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Aikawa S, Tanaka H, Ueda H, Maruyama M, Higaki K. Specific intermolecular interaction with sodium glycocholate generates the co-amorphous system showing higher physical stability and aqueous solubility of Y 5 receptor antagonist of neuropeptide Y, a brick dust molecule. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 202:114395. [PMID: 38971200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Drugs with poor water and lipid solubility are termed "brick dust." We previously successfully developed a co-amorphous system of a novel neuropeptide Y5 receptor antagonist (AntiY5R), a brick dust molecule, using sodium taurocholate (NaTC) as a co-former. However, the maximum improvement in AntiY5R dissolution by the co-amorphous system was only approximately 10 times greater than that of the crystals. Therefore, in the current study, other bile salts, including sodium cholate (NaC), sodium chenodeoxycholate (NaCC), and sodium glycocholate (NaGC), were examined as co-formers to further improve AntiY5R dissolution. NaC, NaCC, and NaGC have glass transition temperatures above 150°C. All three co-amorphous systems prepared successfully retained the amorphous form of AntiY5R for 3 months at 40°C, but the co-amorphous system with NaGC (AntiY5R-NaGC; 1:9 molar ratio) provided the highest improvement in AntiY5R dissolution, which was approximately 50 times greater than that of the crystals. Possible intermolecular interactions via the glycine moiety of NaGC more than the other bile salts would contribute to the highest dissolution enhancement with AntiY5R-NaGC. Thus, NaGC would be a promising co-former for formulating stable co-amorphous systems to enhance the dissolution behavior of brick dust molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Aikawa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Formulation Research Department, Formulation R&D Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-3, Kuise Terajima 2-chome, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0813, Japan.
| | - Hironori Tanaka
- Formulation Research Department, Formulation R&D Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-3, Kuise Terajima 2-chome, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0813, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueda
- Bioanalytical, Analysis and Evaluation Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-1, Futabacho 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Masato Maruyama
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Higaki
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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2
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Gu J, Yan C, Yin S, Wu H, Liu C, Xue A, Lei X, Zhang N, Geng F. Erythrocyte membrane-coated nanocarriers modified by TGN for Alzheimer's disease. J Control Release 2024; 366:448-459. [PMID: 38128884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an aging-related neurodegenerative disease, and the main pathological feature was β-amyloid protein (Aβ) deposition. Recently, bioactive materials-based drug delivery system has been widely investigated for the treatment of AD. In this study, we developed a red blood cells (RBC) membrane-coated polycaprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles (NPs) loading with a therapeutic agent for AD, curcumin (Cur). A functional peptide TGNYKALHPHN (TGN) was conjugated to the surface of membrane for blood-brain barrier (BBB) transport (TGN-RBC-NPs-Cur). TGN peptide can be recognized by receptors on the BBB and has great potential for brain transport. To confirm the targeted delivery of Cur to the brain, a cell co-culturing immortalized human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells and human brain astrocytes glioblastoma (hCMEC/D3 and U-118MG) in vitro model was established. As a result, the BBB transporting ratio of TGN-RBC-NPs-FITC was 29.64% at 12 h which was approximately eight-fold than RBC-NPs-FITC. The improvement of drug accumulation in the AD lesion was confirmed by the NPs modified with the BBB-penetrating peptide in the fluorescence imaging and quantitative analysis with UPLC-MS/MS in vivo. The neuroprotective effects were evaluated with new object recognition behavioral test, in vitro AD cell model, dendritic spine stain, GFAP and IBA1 immunofluorescence stain. The spatial learning and memory abilities of the AD model mice treated with TGN-RBC-NPs-Cur were obviously enhanced compared with the AD control mice and were also better than Cur at the same dosage. These results were consistent with the values of protection index of rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells (PC12 cells) treated by Aβ25-35. TGN-RBC-NPs-Cur increased the dendritic segments densities and restrained activation of microglia and astrocytes of AD mice, as well as reversed cognitive function of AD mice. All of the results demonstrated TGN-RBC-NPs-Cur a promising therapeutic strategy for delaying the progression of AD by designing biomimetic nanosystems to deliver drugs into the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlian Gu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150025, China
| | - Chang Yan
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150025, China
| | - Shun Yin
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150025, China
| | - Hao Wu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150025, China
| | - Chi Liu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150025, China
| | - Ao Xue
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150004, China
| | - Xia Lei
- Wuxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214071, China.
| | - Ning Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150004, China; Wuxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214071, China.
| | - Fang Geng
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150025, China.
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Budiman A, Wardhana YW, Ainurofiq A, Nugraha YP, Qaivani R, Hakim SNAL, Aulifa DL. Drug-Coformer Loaded-Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles: A Review of the Preparation, Characterization, and Mechanism of Drug Release. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:281-305. [PMID: 38229702 PMCID: PMC10790662 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s449159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug-coformer systems, such as coamorphous and cocrystal, are gaining recognition as highly effective strategies for enhancing the stability, solubility, and dissolution of drugs. These systems depend on the interactions between drug and coformer to prevent the conversion of amorphous drugs into the crystalline form and improve the solubility. Furthermore, mesoporous silica (MPS) is also a promising carrier commonly used for stabilization, leading to solubility improvement of poorly water-soluble drugs. The surface interaction of drug-MPS and the nanoconfinement effect prevent amorphous drugs from crystallizing. A novel method has been developed recently, which entails the loading of drug-coformer into MPS to improve the solubility, dissolution, and physical stability of the amorphous drug. This method uses the synergistic effects of drug-coformer interactions and the nanoconfinement effect within MPS. Several studies have reported successful incorporation of drug-coformer into MPS, indicating the potential for significant improvement in dissolution characteristics and physical stability of the drug. Therefore, this study aimed to discuss the preparation and characterization of drug-coformer within MPS, particularly the interaction in the nanoconfinement, as well as the impact on drug release and physical stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Budiman
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java45363, Indonesia
| | - Yoga Windhu Wardhana
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java45363, Indonesia
| | - Ahmad Ainurofiq
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Drug Delivery, Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Central Java, 57126, Indonesia
| | - Yuda Prasetya Nugraha
- School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, West Java, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Ridhatul Qaivani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Siti Nazila Awaliyyah Lukmanul Hakim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Diah Lia Aulifa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, 45363, Indonesia
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Bácskay I, Hosszú Z, Budai I, Ujhelyi Z, Fehér P, Kósa D, Haimhoffer Á, Pető Á. Formulation and Evaluation of Transdermal Patches Containing BGP-15. Pharmaceutics 2023; 16:36. [PMID: 38258047 PMCID: PMC10819821 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BGP-15 is an active ingredient with many advantages, e.g., beneficial cardiovascular and anti-inflammatory effects. The transdermal administration of BGP-15 has great potential, which has not been investigated yet, despite the fact that it is a non-invasive and safe form of treatment. The aim of our study was to formulate transdermal patches containing BGP-15 and optimize the production with the Box-Behnken design of experiment. The most optimal formulation was further combined with penetration enhancers to improve bioavailability of the active ingredient, and the in vitro drug release and in vitro permeation of BGP-15 from the patches were investigated. FTIR spectra of BGP-15, the formulations and the components were also studied. The most optimal formulation based on the tested parameters was dried for 24 h, with 67% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) content and low ethanol content. The selected penetration enhancer excipients were not cytotoxic on HaCaT cells. The FTIR measurements and SEM photography proved the compatibility of the active substance and the vehicle; BGP-15 was present in the polymer matrix in dissolved form. The bioavailability of BGP-15 was most significantly enhanced by the combination of Transcutol and Labrasol. The in vitro permeation study confirmed that the formulated patches successfully enabled the transdermal administration of BGP-15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildikó Bácskay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei körút 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Institute of Healthcare Industry, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei körút 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Hosszú
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei körút 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Budai
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Debrecen, Ótemető Utca 2-4, 4028 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Ujhelyi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei körút 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Pálma Fehér
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei körút 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dóra Kósa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei körút 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Institute of Healthcare Industry, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei körút 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ádám Haimhoffer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei körút 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Institute of Healthcare Industry, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei körút 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ágota Pető
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei körút 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Institute of Healthcare Industry, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei körút 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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Kapoor DU, Singh S, Sharma P, Prajapati BG. Amorphization of Low Soluble Drug with Amino Acids to Improve Its Therapeutic Efficacy: a State-of-Art-Review. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:253. [PMID: 38062314 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02709-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Low aqueous solubility of drug candidates is an ongoing challenge and pharmaceutical manufacturers pay close attention to amorphization (AMORP) technology to improve the solubility of drugs that dissolve poorly. Amorphous drug typically exhibits much higher apparent solubility than their crystalline form due to high energy state that enable them to produce a supersaturated state in the gastrointestinal tract and thereby improve bioavailability. The stability and augmented solubility in co-amorphous (COA) formulations is influenced by molecular interactions. COA are excellent carriers-based drug delivery systems for biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) class II and class IV drugs. The three important critical quality attributes, such as co-formability, physical stability, and dissolution performance, are necessary to illustrate the COA systems. New amorphous-stabilized carriers-based fabrication techniques that improve drug loading and degree of AMORP have been the focus of emerging AMORP technology. Numerous low-molecular-weight compounds, particularly amino acids such as glutamic acid, arginine, isoleucine, leucine, valine, alanine, glycine, etc., have been employed as potential co-formers. The review focus on the prevailing drug AMORP strategies used in pharmaceutical research, including in situ AMORP, COA systems, and mesoporous particle-based methods. Moreover, brief characterization techniques and the application of the different amino acids in stabilization and solubility improvements have been related.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sudarshan Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
- Office of Research Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
| | - Pratishtha Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, Raffles University, Neemrana, Rajasthan, 301020, India
| | - Bhupendra G Prajapati
- Shree S. K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ganpat University, Kherva, 384012, India.
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Han J, Tang M, Yang Y, Sun W, Yue Z, Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Liu X, Wang J. Amorphous solid dispersions: Stability mechanism, design strategy and key production technique of hot melt extrusion. Int J Pharm 2023; 646:123490. [PMID: 37805146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Solid dispersion (SD) system has been used as an effective formulation strategy to increase in vitro and in vivo performances of poorly water-soluble drugs, such as solubility/dissolution, stability and bioavailability. This review provides a comprehensive SD classification and identifies the most popular amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs). Meanwhile, this review further puts forward the systematic design strategy of satisfactory ASDs in terms of drug properties, carrier selection, preparation methods and stabilization mechanisms. In addition, hot melt extrusion (HME) as the continuous manufacturing technique is described including the principle and structure of HME instrument, key process parameters and production application, in order to guide the scale-up of ASDs and develop more ASD products to the market in pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Han
- School of Pharmacy & School of Biological and Food Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China; Changzhou Pharmaceutical Factory Co., LTD, Changzhou 213018, PR China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Mengyuan Tang
- School of Pharmacy & School of Biological and Food Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Pharmacy & School of Biological and Food Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Wen Sun
- School of Pharmacy & School of Biological and Food Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Zhimin Yue
- School of Pharmacy & School of Biological and Food Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Yunran Zhang
- Changzhou Pharmaceutical Factory Co., LTD, Changzhou 213018, PR China
| | - Yijun Zhu
- Changzhou Pharmaceutical Factory Co., LTD, Changzhou 213018, PR China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- School of Pharmacy & School of Biological and Food Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China.
| | - Jue Wang
- School of Pharmacy & School of Biological and Food Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
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Schütz D, Timmerhaus A, Grohganz H. Wet granulation of co-amorphous indomethacin systems. Int J Pharm 2023; 644:123318. [PMID: 37586574 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of co-amorphous systems to be wet granulated together with microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was investigated. Solid state and molecular interactions were analysed for various co-amorphous drug-amino acid formulations of indomethacin with tryptophan and arginine, respectively, via XRPD, DSC and FTIR. The co-amorphous binary systems were produced by ball-milling for 90 min at different molar ratios followed by wet granulation with MCC and water in a miniaturised scale. Tryptophan containing systems showed crystalline reflections in their XRPD diffractograms and endothermal events in their DSC analyses, and were therefore excluded from upscaling attempts. The systems containing arginine were found to be remain amorphous for at least ten months and were upscaled for production in a high-shear blender under application of two different parameter settings. Under the harsher instrument settings, a composition with a low MCC ratio experienced recrystallisation during wet granulation, while all other compositions could be successfully processed via wet granulation and stayed stable for a storage period of at least twelve weeks, indicating that wet granulation of co-amorphous systems can be feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Schütz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Annika Timmerhaus
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Holger Grohganz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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8
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Gabelmann A, Lehr CM, Grohganz H. Preparation of Co-Amorphous Levofloxacin Systems for Pulmonary Application. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1574. [PMID: 37376022 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Addressing antimicrobial resistance requires new approaches in various disciplines of pharmaceutical sciences. The fluoroquinolone levofloxacin (LEV) plays an important role in the therapy of lung infections. However, its effectiveness is limited by its severe side effects involving tendinopathy, muscle weakness and psychiatric disturbance. Therefore, there is a need for the development of an effective formulation of LEV with reduced systemic drug concentrations, thereby also reducing the consumption and excretion of antibiotics or metabolites. This study aimed for the development of a pulmonary-applicable LEV formulation. Co-amorphous LEV-L-arginine (ARG) particles were prepared by spray drying and characterised by scanning electron microscopy, modulated differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and next generation impactor analysis. Co-amorphous LEV-ARG salts were produced independently of varying process parameters. The use of 30% (v/v) ethanol as a solvent led to better aerodynamic properties compared to an aqueous solution. With a mass median aerodynamic diameter of just over 2 µm, a fine particle fraction of over 50% and an emitted dose of over 95%, the product was deemed suitable for a pulmonary application. The created process was robust towards the influence of temperature and feed rate, as changing these parameters did not have a significant influence on the critical quality attributes, indicating the feasibility of producing pulmonary-applicable co-amorphous particles for sustainable antibiotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aljoscha Gabelmann
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Saarland University, Campus E81, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Holger Grohganz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Mohamed EM, Dharani S, Nutan MTH, Cook P, Arunagiri R, Khan MA, Rahman Z. Application of Sucrose Acetate Isobutyrate in Development of Co-Amorphous Formulations of Tacrolimus for Bioavailability Enhancement. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051442. [PMID: 37242683 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The focus of the present work was to develop co-amorphous dispersion (CAD) formulations of tacrolimus (TAC) using sucrose acetate isobutyrate as a carrier, evaluate by in vitro and in vivo methods and compare its performance with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) based amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) formulation. CAD and ASD formulations were prepared by solvent evaporation method followed by characterization by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dissolution, stability, and pharmacokinetics. XRPD and DSC indicated amorphous phase transformation of the drug in the CAD and ASD formulations, and dissolved more than 85% of the drug in 90 min. No drug crystallization was observed in the thermogram and diffractogram of the formulations after storage at 25 °C/60% RH and 40 °C/75% RH. No significant change in the dissolution profile was observed after and before storage. SAIB-based CAD and HPMC-based ASD formulations were bioequivalent as they met 90% confidence of 90-11.1% for Cmax and AUC. The CAD and ASD formulations exhibited Cmax and AUC 1.7-1.8 and 1.5-1.8 folds of tablet formulations containing the drug's crystalline phase. In conclusion, the stability, dissolution, and pharmacokinetic performance of SAIB-based CAD and HPMC-based ASD formulations were similar, and thus clinical performance would be similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M Mohamed
- Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Sathish Dharani
- Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mohammad T H Nutan
- Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA
| | - Phillip Cook
- Eastman Chemical Company, Kingsport, TN 37662, USA
| | | | - Mansoor A Khan
- Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Ziyaur Rahman
- Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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10
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Vasilev NA, Voronin AP, Surov AO, Perlovich GL. Influence of Co-amorphization on the Physical Stability and Dissolution Performance of an Anthelmintic Drug Flubendazole. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:1657-1669. [PMID: 36732935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the co-amorphization approach was applied to flubendazole (FluBZ), resulting in the formation of two novel solid forms of FluBZ with l-phenylalanine (Phe) and l-tryptophan (Trp). A variety of physicochemical techniques have been used to describe new systems, including powder X-ray diffraction, thermal methods, infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Co-amorphization has been shown to suppress crystallization tendency and considerably increase the shelf-life storage of amorphous flubendazole solid across a wide range of relative humidities. The dissolution behavior of the amorphous forms in biorelevant media at pH = 1.6, pH = 6.5, and 37 °C has been studied in terms of Cmax (maximum FluBZ concentration), Tmax (time to attain peak drug concentration), and AUC (concentration area under the curve during dissolution). At pH = 6.5, a continuous supersaturation and the highest AUC value of all examined systems were observed for the FluBZ-Phe (1:1) system. The phase solubility diagrams revealed that the reason for the better dissolution performance of FluBZ-Phe (1:1) at pH = 6.5 is a complexation between the components in a solution. This work highlights the applicability of co-amorphous systems in improving the physical stability and dissolution performance of drug compounds with poor biopharmaceutical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita A Vasilev
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry RAS, 153045Ivanovo, Russia
| | | | - Artem O Surov
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry RAS, 153045Ivanovo, Russia
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Data-Driven Prediction of the Formation of Co-Amorphous Systems. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020347. [PMID: 36839668 PMCID: PMC9968185 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Co-amorphous systems (COAMS) have raised increasing interest in the pharmaceutical industry, since they combine the increased solubility and/or faster dissolution of amorphous forms with the stability of crystalline forms. However, the choice of the co-former is critical for the formation of a COAMS. While some models exist to predict the potential formation of COAMS, they often focus on a limited group of compounds. Here, four classes of combinations of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) with (1) another API, (2) an amino acid, (3) an organic acid, or (4) another substance were considered. A model using gradient boosting methods was developed to predict the successful formation of COAMS for all four classes. The model was tested on data not seen during training and predicted 15 out of 19 examples correctly. In addition, the model was used to screen for new COAMS in binary systems of two APIs for inhalation therapy, as diseases such as tuberculosis, asthma, and COPD usually require complex multidrug-therapy. Three of these new API-API combinations were selected for experimental testing and co-processed via milling. The experiments confirmed the predictions of the model in all three cases. This data-driven model will facilitate and expedite the screening phase for new binary COAMS.
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12
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Mechanical Activation by Ball Milling as a Strategy to Prepare Highly Soluble Pharmaceutical Formulations in the Form of Co-Amorphous, Co-Crystals, or Polymorphs. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102003. [PMID: 36297439 PMCID: PMC9607342 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Almost half of orally administered active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) have low solubility, which affects their bioavailability. In the last two decades, several alternatives have been proposed to modify the crystalline structure of APIs to improve their solubility; these strategies consist of inducing supramolecular structural changes in the active pharmaceutical ingredients, such as the amorphization and preparation of co-crystals or polymorphs. Since many APIs are thermosensitive, non-thermal emerging alternative techniques, such as mechanical activation by milling, have become increasingly common as a preparation method for drug formulations. This review summarizes the recent research in preparing pharmaceutical formulations (co-amorphous, co-crystals, and polymorphs) through ball milling to enhance the physicochemical properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients. This report includes detailed experimental milling conditions (instrumentation, temperature, time, solvent, etc.), as well as solubility, bioavailability, structural, and thermal stability data. The results and description of characterization techniques to determine the structural modifications resulting from transforming a pure crystalline API into a co-crystal, polymorph, or co-amorphous system are presented. Additionally, the characterization methodologies and results of intermolecular interactions induced by mechanical activation are discussed to explain the properties of the pharmaceutical formulations obtained after the ball milling process.
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13
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Todke PA, Devarajan PV. In-silico approach as a tool for selection of excipients for safer amphotericin B nanoformulations. JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CONTROLLED RELEASE SOCIETY 2022; 349:756-764. [PMID: 35905782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Safer and efficacious Amphotericin B (AmB) nanoformulations can be designed by augmenting AmB in the monomeric or super-aggregated state, and restricting the aggregated state, by choosing the appropriate excipient, which can be facilitated by employing in-silico prediction as a tool. Excipients selected for the study included linear fatty acids from caprylic (C8) to stearic(C18) and the stearate based amphiphilic surfactants polyoxyl-15-hydroxystearate (PS15) and polyoxyl-40-stearate (PS40). Blend module was employed to determine the two miscibility parameters mixing energy (Emix) and interaction parameter (χ). AmB-excipient interactions were modelled using molecular docking software. The fatty acids revealed a decrease in Emix and χ values with increase in carbon chain length, suggesting enhanced affinity with increase in fatty acid hydrophobicity. Significantly higher affinity was observed with amphiphilic surfactants, in particular PS40 which exhibited negative values of Emix and χ proposing very high degree of miscibility. Molecular docking study confirmed extensive interaction of all the excipients with the AmB polyene chain. PS15 and PS40 displayed in addition hydrophilic interactions with the mycosamine and polyol moieties with PS40 exhibiting complete wrapping of the AmB molecule. PS15 demonstrated only partial wrapping, attributed to the shorter ethylene oxide chain. AmB nanosuspensions (NS) were prepared by in situ nanoprecipitation using the excipients and the AmB state identified by UV scanning between 300 and 500 nm. AmB NS with fatty acids and PS15-AmB NS revealed a high intensity peak between 330 nm-350 nm of aggregated AmB and low intensity monomeric peaks between 405 and 415 nm reflecting predominance of the aggregated state. PS40-AmB NS on the other hand revealed complete absence of aggregated state and a high intensity peak between 321 and 325 nm which corresponded to the super-aggregated state. Also, the super-aggregated state slowly released the safe monomeric form without aggregate formation. Furthermore, very low hemolysis seen with PS40-AmB NS confirmed low toxicity attributed to the safer super-aggregated state and while higher hemolysis as anticipated was seen with PS15-AmB NS (aggregated state). The basis for selection of the appropriate excipient for design of safer AmB nanoformulations would be those excipients that exhibit negative values of miscibility parameters Emix and χ, exhibit interaction with the hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions of AmB and demonstrate complete wrapping of AmB in the molecular docking study. Our study thus demonstrates feasibility of in-silico prediction as a practical tool for excipient selection for safer AmB nanoformulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja A Todke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Deemed University, Elite Status and Centre of Excellence (Maharashtra), N.P. Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai, 400019, Maharashtra, India
| | - Padma V Devarajan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Deemed University, Elite Status and Centre of Excellence (Maharashtra), N.P. Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai, 400019, Maharashtra, India.
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14
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Lim LM, Park JW, Hadinoto K. Benchmarking the Solubility Enhancement and Storage Stability of Amorphous Drug–Polyelectrolyte Nanoplex against Co-Amorphous Formulation of the Same Drug. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14050979. [PMID: 35631565 PMCID: PMC9144283 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Amorphization, typically in the form of amorphous solid dispersion (ASD), represents a well-established solubility enhancement strategy for poorly soluble drugs. Recently, two amorphous drug formulations, i.e., the amorphous drug–polyelectrolyte nanoparticle complex (nanoplex) and co-amorphous system, have emerged as promising alternatives to circumvent the issues faced by ASD (i.e., large dosage requirement, high hygroscopicity). In the present work, the nanoplex was benchmarked against the co-amorphous system in terms of the preparation efficiency, drug payload, thermal stability, dissolution rate, supersaturation generation, and accelerated storage stability. Weakly acidic curcumin (CUR) and weakly basic ciprofloxacin (CIP) were used as the model poorly soluble drugs. The CUR and CIP nanoplexes were prepared using chitosan and sodium dextran sulfate as the polyelectrolytes, respectively. The co-amorphous CUR and CIP were prepared using tannic acid and tryptophan as the co-formers, respectively. The benchmarking results showed that the amorphous drug nanoplex performed as well as, if not better than, the co-amorphous system depending on the drug in question and the aspects being compared. The present work successfully established the nanoplex as an equally viable amorphous drug formulation as the more widely studied co-amorphous system to potentially serve as an alternative to ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ming Lim
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore;
| | - Jin-Won Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Korea;
| | - Kunn Hadinoto
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +65-6514-8381
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15
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Pető Á, Kósa D, Haimhoffer Á, Nemes D, Fehér P, Ujhelyi Z, Vecsernyés M, Váradi J, Fenyvesi F, Frum A, Gligor FG, Vicaș LG, Marian E, Jurca T, Pallag A, Muresan ME, Tóth Z, Bácskay I. Topical Dosage Formulation of Lyophilized Philadelphus coronarius L. Leaf and Flower: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Assessment of the Plant. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27092652. [PMID: 35566001 PMCID: PMC9100982 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Philadelphus coronarius is a versatile plant and its use in folk medicine has a long tradition; however, scientifically, the medical utilization of the herb is a less explored research field. The aim of our study was to identify and determine the quantity of the bioactive compounds of both the leaf and the flower and prepare a lyophilized product of them, from which medical ointments were formulated, since the topical application of P. coronarius has also not been studied. In vitro drug release, texture analysis and biocompatibility experiments were carried out, as well as the investigation of microbiological, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. According to our results the composition and the selected excipients of the ointments have a great impact on the drug release, texture and bioavailability of the preparation. During the microbiological testing, the P. coronarius leaf was effective against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, but it did not significantly decrease IL-4 production when it was tested on HaCaT cells. P. coronarius is a promising herb, and its topical application in antimicrobial therapy can be a useful addition to modern medical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágota Pető
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.P.); (D.K.); (Á.H.); (D.N.); (P.F.); (Z.U.); (M.V.); (J.V.); (F.F.)
- Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Institute of Healthcare Industry, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dóra Kósa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.P.); (D.K.); (Á.H.); (D.N.); (P.F.); (Z.U.); (M.V.); (J.V.); (F.F.)
- Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Institute of Healthcare Industry, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ádám Haimhoffer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.P.); (D.K.); (Á.H.); (D.N.); (P.F.); (Z.U.); (M.V.); (J.V.); (F.F.)
- Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dániel Nemes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.P.); (D.K.); (Á.H.); (D.N.); (P.F.); (Z.U.); (M.V.); (J.V.); (F.F.)
| | - Pálma Fehér
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.P.); (D.K.); (Á.H.); (D.N.); (P.F.); (Z.U.); (M.V.); (J.V.); (F.F.)
| | - Zoltán Ujhelyi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.P.); (D.K.); (Á.H.); (D.N.); (P.F.); (Z.U.); (M.V.); (J.V.); (F.F.)
| | - Miklós Vecsernyés
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.P.); (D.K.); (Á.H.); (D.N.); (P.F.); (Z.U.); (M.V.); (J.V.); (F.F.)
| | - Judit Váradi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.P.); (D.K.); (Á.H.); (D.N.); (P.F.); (Z.U.); (M.V.); (J.V.); (F.F.)
| | - Ferenc Fenyvesi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.P.); (D.K.); (Á.H.); (D.N.); (P.F.); (Z.U.); (M.V.); (J.V.); (F.F.)
| | - Adina Frum
- Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University Sibiu, Lucian Blaga Street, No 2A, H-550169 Sibiu, Romania; (A.F.); (F.G.G.)
| | - Felicia Gabriela Gligor
- Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University Sibiu, Lucian Blaga Street, No 2A, H-550169 Sibiu, Romania; (A.F.); (F.G.G.)
| | - Laura Grațiela Vicaș
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 29 Nicolae Jiga Street, H-410028 Oradea, Romania; (L.G.V.); (E.M.); (T.J.); (A.P.)
| | - Eleonora Marian
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 29 Nicolae Jiga Street, H-410028 Oradea, Romania; (L.G.V.); (E.M.); (T.J.); (A.P.)
| | - Tunde Jurca
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 29 Nicolae Jiga Street, H-410028 Oradea, Romania; (L.G.V.); (E.M.); (T.J.); (A.P.)
| | - Annamaria Pallag
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 29 Nicolae Jiga Street, H-410028 Oradea, Romania; (L.G.V.); (E.M.); (T.J.); (A.P.)
| | - Mariana Eugenia Muresan
- Department of Preclinical Discipline, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st December Square 10, H-410068 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Zoltán Tóth
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Ildikó Bácskay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.P.); (D.K.); (Á.H.); (D.N.); (P.F.); (Z.U.); (M.V.); (J.V.); (F.F.)
- Institute of Healthcare Industry, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-52-411-717 (ext. 54034)
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16
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Liu J, Hwu E, Bannow J, Grohganz H, Rades T. Impact of Molecular Surface Diffusion on the Physical Stability of Co-Amorphous Systems. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:1183-1190. [PMID: 35230110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, surface diffusion of l-aspartic acid-carvedilol (ASP-CAR) co-amorphous systems at different ASP concentrations is measured and correlated with their physical stability. ASP-CAR films at ASP concentrations of 1-5% (w/w) were prepared by a newly developed method based on a vacuum compression molding process. Surface diffusion measurements were conducted on these systems based on the surface grating decay method using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results demonstrate that a small amount of ASP (i.e., ≤ 5% w/w) in the co-amorphous systems could significantly slow down the grating decay process compared with that of pure amorphous CAR, indicating a reduced surface diffusion of CAR molecules. The decay time gradually increased in co-amorphous systems with increasing ASP concentration from 1 to 5% (w/w), with the longest observed decay time of around 800 h for the 5%ASP-CAR system, which was more than 200 times longer compared to the decay time of pure amorphous CAR (approximately 3 h). A good correlation between the decay constants of the pure amorphous CAR and co-amorphous films at ASP concentrations of 1-5% (w/w) and the physical stability of corresponding amorphous powder samples was found. Overall, this study provides a new method to prepare co-amorphous films for surface property measurements and reveals the impact of surface diffusion on the physical stability of co-amorphous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - EnTe Hwu
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jacob Bannow
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Holger Grohganz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Rades
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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17
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Gröls J, Tasso Guaraldo T, Herdes C, Mattia D, Castro Dominguez B. Metal Oxide Foams for Pharmaceutical Amorphization. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00211f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The amorphization of pharmaceutical crystals is an effective strategy to enhance the bioavailability of poorly soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). However, this process can be challenging as these supramolecular structures...
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18
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Shi Q, Li F, Yeh S, Moinuddin SM, Xin J, Xu J, Chen H, Ling B. Recent Advances in Enhancement of Dissolution and Supersaturation of Poorly Water-Soluble Drug in Amorphous Pharmaceutical Solids: A Review. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 23:16. [PMID: 34893936 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02137-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Amorphization is one of the most effective pharmaceutical approaches to enhance the dissolution and oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. In recent years, amorphous formulations have been experiencing rapid development both in theoretical and practical application. Based on using different types of stabilizing agents, amorphous formulations can be mainly classified as polymer-based amorphous solid dispersion, coamorphous formulation, mesoporous silica-based amorphous formulation, etc. This paper summarizes recent advances in the dissolution and supersaturation of these amorphous formulations. Moreover, we also highlight the roles of stabilizing agents such as polymers, low molecular weight co-formers, and mesoporous silica. Maintaining supersaturation in solution is a key factor for the enhancement of dissolution profile and oral bioavailability, and thus, the strategies and challenges for maintaining supersaturation are also discussed. With an in-depth understanding of the inherent mechanisms of dissolution behaviors, the design of amorphous pharmaceutical formulations will become more scientific and reasonable, leading to vigorous development of commercial amorphous drug products.
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19
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Pešić N, Dapčević A, Ivković B, Kachrimanis K, Mitrić M, Ibrić S, Medarević D. Potential application of low molecular weight excipients for amorphization and dissolution enhancement of carvedilol. Int J Pharm 2021; 608:121033. [PMID: 34419592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, four low molecular weight (LMW) excipients, tryptophan (TRY), phenylalanine (PHE), lysine (LYS) and saccharin (SAC) were evaluated as co-formers to generate co-amorphous systems (CAMS) by ball milling with carvedilol (CRV). Mixtures of CRV and LMW excipient in 1:0.5, 1:1 and 1:2 drug:excipient molar ratios were ball milled and analysed by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform (FT-IR) infrared spectroscopy and dissolution testing. CAMS were formed by milling of a mixture of CRV with TRY in 1:2 M ratio and SAC in 1:1 M ratio, while amorphization of only CRV was achieved in other mixtures with SAC. In other samples containing TRY and PHE, milling resulted in partial amorphization, while LYS was the least suitable excipient for the amorphization of CRV. Unexpectedly, the highest supersaturation of CRV was achieved from samples containing CRV and LYS in 1:1 and 1:2 M ratios, despite the absence of a significant reduction in CRV crystallinity upon milling of these samples. Increase of hydrophobic surface area caused by milling of samples with TRY and PHE and agglomeration during dissolution testing of samples containing SAC are likely causes of poor dissolution performance of mixtures containing fully or partially amorphous CRV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Pešić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Dapčević
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branka Ivković
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Kyriakos Kachrimanis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Miodrag Mitrić
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Svetlana Ibrić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Djordje Medarević
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Shete S, Reddy SC, Lakshman YD, Vullendula SKA, Mehta CH, Nayak UY, Dengale S. Implications of phase solubility/miscibility and drug-rich phase formation on the performance of co-amorphous materials: The case of Darunavir co-amorphous materials with Ritonavir and Indomethacin as co-formers. Int J Pharm 2021; 608:121119. [PMID: 34560205 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the contribution of solid-state and the impact of composite drug-rich phase generated as a consequence of pH shift on the maximum achievable supersaturation of co-amorphous formulations. The co-amorphous phases of weak base-weak base-pair i.e. Ritonavir and Darunavir were prepared in anticipation of studying the effect of drug-rich phase consequent to pH shift. While the co-amorphous phases of weak base-Weak acid pair i.e. Darunavir and Indomethacin were studied to understand the manifestation of the solid-state drug: co-former miscibility in the absence of drug rich phase. Thermodynamically, the lowering of the supersaturation was found commensurate with the mole fraction of the respective component (Drug/Co-former) within the co-amorphous materials for both Darunavir: Ritonavir and Darunavir: Indomethacin pair. Kinetically, for Darunavir: Ritonavir co-amorphous materials, the shift in the pH from acidic to the neutral side led to the generation of drug-rich phase and subsequent LLPS. The free drug concentration achieved in the bulk of the solution was found dependent upon the mole fraction of the respective component within the drug-rich phase. The relative mole fraction of each component within the composite drug-rich phase is dictated by pH-dependent solubility and molecular weight of the individual components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushant Shete
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Sai Charan Reddy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Yarlagadda Dani Lakshman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Sai Krishna Anand Vullendula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Chetan Hasmukh Mehta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Usha Yogendra Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Swapnil Dengale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Changsari 781101, India.
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21
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Han J, Li L, Su M, Heng W, Wei Y, Gao Y, Qian S. Deaggregation and Crystallization Inhibition by Small Amount of Polymer Addition for a Co-Amorphous Curcumin-Magnolol System. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101725. [PMID: 34684018 PMCID: PMC8540313 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Different from previously reported co-amorphous systems, a co-amorphous curcumin-magnolol (CUR-MAG CM) system, as compared with its crystalline counterparts, exhibited decreased dissolution due to its aggregation during dissolution. The main purpose of the present study is to deaggregate CUR-MAG CM to optimize drug dissolution and explore the deaggregation mechanism involved. Herein, a small amount of polymer (HPMC, HPC, and PVP K30) was co-formulated at 5% (w/w) with CUR-MAG CM as ternary co-amorphous systems. The polymer addition changed the surface properties of CUR-MAG CM including improved water wettability enhanced surface free energy, and hence exerted a deaggregating effect. As a result, the ternary co-amorphous systems showed faster and higher dissolution as compared with crystalline CUR/MAG and CUR-MAG CM. In addition, the nucleation and crystal growth of dissolved CUR and MAG molecules were significantly inhibited by the added polymer, maintaining a supersaturated concentration for a long time. Furthermore, polymer addition increased the Tg of CUR-MAG CM, potentially involving molecular interactions and inhibiting molecular mobility, resulting in enhanced physical stability under 25 °C/60% RH and 40 °C/75% RH conditions. Therefore, this study provides a promising strategy to optimize the dissolution and physical stability of co-amorphous systems by deaggregation and crystallization inhibition via adding small amounts of polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yuan Gao
- Correspondence: (Y.G.); (S.Q.); Tel.: +86-25-83379418 (Y.G.); +86-139-1595-7175 (S.Q.)
| | - Shuai Qian
- Correspondence: (Y.G.); (S.Q.); Tel.: +86-25-83379418 (Y.G.); +86-139-1595-7175 (S.Q.)
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22
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Valkama E, Haluska O, Lehto VP, Korhonen O, Pajula K. Production and stability of amorphous solid dispersions produced by a Freeze-drying method from DMSO. Int J Pharm 2021; 606:120902. [PMID: 34293468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Freeze drying is known to be able to produce an amorphous product, but this approach has been mostly used with water-based media. With APIs which are virtually water insoluble, a more appropriate freeze-drying medium would be an organic solvent. Little is known about this approach in terms of forming a stable freeze-dried amorphous product stabilized by small molecule excipient out of organic solvents. In the present study, freeze-drying of APIs from DMSO solutions was used to produce stable solid dispersions from binary mixtures of APIs containing at least one poorly water soluble or practically water-insoluble API. The developed freeze-drying method produced amorphous binary solid dispersions which remained amorphous for at least two days while the 13 best binary dispersions remained stable at room temperature for the entire study period of 127 days. Average residual DMSO levels in dried dispersions were 3.5% ± 1.6%. The developed method proved feasible in producing relatively stable amorphous solid dispersions from practically water insoluble drug compounds which could subsequently be used in further research purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eetu Valkama
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ondřej Haluska
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vesa-Pekka Lehto
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ossi Korhonen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Katja Pajula
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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Liu J, Rades T, Grohganz H. The influence of moisture on the storage stability of co-amorphous systems. Int J Pharm 2021; 605:120802. [PMID: 34144131 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Co-amorphization has been utilized to improve the physical stability of the respective neat amorphous drugs. However, physical stability of co-amorphous systems is mostly investigated under dry conditions, leaving the potential influence of moisture on storage stability unclear. In this study, carvedilol-L-aspartic acid (CAR-ASP) co-amorphous systems at CAR to ASP molar ratios from 3:1 to 1:3 were investigated under non-dry conditions at two temperatures, i.e., 25 °C 55 %RH and 40 °C 55 %RH. Under these conditions, the highest physical stability of CAR-ASP systems was observed at the 1:1 M ratio. This finding differed from the optimal molar ratio previously obtained under dry conditions (CAR-ASP 1:1.5). Molecular interactions between CAR and ASP were affected by moisture, and salt disproportionation occurred during storage. Morphological differences of systems at different molar ratios could be observed already after one week of storage. Furthermore, variable temperature X-ray powder diffraction measurements showed that excess CAR or excess ASP, existing in the binary systems, resulted in a faster recrystallization compared to equimolar system. Overall, this study emphasizes the influence of moisture on co-amorphous systems during storage, and provides options to determine the optimal ratio of co-amorphous systems in presence of moisture at comparatively short storage times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Rades
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Holger Grohganz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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24
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Yarlagadda DL, Sai Krishna Anand V, Nair AR, Navya Sree KS, Dengale SJ, Bhat K. Considerations for the selection of co-formers in the preparation of co-amorphous formulations. Int J Pharm 2021; 602:120649. [PMID: 33915186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Co-amorphous drug delivery systems are evolving as a credible alternative to amorphous solid dispersions technology. In Co-amorphous systems (CAMs), a drug is stabilized in amorphous form using small molecular weight compounds called as co-formers. A wide variety of small molecular weight co-formers have been leveraged in the preparation of CAMs. The stability and supersaturation potential of prepared co-amorphous phases largely depend on the type of co-former employed in the CAMs. However, the rationality behind the co-former selection in co-amorphous systems is poorly understood and scarcely compiled in the literature. There are various facets to the rational selection of co-former for CAMs. In this context, the present review compiles various factors affecting the co-former selection. The factors have been broadly classified under Thermodynamic, Kinetic and Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacologically relevant parameters. In particular, the importance of Glass transition, Miscibility, Liquid-Liquid phase separation (LLPS), Crystallization inhibition has been deliberated in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dani Lakshman Yarlagadda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, India
| | - Vullendula Sai Krishna Anand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, India
| | - Athira R Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, India
| | - K S Navya Sree
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, India
| | - Swapnil J Dengale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, India
| | - Krishnamurthy Bhat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576 104, India.
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Co-Amorphous Drug Formulations in Numbers: Recent Advances in Co-Amorphous Drug Formulations with Focus on Co-Formability, Molar Ratio, Preparation Methods, Physical Stability, In Vitro and In Vivo Performance, and New Formulation Strategies. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13030389. [PMID: 33804159 PMCID: PMC7999207 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-amorphous drug delivery systems (CAMS) are characterized by the combination of two or more (initially crystalline) low molecular weight components that form a homogeneous single-phase amorphous system. Over the past decades, CAMS have been widely investigated as a promising approach to address the challenge of low water solubility of many active pharmaceutical ingredients. Most of the studies on CAMS were performed on a case-by-case basis, and only a few systematic studies are available. A quantitative analysis of the literature on CAMS under certain aspects highlights not only which aspects have been of great interest, but also which future developments are necessary to expand this research field. This review provides a comprehensive updated overview on the current published work on CAMS using a quantitative approach, focusing on three critical quality attributes of CAMS, i.e., co-formability, physical stability, and dissolution performance. Specifically, co-formability, molar ratio of drug and co-former, preparation methods, physical stability, and in vitro and in vivo performance were covered. For each aspect, a quantitative assessment on the current status was performed, allowing both recent advances and remaining research gaps to be identified. Furthermore, novel research aspects such as the design of ternary CAMS are discussed.
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Abstract
Co-amorphous (CAM) systems are promising drug-delivery systems in the arena of therapeutic drug delivery, addressing the poor aqueous solubility of drugs by enhancing solubility and thereby improving the oral bioavailability and therapeutic effect of the drug. A CAM system is a single-phase homogeneous blend of two or more low molecular weight molecules that can be drug–drug or drug–co-former, stabilized via intermolecular interactions, adding the benefit of thermodynamic stability. This review covers the fundamentals of CAM systems and recent advances in formulation development. In particular, we strive to address the theoretical, molecular, technical and biopharmaceutical aspects, advantages over polymeric amorphous solid dispersions, mechanisms of stabilization of amorphous forms, insights into unexplored in silico tools in excipient selection and regulatory viewpoints.
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Narala S, Nyavanandi D, Srinivasan P, Mandati P, Bandari S, Repka MA. Pharmaceutical Co-Crystals, Salts, and Co-Amorphous Systems: A Novel Opportunity of Hot Melt Extrusion. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021; 61:102209. [PMID: 33717230 PMCID: PMC7946067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing the solubility of active drug ingredients is a major challenge faced by scientists and researchers. Different approaches have been explored for the enhancement of solubility and physicochemical properties of drugs, without affecting their stability or pharmacological activity. Among the various strategies available, pharmaceutical co-crystals, co-amorphous systems, and pharmaceutical salts as multicomponent systems (MCS) have gained interest to improve physicochemical properties of drugs. Development of MCS by conventional methods involves the utilization of excess amount of solvents, thus, making the product prone to instability, and may also cause harmful side effects in patients. Scale up is critical and involves the investment of huge capital and time. Lately, hot-melt extrusion has been utilized in the development of MCS to enhance solubility, bioavailability, stability, and physicochemical properties of the drugs. In this review, the authors discussed the development of different MCS produced via hot-melt extrusion technology. Specifically, approaches for screening of co-formers and co-crystals, selection of excipients for co-amorphous systems, pharmaceutical salts, and significance of MCS and process parameters affecting product quality are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Narala
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Dinesh Nyavanandi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Priyanka Srinivasan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Preethi Mandati
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Suresh Bandari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Michael A. Repka
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
- Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
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Co-Amorphous Formulations of Furosemide with Arginine and P-Glycoprotein Inhibitor Drugs. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020171. [PMID: 33514009 PMCID: PMC7912042 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the amino acid arginine (ARG) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitors verapamil hydrochloride (VER), piperine (PIP) and quercetin (QRT) were used as co-formers for co-amorphous mixtures of a Biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS) class IV drug, furosemide (FUR). FUR mixtures with VER, PIP and QRT were prepared by solvent evaporation, and mixtures with ARG were prepared by spray drying in 1:1 and 1:2 molar ratios. The solid-state properties of the mixtures were characterized with X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in stability studies under different storage conditions. Simultaneous dissolution/permeation studies were conducted in side-by-side diffusion cells with a PAMPA (parallel artificial membrane permeability assay) membrane as a permeation barrier. It was observed with XRPD that ARG, VER and PIP formed co-amorphous mixtures with FUR at both molar ratios. DSC and FTIR revealed single glass transition values for the mixtures (except for FUR:VER 1:2), with the formation of intermolecular interactions between the components, especially salt formation between FUR and ARG. The co-amorphous mixtures were found to be stable for at least two months under an elevated temperature/humidity, except FUR:ARG 1:2, which was sensitive to humidity. The dissolution/permeation studies showed that only the co-amorphous FUR:ARG mixtures were able to enhance both the dissolution and permeation of FUR. Thus, it is concluded that formulating co-amorphous salts with ARG may be a promising option for poorly soluble/permeable FUR.
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Han J, Wei Y, Lu Y, Wang R, Zhang J, Gao Y, Qian S. Co-amorphous systems for the delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs: recent advances and an update. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2020; 17:1411-1435. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2020.1796631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yuanfeng Wei
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yan Lu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Runze Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Qian
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
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Ruponen M, Rusanen H, Laitinen R. Dissolution and Permeability Properties of Co-Amorphous Formulations of Hydrochlorothiazide. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:2252-2261. [PMID: 32315662 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A biopharmaceutics classification system class IV drug, hydrochlorothiazide (HCT), was combined with co-formers of L-and d-arginine (ARG) and sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) by cryomilling in 1:1 molar ratio. Co-amorphization was observed with L- and D-ARG. These mixtures showed a single glass transition, evidence of possible salt formation and improved physical stability at elevated temperatures and/or humidity when compared with amorphous HCT. The co-amorphous formulations, along with the combinations of HCT and HCT:L-ARG with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in 1:1 mass ratio, were investigated with a simultaneous dissolution/permeation setup using parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA) or Madine Darby kidney cells (MDCKII) as the permeation barrier. It was observed that co-amorphization with L-ARG and D-ARG was able to induce a supersaturated state for HCT, possibly through intermolecular interactions, but there was virtually no difference between the dissolution properties of the mixtures formed with the 2 optical isomers of ARG. The permeability of HCT was found to be dependent on the dissolution properties of the formulations in both PAMPA and cellular barrier experiments. Thus, co-amorphization of HCT with L- and D-ARG demonstrated the possibility to enhance the dissolution and thereby the permeation potential of a BCS class IV drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Ruponen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O.Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Henna Rusanen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O.Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Riikka Laitinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O.Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
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31
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Moinuddin SM, Shi Q, Tao J, Guo M, Zhang J, Xue Q, Ruan S, Cai T. Enhanced Physical Stability and Synchronized Release of Febuxostat and Indomethacin in Coamorphous Solids. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:41. [PMID: 31898765 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1578-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Coamorphous formulation, a homogeneous monophasic amorphous system composed of multiple components, has been demonstrated as an effective approach for delivering drugs with poor aqueous solubility. In this study, we prepared the coamorphous system composed of two poorly soluble drugs febuxostat (FEB) and indomethacin (IMC) by using cryogenic milling. The combination of these two drugs in the coamorphous form can attain a synergistic effect, especially on gout therapy. Coamorphous solid of FEB and IMC in 1:1 molar ratio exhibited superior physical stability compared with the individual amorphous components, as evidenced by X-ray powder diffractions after 30 days of storage at ambient and elevated temperature. In addition, the FEB-IMC coamorphous system has been demonstrated to show enhanced dissolution performance. The intrinsic dissolution rates of two components in the coamorphous system exhibited the synchronized drug release. Based on the FT-IR spectroscopy, the excellent physical stability and synchronized release of FEB-IMC coamorphous system could be attributed to the heterodimer structure formed by strong hydrogen bonding interactions between these drugs. Furthermore, the supersaturation potential of FEB-IMC coamorphous solids was also investigated through the cosolvent quenching method. The FEB-IMC coamorphous system can effectively inhibit the fast crystallization of FEB in the supersaturated solution. However, the maximum achievable supersaturation of IMC in the coamorphous system decreases to only one fifth of that achieved for the pure amorphous IMC. These results are relevant for understanding the physical stability and complex solution behaviors of the coamorphous formulation.
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Cruz-Angeles J, Videa M, Martínez LM. Highly Soluble Glimepiride and Irbesartan Co-amorphous Formulation with Potential Application in Combination Therapy. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:144. [PMID: 30887140 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1359-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
One-third of the population of the USA suffers from metabolic syndrome (MetS). Treatment of patients with MetS regularly includes drugs prescribed simultaneously to treat diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the development of novel multidrug formulations is recommended. However, the main problem with these drugs is their low solubility. The use of binary co-amorphous systems emerges as a promising strategy to increase drug solubility. In the present study, irbesartan (IBS) and glimepiride (GMP), class II active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), widely used in the treatment of arterial hypertension and diabetes, were selected to develop a novel binary co-amorphous system with remarkable enhancement in the dissolution of both APIs. The phase diagram of IBS-GMP was constructed and co-amorphous systems were prepared by melt-quench, in a wide range of compositions. Dissolution profile (studied at pH 1.2 and 37°C for mole fractions 0.01, 0.1, and 0.5) demonstrated that the xGMP = 0.01 formulation presents the highest enhancement in its dissolution. GMP went from being practically insoluble to reach 3.9 ± 0.9 μg/mL, and IBS showed a 12-fold increment with respect to the dissolution of its crystalline form. Infrared studies showed that the increase in the dissolution profile is related to the intermolecular interactions (hydrogen bonds), which were dependent of composition. Results of structural and thermal characterization performed by XRD and DSC showed that samples have remained in amorphous state for more than 10 months of storage. This work contributes to the development of a highly soluble co-amorphous drugs with potential used in the treatment of MetS.
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Newman A, Zografi G. An Examination of Water Vapor Sorption by Multicomponent Crystalline and Amorphous Solids and Its Effects on Their Solid-State Properties. J Pharm Sci 2019; 108:1061-1080. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2018.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Shi Q, Moinuddin SM, Cai T. Advances in coamorphous drug delivery systems. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:19-35. [PMID: 30766775 PMCID: PMC6361732 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the coamorphous drug delivery system has been established as a promising formulation approach for delivering poorly water-soluble drugs. The coamorphous solid is a single-phase system containing an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and other low molecular weight molecules that might be pharmacologically relevant APIs or excipients. These formulations exhibit considerable advantages over neat crystalline or amorphous material, including improved physical stability, dissolution profiles, and potentially enhanced therapeutic efficacy. This review provides a comprehensive overview of coamorphous drug delivery systems from the perspectives of preparation, physicochemical characteristics, physical stability, in vitro and in vivo performance. Furthermore, the challenges and strategies in developing robust coamorphous drug products of high quality and performance are briefly discussed.
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Key Words
- API, active pharmaceutical ingredient;
- AUC, area under plasma concentrations-time curve
- BCS, bio-pharmaceutics classification systems
- Bioavailability
- Characterization
- Cmax, maximum plasma concentration
- Coamorphous
- Css, plasma concentration at steady state
- DSC, differential scanning calorimetry
- DVS, dynamic vapor sorption
- Dc, relative degree of crystallization
- Dissolution
- FT-IR, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- HME, hot melt extrusion
- HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography
- IDR, intrinsic dissolution rate
- LFRS, low-frequency Raman spectroscopy
- LLPS, liquid—liquid phase separation
- MTDSC, modulated temperature differential scanning calorimetry
- NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance
- P-gp, P-glycoprotein
- PXRD, powder X-ray diffraction
- Physical stability
- Preparation
- RH, relative humidity
- SEM, scanning electron microscope
- TGA, thermogravimetric analysis
- Tg, glass transition temperature
- Tmax, time of maximum plasma concentration
- UV, ultraviolet spectroscopy
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ting Cai
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +86 25 83271123.
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35
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Ziaee A, Albadarin AB, Padrela L, Femmer T, O'Reilly E, Walker G. Spray drying of pharmaceuticals and biopharmaceuticals: Critical parameters and experimental process optimization approaches. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 127:300-318. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Wei Y, Zhou S, Hao T, Zhang J, Gao Y, Qian S. Further enhanced dissolution and oral bioavailability of docetaxel by coamorphization with a natural P-gp inhibitor myricetin. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 129:21-30. [PMID: 30590119 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The current study aims to improve the dissolution and oral bioavailability of a BCS IV drug docetaxel (DOC) by coamorphization with a natural P-gp inhibitor myricetin (MYR). A single-phase coamorphous form of DOC with MYR in a 1:1 molar ratio was prepared by solvent-evaporation method and characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis and powder X-ray diffraction. In comparison to crystalline DOC, amorphous DOC showed similar equilibrium aqueous solubility, temporary improvement in the intrinsic dissolution rate (IDR) and supersaturated dissolution; while coamorphous DOC-MYR exhibited a persistent enhanced IDR and prolonged highly supersaturated dissolution. In addition, coamorphous DOC-MYR demonstrated significantly superior physical stability compared to amorphous DOC under the long-term storage condition and accelerated condition. Compared with oral administration of crystalline DOC to rats, amorphous DOC showed a significant increase in Cmax (2.6-fold) and a marginal increase in AUC (1.3-fold) of DOC; but coamorphous DOC-MYR performed a 3.9-fold higher Cmax and 3.1-fold higher AUC. In conclusion, coamorphization of DOC with MYR was a promising approach to enhance both dissolution and oral absorption of poorly soluble and permeable DOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfeng Wei
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Shengyan Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Tianyun Hao
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Shuai Qian
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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37
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Russo MG, Baldoni HA, Dávila YA, Brusau EV, Ellena JA, Narda GE. Rational Design of a Famotidine-Ibuprofen Coamorphous System: An Experimental and Theoretical Study. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:8772-8782. [PMID: 30160964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b06105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Famotidine (FMT) and ibuprofen (IBU) were used as model drugs to obtain coamorphous systems, where the guanidine moiety of the antacid and the carboxylic group of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug could potentially participate in H-bonds leading to a given structural motif. The systems were prepared in 3:7, 1:1, and 7:3 FMT and IBU molar ratios, respectively. The latter two became amorphous after 180 min of comilling. FMT-IBU (1:1) exhibited a higher physical stability in assays at 4, 25, and 40 °C up to 60 days. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy accounted for important modifications in the vibrational behavior of those functional groups, allowing us to ascribe the skill of 1:1 FMT-IBU for remaining amorphous to equimolar interactions between both components. Density functional theory calculations followed by quantum theory of atoms in molecules analysis were then conducted to support the presence of the expected FMT-IBU heterodimer with consequent formation of a R228 structural motif. The electron density (ρ) and its Laplacian (∇2ρ) values suggested a high strength of the specific intermolecular interactions. Molecular dynamics simulations to build an amorphous assembly, followed by radial distribution function analysis on the modeled phase were further employed. The results demonstrate that it is a feasible rational design of a coamorphous system, satisfactorily stabilized by molecular-level interactions leading to the expected motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos G Russo
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia , Universidad Nacional de San Luis , Chacabuco 917 , D5700HOJ San Luis , Argentina.,Instituto de Investigación en Tecnología Química (INTEQUI-UNSL), CONICET , Almirante Brown 1455 , D5700HGC San Luis , Argentina
| | - Hector A Baldoni
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia , Universidad Nacional de San Luis , Chacabuco 917 , D5700HOJ San Luis , Argentina.,Instituto de Matemática Aplicada San Luis (IMASL-UNSL), CONICET , Italia 1556 , D5700HHW San Luis , Argentina
| | - Yamina A Dávila
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia , Universidad Nacional de San Luis , Chacabuco 917 , D5700HOJ San Luis , Argentina.,Instituto de Investigación en Tecnología Química (INTEQUI-UNSL), CONICET , Almirante Brown 1455 , D5700HGC San Luis , Argentina
| | - Elena V Brusau
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia , Universidad Nacional de San Luis , Chacabuco 917 , D5700HOJ San Luis , Argentina.,Instituto de Investigación en Tecnología Química (INTEQUI-UNSL), CONICET , Almirante Brown 1455 , D5700HGC San Luis , Argentina
| | - Javier A Ellena
- Instituto de Fisica de São Carlos , Universidad de São Paulo , CP 369, 13560-970 São Carlos , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Griselda E Narda
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia , Universidad Nacional de San Luis , Chacabuco 917 , D5700HOJ San Luis , Argentina.,Instituto de Investigación en Tecnología Química (INTEQUI-UNSL), CONICET , Almirante Brown 1455 , D5700HGC San Luis , Argentina
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Co-Amorphous Simvastatin-Nifedipine with Enhanced Solubility for Possible Use in Combination Therapy of Hypertension and Hypercholesterolemia. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092161. [PMID: 30154310 PMCID: PMC6225140 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The high index of simultaneous incidence of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia in the population of many countries demands the preparation of more efficient drugs. Therefore, there is a significant area of opportunity to provide as many alternatives as possible to treat these illnesses. Taking advantage of the solubility enhancement that can be achieved when an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is obtained and stabilized in its amorphous state, in the present work, new drug-drug co-amorphous formulations (Simvastatin SIM- Nifedipine NIF) with enhanced solubility and stability were prepared and characterized. Results show that the co-amorphous system (molar ratio 1:1) is more soluble than the pure commercial APIs studied separately. Aqueous dissolution profiles showed increments of solubility of 3.7 and 1.7 times for SIM and NIF, correspondingly, in the co-amorphous system. The new co-amorphous formulations, monitored in time, (molar fractions 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 of SIM) remained stable in the amorphous state for more than one year when stored at room temperature and did not show any signs of crystallization when re-heating. Inspection on the remainder of a sample after six hours of dissolution showed no recrystallization, confirming the stability of co-amorphous system. The enhanced solubility of the co-amorphous formulations makes them promising for simultaneously targeting of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia through combination therapy.
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Ruponen M, Visti M, Ojarinta R, Laitinen R. Permeability of glibenclamide through a PAMPA membrane: The effect of co-amorphization. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 129:247-256. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Wu W, Ueda H, Löbmann K, Rades T, Grohganz H. Organic acids as co-formers for co-amorphous systems - Influence of variation in molar ratio on the physicochemical properties of the co-amorphous systems. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 131:25-32. [PMID: 30040997 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Co-amorphous drug delivery systems are attracting increasing attention in the pharmaceutical field, due to their promising potential to improve the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. In this study, three organic acids, namely benzoic acid, malic acid and citric acid, were investigated as co-formers for the weakly basic drug carvedilol. It was hypothesised that the mono-, di- and triprotic nature of the organic acids could result in co-amorphous salt formation with carvedilol at the respective stoichiometric molar ratios, leading to different physicochemical properties of the co-amorphous samples. The carvedilol-organic acid samples were spray dried at molar ratios from 1:4 to 4:1 and amorphous products were obtained for all mixtures except for carvedilol-benzoic acid at a molar ratio of 1:4. A positive deviation of the glass transition temperature compared to the Gordon-Taylor equation was seen for all co-amorphous samples. Salt formation was confirmed by FTIR, but interestingly complete salt formation did not simply follow the molar ratio of the number of basic and acidic groups, most likely due to steric hindrance. As more than one molecule of carvedilol was found to be involved in most co-amorphous systems with the organic acids, this approach allows for a higher "drug loading" compared to other co-formers that usually form co-amorphous systems at a 1:1 M ratio. In addition, the large number of available organic acids offers various options for selecting co-formers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hiroshi Ueda
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Research Laboratory for Development, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Korbinian Löbmann
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Rades
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Holger Grohganz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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41
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Karagianni A, Kachrimanis K, Nikolakakis I. Co-Amorphous Solid Dispersions for Solubility and Absorption Improvement of Drugs: Composition, Preparation, Characterization and Formulations for Oral Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:pharmaceutics10030098. [PMID: 30029516 PMCID: PMC6161132 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10030098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The amorphous solid state offers an improved apparent solubility and dissolution rate. However, due to thermodynamic instability and recrystallization tendencies during processing, storage and dissolution, their potential application is limited. For this reason, the production of amorphous drugs with adequate stability remains a major challenge and formulation strategies based on solid molecular dispersions are being exploited. Co-amorphous systems are a new formulation approach where the amorphous drug is stabilized through strong intermolecular interactions by a low molecular co-former. This review covers several topics applicable to co-amorphous drug delivery systems. In particular, it describes recent advances in the co-amorphous composition, preparation and solid-state characterization, as well as improvements of dissolution performance and absorption are detailed. Examples of drug-drug, drug-carboxylic acid and drug-amino acid co-amorphous dispersions interacting via hydrogen bonding, π−π interactions and ionic forces, are presented together with corresponding final dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Karagianni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Kyriakos Kachrimanis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Ioannis Nikolakakis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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42
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Newman A, Reutzel-Edens SM, Zografi G. Coamorphous Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient-Small Molecule Mixtures: Considerations in the Choice of Coformers for Enhancing Dissolution and Oral Bioavailability. J Pharm Sci 2017; 107:5-17. [PMID: 28989014 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In the recent years, coamorphous systems, containing an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and a small molecule coformer have appeared as alternatives to the use of either amorphous solid dispersions containing polymer or cocrystals of API and small molecule coformers, to improve the dissolution and oral bioavailability of poorly soluble crystalline API. This Commentary article considers the relative properties of amorphous solid dispersions and coamorphous systems in terms of methods of preparation; miscibility; glass transition temperature; physical stability; hygroscopicity; and aqueous dissolution. It also considers important questions concerning the fundamental criteria to be used for the proper selection of a small molecule coformer regarding its ability to form either coamorphous or cocrystal systems. Finally, we consider various aspects of product development that are specifically associated with the formulation of commercial coamorphous systems as solid oral dosage forms. These include coformer selection; screening; methods of preparation; preformulation; physical stability; bioavailability; and final formulation. Through such an analysis of coamorphous API-small molecule coformer systems, against the more widely studied API-polymer dispersions and cocrystals, it is believed that the strengths and weaknesses of coamorphous systems can be better understood, leading to more efficient formulation and manufacture of such systems for enhancing oral bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Newman
- Seventh Street Development Group LLC, Kure Beach, North Carolina 28449.
| | - Susan M Reutzel-Edens
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285
| | - George Zografi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
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43
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Laitinen R, Löbmann K, Grohganz H, Priemel P, Strachan CJ, Rades T. Supersaturating drug delivery systems: The potential of co-amorphous drug formulations. Int J Pharm 2017; 532:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.08.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Martínez LM, Videa M, Sosa NG, Ramírez JH, Castro S. Long-Term Stability of New Co-Amorphous Drug Binary Systems: Study of Glass Transitions as a Function of Composition and Shelf Time. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21121712. [PMID: 27983640 PMCID: PMC6272840 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21121712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The amorphous state is of particular interest in the pharmaceutical industry due to the higher solubility that amorphous active pharmaceutical ingredients show compared to their respective crystalline forms. Due to their thermodynamic instability, drugs in the amorphous state tend to recrystallize; in order to avoid crystallization, it has been a common strategy to add a second component to hinder the crystalline state and form a thermally stable co-amorphous system, that is to say, an amorphous binary system which retains its amorphous structure. The second component can be a small molecule excipient (such as a sugar or an aminoacid) or a second drug, with the advantage that a second active pharmaceutical ingredient could be used for complementary or combined therapeutic purposes. In most cases, the compositions studied are limited to 1:1, 2:1 and 1:2 molar ratios, leaving a gap of information about phase transitions and stability on the amorphous state in a wider range of compositions. In the present work, a study of novel co–amorphous formulations in which the selection of the active pharmaceutical ingredients was made according to the therapeutic effect is presented. Resistance against crystallization and behavior of glass transition temperature (Tg were studied through calorimetric measurements as a function of composition and shelf time. It was found that binary formulations with Tg temperatures higher than those of pure components presented long-term thermal stability. In addition, significant increments of Tg values, of as much as 15 ∘C, were detected as a result of glass relaxation at room temperature during storage time; this behavior of glass transition has not been previously reported for co-amorphous drugs. Based on these results, it can be concluded that monitoring behavior of Tg and relaxation processes during the first weeks of storage leads to a more objective evaluation of the thermomechanical stability of an amorphous formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz María Martínez
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur. Monterrey N.L., México 64849, Mexico.
- Department of Chemistry and Nanotechnology, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur. Monterrey N.L., México 64849, Mexico.
| | - Marcelo Videa
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur. Monterrey N.L., México 64849, Mexico.
- Department of Chemistry and Nanotechnology, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur. Monterrey N.L., México 64849, Mexico.
| | - Nahida González Sosa
- Department of Chemistry and Nanotechnology, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur. Monterrey N.L., México 64849, Mexico.
| | - José Héctor Ramírez
- Department of Chemistry and Nanotechnology, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur. Monterrey N.L., México 64849, Mexico.
| | - Samuel Castro
- Department of Chemistry and Nanotechnology, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur. Monterrey N.L., México 64849, Mexico.
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Qian S, Li Z, Heng W, Liang S, Ma D, Gao Y, Zhang J, Wei Y. Charge-assisted intermolecular hydrogen bond formed in coamorphous system is important to relieve the pH-dependent solubility behavior of lurasidone hydrochloride. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra18022a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In comparison to amorphous LH, coamorphous LH-REP without evidence of intermolecular hydrogen bond, exhibited greatly improved solubility with pH-dependent behavior, significantly enhanced dissolution rate and physical stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Qian
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R. China
| | - Zhen Li
- School of Pharmacy
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R. China
| | - Weili Heng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R. China
| | - Shujun Liang
- School of Pharmacy
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R. China
| | - Di Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R. China
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R. China
| | - Yuanfeng Wei
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R. China
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