1
|
Haile RN, Abate BB, Kitaw TA. Predictors of late initiation of breastfeeding practice in Ethiopia: a multilevel mixed-effects analysis of recent evidence from EDHS 2019. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e081069. [PMID: 38604642 PMCID: PMC11015321 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify the predictors of late initiation of breastfeeding practice in Ethiopia. DESIGN Cross-sectional study design. SETTING Ethiopia. PARTICIPANTS A total of 1982 weighted samples of mothers with children aged under 24 months were included. OUTCOME MEASURE Late initiation of breastfeeding practice. RESULTS The prevalence of late breastfeeding initiation practice is 26.4% (95 CI 24.4 to 28.3). Being a young mother (15-24 years) (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) =1.66; 95 CI 1.06 to 2.62), no antenatal care (ANC) visit (AOR=1.45; 95 CI 1.04 to 2.02), caesarean section (AOR=4.79; 95 CI 3.19 to 7.21) and home delivery (AOR=1.53; 95 CI 1.14 to 2.06) were found to be the determinants of late initiation of breast feeding. CONCLUSION More than one-fourth of newborn children do not start breast feeding within the WHO-recommended time (first hour). Programmes should focus on promoting the health facility birth and increasing the ANC visits. Further emphasis should be placed on young mothers and those who deliver via caesarean section to improve the timely initiation of breast feeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ribka Nigatu Haile
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Biruk Beletew Abate
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Tegene Atamenta Kitaw
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Makwela MS, Mashaba RG, Ntimana CB, Seakamela KP, Maimela E. Barriers and enablers to exclusive breastfeeding by mothers in Polokwane, South Africa. Front Glob Womens Health 2024; 5:1209784. [PMID: 38414908 PMCID: PMC10897026 DOI: 10.3389/fgwh.2024.1209784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for six months, with the introduction of appropriate complementary feeding thereafter, and breastfeeding continuing for up to 2 years and beyond, is highly recommended. This could save the lives of up to 1.4 million children each year worldwide. Despite this, breastfeeding rates in South Africa remain sub-optimal, with the recommended target of 50% by the World Health Assembly (WHA) not being achieved. The study aimed to investigate the reasons influencing mothers' practice of exclusive breastfeeding in the Polokwane municipality of Limpopo province in South Africa. Methodology A cross-sectional health facility-based quantitative and descriptive survey was conducted using a validated-structured questionnaire administered to 146 mothers. The data was analyzed using STATA. Chi-square tests were used to determine the relationship between selected demographic variables and their reasons not to breastfeed exclusively. Results Although 94% of the mothers had initiated breastfeeding, at the time of data collection 8% had stopped. Of those who had stopped breastfeeding, 5% did so within one month of starting. Thirty- nine percent of mothers' breastfed exclusively, while 61% practiced mixed feeding. A positive association between exclusive breastfeeding practices and the age of the mother were observed, with older mothers more likely to breastfeed. The reasons mothers stopped breastfeeding were: the mother was ill (45%) or they returned to school or work (27%). Reasons for not breastfeeding were cited as: medical conditions, not enough milk, and infant refusal to breastfeed (33%). Mothers believe that HIV-positive women should breastfeed their infants (57%), and health workers were found to be the main source of HIV information to mothers (77%). Discussion Exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months was less practiced. Infant formula and solid foods were introduced at an early age, usually within the first month of breastfeeding. This study sheds light on factors influencing the early initiation of breastfeeding and the practice of EBF as practiced in Polokwane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maishataba Solomon Makwela
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa
| | - Reneilwe Given Mashaba
- DIMAMO Population Health Research Centre, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa
| | - Cairo Bruce Ntimana
- DIMAMO Population Health Research Centre, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa
| | - Kagiso Peace Seakamela
- DIMAMO Population Health Research Centre, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa
| | - Eric Maimela
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa
- DIMAMO Population Health Research Centre, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Haile RN, Abate BB, Kitaw TA. Spatial variation and determinants of delayed breastfeeding initiation in Ethiopia: spatial and multilevel analysis of recent evidence from EDHS 2019. Int Breastfeed J 2024; 19:10. [PMID: 38326812 PMCID: PMC10851470 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-024-00616-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the World Health Organization's firm recommendation to start breastfeeding during the first hour after delivery, nearly 54% of children in low- and middle-income countries are unable to initiate breastfeeding within the recommended time frame. Understanding the initiation of breastfeeding is essential for optimal child health and maternal well-being. METHODS This study was conducted using the recent Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) data (2019) on a weighted sample of 1982 Ethiopian mothers of children aged under 24 months. The data extraction was conducted between August 1 and 30, 2023. Delayed' initiation of breastfeeding is defined as failure to initiate breastfeeding within one hour after birth. STATA version 17 was used for non-spatial analysis. ArcGIS Pro and Sat Scan version 9.6 were used to map the visual presentation of delayed breastfeeding initiation. Global Moran's I was computed to determine whether delayed breastfeeding initiation is randomly distributed, clustered, or dispersed. Getis-Ord Gi* Spatial Statistics was done to identify significant spatial clusters of cold and hot spot areas. Multilevel mixed-effect logistic regression analysis was computed to identify determinants of delayed breastfeeding initiation. RESULTS The prevalence of delayed breastfeeding initiation is 26.4% (95% CI 24.4, 28.3). Significant clustering of delayed initiation of breastfeeding practice was found in the Somali region. Less clustering was identified in Northern Amhara, Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa. Being a young mother (15-24 years) (AOR 1.66; 95% CI 1.06, 2.62), no antenatal care (AOR 1.45; 95% CI 1.04, 2.02), cesarean section (AOR 4.79; 95% CI 3.19, 7.21) and home birth (AOR 1.53; 95% CI 1.14, 2.06) were found to be determinants of delayed initiation of breastfeeding. CONCLUSIONS In Ethiopia, delayed breastfeeding initiation is distributed non-randomly. Significant hotspot areas were identified in the eastern part of Ethiopia. Thus, deploying additional resources in high hotspot regions is recommended. Programs should focus on promoting health facility birth and increasing antenatal care visits. Further emphasis should be considered on supporting young mothers and those giving birth via cesarean section to improve timely breastfeeding initiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ribka Nigatu Haile
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia.
| | - Biruk Beletew Abate
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Tegene Atamenta Kitaw
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Oyedele OK. Correlates of non-institutional delivery to delayed initiation of breastfeeding in Nigeria: logit-decomposition and subnational analysis of population-based survey. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2023; 42:121. [PMID: 37932844 PMCID: PMC10629092 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00466-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have connected newborn delivery settings and modality to optimal breastfeeding, but how it influences untimely initiation, mostly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa is unknown. Hence, the role of home delivery on delay initiation of breastfeeding (DIBF) in Nigeria was investigated to inform evidence-based strategy for improved breastfeeding practice. METHODOLOGY This is a secondary analysis of births (11,469 home and 7632 facility delivery) by 19,101 reproductive age women in the 2018 NDHS. DIBF is the outcome, home birth is the exposure, and explanatory variables were classified as: socio-demographics, obstetrics and economic factors. Descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages) were reported, and bivariate (chi-square) analysis was carried out at 20% (p < 0.20) cutoff point. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the probability and significance of the outcome per place of birth. Multivariate decomposition further evaluated the endowment and coefficient effect contribution by independent factors to the outcome. Analysis was carried out at p < 0.05 (95% confidence level) on Stata. RESULTS 56.6% of mothers DIBF, with 37.1% and 19.5% from home and facility delivery, respectively. Home delivery (AOR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.17-1.52) increase the chance of DIBF by 34%, while DIBF probability reduces by 26% in facility delivery (AOR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.65-0.85). DIBF is 5 times more likely in caesarian section delivery (AOR = 5.10, 95% CI 4.08-6.38) compared to virginal birth in facility delivery. Skilled antenatal provider, parity and wealth are negatively associated with DIBF in home birth, while undesired pregnancy, rural residency, partial/no skin-to-skin contact and large child size positively influence DIBF in both home and facility delivery. Skilled antenatal provider (C = - 66.3%, p < 0.01) and skin-to-skin contact (C = - 60.6%, p < 0.001) contributed most to reducing the negative DIBF effect with 69% and 31% overall characteristics and coefficient effect component, respectively. DIBF is more likely in Bauchi and Sokoto but less likely in Bayelsa. CONCLUSIONS High DIBF prevalent in Nigeria was largely due to elevated rate of home birth, positively associated with DIBF. Caesarian section delivery though heightens the chance of DIBF in facility delivery. Strengthening utilization of skilled provider and skin-to-skin contact can eliminate two-third of the adverse DIBF effect and improve early initiation rate. Adopting this strategy will bridge home-facility delivery gap to achieve optimal breastfeeding practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oyewole K Oyedele
- International Research Centre of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology, Nigeria (IHVN), Abuja, FCT, Nigeria.
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nguyen TTT, Nishino K, Le LTH, Inthaphatha S, Yamamoto E. Strong Negative Association between Cesarean Delivery and Early Initiation of Breastfeeding Practices among Vietnamese Mothers-A Secondary Analysis of the Viet Nam Sustainable Development Goal Indicators on Children and Women Survey. Nutrients 2023; 15:4501. [PMID: 37960155 PMCID: PMC10647442 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) involves feeding a newborn with the mother's breast milk within the first hour of delivery. The prevalence of EIBF in Vietnam has recently shown a downward trend. The present study aimed to demonstrate the current prevalence of EIBF practices and identify factors associated with EIBF among Vietnamese mothers with children under 24 months of age. This study was a secondary analysis of data from the Viet Nam Sustainable Development Goal Indicators on Children and Women (SDGCW) survey 2020-2021. The study participants included 1495 mothers extracted from the SDGCW dataset. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were performed. The prevalence of EIBF practice was 25.5% among all mothers, 31.9% among vaginal-delivery mothers groups, and 9.0% among cesarean-section mothers groups. Factors negatively associated with EIBF were younger age (0.18 times), cesarean delivery (0.25 times), and absence of skin-to-skin contact with newborns immediately after birth (0.43 times). The prevalence of EIBF among Vietnamese mothers was found to be substantially low, especially among those who underwent cesarean delivery. EIBF should be promoted among younger mothers and those who underwent cesarean delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tam Thi Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (T.T.T.N.)
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen 250000, Vietnam
- Thai Nguyen General Hospital, Thai Nguyen 250000, Vietnam
| | - Kimihiro Nishino
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (T.T.T.N.)
| | | | - Souphalak Inthaphatha
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (T.T.T.N.)
| | - Eiko Yamamoto
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; (T.T.T.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Namuddu MG, Mukunya D, Nakibuuka V, Amulen E, Nantale R, Kiguli J. "It's just like a blood transfusion": perceptions on the use of donated breast milk in selected hospitals in central Uganda: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:901. [PMID: 37193959 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15648-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast milk is crucial for the nutritional and developmental milestones in the first two years of life. Uganda has recognized the need for a human milk bank as an opportunity that offers reliable and healthy milk to babies who lack access to their mothers. However, there is little information on the perceptions towards donated breast milk in Uganda. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of mothers, fathers, and health workers on the use of donated breast milk at Nsambya and Naguru hospitals in Kampala district, central Uganda. METHODS A qualitative descriptive study was conducted at Nsambya and Naguru hospitals in central Uganda. The study consisted of 8 focus group discussions (FGDs) of 6 participants each and 19 key informant interviews (KIIs) among mothers, fathers, and health workers. Participants were purposively selected. Data collected were transcribed, translated from Luganda to English, and analyzed using thematic analysis. All data were organized and managed in Nvivo version 12.0. RESULTS A total of 67 participants were involved in the study. Two main themes were identified: positive perceptions and negative perceptions. Participants linked donated breast milk to blood transfusion, believed it had nutrients comparable to the biological mother's milk, and thought it was an opportunity to avoid formula or cow milk and help babies that cannot access breast milk. However, the notable negative perceptions were; the feeling that donated breast milk is disgusting, could result in acquiring non-parental genes and traits, and that it was unsafe. Participants also feared that donated breast milk could be expensive and affect the bond between mother and child. CONCLUSION In summary, participants had positive perceptions about donated breast milk but were concerned about the potential side effects. Health workers should take extra precautions to ensure that donated breast milk is safe. The development of appropriate information and communication programs to sensitize the public about the benefits of donated breast milk will improve the uptake. Further research should focus on understanding the social-cultural beliefs regarding donated breast milk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Gorreth Namuddu
- School of Public Health, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - David Mukunya
- Department of Community and Public Health, Busitema University, Faculty of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 1460, Mbale, Uganda
- Department of Research, Nikao Medical Center, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Victoria Nakibuuka
- Department of Paediatrics, Nsambya Hospital, P.O. Box 7146, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Esther Amulen
- School of Public Health, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ritah Nantale
- Department of Community and Public Health, Busitema University, Faculty of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 1460, Mbale, Uganda
| | - Juliet Kiguli
- School of Public Health, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kusasira L, Mukunya D, Obakiro S, Kenedy K, Rebecca N, Ssenyonga L, Immaculate M, Napyo A. Prevalence and predictors of delayed initiation of breastfeeding among postnatal women at a tertiary hospital in Eastern Uganda: a cross-sectional study. Arch Public Health 2023; 81:56. [PMID: 37060009 PMCID: PMC10102688 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-023-01079-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rates for the delayed initiation of breastfeeding in Uganda remain unacceptably high between 30% and 80%. The reasons for this are not well understood. We aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors for the delayed initiation of breastfeeding in Eastern Uganda. METHODS This study employed a cross-sectional study design. A total of 404 mother-infant pairs were enrolled onto the study between July and November, 2020 at Mbale regional referral hospital (MRRH). They were interviewed on socio-demographic related, infant-related, labour and delivery characteristics using a structured questionnaire. We estimated adjusted odds ratios using multivariable logistic regression models. All variables with p < 0.25 at the bivariate level were included in the initial model at the multivariate analysis. All variables with p < 0.1 and those of biological or epidemiologic plausibility (from previous studies) were included in the second model. The variables with odds ratios greater than 1 were considered as risk factors; otherwise they were protective against the delayed initiation of breastfeeding. RESULTS The rate of delayed initiation of breastfeeding was 70% (n = 283/404, 95% CI: 65.3 - 74.4%). The factors that were associated with delayed initiation of breastfeeding were maternal charateristics including: being single (AOR = 0.37; 95%CI: 0.19-0.74), receiving antenatal care for less than 3 times (AOR = 1.85, 95%CI: 1.07-3.19) undergoing a caesarean section (AOR = 2.07; 95%CI: 1.3-3.19) and having a difficult labour (AOR = 2.05; 95%CI: 1.25-3.35). Infant characteristics included: having a health issue at birth (AOR = 9.8; 95%CI: 2.94-32.98). CONCLUSIONS The proportion of infants that do not achieve early initiation of breastfeeding in this setting remains high. Women at high risk of delaying the initiation of breastfeeding include those who: deliver by caesarean section, do not receive antenatal care and have labour difficulties. Infants at risk of not achieving early initiation of breastfeeding include those that have a health issue at birth. We recommend increased support for women who undergo caesarean section in the early initiation of breastfeeding. Breastfeeding support can be initiated in the recovery room after caesarean delivery or in the operating theatre. The importance of antenatal care attendance should be emphasized during health education classes. Infants with any form of health issue at birth should particularly be given attention to ensure breastfeeding is initiated early.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loyce Kusasira
- Department of Nursing, Busitema University Faculty of Health Sciences, P.O. BOX 236, Mbale, Tororo, Uganda
| | - David Mukunya
- Department of Community and Public Health, Busitema University Faculty of Health Sciences, P.O. BOX 236, Mbale, Tororo, Uganda
- Sanyu Africa Research Institute, P.O BOX 2190, Mbale, Uganda
| | - Samuel Obakiro
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Busitema University Faculty of Health Sciences, P.O. BOX 236, Mbale, Tororo, Uganda
| | - Kiyimba Kenedy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Busitema University Faculty of Health Sciences, P.O. BOX 236, Mbale, Tororo, Uganda
| | - Nekaka Rebecca
- Department of Community and Public Health, Busitema University Faculty of Health Sciences, P.O. BOX 236, Mbale, Tororo, Uganda
| | - Lydia Ssenyonga
- Department of Nursing, Busitema University Faculty of Health Sciences, P.O. BOX 236, Mbale, Tororo, Uganda
| | - Mbwali Immaculate
- Department of Nursing, Busitema University Faculty of Health Sciences, P.O. BOX 236, Mbale, Tororo, Uganda
| | - Agnes Napyo
- Department of Community and Public Health, Busitema University Faculty of Health Sciences, P.O. BOX 236, Mbale, Tororo, Uganda.
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Uganda Martyrs University, P.O. Box 5498, Kampala, Uganda.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Biset G, Ameha K, Hailu A, Kibret Y. Breastfeeding Practice of Children Age Less than Two Years in South Wollo Zone, Northeast Ethiopia. Matern Child Health J 2023; 27:1107-1113. [PMID: 37029893 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-023-03653-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suboptimal breastfeeding causes substantial numbers of child morbidity and mortality in Ethiopia. This study was designed to assess suboptimal breastfeeding practice and its associated factors among children age less than two years in South Wollo, northeast Ethiopia. METHOD A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 636 women-child pairs. The study participants were selected by a multi sage random sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire, then it was entered into Epi-Data version 3.1, and exported into SPSS version 24.0 for analysis. A Binary Logistic Regression Model with a backward elimination method was used to determine the association of factors and suboptimal breastfeeding practice of babies at a 95% confidence interval. RESULT Six hundred and thirty-six participants were included with a response rate of 99.7%. The study showed that 36.3% babies age less than 2 years were received suboptimal breastfeeding. Cesarean delivery [AOR: 8.81; 95% CI (4.92-15.77)], lack of breastfeeding counseling [AOR: 3.22; 95% CI (1.93-5.36)], maternal feeding less than 5 times/day during breastfeeding [AOR: 2.01; 95% CI (1.20-3.34)], child health problems [AOR: 3.57; 95%CI (2.17-5.85)], and babies age less than 6 months [AOR:1.92; 95%CI (1.24-2.97)] were positively associated with suboptimal breastfeeding practice. CONCLUSION Suboptimal breastfeeding practice is highly prevalent in Ethiopia. Health service-related and socio-cultural factors were associated with the high prevalence of suboptimal breastfeeding practice. Emphasis should be given to the breastfeeding practices of children age less than years in Ethiopia. Moreover, counseling regarding the importance of breastfeeding practices should be strengthened.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gebeyaw Biset
- Department of Paediatric and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
| | - Kibret Ameha
- Public Health Department, Dessie Health Science College, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Awraris Hailu
- College of Health Sciences, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| | - Yohannes Kibret
- Public Health Department, Dessie Health Science College, Dessie, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhan J, Huang N, Meng N, Qiu Y, Zhu Y, Xu Y, Chen X. Lactation prescription plus acupoint stimulation improves breastfeeding quality and alleviates breast tenderness in parturients undergoing cesarean section. Am J Transl Res 2023; 15:539-547. [PMID: 36777860 PMCID: PMC9908465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This retrospective study primarily discusses the influence of lactation prescription plus acupoint stimulation on breastfeeding quality and breast tenderness of parturients after cesarean section (CS). METHODS First, 149 parturients presented between July 2018 and July 2021 for CS were selected, including 74 cases (test group) treated with lactation prescription plus acupoint stimulation and 75 cases (control group) intervened by routine western medicine nursing intervention. The breastfeeding status, milk yield at 48 hours postpartum, breast tenderness (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS), neonatal weight at 42 days after delivery, and laboratory indexes (white blood cell count, WBC; adrenocorticotropin, ACTH; prolactin, PRL) were compared between the two cohorts. Finally, multivariate analysis was carried out using the logistic regression model to identify factors leading to low milk production in mothers 48 hours after CS. RESULTS The test group was observed with a higher exclusive breastfeeding rate, higher milk yield at 48 hours postpartum, and milder breast tenderness (lower VAS score) than the control group. Higher neonatal weight at 42 days postpartum was also determined in the test group versus the control group. Moreover, the PRL at 3 days postpartum in the test group was statistically higher than that prenatal and at 1 day postpartum and the control group; markedly elevated WBC and reduced ACTH were observed at 1 d and 3 d postpartum compared with the prenatal, but no significant differences were identified between the test and control groups. According to the Logistic regression analysis, breast tenderness (P=0.009) was an independent risk factor for low lactation in mothers at 48 hours after CS. CONCLUSION Lactation prescription plus acupoint stimulation has a positive effect on improving the breastfeeding quality of parturients after CS and relieving breast tenderness, which is worth promoting clinically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinlai Zhan
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Nan Huang
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Ning Meng
- Department of Nail and Breast Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yafen Qiu
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yin Zhu
- Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yiran Xu
- Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xiangjun Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lucha TA, Mengistu AK. Factors associated with early initiation of breastfeeding among children less than 24 months old: the 2019 Ethiopian mini demographic and health survey. Arch Public Health 2022; 80:164. [PMID: 35794649 PMCID: PMC9258214 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-022-00920-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The world Health Organization recommended that all mothers be supported to initiate breastfeeding as soon as possible after birth, within the first hour. This study examined the determinants of early initiation of breastfeeding in Ethiopia by using data from the 2019 Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey. Methods The data for this study was extracted from the 2019 Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey. A total of 1948 children aged less than 24 months at the time of the survey were included for analysis from the nine regional states and two city administrations. The analysis was carried out in STATA Version 14.2 software using survey commands to account for the complex sample design and apply sampling weights. A manual backward stepwise elimination approach was applied. Result The prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding in Ethiopia was noted to be 75.2% [95% CI (71.9, 78.5%)]. In the multivariable analysis, mothers who had vaginal deliveries [AOR = 3.02 (95% CI: 1.55, 5.88)] had 3 times higher odds practicing early initiation of breastfeeding compared to mothers who had a cesarian section. Mothers aged between 35 and 49 years [AOR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.20, 4.49] had 2.4 times higher odds of practicing early initiation of breastfeeding compared to mothers aged below 20 years. In addition, early initiation of breastfeeding was also associated with the region where mothers resided, in particular mothers in Amhara and Somali region, had lower odds of practicing early initiation of breastfeeding as compared with mothers residing in Tigray region. Conclusion Early initiation of breastfeeding in Ethiopia was found to be significantly associated with mode of delivery, mother’s age, and region. As a result, raising awareness about early initiation of breastfeeding is especially important for mothers who have had a cesarean section, which could be accomplished with the help of the health extension workforce.
Collapse
|
11
|
Modeling spatial determinants of initiation of breastfeeding in Ethiopia: A geographically weighted regression analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273793. [PMID: 36107834 PMCID: PMC9477376 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The World Health Organization (WHO) encourages breastfeeding to begin within the first hour after birth in order to save children’s lives. In Ethiopia, different studies are done on the prevalence and determinants of breastfeeding initiation, up to our knowledge, the spatial distribution and the spatial determinants of breast feeding initiation over time are not investigated. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to assess spatial variation and its spatial determinant of delayed initiation of breastfeeding in Ethiopia using Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR). Methods A cross-sectional study was undertaken using the nationally representative 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) dataset. Global Moran’s I statistic was used to measure whether delayed breastfeeding initiation was dispersed, clustered, or randomly distributed in study area. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression was used to identify factors explaining the geographic variation in delayed breastfeeding initiation. Besides, spatial variability of relationships between dependent and selected predictors was investigated using geographically weighted regression. Result A total weighted sample of 4169 children of aged 0 to 23 months was included in this study. Delayed initiation of breastfeeding was spatially varies across the country with a global Moran’s I value of 0.158 at (p-value<0.01). The hotspot (high risk) areas were identified in the Amhara, Afar, and Tigray regions. Orthodox religion, poor wealth index, caesarian section, baby postnatal checkup, and small size of a child at birth were spatially significant factors for delayed breastfeeding initiation in Ethiopia. Conclusion In Ethiopia initiation of breastfeeding varies geographically across region. A significant hotspot was identified in the Amhara, Afar, and Tigray regions. The GWR analysis revealed that orthodox religion, poor wealth index, caesarian section, baby postnatal checkup, and small birth weight were spatially significant factors.
Collapse
|
12
|
Chitale R, Ferguson K, Talej M, Yang WC, He S, Edmond KM, Smith ER. Early Enteral Feeding for Preterm or Low Birth Weight Infants: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Pediatrics 2022; 150:188642. [PMID: 35921673 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2022-057092e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Early enteral feeding has been associated with adverse outcomes such as necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm and low birth weight infants. OBJECTIVES To assess effects of early enteral feeding initiation within the first days after birth compared to delayed initiation. DATA SOURCES Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL from inception to June 30, 2021. STUDY SELECTION Randomized trials (RCTs) were included. Primary outcomes were mortality, morbidity, growth, neurodevelopment, feed intolerance, and duration of hospitalization. DATA EXTRACTION Data were extracted and pooled with random-effects models. RESULTS We included 14 randomized controlled trials with 1505 participants in our primary analysis comparing early (<72 hours) to delayed (≥72 hours) enteral feeding initiation. Early initiation likely decreased mortality at discharge and 28 days (1292 participants, 12 trials, relative risk 0.69, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.48-0.99, moderate certainty evidence) and duration of hospitalization (1100 participants, 10 trials, mean difference -3.20 days, 95%CI -5.74 to -0.66, moderate certainty evidence). The intervention may also decrease sepsis and weight at discharge. Based on low certainty evidence, early feeding may have little to no effect on necrotizing enterocolitis, feed intolerance, and days to regain birth weight. The evidence is very uncertain regarding the effect of initiation time on intraventricular hemorrhage, length, and head circumference at discharge. CONCLUSIONS Enteral feeding within 72 hours after birth likely reduces the risk of mortality and length of hospital stay, may reduce the risk of sepsis, and may reduce weight at discharge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramaa Chitale
- The George Washington University, Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC
| | - Kacey Ferguson
- The George Washington University, Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC
| | - Megan Talej
- The George Washington University, Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC
| | - Wen-Chien Yang
- The George Washington University, Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC
| | - Siran He
- The George Washington University, Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC
| | - Karen M Edmond
- World Health Organization, Department of Maternal, Child, Adolescent Health and Aging, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Emily R Smith
- The George Washington University, Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Taha Z, Al Dhaheri AI, Wikkeling-Scott L, Ali Hassan A, Papandreou D. Determinants of Delayed Initiation of Breastfeeding: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study in Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirates. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159048. [PMID: 35897420 PMCID: PMC9331463 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
One of the best practices to reduce the risk of infant morbidity and mortality is the early initiation of breastfeeding, specifically within the first hour of birth, as the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends. Limited data exist on breastfeeding initiation and its related factors in the United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.). Therefore, the purpose of this research study was to evaluate and analyze the determinant factors associated with delayed initiation of breastfeeding among mothers with children aged <2 years old in a cross-sectional multicenter setting in Abu Dhabi, U.A.E. Seven governmental community and healthcare centers participated in the study from diverse geographic areas of Abu Dhabi. A trained female research assistant collected information from mothers with young children attending the centers. All participants were informed in detail about the purpose of the study and signed a written consent form. A total of 1610 mother−child pairs were included in the study. The mean (standard deviation) of maternal age and children’s age was 30.1 (5.1) years and 8.1 (5.9) months, respectively. Six hundred and four (604) (37.5%) reported delayed initiation of breastfeeding. Factors associated with delayed breastfeeding initiation were being of non-Arab nationality (adjusted odds ratio (A.O.R.) 1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03, 1.63), caesarean section (AOR 2.85, 95% CI 2.26, 3.58), non-rooming-in (AOR 2.82, 95% CI 1.53, 5.21), first birth order (AOR 1.34, 95% CI 1.07, 1.69), and mothers with low-birth-weight children (AOR 3.30, 95% CI 2.18, 4.99) as was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. In conclusion, approximately four out of ten mothers delayed initiation of breastfeeding for more than one hour after delivery. The results of this study call for urgent policy changes to improve the early initiation rates of breastfeeding mothers in the U.A.E.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Taha
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 144534, United Arab Emirates;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +971-2-5993111
| | - Aysha Ibrahim Al Dhaheri
- Abu Dhabi Public Health Centre, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 144534, United Arab Emirates; (A.I.A.D.); (A.A.H.)
| | - Ludmilla Wikkeling-Scott
- School of Community Health and Policy, Portage Campus, Morgan State University, 1700 E. Cold Spring Lane, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA;
| | - Ahmed Ali Hassan
- Abu Dhabi Public Health Centre, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 144534, United Arab Emirates; (A.I.A.D.); (A.A.H.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Sunderland SR1 3NX, UK
| | - Dimitrios Papandreou
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 144534, United Arab Emirates;
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Effect of maternal nutrition education on early initiation and exclusive breast-feeding practices in south Ethiopia: a cluster randomised control trial. J Nutr Sci 2022; 11:e37. [PMID: 35720173 PMCID: PMC9161038 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2022.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Optimal breast-feeding practices make a major contribution to the promotion of healthy growth and development through much prevention of diarrheal and respiratory diseases which majorly cause morbidity and mortality in under-five children. However, breast-feeding practices remain suboptimality in Ethiopia. Objective: The study objective was to determine the effect of maternal nutrition education on early initiation and exclusive breast-feeding practice in the Hawela Tulla sub-city. Methods: A cluster randomised, parallel-group, single-blinded trial was used. About 310 pregnant women (155 for the intervention group and 155 for the control group) were included. Result: An early initiation of breast-feeding was significantly higher among women who received breast-feeding education than those who did not receive (104(72·7 %) v. 85(59·9 %), P = 0·022) and exclusive breast-feeding practice was also significantly higher among women who received breast-feeding education than those who did not receive (106(74·1 %) v. 86(60·6 %), P = 0·015). Breast-feeding education [AORs 1·55, 95 % CI (1·02, 2·36)], institutional delivery [AOR 2·29, 95 % CI (1·21, 4·35)], vaginal delivery [AOR 2·85, 95 % CI (1·61, 5·41)] and pre-lacteal feeding [AOR 0·47, 95 % CI (0·25, 0·85)] were predictors of early initiation of breast-feeding. Breast-feeding education [AOR 1·72, 95 % CI (1·12, 2·64)] and institutional delivery [AOR 2·36, 95 % CI (1·28, 4·33)] were also determinants of exclusive breast-feeding practices. Conclusion: Breast-feeding education improved early initiation of breast-feeding and exclusive breast-feeding practices. Providing sustained education to women regarding early initiation and exclusive breast-feeding practice should be strengthened.
Collapse
|
15
|
Birhan TY, Alene M, Seretew WS, Taddese AA. Magnitude and determinants of breastfeeding initiation within one hour among reproductive women in Sub-Saharan Africa; evidence from demographic and health survey data: a multilevel study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1062. [PMID: 35624450 PMCID: PMC9145512 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13114-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early initiation of breastfeeding is one of the most simple and essential intervention for child development and survival in the world. World Health Organization recommended to begin breast milk with one hour after delivery. The objective of this study was to determine the magnitude of early initiation of breastfeeding in Sub-Saharan Africa using DHS data set. Methods This study was carried out within 32 Sub-Saharan African countries from 2010–2020, a pooled study of early initiation of breastfeeding was performed. For assessing model fitness and contrast, intra-class correlation coefficient, median odds ratio, proportional change in variance, and deviance were used. In order to identify possible covariates associated with early initiation of breastfeeding in the study area, the multilevel multivariable logistic regression model was adapted. Adjusted Odds Ratio was used with 95% confidence interval to declare major breastfeeding factors. Result The pooled prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding in Sub-Saharan Africa countries was 57% (95% CI; 56%—61%), the highest prevalence rate of early initiation of breastfeeding was found in Malawi while the lowest prevalence was found in Congo Brazzaville (24%). In multilevel multivariable logistic regression model; wealth index (AOR = 1.20; 95% CI 1.16 – 1.26), place of delivery (AOR = 1.97; 95% CI 1.89 – 2.05), skin-to-skin contact (AOR = 1.51; 95% CI 1.47 – 1.57), mode of delivery (AOR = 0.27; 95% CI 0.25 – 0.29), media exposure (AOR = 1.36; 95% CI 1.31 – 1.41) were significantly correlated with early initiation of breastfeeding in Sub-Saharan Africa. Conclusion The magnitude of early initiation of breastfeeding rate was low in Sub-Saharan Africa. Covariates significantly associated with early initiation of breastfeeding was wealth index, place of delivery, mode of delivery, women educational status, and media exposure. Structural improvements are required for women with caesarean births to achieve optimal breastfeeding practice in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tilahun Yemanu Birhan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
| | - Muluneh Alene
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Wullo Sisay Seretew
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Asefa Adimasu Taddese
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Factors Influencing Early Initiation of Breastfeeding in Healthy Term Newborns: A Cross-Sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Center in South India. Neonatal Netw 2022; 41:129-136. [PMID: 35644358 DOI: 10.1891/11-t-738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Despite well-known benefits, rates of exclusive breastfeeding and early initiation of breastfeeding are very low. This study was conducted to identify most important and easily modifiable barriers to Early Initiation of Breast Feeding (EIBF).Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2018 to December 2018. Data on factors which could impact EIBF was collected by interviewing with mothers using semi-structured questionnaire.Results: Only 306 (33.7 percent) of the total 908 mother-neonate dyads enrolled received breastfeeding within 1 hour of birth. Factors affecting EIBF included: delivery by lower segment cesarean section (LSCS), lack of prenatal advice on breastfeeding, use of prelacteal feeds, and maternal illness.Conclusion: Rates of EIBF were very low in present setting. Counseling during antenatal visits on the importance of EIBF, and having adequate staff to support initiation of BF, may improve the EIBF.
Collapse
|
17
|
Mary JJF, Sindhuri R, Kumaran AA, Dongre AR. Early initiation of breastfeeding and factors associated with its delay among mothers at discharge from a single hospital. Clin Exp Pediatr 2022; 65:201-208. [PMID: 34665960 PMCID: PMC8990951 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2021.00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the National Family Health Survey- 4, in India, 78.9% of deliveries occur in institutions, although only 42.6% of new mothers initiate breastfeeding within 1 hour of delivery. PURPOSE To estimate the proportion of early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) among new mothers at discharge from a tertiary care hospital and identify the determinants of delayed initiation of breastfeeding among them. METHODS This was a hospital-based analytical cross-sectional study of 108 new mothers. After obtaining Institutional Review Board approval and informed consent, we interviewed the new mothers on the day of discharge. Multivariate logistic regression was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 24. RESULTS The median breastfeeding initiation time was 90 minutes (interquartile range, 30-180 minutes). Overall, 43.5% of the mothers practiced EIBF, 77.4% practiced exclusive breastfeeding, and 43.5% were rooming in at discharge. Reasons for breastfeeding delays included extended recovery time from spinal anesthesia, maternal lassitude, and uncomfortable breastfeeding position due to post-cesarean pain. In the multivariate analysis, a birth weight less than 2,500 g (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 4.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-16.82; P=0.03), cesarean section delivery (aOR, 4.68; 95% CI, 1.57- 13.92; P=0.005), and mother's poor knowledge of breastfeeding (aOR, 4.61; 95% CI, 1.44-14.72; P=0.010) were more likely to delay the initiation of breastfeeding. CONCLUSION EIBF was practiced by less than half of the new mothers as determined by the cesarean section, baby's birth weight, and mothers' awareness of breastfeeding. Thus, it is vital to improve breastfeeding and nutritional counseling among mothers during the antenatal period and improve healthcare professionals' training to facilitate EIBF, even in circumstances such as cesarean section.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Jenifer Florence Mary
- Department of Community Medicine, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Puducherry, India
| | - R Sindhuri
- Department of Community Medicine, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Puducherry, India
| | - A Arul Kumaran
- Department of Pediatrics, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Puducherry, India
| | - Amol R Dongre
- Department of Extension Programmes, Pramukhswami Medical College, Bhaikaka University, Karamsad, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sultana F, Sheba IT. Factors Associated With Pre-Lacteal Feeding Practices Among Mothers Having Children Aged 0-36 Months in Bangladesh: Evidence From Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017-18. Glob Pediatr Health 2022; 9:2333794X221079550. [PMID: 35237714 PMCID: PMC8882935 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x221079550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite being a known barrier to optimal breast-feeding indicators, the practice
of Pre-lacteal Feeding (PLF) remains a key challenge in Bangladesh. This study
examines the prevalence and underlying factors associated with PLF, for which
data from a weighted sample of 4982 Bangladeshi mothers with children aged 0 to
36 months from the 2017-18 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey was used.
Step-by-step multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify the
association of significant determinants of PLF practices. Nearly 29% newborns
received PLF before breastmilk and timely initiation of breastfeeding did not
happen in case of 20.5% babies. The odds of PLF were significantly higher among
the inhabitants of Dhaka division compared to other regions. In addition,
birth-related factors such as optimal ANC visits (P < .01),
home delivery (P < .01) and delivered by cesarean section
(P < .01) showed significantly higher odds of
introducing PLF to the newborns. Our results demonstrated the need for
developing targeted policies and actions to prevent such practices of PLF in
order to improve optimal breastfeeding behavior in Bangladesh.
Collapse
|
19
|
Beyene GM, Azale T, Gelaye KA, Ayele TA. Effect of antenatal depression on the initiation of breastfeeding in South Gondar zone, Northwest Ethiopia: A population-based prospective cohort study. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08759. [PMID: 35079650 PMCID: PMC8777141 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delayed initiation of breastfeeding has been found to increase early neonatal morbidity, mortality, and impaired mother-infant bonding. However, there is no study that revealed the effect of antenatal depression on breastfeeding initiation in Ethiopia. This study aimed to see the effect of antenatal depression on the practice of initiation of breastfeeding among women in urban Ethiopia. METHODS The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was administered to 970 women in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy to screen for antenatal depression. Information was collected on initiation of breastfeeding of newborns and mother's socio-demographic, obstetric, clinical, psychosocial, and behavioral factors. A logistic regression model was used to adjust for the confounders and determine association between antenatal depression and initiation of breastfeeding. RESULTS The cumulative incidence of late initiation of breastfeeding (LIBF) was found to be 166 (18.34%). The cumulative incidence of LIBF in those born from depressed pregnant women was 37% as compared to 8.4% in nondepressed. Antenatal depression at the second and third trimester of pregnancy remained a potential predictor of late initiation of breastfeeding after adjusting for potential confounders (AOR = 6.42: (95% CI 3.72, 11.05)). A significant association was also seen between infants who were born by cesarean section, a complication of current pregnancy, inadequate ANC follow-up, lack of advice about the importance of early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF), home delivery, and low quartile of wealth index and late initiation of breastfeeding. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that screening for antenatal depression can help to identify women at risk for late initiation of breastfeeding. Health care providers shall have to give emphasis on the treatment of antenatal depression to benefit both the mother and the physical health, growth, and development of the fetus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Getnet Mihretie Beyene
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Telake Azale
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Kassahun Alemu Gelaye
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Awoke Ayele
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Appiah F, Ahinkorah BO, Budu E, Oduro JK, Sambah F, Baatiema L, Ameyaw EK, Seidu AA. Maternal and child factors associated with timely initiation of breastfeeding in sub-Saharan Africa. Int Breastfeed J 2021; 16:55. [PMID: 34281591 PMCID: PMC8287803 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-021-00402-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The probability of not breastfeeding within the first hour after delivery (timely initiation of breastfeeding) is particularly pronounced in sub-Saharan Africa. In this study, we examined the maternal and child factors associated with timely initiation of breastfeeding in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods We pooled data from 29 sub-Saharan African countries’ Demographic and Health Surveys conducted from 2010 to 2018. A total of 60,038 childbearing women were included. Frequencies, percentages, and binary logistic regression analyses were carried out. Binary logistic regression was used to examine the maternal and child factors associated with timely initiation of breastfeeding and the results were presented as adjusted odds ratios (aOR) at 95% confidence interval (CI). Results We found a prevalence of 55.81% of timely initiation of breastfeeding in the sub-region. The country with the highest prevalence of timely initiation of breastfeeding was Burundi (86.19%), whereas Guinea had the lowest prevalence (15.17%). The likelihood of timely initiation of breastfeeding was lower among married women, compared to never married women (aOR 0.91; 95% CI 0.85, 0.98); working women compared to non-working women (aOR 0.90; 95% CI 0.87, 0.93); women who watched television at least once a week, compared to those who never watched television (aOR 0.74; 95% CI 0.70, 0.78); women who delivered through caesarean section, compared to vaginal birth (aOR 0.30; 95% CI 0.27, 0.32); and those with multiple births, compared to those with single births (aOR 0.67; 95% CI 0.59, 0.76). Women who lived in Central Africa were less likely to initiate breastfeeding timely compared to those who lived in West Africa (aOR 0.80; 95% CI 0.75, 0.84). Conclusions The findings call for the need for a behavioural change communication programmes, targeted at timely initiation of breastfeeding, to reverse and close the timely initiation of breastfeeding gaps stratified by the maternal and child factors. Prioritising policies to enhance timely initiation of breastfeeding is needed, particularly among Cental African countries where timely initiation of breastfeeding remains a challenge. Sufficient supportive care, especially for mothers with multiple births and those who undergo caesarean section, is needed to resolve timely initiation of breastfeeding inequalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francis Appiah
- Department of Population and Health, College of Humanities and Legal Studies, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.,Berekum College of Education, Berekum, Bono Region, Ghana
| | - Bright Opoku Ahinkorah
- Faculty of Health, School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Eugene Budu
- Department of Population and Health, College of Humanities and Legal Studies, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Joseph Kojo Oduro
- Department of Population and Health, College of Humanities and Legal Studies, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Francis Sambah
- Department of Health, Physical Education, and Recreation, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.,College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Linus Baatiema
- Department of Population and Health, College of Humanities and Legal Studies, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Edward Kwabena Ameyaw
- Faculty of Health, School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Abdul-Aziz Seidu
- Department of Population and Health, College of Humanities and Legal Studies, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. .,College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia. .,Department of Estate Management, Takoradi Technical University, Takoradi, Ghana.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Napyo A, Tumwine JK, Mukunya D, Waako P, Tylleskär T, Ndeezi G. Exclusive breastfeeding among HIV exposed infants from birth to 14 weeks of life in Lira, Northern Uganda: a prospective cohort study. Glob Health Action 2021; 13:1833510. [PMID: 33121390 PMCID: PMC7599030 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2020.1833510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breastfeeding is important for growth, development and survival of HIV exposed infants. Exclusive breastfeeding reduces the risk of morbidity, mortality and increases HIV free survival of infants. Evidence on risk factors for inappropriate breastfeeding in Northern Uganda is limited. Objective This study determined the risk factors for non-exclusivity of breastfeeding in the first 14 weeks of life. Methods This prospective cohort study was conducted among 466 mother-infant pairs between August 2018 and February 2020 in Lira district, Northern Uganda. HIV infected pregnant women were enrolled and followed up at delivery, 6- and 14- weeks postpartum. We used a structured questionnaire to obtain data on socio-demographic, reproductive-related, HIV-related characteristics and exclusive breastfeeding. Data were analysed using Stata version 14.0 (StataCorp, College Station, Texas, USA.). We estimated adjusted risk ratios using modified Poisson regression models. Results The proportion of HIV exposed infants that were exclusively breastfed reduced with increasing age. Risk factors for non-exclusive breastfeeding included infants being born to HIV infected women who: were in the highest socioeconomic strata (adjusted risk ratio = 1.5, 95%CI: 1.01– 2.1), whose delivery was supervised by a non-health worker (adjusted risk ratio = 1.6, 95%CI: 1.01– 2.7) and who had not adhered to their ART during pregnancy (adjusted risk ratio = 1.3, 95%CI: 1.01– 1.7). Conclusions HIV infected women: with highest socioeconomic status, whose delivery was not supervised by a health worker and who did not adhere to ART were less likely to practice exclusive breastfeeding. We recommend ART adherence and infant feeding counselling to be emphasised among HIV infected women who are at risk of having a home delivery, those with poor ART adherence and those of higher socioeconomic status. We also recommend integration of these services into other settings like homes, community and work places instead of limiting them to hospital settings. Abbreviations HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus; ART: Antiretroviral therapy; HEI: HIV exposed infant; PMTCT: Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV; MTCT: Mother-to-child transmission of HIV; AFASS: Acceptable, Feasible, Affordable, Sustainable and Safe; LRRH: Lira regional referral hospital; CI: confidence interval; ARR: Adjusted risk ratio; SD: Standard deviation; PCA: Principal component analysis
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Napyo
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Busitema University , Tororo, Uganda.,Centre for International Health, University of Bergen , Bergen, Norway.,Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Makerere University , Kampala, Uganda
| | - James K Tumwine
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Makerere University , Kampala, Uganda
| | - David Mukunya
- Centre for International Health, University of Bergen , Bergen, Norway
| | - Paul Waako
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Busitema University , Tororo, Uganda
| | | | - Grace Ndeezi
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Makerere University , Kampala, Uganda
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Effect of cesarean section on initiation of breast feeding: Findings from 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244229. [PMID: 33338080 PMCID: PMC7748140 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early initiation of breast feeding has great importance for both mothers and newborns. Despite, recommendations for exclusive and early initiation of breast feeding within one hour of birth, Ethiopia reports that 58% of infants under six months of age are exclusively breastfed. Cesarean deliveries may affect timing of breastfeeding initiation, establishment of milk supply and infant breastfeeding interest compared to vaginal deliveries. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of cesarean delivery on breastfeeding initiation. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 7115 study participants from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey (EDHS). Both descriptive and analytical statistical analysis was employed. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify anyassociations between variables. Odds ratios with its corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. During multivariable analysis, variables with p-value < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results The prevalence of late initiation of breast feeding among women with their last live birth was 25.03% (95%CI; 20.5–32.2). Significant factors associated with late initiation of breastfeeding were cesarean delivery [AOR = 4.06 (95%CI, 2.66–6.2)], primipara mother [AOR = 1.45(95%CI, 1.13–1.7)], and having an unplanned pregnancy [AOR = 1.35(95%CI, 1.1–1.65)]. Positively associated with early initiation of breastfeeding was the mother’s age, for women between 20–34 years-old. This association, reported as a negative association of late initiation of breast feeding was [AOR = 0.77(95%CI, 0.61–0.98)]. Conclusion Cesarean delivery adversely affects the initiation of breast feeding. Cesarean delivery, unplanned pregnancy, and being primiparous, were associated with late initiation of breastfeeding. Women between the ages of 20–34 years of age had a reduced chance of late initiation of breastfeeding. Providing counseling regarding the strategy and importance of early initiation of breast feeding, could have crucial importance for the mother and her newborn.
Collapse
|
23
|
Seidu AA, Ahinkorah BO, Agbaglo E, Dadzie LK, Tetteh JK, Ameyaw EK, Salihu T, Yaya S. Determinants of early initiation of breastfeeding in Papua New Guinea: a population-based study using the 2016-2018 demographic and health survey data. Arch Public Health 2020; 78:124. [PMID: 33292575 PMCID: PMC7684736 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-020-00506-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Initiation of breastfeeding after birth comes with a wide range of benefits to the child. For example, it provides the child with all essential nutrients needed for survival within the first six months of birth. This study sought to determine the prevalence and factors associated with early initiation of breastfeeding (EIB) in Papua New Guinea. METHODS We utilized the Demographic and Health Survey data of 3198 childbearing women in Papua New Guinea. We employed descriptive and binary logistic regression analyses. We presented the results as Crude Odds Ratios (COR) and Adjusted Odds Ratios (AOR), with 95% confidence intervals (CI) signifying level of precision. Level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS Women aged 20-29 [AOR = 1.583, CI = 1.147-2.185] and those aged 30+ [AOR = 1.631, CI = 1.140-2.335] had higher odds of EIB, compared to those aged 15-19. Women from the Islands region had lower odds [AOR = 0.690, CI = 0.565-0.842] of EIB, compared to those in Southern region. Women who delivered through caesarean section had lower odds of EIB, compared to those who delivered via vaginal delivery [AOR = 0.286, CI = 0.182-0.451]. Relatedly, women who delivered in hospitals had lower odds of EIB [AOR = 0.752, CI = 0.624-0.905], compared to those who delivered at home. Women who practiced skin-to-skin contact with the baby [AOR = 1.640, CI = 1.385-1.942] had higher odds of EIB, compared to those who did not. Women who read newspaper or magazine at least once a week had lower odds of EIB [AOR = 0.781, CI = 0.619-0.986], compared to those who did not read newspaper at all. CONCLUSION The prevalence of EIB in Papua New Guinea was relatively high (60%). The factors associated with EIB are age of the women, region of residence, mode of delivery, place of delivery, practice of skin-to-skin contact with the baby, and exposure to mass media (newspaper). To increase EIB in Papua New Guinea, these factors ought to be considered in the implementation of policies and measures to strengthen existing policies. Health providers should educate mothers on the importance of EIB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul-Aziz Seidu
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland Australia
| | - Bright Opoku Ahinkorah
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ebenezer Agbaglo
- Department of English, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Louis Kobina Dadzie
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Justice Kanor Tetteh
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Edward Kwabena Ameyaw
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Tarif Salihu
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Sanni Yaya
- School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- The George Institute for Global Health, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Rabbani A, Padhani ZA, A Siddiqui F, Das JK, Bhutta Z. Systematic review of infant and young child feeding practices in conflict areas: what the evidence advocates. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e036757. [PMID: 32928852 PMCID: PMC7488834 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-036757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast feeding in conflict settings is known to be the safest way to protect infant and young children from malnourishment and increased risk of infections. This systematic review assesses the evidence on infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices in conflict settings. METHODOLOGY We conducted a search in PubMed and CENTRAL and also searched for grey literature from the year 1980 to August 2019. We included studies conducted in settings inflicted with armed conflict; which comprised settings undergoing conflict, as well as, those within 5 years of its cessation. Studies were included if they discussed IYCF practices, barriers, programmes and guidelines to promote and improve IYCF practices. Two review authors independently evaluated and screened studies for eligibility and extracted data; followed by a descriptive and thematic analysis. RESULTS We included 56 studies in our review including 11 published articles and 45 reports from grey literature and broadly classified into four predetermined sections: epidemiology (n=24), barriers/enablers (n=18), programmes/interventions (n=15) and implementation guidelines (n=30). Epidemiological evidence shows that IYCF practices were generally poor in conflict settings with median prevalence of exclusive breast feeding at 25%, continued breast feeding at 29%, bottle feeding at 58.3%, introduction to solid, semisolid or soft foods at 71.1% and minimum dietary diversity at 60.3%.IYCF practices were affected by displacement, stress, maternal malnutrition and mental health, family casualties and free distribution of breast milk substitutes. To improve IYCF, several interventions were implemented; including, training of health workers, educating mothers, community networking and mobilisation, lactation-support service, baby friendly hospital initiative, mother-baby friendly spaces and support groups. CONCLUSION The evidence suggests that IYCF practices are generally poor in conflict inflicted settings. However, there is potential for improvement by designing effective interventions, responsibly disseminating, monitoring and implementing IYCF guidelines as prescribed by WHO development partners, government and non-government organisations with dedicated funds and investing in capacity development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amna Rabbani
- Division of Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Zahra A Padhani
- Division of Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Faareha A Siddiqui
- Division of Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Jai K Das
- Division of Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Zulfiqar Bhutta
- Centre for Global Child Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sen KK, Mallick TS, Bari W. Gender inequality in early initiation of breastfeeding in Bangladesh: a trend analysis. Int Breastfeed J 2020; 15:18. [PMID: 32178697 PMCID: PMC7075039 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-020-00259-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early initiation of breastfeeding within 1 hour after birth is essential for newborns, because it reduces risk of neonatal mortality and hypothermia to a great extent and also helps in preventing the long-term chronic diseases and in increasing energy and immunity to newborn. In order to reach the ‘very good state’ of timely or early initiation of breastfeeding recommended by WHO, Bangladesh needs to increase the current rate of 51.24 to 100%. An attempt has been made in this study to examine how the early breastfeeding practice changes among male and female children with time controlling the factors associated with this practice. Methods Data from last four consecutive Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys (BDHS) have been used in the study. The participants were included whose child born within the last 5 years preceding the surveys of 2004, 2007 and 2011, and within the last 3 years preceding the survey of 2014 in the study and the respective selected participants were 5145, 4765, 7099 and 4370. To conduct the trend analysis, the descriptive statistics of selected variables along with prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding have been computed by different years and a multiple logistic regression model has been fitted to the pooled dataset of 2004–2014 considering survey years as time. Results Rate of early initiation of breastfeeding increased as time progressed and it was faster for female child compared to male child. For example, female children were significantly 10 and 6% less likely to be initiated early than their counterparts in 2004 and 2007, respectively; whereas after 2007 both male and female children were equally treated for breastfeeding practice. It was also found that rate of early initiation significantly increased for one unit increased in survey year and this increasing rate was higher for female child compared to male child. For example, for one unit of increased in survey year, the early initiation of breastfeeding increased by 60% for male child and by 67% for female child. Besides, survey time, gender, education of parents, wanted index child, mode of delivery, antenatal care visits, wealth index, exposure to media and division were found to have potential influence on early initiation of breastfeeding. Conclusion Demographic and health surveys conducted in Bangladesh since 2011 have shown no evidence of gender discrimination regarding timely initiation of breastfeeding. In order to achieve the target rate of early initiation of breastfeeding recommended by WHO, it requires to take effective intervention regarding maternal and child health education.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Kumar Sen
- Department of Statistics, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
| | | | - Wasimul Bari
- Department of Statistics, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ahmed KY, Page A, Arora A, Ogbo FA. Trends and determinants of early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding in Ethiopia from 2000 to 2016. Int Breastfeed J 2019; 14:40. [PMID: 31528197 PMCID: PMC6740001 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-019-0234-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background At the national level in Ethiopia, there is limited knowledge of trends and factors associated with early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), particularly during the Millenium Development Goal (MDG) era (2000–2015). The study aimed to examine the trends and determinants of early initiation of breastfeeding and EBF in Ethiopia between 2000 and 2016. Methods Using the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) data for the years: 2000 (n = 3680), 2005 (n = 3528), 2011 (n = 4037) and 2016 (n = 3861), trends in early initiation of breastfeeding and EBF were estimated. Multivariate logistic regression models that adjusted for confounders, sampling weight, clustering and stratification were used to examine the association between socioeconomic, demographic, health service and community level factors with early initiation of breastfeeding and EBF from 2000 to 2016. Results The prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding increased from 48.8% in 2000 to 75.7% in 2016 in Ethiopia. Improvement in EBF prevalence was not statistically significant (from 54.5% in 2000 to 59.9% in 2016). Over the study period, informal maternal employment (Adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] 0.75; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.68, 0.83), frequent antenatal care visits (aOR 0.74; 95% CI 0.65, 0.85), and cesarean birthing (aOR 0.22; 95% CI 0.17, 0.30) were associated with delayed initiation of breastfeeding. Birthing in the health facility (aOR 1.35; 95% CI 1.05, 1.75) and residing in the metropolis region (aOR 1.95; 95% CI 1.65, 2.32) were associated with timely initiation of breastfeeding. In a similar period, informally employed mothers (aOR 1.37; 95% CI 1.15, 1.63) and those with six or more family size (aOR 1.46; 95% CI 1.10, 1.93) were more likely to exclusively breastfeed their babies. Conclusion Early initiation of breastfeeding improved in Ethiopia during the MDG era but it is still below the national target; progress in EBF remained slow. To improve breastfeeding outcomes and meet the global breastfeeding targets in Ethiopia, infant feeding efforts should focus on improving key modifiable factors, including place and mode of birthing and socioeconomic status of mothers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kedir Y Ahmed
- 1Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2571 Australia.,2College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Samara University, PO Box: 132, Samara, Ethiopia
| | - Andrew Page
- 1Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2571 Australia
| | - Amit Arora
- 1Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2571 Australia.,3School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2571 Australia.,4Oral Health Services, Sydney Local Health District and Sydney Dental Hospital, NSW Health, Sydney, Australia.,5Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Weastmead, NSW Australia
| | - Felix Akpojene Ogbo
- 1Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2571 Australia.,General Practice Unit, Prescot Specialist Medical Centre Makurdi, Welfare Quarters, Makurdi, Benue State 972261 Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Key Decision Makers and Actors in Selected Newborn Care Practices: A Community-Based Survey in Northern Uganda. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16101723. [PMID: 31100814 PMCID: PMC6572448 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16101723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of key decision makers and actors in newborn care is necessary to ensure that health interventions are targeted at the right people. This was a cross-sectional study carried out in Lira district, Northern Uganda. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with mothers being the key decision maker regarding where to give birth from and when to initiate breastfeeding. Fathers were the key decision makers on the place of birth (54.3%, n = 505) and on whether to seek care for a sick newborn child (47.7%, n = 92). Grandmothers most commonly bathed the baby immediately after birth (55.5%, n = 516), whereas mothers and health workers were common decision makers regarding breastfeeding initiation. Predictors for a mother being the key decision maker on the place of birth included: Mother having a secondary education (AOR 1.9: 95% C.I (1.0–3.6)) and mother being formally employed (AOR 2.0: 95% (1.5–2.9)). Mothers, fathers, grandmothers, health-workers, and traditional birth attendants were the most influential in the selected newborn care practices. Programs that aim to promote newborn care need to involve husbands, grandmothers, and health workers in addition to mothers.
Collapse
|
28
|
Hassan AA, Taha Z, Ahmed MAA, Ali AAA, Adam I. Assessment of initiation of breastfeeding practice in Kassala, Eastern Sudan: a community-based study. Int Breastfeed J 2018; 13:34. [PMID: 30065774 PMCID: PMC6060461 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-018-0177-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The World Health Organization (WHO) encourages early initiation of breastfeeding within the first hour after birth with the objective of saving children’s lives. There are few published research papers about factors associated with the initiation of breastfeeding in Sudan. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of and factors associated with the timely initiation of breastfeeding among mothers with children two years and under in Kassala, Eastern Sudan. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2016 to March 2017. Mothers were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Results A total of 250 mother-child pairs participated in the study. The mean (standard deviation) of maternal age and children’s age was 27.1 (5.68) years and 11.9 (6.9) months, respectively. Of the 250 mothers, 218 (87.2%) initiated breastfeeding within the first hour. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, factors associated with the delay of breastfeeding initiation were having a male baby (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] 3.90, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]1.33, 11.47), and mothers with medical disorders (AOR 5.07, 95% CI 1.22, 21.16). Conclusion There was a high prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding. An association with delayed initiation of breastfeeding was found amongst mothers who had medical disorders and those who had a male infant. Wherever possible, early initiation of breastfeeding should be promoted for all infants, regardless of gender.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Hassan
- 1Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Zainab Taha
- 2College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | - Ishag Adam
- 1Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bruno Tongun J, Sebit MB, Mukunya D, Ndeezi G, Nankabirwa V, Tylleskar T, Tumwine JK. Factors associated with delayed initiation of breastfeeding: a cross-sectional study in South Sudan. Int Breastfeed J 2018; 13:28. [PMID: 30002722 PMCID: PMC6034205 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-018-0170-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The global breastfeeding recommendation states that all infants should be put to the breast within one hour of birth, which is defined as timely initiation or early initiation of breastfeeding. Early initiation of breastfeeding is associated with reduced risk in infant illness and death. Understanding the determinants of delay in initiation of breastfeeding might spur health staff and policy makers to foster timely breastfeeding. We assessed the prevalence and determinants of delay in initiation of breastfeeding among mothers in Juba Teaching Hospital. Methods The present study enrolled 806 mother-infant pairs within 24 hrs of birth in Juba Teaching Hospital in 2017. The mothers were interviewed about the time of initiation of breastfeeding, sociodemographic and birth characteristics. The independent variables associated with delay in initiation of breastfeeding were identified using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results In the current study, 52% (418/806) of the mothers initiated breastfeeding later than one hour after birth. Birth by Caesarean section (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] 41; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 12.21, 138), discarding of colostrum (AOR 9.89; 95% CI 4.14, 23.62), unmarried mothers (AOR 3.76; 95% CI 1.53, 9.24), exposure to infant formula advertisement (AOR 1.82; 95% CI 1.09, 3.02) and no house ownership (AOR 1.52; 95% CI 1.11, 2.09) were independent factors associated with delay in initiation of breastfeeding. Conclusion We found that more than half of the mothers delayed the initiation of breastfeeding. Therefore, we recommend training on best breastfeeding practices and counselling skills for health staff in Juba Teaching Hospital. Policy dialogue, with the relevant ministries and departments on the promotion and protection of early initiation of breastfeeding is crucial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin Bruno Tongun
- 1Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,2Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Juba, Juba, South Sudan
| | - Mohammed Boy Sebit
- 3Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Juba, Juba, South Sudan
| | - David Mukunya
- 1Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Grace Ndeezi
- 4Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Victoria Nankabirwa
- 1Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,5School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - James K Tumwine
- 4Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| |
Collapse
|