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Wāng Y, Han Y, Xu DX. Developmental impacts and toxicological hallmarks of silver nanoparticles across diverse biological models. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 19:100325. [PMID: 38046179 PMCID: PMC10692670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2023.100325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), revered for their antimicrobial prowess, have become ubiquitous in a range of products, from biomedical equipment to food packaging. However, amidst their rising popularity, concerns loom over their possible detrimental effects on fetal development and subsequent adult life. This review delves into the developmental toxicity of AgNPs across diverse models, from aquatic species like zebrafish and catfish to mammalian rodents and in vitro embryonic stem cells. Our focus encompasses the fate of AgNPs in different contexts, elucidating associated hazardous results such as embryotoxicity and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Furthermore, we scrutinize the enduring adverse impacts on offspring, spanning impaired neurobehavior function, reproductive disorders, cardiopulmonary lesions, and hepatotoxicity. Key hallmarks of developmental harm are identified, encompassing redox imbalances, inflammatory cascades, DNA damage, and mitochondrial stress. Notably, we explore potential explanations, linking immunoregulatory dysfunction and disrupted epigenetic modifications to AgNPs-induced developmental failures. Despite substantial progress, our understanding of the developmental risks posed by AgNPs remains incomplete, underscoring the urgency of further research in this critical area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yán Wāng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health & Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yapeng Han
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health & Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health & Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
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Zheng G, Zhang J, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Liu S, Zhang S, Zhang C. Implications of ferroptosis in silver nanoparticle-induced cytotoxicity of macrophages. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 259:115057. [PMID: 37229872 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in daily life and commercial activities owing to their unique physicochemical properties. Consequently, there is an increasing risk of daily and occupational exposure to metal NPs, which raises concerns regarding their health hazards. Programmed cell deaths (PCDs) have been clarified to be involved in metal NP-induced cytotoxicity, including apoptosis, autophagy, and pyroptosis. However, whether and how ferroptosis, a newly recognized PCD, contributes to metal NP-induced cell death remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the ferroptotic effects of two representative metal NPs, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), on macrophages in vitro. Our results revealed that AgNPs, rather than AuNPs, induced non-apoptotic PCD, accompanied by lipid peroxidation and iron homeostasis disorders, which are two hallmarks of ferroptosis, in macrophages. Treatment with a ferroptosis inhibitor (ferrostatin-1) and iron chelator (deferoxamine) reversed AgNP-induced PCD, corroborating the induction of ferroptosis upon exposure to AgNPs. Moreover, our results revealed that smaller AgNPs elicited greater ferroptotic effects on macrophages than larger ones. Importantly, ferroptosis in AgNP-treated macrophages was mainly triggered by AgNPs per se rather than by Ag ions. Overall, our study highlights the ferroptotic effects elicited by AgNPs in macrophages, which will promote the understanding of their cytotoxic effects and facilitate the safer design of metal nanoproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhe Zheng
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China; Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China.
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China.
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China.
| | - Sijin Liu
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Shuping Zhang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Changwen Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China.
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Wang Z, Ma Z, Cheng X, Li X, Wang N, Zhang F, Wei B, Li Q, An Z, Wu W, Liu S. Effects of silver nanoparticles on maternal mammary glands and offspring development under lactation exposure. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 256:114869. [PMID: 37037110 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The widespread applications of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) throughout our daily lives have raised concerns regarding their environmental health and safety (EHS). Despite an increasing number of studies focused on the EHS impacts of AgNPs, there remain significant knowledge gaps with respect to their potential health impacts on susceptible populations, such as lactating mothers and infants. Herein, we aimed to investigate the deleterious effects of AgNPs with different sizes (20 and 40 nm) and surface coatings (PVP and BPEI) on maternal mice and their offspring following lactation exposure at doses of 20, 100 and 400 μg/kg body weight. We discovered that AgNPs could accumulate in the maternal mammary glands and disrupt the epithelial barrier in a dose-dependent manner. Notably, BPEI-coated AgNPs caused more damage to the mammary glands than PVP-coated particles. Importantly, we observed that, while AgNPs were distributed throughout the blood and main tissues, they were particularly enriched in the brains of breastfed offspring after maternal exposure during lactation, exhibiting exposure dosage- and particle coating-dependent patterns. Compared to PVP-coated nanoparticles, BPEI-coated AgNPs were more readily transferred to the offspring, possibly due to their enhanced deposition in maternal mammary glands. Moreover, we observed reduced body weight, blood cell toxicity, and tissue injuries in breastfed offspring whose dams received AgNPs. As a whole, these results reveal that maternal exposure to AgNPs results in the translocation of AgNPs into offspring via breastfeeding, inducing developmental impairments in these breastfed offspring. This study provides important new insights into the EHS impacts of AgNP consumption during lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China.
| | - Zhenzhu Ma
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Xiaodie Cheng
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Xiaoya Li
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Fengquan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Bing Wei
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Zhen An
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Weidong Wu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Sijin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Rakowski M, Porębski S, Grzelak A. Silver Nanoparticles Modulate the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Estrogen-Dependent Breast Cancer Cells In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179203. [PMID: 34502112 PMCID: PMC8431224 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are frequently detected in many convenience goods, such as cosmetics, that are applied directly to the skin. AgNPs accumulated in cells can modulate a wide range of molecular pathways, causing direct changes in cells. The aim of this study is to assess the capability of AgNPs to modulate the metastasis of breast cancer cells through the induction of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The effect of the AgNPs on MCF-7 cells was investigated via the sulforhodamine B method, the wound healing test, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the standard cytofluorimetric method of measuring the cell cycle, and the expression of EMT marker proteins and the MTA3 protein via Western blot. To fulfill the results, calcium flux and HDAC activity were measured. Additionally, mitochondrial membrane potential was measured to assess the direct impact of AgNPs on mitochondria. The results indicated that the MCF-7 cells are resistant to the cytotoxic effect of AgNPs and have higher mobility than the control cells. Treatment with AgNPs induced a generation of ROS; however, it did not affect the cell cycle but modulated the expression of EMT marker proteins and the MTA3 protein. Mitochondrial membrane potential and calcium flux were not altered; however, the AgNPs did modulate the total HDAC activity. The presented data support our hypothesis that AgNPs modulate the metastasis of MCF-7 cells through the EMT pathway. These results suggest that AgNPs, by inducing reactive oxygen species generation, alter the metabolism of breast cancer cells and trigger several pathways related to metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Rakowski
- The Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School of the University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
- Cytometry Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (A.G.)
| | - Szymon Porębski
- Cytometry Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Grzelak
- Cytometry Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (A.G.)
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Tariba Lovaković B, Barbir R, Pem B, Goessler W, Ćurlin M, Micek V, Debeljak Ž, Božičević L, Ilić K, Pavičić I, Gorup D, Vinković Vrček I. Sex-related response in mice after sub-acute intraperitoneal exposure to silver nanoparticles. NANOIMPACT 2021; 23:100340. [PMID: 35559841 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are among the most commercialized nanomaterials in biomedicine due to their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Nevertheless, possible health hazards of exposure to AgNPs are yet to be understood and therefore raise public concern in regards of their safety. In this study, sex-related differences, role of steroidal hormones and influence of two different surface stabilizing agents (polymer vs. protein) on distribution and adverse effects of AgNPs were investigated in vivo. Intact and gonadectomised male and female mice were treated with seven AgNPs doses administered intraperitoneally during 21 days. After treatment, steroid hormone levels in serum, accumulation of Ag levels and oxidative stress biomarkers in liver, kidneys, brain and lungs were determined. Sex-related differences were observed in almost all tissues. Concentration of Ag was significantly higher in the liver of females compared to males. No significant difference was found for AgNP accumulation in lungs between females and males, while the lungs of intact males showed significantly higher Ag accumulation compared to gonadectomised group. Effect of surface coating was also observed, as Ag accumulation was significantly higher in kidneys and liver of intact females, as well as in kidneys and brain of intact males treated with protein-coated AgNPs compared to polymeric AgNPs. Oxidative stress response to AgNPs was the most pronounced in kidneys where protein-coated AgNPs induced stronger effects compared to polymeric AgNPs. Interestingly, protein-coated AgNPs reduced generation of reactive oxygen species in brains of females and gonadectomised males. Although there were no significant differences in levels of hormones in the AgNP-exposed animals compared to controls, sex-related differences in oxidative stress parameters were observed in all organs. Results of this study highlight the importance of including the sex-related differences and effects of protein corona in biosafety evaluation of AgNPs exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanka Tariba Lovaković
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Rinea Barbir
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Barbara Pem
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Walter Goessler
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 1/1, 8 010 Graz, Austria
| | - Marija Ćurlin
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vedran Micek
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Željko Debeljak
- Department for Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Clinical Hospital Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia; Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Lucija Božičević
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Krunoslav Ilić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Pavičić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dunja Gorup
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Vinković Vrček
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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