PMC10870412 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The development in the field of high refractive index materials is a crucial factor for the advancement of optical devices with advanced features such as image sensors, optical data storage, antireflective coatings, light-emitting diodes, and nanoimprinting. Sulfur plays an important role in high refractive index applications owing to its high molar refraction compared to carbon. Sulfur exists in multiple oxidation states and can exhibit various stable functional groups. Over the last few decades, sulfur-containing polymers have attracted much attention owing to their wide array of applications governed by the functional group of sulfur present in the polymer repeat unit. The interplay of refractive index and various other polymer properties contributes to successfully implementing a specific polymer material in optical applications. The focus on developing optoelectronic devices induced an ever-increasing need to integrate different functional materials to achieve the devices' full potential. Several devices that see the potential use of sulfur in high refractive index materials are reviewed in the study. Like sulfur, selenium also exhibits high molar refraction and unique chemical properties, making it an essential field of study. This review covers the research and development in the field of sulfur and selenium in different forms of functionality, focusing on the chemistry of bonding and the optical properties of the polymers containing the heteroatoms mentioned above. The strategy and rationale behind incorporating heteroatoms in a polymer matrix to produce high-refractive-index materials are also described in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajari Mazumder
- Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanta Banerjee
- Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
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Mazumder K, Bittrich E, Voit B, Banerjee S. Sulfur-Rich Polyimide/TiO 2 Hybrid Materials with a Tunable Refractive Index. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:43236-43242. [PMID: 38024668 PMCID: PMC10653067 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
High refractive index (RI) polyimide/titania nanoparticle hybrid materials were synthesized and characterized in this study. The polyimide synthesis took place via the conventional polycondensation process following the preparation of poly(amic acid), and the nanoparticles were incorporated using an in situ sol-gel process. Thin films of the polyimide/titania nanoparticle hybrids were prepared by optimizing the coating conditions using a spin coater. Thermal imidization of the nanoparticle containing poly(amic acid) films on Si wafers was completed in a temperature-controlled drying oven under a N2 atmosphere. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the successful formation of inorganic bonds as well as imide linkages, and transmission electron microscopy results show well-dispersed nanocrystalline TiO2 nanoparticles of around 5 nm in the polymer matrix. Thorough optimization of the reaction time and concentration of TiO2 precursors enabled to achieve a titania content as high as 30% (wt). The RI of the resultant hybrid materials was found to be tunable according to the titania content, while the RI increased linearly with increasing titania content. A homogeneous hybrid material with a very high RI of 1.84 at 589 nm was achieved in this work for 30% (wt) TiO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajari Mazumder
- Materials
Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology
Kharagpur, Kharagpur − 721302, India
- Leibniz-Institut
für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Eva Bittrich
- Leibniz-Institut
für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut
für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Chair
Organic Chemistry of Polymers, Technische
Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanta Banerjee
- Materials
Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology
Kharagpur, Kharagpur − 721302, India
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Sribala G, Meenarathi B, Parthasarathy V, Anbarasan R. Evaluation of physicochemical properties and catalytic activity of poly(PMDAH-co-ODA/PPDA) nanocomposites towards the removal of toxic pollutants. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 271:129890. [PMID: 33736206 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of Polyimides (PIs) between pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDAH) and oxydianiline (ODA) or p-phenylenediamine (PPDA) in the presence and absence of V2O5 and Ag nanoparticles (NPs) were carried out under N2 atmosphere at 160 °C for 5 h with vigorous stirring in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) solvent. The prepared PI and its nanocomposites were analyzed by FT-IR spectroscopy, 1H NMR spectroscopy, FE-SEM, SEM, DSC and TGA like analytical instruments. The FE-SEM showed various surface morphologies for different PI nanocomposites. The particle size of the prepared nanoparticles was calculated as less than 60 nm for Ag and 15 nm for V2O5 nanoparticles by HR-TEM. The PI nanocomposites embedded with Ag nanoparticles (P2 and P5) showed a higher thermal stability than the pristine PIs (P1 and P4) and PI/V2O5 nanocomposites (P3 and P6). Further, the possible application of metal (Ag) and metal oxide (V2O5) NPs embedded PI nanocomposites was assessed on the catalytic reduction of highly toxic Cr(VI), Rhodamine 6G (R6G) dye and p-nitrophenol (NiP) pollutants with the help of a reducing agent (NaBH4). The apparent rate constant (kapp) values were calculated to assess the catalytic efficiency of the prepared PI and its nanocomposites. The PI/Ag nanocomposite (P2) system showed an efficient catalytic reduction than the other systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindharajan Sribala
- Department of Polymer Technology, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai, 625 701, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Balakrishnan Meenarathi
- Department of Polymer Technology, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai, 625 701, Tamilnadu, India
| | | | - Ramasamy Anbarasan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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Huang C, Liu Y. Preparation of Meldrum's acid‐functionalized polyimides exhibiting organo‐soluble, reactive, self‐crosslinkable, and colorless features. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chien‐Ho Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Ying‐Ling Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan
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Abstract
AbstractPolyimides, high-performance polymers with superior properties such as high temperature stability, resistance to solvents and high strength, can be used in high-tech applications of the aerospace and aviation, medical or electronics industry in different forms (film, fiber, nanofiber, membrane, foam, adhesive or coating). Among these applications, coating has a special place and is used to develop advanced structures having high temperature resistance, flame retardancy and etc. for high tech industries via an economical and feasible way. Therefore, in this review, we aimed to report the broad application status of polyimide coatings by reviewing publications, patents and commercial products. Thus, this study can assist in selecting suitable polyimide types and production methods for polyimide coating applications and in understanding their applicability for future products.
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Mutlu H, Döpping DA, Huber B, Theato P. Elemental Sulfur Mediated Novel Multicomponent Redox Polycondensation for the Synthesis of Alternating Copolymers Based on 2,4-Thiophene/Arene Repeating Units. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2000695. [PMID: 33496021 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A sulfur-based self-condensation method is investigated as an efficient tool for the synthesis of polythiophene derivatives. The reaction proceeds through multicomponent redox polycondensation between readily available diketone compounds and elemental sulfur in the presence of a Brønsted acid/base pair. Six different diketone derivatives have been screened and the polymerization is generalized by the synthesis of so-far-unprecedented alternating copolymers based on 2,4-thiophene/arene repeating units. By exploiting microwave heating the synthetic procedure is optimized, particularly for alternating copolymers containing aryl and thiophene units, such that a copolymer can be synthesized in only 24 h compared to the conventional process taking 6 d, yielding polymers within the same apparent weight average molar mass (Mw ). All obtained copolymers are analyzed in detail using size exclusion chromatography (SEC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR), thermal gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Mutlu
- Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory, Institute for Biological Interfaces 3 (IBG 3), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, D-76344, Germany
| | - Daniel A Döpping
- Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory, Institute for Biological Interfaces 3 (IBG 3), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, D-76344, Germany
| | - Birgit Huber
- Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory, Institute for Biological Interfaces 3 (IBG 3), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, D-76344, Germany
| | - Patrick Theato
- Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory, Institute for Biological Interfaces 3 (IBG 3), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, D-76344, Germany.,Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr.18, Karlsruhe, D-73131, Germany
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Budy SM, Rose J, Gibson C, Son DY. Synthesis, characterization and nanoparticle formation of polyarylene poly(amic acid)s and polyimides containing fluorescent dye moieties. POLYM INT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Budy
- Department of Chemistry Southern Methodist University Dallas TX USA
| | - Joseph Rose
- Department of Chemistry Southern Methodist University Dallas TX USA
| | - Corinne Gibson
- Department of Chemistry Southern Methodist University Dallas TX USA
| | - David Y Son
- Department of Chemistry Southern Methodist University Dallas TX USA
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Wang P, Linares-Pastén JA, Zhang B. Synthesis, Molecular Docking Simulation, and Enzymatic Degradation of AB-Type Indole-Based Polyesters with Improved Thermal Properties. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:1078-1090. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Centre of Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Javier A. Linares-Pastén
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Baozhong Zhang
- Centre of Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 22100 Lund, Sweden
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Ionic liquid embedded polyimides with ultra-foldability, ultra-flexibility, ultra-processability and superior optical transparency. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Balasubramanian R, Fathima Rigana MI, Thirukumaran P, Atchudan R, Sarojadevi M, Lee J. Synthesis and properties of polytriazoleimide containing anthracene, pyridine and 1, 2, 3-triazole groups and their nanocomposites with titanium dioxide. POLYM ENG SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.24878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Periyasamy Thirukumaran
- Department of Chemical engineering; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan Gyeongsanbuk-do South Korea
| | - Raji Atchudan
- Department of Chemical engineering; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan Gyeongsanbuk-do South Korea
| | | | - Jaewoong Lee
- Department of Fiber System engineering; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan Gyeongsanbuk-do South Korea
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Jessop IA, Tagle LH, Coll D, Ortiz P, Pérez G, Terraza CA, Tundidor-Camba A. Oligomeric poly(ether-imide)s bearing ortho
trifluoromethyl groups: Solubility, thermal studies, and optical properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio A. Jessop
- Laboratorio de Materiales Orgánicos y Poliméricos, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad de Tarapacá, Av. General Velásquez 1775, Box 7-D; Arica Chile
| | - Luis Hernán Tagle
- Research Laboratory for Organic Polymers (RLOP), Department of Organic Chemistry; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, P.O. Box 306, Post 22; Santiago Chile
| | - Deysma Coll
- Núcleo de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad Mayor; Santiago Chile
| | - Pablo Ortiz
- Núcleo de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias; Universidad Mayor; Santiago Chile
| | - Germán Pérez
- Research Laboratory for Organic Polymers (RLOP), Department of Organic Chemistry; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, P.O. Box 306, Post 22; Santiago Chile
| | - Claudio A. Terraza
- Research Laboratory for Organic Polymers (RLOP), Department of Organic Chemistry; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, P.O. Box 306, Post 22; Santiago Chile
| | - Alain Tundidor-Camba
- Research Laboratory for Organic Polymers (RLOP), Department of Organic Chemistry; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, P.O. Box 306, Post 22; Santiago Chile
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Magnetic and Heat Resistant Poly(imide-ether) Nanocomposites Derived from Methyl Rich 9H-xanthene: Synthesis and Characterization. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-018-2094-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Susa A, Bose RK, Grande AM, van der Zwaag S, Garcia SJ. Effect of the Dianhydride/Branched Diamine Ratio on the Architecture and Room Temperature Healing Behavior of Polyetherimides. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:34068-34079. [PMID: 27960394 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b10433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Traditional polyetherimides (PEIs) are commonly synthesized from an aromatic diamine and an aromatic dianhydride (e.g., 3,4'-oxidianiline (ODA) and 4,4'-oxidiphtalic anhydride (ODPA)) leading to the imide linkage and outstanding chemical, thermal and mechanical properties yet lacking any self-healing functionality. In this work, we have replaced the traditional aromatic diamine by a branched aliphatic fatty dimer diamine (DD1). This led to a whole family of self-healing polymers not containing reversible chemical bonds, capable of healing at (near) room temperature yet maintaining very high elastomeric-like mechanical properties (up to 6 MPa stress and 570% strain at break). In this work, we present the effect of the DD1/ODPA ratio on the general performance and healing behavior of a room temperature healing polyetherimide. A dedicated analysis suggests that healing proceeds in three steps: (i) an initial adhesive step leading to the formation of a relatively weak interface; (ii) a second step at long healing times leading to the formation of an interphase with different properties than the bulk material and (iii) disappearance of the damaged zone leading to full healing. We argue that the fast interfacial adhesive step is due to van der Waals interactions of long dangling alkyl chains followed by an interphase formation due to polymer chain interdiffusion. An increase in DD1/ODPA ratio leads to an increase in the healing kinetics and displacement shift of the first healing step toward lower temperatures. An excess of DD1 leads to the cross-linking of the polymer thereby restricting the necessary mobility for the interphase formation and limiting the self-healing behavior. The results here presented offer a new route for the development of room temperature self-healing thermoplastic elastomers with improved mechanical properties using fatty dimer diamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Susa
- Novel Aerospace Materials group, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology , Kluyverweg 1, 2629 HS, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - R K Bose
- Novel Aerospace Materials group, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology , Kluyverweg 1, 2629 HS, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - A M Grande
- Novel Aerospace Materials group, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology , Kluyverweg 1, 2629 HS, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - S van der Zwaag
- Novel Aerospace Materials group, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology , Kluyverweg 1, 2629 HS, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - S J Garcia
- Novel Aerospace Materials group, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology , Kluyverweg 1, 2629 HS, Delft, The Netherlands
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Belgacem C, Medimagh R, Kricheldorf H, Ben Romdhane H, Chatti S. Copolyethersulfones of 1,4:3,6-dianhydrohexitols and bisphenol A. Des Monomers Polym 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2015.1136531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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15
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Liu J, Chen G, Fang X. Synthesis and characterization of high performance poly(thioether imide)s via aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction of isomeric AB-type monomers. Polym Bull (Berl) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-015-1465-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Balasubramanian R, Kumutha K, Sarojadevi M. Mechanical, thermal and electrical properties of polyimides containing 1, 2, 3-triazole ring prepared by click reaction. Polym Bull (Berl) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-015-1488-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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17
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Thiruvasagam P, Hari N. Design, synthesis, characterization, and applications of diol monomers, polyimides, and co-polyimides. Des Monomers Polym 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2015.1041074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P. Thiruvasagam
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N. Hari
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
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18
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Synthesis and characterization of polyimides & co-polyimides derived from diol monomers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-015-0733-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Synthesis, characterization, and properties of novel diol monomers and processable thermally stable polyimides. Colloid Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-014-3457-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Gao Y, Zhou Y, He M, Wang H, Cui Y, Zhang T. Synthesis and characterization of fluorinated polyimides derived from 1,4-bis-[4-amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)-phenoxy] benzene/tetrafluoride benzene. Des Monomers Polym 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2014.907615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yuming Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Man He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Haiyun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yiping Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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Jain N, Tripathi SK, Nasim M. Preparation and Characterization of Aminopropylsilatrane Endcapped Polyimide Films. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2013.812089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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22
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Hu Q, Wu X, Zhou B, Meng F, Pan J. Preparation and properties of highly branched poly(urethane-imide)-epoxy cross-linked copolymer. Des Monomers Polym 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2013.867568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Hu
- Wuhan Nari Limited Liability Company, State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiong Wu
- Wuhan Nari Limited Liability Company, State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Baijie Zhou
- Wuhan Nari Limited Liability Company, State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Fanzhuo Meng
- Wuhan Nari Limited Liability Company, State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jilin Pan
- Wuhan Nari Limited Liability Company, State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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