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Kuranova NN, Pimenov OA, Zavalishin MN, Gamov GA. Complexes of Gold(III) with Hydrazones Derived from Pyridoxal: Stability, Structure, and Nature of UV-Vis Spectra. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5046. [PMID: 38732264 PMCID: PMC11084471 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25095046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Pyridoxal and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate are aldehyde forms of B6 vitamin that can easily be transformed into each other in the living organism. The presence of a phosphate group, however, provides the related compounds (e.g., hydrazones) with better solubility in water. In addition, the phosphate group may sometimes act as a binding center for metal ions. In particular, a phosphate group can be a strong ligand for a gold(III) ion, which is of interest for researchers for the anti-tumor and antimicrobial potential of gold(III). This paper aims to answer whether the phosphate group is involved in the complex formation between gold(III) and hydrazones derived from pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. The answer is negative, since the comparison of the stability constants determined for the gold(III) complexes with pyridoxal- and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-derived hydrazones showed a negligible difference. In addition, quantum chemical calculations confirmed that the preferential coordination of two series of phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated hydrazones to gold(III) ion is similar. The preferential protonation modes for the gold(III) complexes were also determined using experimental and calculated data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - George A. Gamov
- Department of General Chemical Technology, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Sheremetevskii pr. 7, Ivanovo 153000, Russia; (N.N.K.); (O.A.P.); (M.N.Z.)
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Anthony LA, Rajaraman D, Sundararajan G, Suresh M, Nethaji P, Jaganathan R, Poomani K. Synthesis, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis, DFT, molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation studies of (E)-2,6-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-4-(2-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)hydrazono)piperidine derivatives. J Mol Struct 2022; 1266:133483. [PMID: 35692554 PMCID: PMC9175251 DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A novel drug to treat SARS-CoV-2 infections and hydroxyl chloroquine analogue, (E)-2,6-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-4-(2-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)hydrazono)piperidine (BCMTP) compound has been synthesized in one pot reaction. The novel compound BCMTP has been characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction patterns. Crystal packing is stabilized by C8-H8A•••Cl10i, C41-H41•••Cl1ii and N1-H1A•••Cl6iii intermolecular hydrogen bonds. From the geometrical parameters, it is observed that the piperidine ring adopts chair conformation. Hirshfeld surface analysis was carried out to quantify the interactions and an interaction energy analysis was done to study the interactions between pairs of molecules. The geometrical structure was optimized by density functional theory (DFT) method at B3LYP/6-31G (d, p) as the basic set. The smaller binding energy value provides the higher reactivity of BCMTP compound than hydroxyl chloroquine and was corrected by high electrophilic and low nucleophilic reactions. The stability and charge delocalization of the molecule were also considered by natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. The HOMO-LUMO energies describe the charge transfer which takes place within the molecule. Molecular electrostatic potential has also been analysed. Molecular docking studies are implemented to analyse the binding energy of the BCMTP compound against standard drugs such as the crystal structure of ADP ribose phosphatase of NSP3 from SARS-CoV-2 in complex with MES and SARS-CoV-2 main protease with an unliganded active site (2019-nCoV, corona virus disease 2019, COVID-19) and found to be considered having better antiviral agents. Molecular dynamics simulation was performed for COVID-19 main protease (Mpro: 6WCF/6Y84) to understand the elements governing the inhibitory effect and the stability of interaction under dynamic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Athishu Anthony
- Department of Chemistry, St Joseph University, Dimapur, Nagaland 797 115, India
| | - D Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, St Joseph University, Dimapur, Nagaland 797 115, India
| | - G Sundararajan
- Department of Chemistry, Thanthai Hans Roever College (Autonomous), Perambalur 621220, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Suresh
- Department of Chemistry, AVS Arts and Science College, Salem, Tamil Nadu 603 110, India
| | - P Nethaji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Tamil Nadu 603 110, India
| | - R Jaganathan
- Laboratory of Biocrystallography and Computational Molecular Biology, Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, India
| | - Kumaradhas Poomani
- Laboratory of Biocrystallography and Computational Molecular Biology, Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, India
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Singh N, Aazam ES, Riaz U. Ultrasound-assisted polymerization of benzoquinone (BQ) with triphenylamine (TPA): comparison of computational and experimental studies. Polym Bull (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03384-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Data P, Pander P, Zassowski P, Mimaite V, Karon K, Lapkowski M, Grazulevicius J, Slepski P, Darowicki K. Electrochemically Induced Synthesis of Triphenylamine-based Polyhydrazones. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.01.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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