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Lu K, Pan X, Zheng J, Cheng D, Zheng L, Zhang X. Theranostic nanoparticles ZIF-8@ICG for pH/NIR-responsive drug-release and NIR-guided chemo-phototherapy against non-small-cell lung cancer. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2024; 35:32. [PMID: 38896160 PMCID: PMC11186913 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-024-06802-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
This study leverages nanotechnology by encapsulating indocyanine green (ICG) and paclitaxel (Tax) using zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-8 (ZIF-8) as a scaffold. This study aims to investigate the chemo-photothermal therapeutic potential of ZIF-8@ICG@Tax nanoparticles (NPs) in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). An "all-in-one" theranostic ZIF-8@ICG@Tax NPs was conducted by self-assembly based on electrostatic interaction. First, the photothermal effect, stability, pH responsiveness, drug release, and blood compatibility of ZIF-8@ICG@Tax were evaluated through in vitro testing. Furthermore, the hepatic and renal toxicity of ZIF-8@ICG@Tax were assessed through in vivo testing. Additionally, the anticancer effects of these nanoparticles were investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Uniform and stable chemo-photothermal ZIF-8@ICG@Tax NPs had been successfully synthesized and had outstanding drug releasing capacities. Moreover, ZIF-8@ICG@Tax NPs showed remarkable responsiveness dependent both on pH in the tumor microenvironment and NIR irradiation, allowing for targeted drug delivery and controlled drug release. NIR irradiation can enhance the tumor cell response to ZIF-8@ICG@Tax uptake, thereby promoting the anti-tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. ZIF-8@ICG@Tax and NIR irradiation have demonstrated remarkable synergistic anti-tumor growth properties compared to their individual components. This novel theranostic chemo-photothermal NPs hold great potential as a viable treatment option for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiming Lu
- Department of Operating Room, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, PR China
| | - Xiongfeng Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cangnan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325800, PR China
| | - Jinyu Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, PR China
| | - Dezhi Cheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, PR China
| | - Liangcheng Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, PR China
| | - Xinbo Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, PR China.
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Yoder AK, Xu T, Youssef P, DeSnyder S, Marqueen KE, Isales L, Lin R, Smith BD, Woodward WA, Stauder MC, Strom EA, Aldrich MB, Shaitelman SF. Association Between Symptom Burden and Early Lymphatic Abnormalities After Regional Nodal Irradiation for Breast Cancer. Pract Radiat Oncol 2024; 14:e180-e189. [PMID: 37914083 PMCID: PMC11058114 DOI: 10.1016/j.prro.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dermal backflow visualized on near-infrared fluorescence lymphatic imaging (NIRF-LI) signals preclinical lymphedema that precedes the development of volumetrically defined lymphedema. We sought to evaluate whether dermal backflow correlates with patient-reported lymphedema outcomes (PRLO) surveys in breast cancer patients treated with regional nodal irradiation (RNI). METHODS AND MATERIALS Patients with breast cancer planned for axillary dissection and RNI prospectively underwent perometry, NIRF-LI, and PRLOs (the Lymphedema Symptom Intensity and Distress Survey [LSIDS] and QuickDASH) at baseline, after surgery, and at 6, 12, and 18 months after radiation. Clinical lymphedema was defined as an arm volume increase ≥5% over baseline. Trends over time were assessed using analysis of variance testing. The association between survey responses and both dermal backflow and lymphedema was assessed using a linear mixed-effects model. RESULTS Sixty participants completed at least 2 sets of measurements and surveys and were eligible for analysis. Fifty-four percent of patients had cT3-T4 disease, 53% cN3 disease, and 75% had a body mass index >25. Dermal backflow and clinical lymphedema increased from 10% to 85% and from 0% to 40%, respectively, from baseline to 18 months. In the adjusted model, soft tissue sensation, neurologic sensation, and functional LSIDS subscale scores were associated with presence of dermal backflow (all P < .05). Both dermal backflow and lymphedema were associated with QuickDASH score (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS In this high-risk cohort, we found highly prevalent early signs of lymphedema, with increased symptom burden from baseline. Presence of dermal backflow correlated with PRLO measures, highlighting a potential NIRF-LI use to identify patients for early intervention trials after RNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison K Yoder
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Tianlin Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Sarah DeSnyder
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kathryn E Marqueen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lynn Isales
- Department of Breast Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ruitao Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Benjamin D Smith
- Department of Breast Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wendy A Woodward
- Department of Breast Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Michael C Stauder
- Department of Breast Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Eric A Strom
- Department of Breast Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Melissa B Aldrich
- Center for Molecular Imaging, The Brown Foundation Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Simona F Shaitelman
- Department of Breast Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Mayer JM, Spies SI, Mayer CK, Zubler C, Loucas R, Holzbach T. How to Treat a Cyclist's Nodule?-Introduction of a Novel, ICG-Assisted Approach. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1124. [PMID: 38398438 PMCID: PMC10889187 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13041124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perineal nodular induration (PNI) is a benign proliferation of the soft tissue in the perineal region that is associated with saddle sports, especially road cycling. The etiology has not been conclusively clarified; however, repeated microtrauma to the collagen and subcutaneous fat tissue by pressure, vibration and shear forces is considered a mechanical pathomechanism. In this context, chronic lymphedema resulting in the development of fibrous tissue has been suggested as an etiological pathway of PNI. The primary aim of this study was to introduce and elucidate a novel operative technique regarding PNI that is assisted by indocyanine green (ICG). In order to provide some context for this approach, we conducted a comprehensive review of the existing literature. This dual objective aimed to contribute to the existing body of knowledge while introducing an innovative surgical approach for managing PNI. METHODS We reviewed publications relating to PNI published between 1990 and 2023. In addition to the thorough review of the literature, we presented our novel surgical approach. We described how this elaborate approach for extensive cases of PNI involves surgical excision combined with tissue doubling and intraoperative ICG visualization for exact lymphatic vessel obliteration to minimize the risk of recurrence based on the presumed context of lymphatic congestion. RESULTS The literature research yielded 16 PubMed articles encompassing 23 cases of perineal nodular induration (PNI) or cyclist's nodule. Of these, 9 cases involved females, and 14 involved males. Conservative treatment was documented in 7 cases (30%), while surgical approaches were reported in 16 cases (70%). Notably, a limited number of articles focused on histopathological or radiological characteristics, with a shortage of structured reviews on surgical treatment options. Only two articles provided detailed insights into surgical techniques. Similarly to the two cases of surgical intervention identified in the literature research, the post-operative recovery in our ICG assisted surgical approach was prompt, meaning a return to cycling was possible six weeks after surgery. At the end of the observation period (twelve months after surgery), regular scar formation and no signs of recurrence were seen. CONCLUSION We hope that this article draws attention to the condition of PNI in times of increasing popularity of cycling as a sport. We aimed to contribute to the existing body of knowledge through our thorough review of the existing literature while introducing an innovative surgical approach for managing PNI. Due to the successful outcome, the combination of tissue doubling, intraoperative ICG visualization and postoperative negative wound therapy should be considered as a therapeutic strategy in cases of large PNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius M. Mayer
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Sophie I. Spies
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Carla K. Mayer
- Department of Urology, Spital Thurgau, 8500 Frauenfeld, Switzerland
| | - Cédric Zubler
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Rafael Loucas
- Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery, Spital Thurgau, 8500 Frauenfeld, Switzerland; (R.L.); (T.H.)
| | - Thomas Holzbach
- Department of Hand and Plastic Surgery, Spital Thurgau, 8500 Frauenfeld, Switzerland; (R.L.); (T.H.)
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Chen J, Li J, Zhong C, Ling Y, Liu D, Li X, Xu J, Liu Q, Guo Y, Wang L. Nanobody-loaded nanobubbles targeting the G250 antigen with ultrasound/photoacoustic/fluorescence multimodal imaging capabilities for specifically enhanced imaging of RCC. NANOSCALE 2023; 16:343-359. [PMID: 38062769 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04097f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Clinicians have attempted to discover a noninvasive, easy-to-perform, and accurate method to distinguish benign and malignant renal masses. The targeted nanobubbles (NBs) we constructed that target the specific membrane antigen of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), G250, and contain indocyanine green (ICG) provide multimodal enhanced imaging capability in ultrasound/photoacoustic/fluorescence for RCC which may possibly solve this problem. In this study, we encapsulated ICG in the lipid shell of the NBs by mechanical oscillation, then anti-G250 nanobodies (AGN) were coupled to the surfaces by the biotin-streptavidin bridge method, and the nanobubble named AGN/ICG-NB was completely constructed. The average particle diameter of the prepared AGN/ICG-NBs was (427.2 ± 4.50) nm, and the zeta potential was (-13.33 ± 1.01) mV. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry confirmed the specific binding capability of AGN/ICG-NBs to G250-positive cells. In vitro imaging experiments confirmed the multimodal imaging capability of AGN/ICG-NBs, and the in vivo imaging experiments demonstrated the specifically enhanced ability of AGN/ICG-NBs for ultrasound/photoacoustic/fluorescence imaging of human-derived RCC tumors. The biosafety of AGN/ICG-NB was verified by CCK-8 assay, organ H&E staining and blood biochemical indices. In conclusion, the targeted nanobubbles we prepared with ultrasound/photoacoustic/fluorescence multimodal imaging capabilities provide a potentially feasible approach to address the need for early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of renal masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajiu Chen
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China.
| | - Jingyi Li
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China.
| | - Chengjie Zhong
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yi Ling
- Department of Ultrasound, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China.
| | - Deng Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China.
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China.
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China.
| | - Qiuli Liu
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China.
| | - Yanli Guo
- Department of Ultrasound, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China.
| | - Luofu Wang
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China.
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Wang T, Li H, Pu T, Yang L. Microsurgery Robots: Applications, Design, and Development. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:8503. [PMID: 37896597 PMCID: PMC10611418 DOI: 10.3390/s23208503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Microsurgical techniques have been widely utilized in various surgical specialties, such as ophthalmology, neurosurgery, and otolaryngology, which require intricate and precise surgical tool manipulation on a small scale. In microsurgery, operations on delicate vessels or tissues require high standards in surgeons' skills. This exceptionally high requirement in skills leads to a steep learning curve and lengthy training before the surgeons can perform microsurgical procedures with quality outcomes. The microsurgery robot (MSR), which can improve surgeons' operation skills through various functions, has received extensive research attention in the past three decades. There have been many review papers summarizing the research on MSR for specific surgical specialties. However, an in-depth review of the relevant technologies used in MSR systems is limited in the literature. This review details the technical challenges in microsurgery, and systematically summarizes the key technologies in MSR with a developmental perspective from the basic structural mechanism design, to the perception and human-machine interaction methods, and further to the ability in achieving a certain level of autonomy. By presenting and comparing the methods and technologies in this cutting-edge research, this paper aims to provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of the current state of MSR research and identify potential directions for future development in MSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiexin Wang
- ZJU-UIUC Institute, International Campus, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China; (T.W.); (H.L.); (T.P.)
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Haoyu Li
- ZJU-UIUC Institute, International Campus, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China; (T.W.); (H.L.); (T.P.)
| | - Tanhong Pu
- ZJU-UIUC Institute, International Campus, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China; (T.W.); (H.L.); (T.P.)
| | - Liangjing Yang
- ZJU-UIUC Institute, International Campus, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China; (T.W.); (H.L.); (T.P.)
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Cho J, Nouizi F, Kim CS, Gulsen G. Monitoring Distribution of the Therapeutic Agent Dimethyl Sulfoxide via Solvatochromic Shift of Albumin-Bound Indocyanine Green. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:7728. [PMID: 37765785 PMCID: PMC10535274 DOI: 10.3390/s23187728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
We recently developed a novel hyperspectral excitation-resolved near-infrared fluorescence imaging system (HER-NIRF) based on a continuous-wave wavelength-swept laser. In this study, this technique is applied to measure the distribution of the therapeutic agent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) by utilizing solvatochromic shift in the spectral profile of albumin-bound Indocyanine green (ICG). Using wide-field imaging in turbid media, complex dynamics of albumin-bound ICG are measured in mixtures of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water. Phantom experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of the HER-NIRF system. The results show that the distribution of DMSO can be visualized in the wide-field reflection geometry. One of the main purposes of the DMSO is to act as a carrier for other drugs, enhancing their effects by facilitating skin penetration. Understanding the solubility and permeability of drugs in vivo is very important in drug discovery and development. Hence, this HER-NIRF technique has great potential to advance the utilization of the therapeutic agent DMSO by mapping its distribution via the solvatochromic shift of ICG. By customizing the operational wavelength range, this system can be applied to any other fluorophores in the near-infrared region and utilized for a wide variety of drug delivery studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaedu Cho
- Tu and Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA (F.N.)
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 607-735, Republic of Korea;
| | - Farouk Nouizi
- Tu and Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA (F.N.)
| | - Chang-Seok Kim
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 607-735, Republic of Korea;
| | - Gultekin Gulsen
- Tu and Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA (F.N.)
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Zhou X, Liu B, Guo X, Tang Y, Ma G. Application of indocyanine green lymphography combined with methylene blue staining in lymphaticovenular anastomosis of lower limb vessels: A prospective study. Phlebology 2023; 38:466-473. [PMID: 37339252 DOI: 10.1177/02683555231185449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylene blue (MB) is a conventional lymphatic tracer. We evaluated the application of indocyanine green (ICG) lymphography combined with MB staining in lower limb lymphaticovenular anastomosis (LVA). METHODS A total of 49 patients with lower limb lymphedema were selected as the study subjects and divided into the research (n = 27) and control groups (n = 22). The patients were treated with LVA using ICG lymphography combined with MB staining and simple ICG lymphography as the positioning method, respectively. The number of lymphatic vessels anastomosed and the operating time were compared between the groups. Lower Extremity Lymphedema Index (LEL index) and Lymphoedema Functioning, Disability and Health Questionnaire for Lower Limb Lymphoedema (Lymph-ICF-LL) were used as prognostic indices; 6 months after LVA, both groups were evaluated for the symptomatic relief of lymphedema. RESULTS The number of anastomotic lymphatic vessels in the study group was higher than that in the control group (p < .05), and their procedural time was shorter than that in the control group. The two groups had no significant difference in lymphatic anastomosis time (p > .05). The LEL index and Lymph-ICF-LL of the research and control groups at 6-month follow-up after LVA were lower than those before the operation (p < .05). CONCLUSION The circumference of the affected limb is reduced after LVA in patients with lower extremity lymphedema with a favorable prognosis. ICG lymphography combined with MB staining has the advantages of real-time visualization and accurate localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuchuan Zhou
- Department of Burn, Plastic, and Cosmetic Surgery, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Burn, Plastic, and Cosmetic Surgery, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaowei Guo
- Department of Burn, Plastic, and Cosmetic Surgery, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yueling Tang
- Department of Burn, Plastic, and Cosmetic Surgery, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gejia Ma
- Department of Burn, Plastic, and Cosmetic Surgery, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Ding J, Kang X, Feng M, Tan J, Feng Q, Wang X, Wang J, Liu J, Li Z, Guan W, Qiao T. A novel active mitochondrion-selective fluorescent probe for the NIR fluorescence imaging and targeted photodynamic therapy of gastric cancer. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:4756-4763. [PMID: 35837996 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00684g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The annual morbidity and mortality due to gastric cancer are still high across the world, posing a serious threat to public health. Improving the diagnosis rate of gastric cancer and exploring new treatments are urgent issues in the clinical field. In recent years, photosensitizer (PS)-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) has proven to be an effective cancer treatment strategy and can be used to treat a variety of cancers. Developing PSs with tumor-targeting ability and high singlet oxygen yield (Φ(1O2)) is the key to improving the PDT effect. Herein, we developed a novel diagnosis and treatment system (Cy1395-NPs). Our active thio-photosensitizer is based on the sulfur substitution strategy as it can reduce the S1-T1 energy gap, which can promote the process of intersystem crossing (ISC), thus resulting in high ROS generation efficiency. Cy1395-NPs exhibited stable spectral characteristics, satisfactory biocompatibility and high 1O2 yield under laser irradiation due to the introduction of the sulfur atom. In cellular studies, Cy1395-NPs could specifically target MKN45 cells via integrin αvβ3-mediated cRGD endocytosis and selectively aggregate in the mitochondria. Cy1395-NPs had no obvious cytotoxicity for MKN45 cells and exerted obvious phototoxicity due to the production of 1O2 under laser irradiation. The in vivo results showed that the fluorescence signal from the tumor site was obviously enhanced in 16-48 h, and Cy1395-NPs could selectively target solid tumors with a retention time of about 32 h. Under laser irradiation, Cy1395-NPs significantly inhibited tumor growth and led to significant tumor suppression and apoptosis. In summary, the developed Cy1395-NPs could actively target tumors and exert mitochondrial selectivity, showing an excellent fluorescence imaging effect. Under the irradiation of an 808 nm laser, Cy1395-NPs achieved good inhibition of gastric cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo, thus displaying the functions of tumor targeting, mitochondrial selectivity, fluorescence imaging and tumor inhibition. Our strategy provides a new diagnostic and treatment method for gastric cancers in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ding
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China. .,Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Xing Kang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Min Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Jiangkun Tan
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China.
| | - Qingzhao Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Xingzhou Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Jiafeng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China. .,Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Zan Li
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China.
| | - Wenxian Guan
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Tong Qiao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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Blei F. Update April 2021. Lymphat Res Biol 2021; 19:189-202. [PMID: 33900826 DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2021.29102.fb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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