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Catalano F, Brunelli M, Signori A, Rescigno P, Buti S, Galli L, Spada M, Masini C, Galuppini F, Vellone VG, Gaggero G, Maruzzo M, Merler S, Vignani F, Cavo A, Bimbatti D, Milella M, Dei Tos AP, Sbaraglia M, Murianni V, Damassi A, Cremante M, Maffezzoli M, Llaja Obispo MA, Banna GL, Fornarini G, Rebuzzi SE. Analyses of tumor microenvironment in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma receiving immunotherapy (Meet-URO 18 study). Future Oncol 2024:1-19. [PMID: 38682738 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2023-1068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The Meet-URO 18 study is a multicentric study of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma receiving nivolumab in the second-line and beyond, categorized as responders (progression-free survival ≥ 12 months) and non-responders (progression-free survival < 3 months). Areas covered: The current study includes extensive immunohistochemical analysis of T-lineage markers (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD8/CD4 ratio), macrophages (CD68), ph-mTOR, CD15 and CD56 expression on tumor cells, and PD-L1 expression, on an increased sample size including 161 tumor samples (113 patients) compared with preliminary presented data. Responders' tumor tissue (n = 90; 55.9%) was associated with lower CD4 expression (p = 0.014), higher CD56 expression (p = 0.046) and higher CD8/CD4 ratio (p = 0.030). Expert opinion/commentary: The present work suggests the regulatory role of a subpopulation of T cells on antitumor response and identifies CD56 as a putative biomarker of immunotherapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Catalano
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Matteo Brunelli
- Pathology Unit, Department of Diagnostics & Public Health, University & Hospital Trust of Verona, 37124, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessio Signori
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Section of Biostatistics, University of Genoa, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Pasquale Rescigno
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060, Candiolo, Italy
- Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Sebastiano Buti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Luca Galli
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Spada
- UOC Oncologia Medica, Istituto Fondazione G. Giglio, 90015, Cefalù, Italy
| | - Cristina Masini
- Medical Oncology Unit, Clinical Cancer Centre, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Francesca Galuppini
- Surgical Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Valerio Gaetano Vellone
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Integrated Surgical & Diagnostic Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Gaggero
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marco Maruzzo
- Oncology Unit 1, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV-IRCCS, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Sara Merler
- Section of Innovation Biomedicine-Oncology Area, Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine, University of Verona & Verona University & Hospital Trust, Verona, 37134, Italy
| | - Francesca Vignani
- Division of Medical Oncology, Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, 10128, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessia Cavo
- Oncology Unit, Villa Scassi Hospital, 16149, Genoa, Italy
| | - Davide Bimbatti
- Oncology Unit 1, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV-IRCCS, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Michele Milella
- Section of Innovation Biomedicine-Oncology Area, Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine, University of Verona & Verona University & Hospital Trust, Verona, 37134, Italy
| | - Angelo Paolo Dei Tos
- Surgical Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Marta Sbaraglia
- Surgical Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Veronica Murianni
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Damassi
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Malvina Cremante
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Michele Maffezzoli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Luigi Banna
- Department of Oncology, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, PO6 3LY, UK
- School of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 2UP, UK
| | - Giuseppe Fornarini
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sara Elena Rebuzzi
- Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale San Paolo, 17100, Savona, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine & Medical Specialties (Di.M.I.), University of Genoa, 16132, Genoa, Italy
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2
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Shi L, Yan W, Xu J, Li L, Cui J, Liu Y, Du C, Yu T, Zhang S, Sui W, Deng S, Xu Y, Zou D, Wang H, Qiu L, An G. Immunophenotypic profile defines cytogenetic stability and unveils distinct prognoses in patients with newly-diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). Ann Hematol 2024; 103:1305-1315. [PMID: 38049586 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05573-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Prognostic significance of multiple immune antigens in multiple myeloma has been well established. However, a level of uncertainty remains regarding the intrinsic relationship between immunophenotypes and cytogenetic stability and precise risk stratification. To address these unresolved issues, we conducted a study involving 1389 patients enrolled in the National Longitudinal Cohort of Hematological Diseases in China (NCT04645199). Our results revealed that the correlation between antigen expression and cytogenetics is more prominent than cytopenia or organ dysfunction. Most immune antigens, apart from CD38, CD138, and CD81, exhibit significant associations with the incidence of at least one cytogenetic abnormality. In turn, we identified CD138-low/CD27-neg as specific adverse immunophenotypic profile, which remaining independent impact on progression-free survival (HR, 1.49; P = 0.007) and overall survival (HR, 1.77; P < 0.001) even in the context of cytogenetics. Importantly, CD138-low/CD27-neg profile was also associated with inferior survival after first relapse (P < 0.001). Moreover, the antigen expression profiles were not strictly similar when comparing diagnosis and relapse; in particular, the CD138-low/CD27-neg pattern was notably increased after disease progression (19.1 to 29.1%; P = 0.005). Overall, our study demonstrates that diverse immune profiles are strongly associated with cytogenetic stability, and a specific immunophenotype (CD138-low/CD27-neg) could effectively predict prognoses across different disease stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Wenqiang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Jingyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Lingna Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Jian Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Yuntong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Chenxing Du
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Tengteng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Shuaishuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Weiwei Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Shuhui Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Dehui Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Huijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Lugui Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China.
| | - Gang An
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China.
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Su X, Zhu B, Qin L, Yang J, Wei L, Xu Z, Wei K, Wang J, Chen L, Zhao C, Chen C, Huang W, Xiong Y, Hu N. Joint fluid interleukin-6 combined with the neutral polymorphonuclear leukocyte ratio (PMN%) as a diagnostic index for chronic periprosthesis infection after arthroplasty. J Orthop Traumatol 2023; 24:34. [PMID: 37402969 DOI: 10.1186/s10195-023-00712-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains a challenge in clinical practice. Many novel serum and joint fluid biomarkers have important implications for the diagnosis of PJI. The presented study evaluated the value of joint fluid interleukin-6 (IL-6) combined with the neutral polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN%) ratio for chronic PJI diagnosis after arthroplasty. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty patients with chronic PJI or aseptic failure who underwent hip or knee revision from January 2018 to January 2020 in our department were included in this retrospective study. According to the 2013 MSIS diagnostic criteria, the 60 patients were divided into a PJI group and a non-PJI group (30 patients per group). We collected the joint fluid before surgery and determined the level of IL-6 and the PMN% by ELISA, and the differences between the two groups were compared. The diagnostic efficacy of joint fluid IL-6 combined with PMN% in chronic PJI was analyzed using a receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve). RESULTS The diagnosis of PJI using joint fluid IL-6 combined with PMN% presented an area under the curve of 0.983, which was more accurate than the areas under the curve for diagnosis using IL-6 and PMN% individually (0.901 and 0.914, respectively). The optimal threshold values for IL-6 and PMN% were 662.50 pg/ml and 51.09%, respectively. Their sensitivity and specificity were 96.67% and 93.33%, respectively. The accuracy of the diagnosis of PJI was 95.00%. CONCLUSIONS Joint fluid IL-6 combined with PMN% can be used as an auxiliary method to detect chronic infection around the prosthesis after hip/knee arthroplasty. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Patients who underwent hip/knee revision at the First Hospital of Chongqing Medical University for periprosthetic infection or aseptic failure of the prosthesis after hip/knee arthroplasty from January 2018 to January 2020 were included. Trial registration This study was approved by the ethics committee of the First Hospital of Chongqing Medical University on September 26, 2018 (local ethics committee number: 20187101) and registered with the China Clinical Trials Registry (registration number: ChiCTR1800020440) with an approval date of December 29, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Su
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Laboratory of Orthopedics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Laboratory of Orthopedics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Leilei Qin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Laboratory of Orthopedics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jianye Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Laboratory of Orthopedics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Laboratory of Orthopedics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhenghao Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Laboratory of Orthopedics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Keyu Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Laboratory of Orthopedics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Laboratory of Orthopedics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Laboratory of Orthopedics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Laboratory of Orthopedics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Laboratory of Orthopedics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Laboratory of Orthopedics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Ning Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- Laboratory of Orthopedics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Dual Negativity of CD56 and CD117 Links to Unfavorable Cytogenetic Abnormalities and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Multiple Myeloma. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11216524. [DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognostic value of CD56 and CD117 expression on myeloma cells is controversial. This study aims to analyze the correlation of CD56 and CD117 expression with cytogenetic abnormalities and survival. A total of 128 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) were recruited in this single-center retrospective study. Flow cytometry and FISH tests of marrow cells were performed for all of the subjects. The statistical methods included a chi-squared test, univariate and multivariate COX regressions, and a Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis. Regarding the cytogenetics, the incidence of IgH/FGFR3 translocation was more frequent in patients with a negative CD56 (p = 0.003). CD56 negativity was an independent adverse factor associated with a poor prognosis (p = 0.019) and indicated a shorter overall survival (OS) (p = 0.021). Patients with dual negative CD56 and CD117 trended toward a poorer OS (CD56−CD117− vs. CD56+CD117−, p = 0.011; CD56−CD117− vs. CD56+CD117+, p = 0.013). In conclusion, CD56 is a prognostic marker that independently affects OS and is associated with adverse cytogenetic abnormalities. Patients with a dual negativity of CD56 and CD117 have a worse clinical outcome.
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Gupta S, Master S, Graham C. Extramedullary Multiple Myeloma: A Patient-Focused Review of the Pathogenesis of Bone Marrow Escape. World J Oncol 2022; 13:311-319. [PMID: 36406195 PMCID: PMC9635794 DOI: 10.14740/wjon1521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplastic clonal proliferation of plasma cells, predominantly in the bone marrow. The presentation of MM in extramedullary tissue, particularly the liver, is uncommon with only a few reported cases in literature. We report a rare and unusual presentation of kappa light chain restricted MM with progression of disease to involve the liver. MM was initially diagnosed on bone marrow biopsy, initially treated with carfilzomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone, later changed to bortezomib, daratumumab and dexamethasone. There was subsequent progression with a new biopsy-proven myelomatous liver lesion. The patient could not receive high-dose chemotherapy due to multiple co-morbidities and extent of disease and eventually succumbed to her disease rapidly. This article emphasizes the poor prognosis of extramedullary involvement in MM and the pathogenic mechanisms by which it develops. Based on a review of the literature of other cases and case series of solitary or diffuse myeloma involvement in the liver, high-dose chemotherapy in combination with proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulators has the best success rate with less relapse and progressive disease in extramedullary myeloma. Our analysis concluded that the gain of CD44, loss of CD56, loss of very late antigen-4 (VLA-4), imbalance of the chemokine receptor-4-chemokine ligand-12 (CXCR4-CXCL12) axis, metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma 1 (MALAT1) upregulation, RAS pathway activation as well as 13q and 17p deletions show an increased propensity of malignant plasma cells to leave the bone marrow and hone in extramedullary sites giving rise to more aggressive extramedullary diseases. Targeted therapeutics such as CD44v-directed therapy and reactivation of p53 to wild-type conformation could potentially be evaluated as treatment options in the future to improve outcomes in this aggressive form of MM, especially in patients with advanced disease and limited treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Gupta
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Feist Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Samip Master
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Feist Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Christopher Graham
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Feist Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
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Allegra A, Casciaro M, Lo Presti E, Musolino C, Gangemi S. Harnessing Unconventional T Cells and Innate Lymphoid Cells to Prevent and Treat Hematological Malignancies: Prospects for New Immunotherapy. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060754. [PMID: 35740879 PMCID: PMC9221132 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Unconventional T cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) make up a heterogeneous set of cells that characteristically show prompt responses toward specific antigens. Unconventional T cells recognize non-peptide antigens, which are bound and presented by diverse non-polymorphic antigen-presenting molecules and comprise γδ T cells, MR1-restricted mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAITs), and natural killer T cells (NKTs). On the other hand, ILCs lack antigen-specific receptors and act as the innate counterpart to the T lymphocytes found in the adaptive immune response. The alteration of unconventional T cells and ILCs in frequency and functionality is correlated with the onset of several autoimmune diseases, allergy, inflammation, and tumor. However, depending on the physio-pathological framework, unconventional T cells may exhibit either protective or pathogenic activity in a range of neoplastic diseases. Nonetheless, experimental models and clinical studies have displayed that some unconventional T cells are potential therapeutic targets, as well as prognostic and diagnostic markers. In fact, cell-mediated immune response in tumors has become the focus in immunotherapy against neoplastic disease. This review concentrates on the present knowledge concerning the function of unconventional T cell sets in the antitumor immune response in hematological malignancies, such as acute and chronic leukemia, multiple myeloma, and lymphoproliferative disorders. Moreover, we discuss the possibility that modulating the activity of unconventional T cells could be useful in the treatment of hematological neoplasms, in the prevention of specific conditions (such as graft versus host disease), and in the formulation of an effective anticancer vaccine therapy. The exact knowledge of the role of these cells could represent the prerequisite for the creation of a new form of immunotherapy for hematological neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Allegra
- Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, Division of Hematology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Marco Casciaro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-090-221-2013
| | - Elena Lo Presti
- National Research Council (CNR)—Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), 90146 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Caterina Musolino
- Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, Division of Hematology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
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7
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Cottini F, Rodriguez J, Hughes T, Sharma N, Guo L, Lozanski G, Liu B, Cocucci E, Yang Y, Benson D. Redefining CD56 as a biomarker and therapeutic target in Multiple Myeloma. Mol Cancer Res 2022; 20:1083-1095. [PMID: 35380709 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) cells aberrantly express surface antigens compared to normal plasma cells. Among others, CD56 is present at variable levels in approximately 70% of MM patients; however very little is known about CD56 role in MM. We demonstrated that MM patients with more than 10 percent of CD56-expressing clonal MM cells have inferior clinical outcomes. By gain-of and loss-of function models, we revealed that CD56 promotes MM cell growth, survival, and adhesion to stromal cells. These protumoral effects are induced by the activation of the RSK2/CREB1 signaling pathway, with increased mRNA and protein levels of the anti-apoptotic genes BCL2 and MCL1. Consequently, the genomic and pharmacological inhibition of RSK2 or CREB1 specifically induced MM cell death in CD56-expressing MM cells. Finally, we observed that CD56 signaling decreases CRBN expression, reducing responses to lenalidomide. RSK2 or CREB1 inhibition increased CRBN levels and were synergic with lenalidomide in inducing cell death, especially in CD56-expressing MM cells. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that CD56 promotes MM cell growth, and pave the way to novel therapies based on targeting CD56, along with the use of CD56 as a predictive biomarker for MM therapies. Implications: Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable, genetically heterogeneous disease, without available tailored therapeutic approaches. CD56 signaling promotes MM growth and adhesion, by activating CREB1 target genes, MCL1 and BCL2. Inhibition of CREB1 alone or in combination with lenalidomide is an unexplored synthetic lethal approach in CD56-expressing MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cottini
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jose Rodriguez
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Tiffany Hughes
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Nidhi Sharma
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Pathology, OhioHealth, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Gerard Lozanski
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Bei Liu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Emanuele Cocucci
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
- The Ohio State University, College of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Yiping Yang
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Don Benson
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
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