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Ocuin LM. Management of Localized Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: What Exactly is the 'Evidence'? Ann Surg Oncol 2024:10.1245/s10434-024-16023-z. [PMID: 39103689 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-16023-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
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2
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Weigle CA, Beetz O, Wiemann BA, Tessmer P, Störzer S, Cammann S, Vondran FWR, Oldhafer F, Schmelzle M, Richter N. Resection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in octogenarians: a single-center analysis. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:224. [PMID: 38865024 PMCID: PMC11169410 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01065-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The rapidly aging population in industrialized countries comes with an increased incidence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCC) which presents new challenges for oncological treatments especially in elderly patients. Thus, the question arises to what extent the benefit of surgical resections, as the only curative treatment option, outweighs possible perioperative risks in patients ≥ 80 years of age (octogenarians). We therefore retrospectively analyzed 311 patients who underwent resection for iCC at Hannover Medical School between January 1996 and December 2022. In total, there were 11 patients older than 80 years in our collective. Despite similar tumor size, octogenarians underwent comparatively less extensive surgery (54.5% major resections in octogenarians vs. 82.7% in all other patients; p = 0.033) with comparable rates of lymphadenectomy and tumor-free resection margins. Furthermore, we did not observe increased major postoperative morbidity (Clavien-Dindo ≥ IIIa complications: 27.3% vs. 34.3% in all other patients; p = 0.754) or mortality (estimated 1-year OS of 70.7% vs. 72.5% in all other patients, p = 0.099). The length of intensive care unit (ICU) or intermediate care unit (IMC) stay was significantly longer in octogenarians, however, with a comparable length in total hospital stay. The estimated overall survival (OS) did also not differ significantly, although a trend towards reduced long-term survival was observed (14.5 months vs. 28.03 months in all other patients; p = 0.099). In conclusion, primary resection is a justifiable and safe therapeutic option even in octogenarians but requires an even more thorough preoperative patient selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara A Weigle
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Oliver Beetz
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Bengt A Wiemann
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Philipp Tessmer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Simon Störzer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sebastian Cammann
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Florian W R Vondran
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Felix Oldhafer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Moritz Schmelzle
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nicolas Richter
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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3
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Wang WQ, Li J, Lv X, Wang JL, Zhang EL, Zhang BH, Xiao ZY, Liang BY, Huang ZY. Anatomical sectionectomy based on Takasaki's segmentation for solitary intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a propensity-matched analysis. HPB (Oxford) 2024; 26:753-763. [PMID: 38485565 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2024.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anatomical sectionectomy based on Takasaki's segmentation has shown advantages in hepatocellular carcinoma. However, whether this approach improves the survival of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) remains unknown. METHODS A series of 248 consecutive patients with solitary ICCs who underwent hepatectomy were studied retrospectively. The patients were classified into the groups of anatomical sectionectomy based on Takasaki's segmentation (TS group) and non-Takasaki's hepatectomy (NTH group). The bias between the two groups was minimized using propensity score matching (PSM). Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated with Kaplan-Meier analysis. The Cox proportional hazards model was performed to determine the adverse risk factors associated with survival. RESULTS After PSM, 67 pairs of patients were compared. Both the RFS and OS rates in the TS group were significantly better than those in the NTH group (23.2 % vs. 16.5 %, and 40.4 % vs. 27.3 %, P = 0.035 and 0.032, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that NTH was independently associated with worse RFS and OS than TS. The stratified analysis demonstrated that the RFS and OS rates in the TS group with tumor stage I and tumor size ≥3 cm were significantly better than those in the NTH group, while the survival rates for ICC with stage I and tumor size <3 cm or stage II-III showed no significant difference. CONCLUSION TS was associated with improved RFS and OS in patients with solitary ICC even after PSM. TS may be preferred particularly in patients with tumor stage I and tumor size ≥3 cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qiang Wang
- Center for Liver Transplantation, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Li
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing Lv
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin-Lin Wang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Er-Lei Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin-Hao Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Xiao
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin-Yong Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China..
| | - Zhi-Yong Huang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China..
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Toniutto P, Shalaby S, Mameli L, Morisco F, Gambato M, Cossiga V, Guarino M, Marra F, Brunetto MR, Burra P, Villa E. Role of sex in liver tumor occurrence and clinical outcomes: A comprehensive review. Hepatology 2024; 79:1141-1157. [PMID: 37013373 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Clinical research on sex-based differences in the manifestations, pathophysiology, and prevalence of several diseases, including those affecting the liver, has expanded considerably in recent years. Increasing evidence suggests that liver diseases develop, progress, and respond to treatment differently depending on the sex. These observations support the concept that the liver is a sexually dimorphic organ in which estrogen and androgen receptors are present, which results in disparities between men and women in liver gene expression patterns, immune responses, and the progression of liver damage, including the propensity to develop liver malignancies. Sex hormones play protective or deleterious roles depending on the patient's sex, the severity of the underlying disease, and the nature of precipitating factors. Moreover, obesity, alcohol consumption, and active smoking, as well as social determinants of liver diseases leading to sex-related inequalities, may interact strongly with hormone-related mechanisms of liver damage. Drug-induced liver injury, viral hepatitis, and metabolic liver diseases are influenced by the status of sex hormones. Available data on the roles of sex hormones and gender differences in liver tumor occurrence and clinical outcomes are conflicting. Here, we critically review the main gender-based differences in the molecular mechanisms associated with liver carcinogenesis and the prevalence, prognosis, and treatment of primary and metastatic liver tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Toniutto
- Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata, Department of Medical Area, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Sarah Shalaby
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Laura Mameli
- Liver and Pancreas Transplant Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Brotzu Piazzale Ricchi 1, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Filomena Morisco
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Departmental Program "Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System," University of Naples "Federico II," Napoli, Italy
| | - Martina Gambato
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Valentina Cossiga
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Departmental Program "Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System," University of Naples "Federico II," Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Guarino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Departmental Program "Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System," University of Naples "Federico II," Napoli, Italy
| | - Fabio Marra
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Burra
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Erica Villa
- Gastroenterology Department, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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5
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Yuan C, Zou S, Wang K, Hu Z. Establishment and external validation of prognosis prediction nomogram for patients with distant metastatic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: based on a large population. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:227. [PMID: 38365630 PMCID: PMC10874087 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-11976-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) have developed distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis, while there is rear related nomogram to predict the prognosis. METHODS Clinical data of patients pathologically diagnosed of ICC with distant metastasis were retrospectively collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database during 2005 to 2019. Finally, patients diagnosed as ICC in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from 2014 to 2019 were collected for external verification. All data were divided into training cohort and validation cohort in a ratio of 7:3. The nomogram was established based on independent prognostic factors using Cox univariate and multivariate analyses. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUC), the calibration curve and the decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to determine the prediction accuracy of the nomogram. RESULTS This study finally included 572 ICC with distant metastasis patients, another 32 patients collected by the author's hospital were used as external verification. Results showed that age, surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors, and nomogram was established. The AUC of predicting 3, 6, 9-month overall survival were 0.866, 0.841 and 0.786. The ROC curves and calibration curves showed that the nomogram had good predictive accuracy, and DCA showed that the nomogram had good clinical applicability. CONCLUSIONS The nomogram has good accuracy in predicting prognosis of DM-ICC patients, which would be of good significance to improve the prognosis of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yuan
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for General Surgery Disease, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center for Hepatobiliary Disease, Nanchang, China
- East China Institute of Digital Medical Engineering, Shangrao, China
| | - Shubing Zou
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for General Surgery Disease, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center for Hepatobiliary Disease, Nanchang, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for General Surgery Disease, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center for Hepatobiliary Disease, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhigang Hu
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, China.
- Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for General Surgery Disease, Nanchang, China.
- Jiangxi Provincial Engineering Research Center for Hepatobiliary Disease, Nanchang, China.
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6
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Myint KZ, Balasubramanian B, Venkatraman S, Phimsen S, Sripramote S, Jantra J, Choeiphuk C, Mingphruedhi S, Muangkaew P, Rungsakulkij N, Tangtawee P, Suragul W, Farquharson WV, Wongprasert K, Chutipongtanate S, Sanvarinda P, Ponpuak M, Poungvarin N, Janvilisri T, Suthiphongchai T, Yacqub-Usman K, Grabowska AM, Bates DO, Tohtong R. Therapeutic Implications of Ceritinib in Cholangiocarcinoma beyond ALK Expression and Mutation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:197. [PMID: 38399413 PMCID: PMC10892566 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a difficult-to-treat cancer, with limited therapeutic options and surgery being the only curative treatment. Standard chemotherapy involves gemcitabine-based therapies combined with cisplatin, oxaliplatin, capecitabine, or 5-FU with a dismal prognosis for most patients. Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are aberrantly expressed in CCAs encompassing potential therapeutic opportunity. Hence, 112 RTK inhibitors were screened in KKU-M213 cells, and ceritinib, an approved targeted therapy for ALK-fusion gene driven cancers, was the most potent candidate. Ceritinib's cytotoxicity in CCA was assessed using MTT and clonogenic assays, along with immunofluorescence, western blot, and qRT-PCR techniques to analyze gene expression and signaling changes. Furthermore, the drug interaction relationship between ceritinib and cisplatin was determined using a ZIP synergy score. Additionally, spheroid and xenograft models were employed to investigate the efficacy of ceritinib in vivo. Our study revealed that ceritinib effectively killed CCA cells at clinically relevant plasma concentrations, irrespective of ALK expression or mutation status. Ceritinib modulated multiple signaling pathways leading to the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and activated both apoptosis and autophagy. Additionally, ceritinib and cisplatin synergistically reduced CCA cell viability. Our data show ceritinib as an effective treatment of CCA, which could be potentially explored in the other cancer types without ALK mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyaw Zwar Myint
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (K.Z.M.); (B.B.); (S.V.); (T.J.)
| | - Brinda Balasubramanian
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (K.Z.M.); (B.B.); (S.V.); (T.J.)
- Translational Medical Sciences Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Simran Venkatraman
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (K.Z.M.); (B.B.); (S.V.); (T.J.)
| | - Suchada Phimsen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand; (S.P.); (C.C.)
| | - Supisara Sripramote
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.S.); (J.J.); (T.S.)
| | - Jeranan Jantra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.S.); (J.J.); (T.S.)
| | - Chaiwat Choeiphuk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand; (S.P.); (C.C.)
| | - Somkit Mingphruedhi
- Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (P.M.); (N.R.); (P.T.); (W.S.); (W.V.F.)
| | - Paramin Muangkaew
- Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (P.M.); (N.R.); (P.T.); (W.S.); (W.V.F.)
| | - Narongsak Rungsakulkij
- Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (P.M.); (N.R.); (P.T.); (W.S.); (W.V.F.)
| | - Pongsatorn Tangtawee
- Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (P.M.); (N.R.); (P.T.); (W.S.); (W.V.F.)
| | - Wikran Suragul
- Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (P.M.); (N.R.); (P.T.); (W.S.); (W.V.F.)
| | - Watoo Vassanasiri Farquharson
- Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.M.); (P.M.); (N.R.); (P.T.); (W.S.); (W.V.F.)
| | - Kanokpan Wongprasert
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Somchai Chutipongtanate
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Pimtip Sanvarinda
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Marisa Ponpuak
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Naravat Poungvarin
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand;
| | - Tavan Janvilisri
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (K.Z.M.); (B.B.); (S.V.); (T.J.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.S.); (J.J.); (T.S.)
| | - Tuangporn Suthiphongchai
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.S.); (J.J.); (T.S.)
| | - Kiren Yacqub-Usman
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (K.Y.-U.); (A.M.G.); (D.O.B.)
| | - Anna M. Grabowska
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (K.Y.-U.); (A.M.G.); (D.O.B.)
| | - David O. Bates
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (K.Y.-U.); (A.M.G.); (D.O.B.)
| | - Rutaiwan Tohtong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.S.); (J.J.); (T.S.)
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7
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Lluís N, Asbun D, Wang JJ, Cao HST, Jimenez RE, Alseidi A, Asbun H. Lymph Node Dissection in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: a Critical and Updated Review of the Literature. J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 27:3001-3013. [PMID: 37550590 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-023-05696-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphatic spread of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is common and negatively impacts survival. However, the precise role of lymph node dissection (LND) in oncologic outcomes for patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma remains to be established. METHODS Updated evidence on the preoperative diagnosis and prognostic value of lymph node metastasis is reviewed, as well as the potential benefit of LND in patients with iCCA. RESULTS The ability to accurately determine nodal status for iCCA with current imaging modalities is equivocal. LND has prognostic value for both survival and disease recurrence. However, execution rates of LND are highly varied in the literature, ranging from 26.9 to 100%. At least 6 lymph nodes should be examined from nodal stations of the hepatoduodenal ligament and hepatic artery as well as based on the location of the primary tumor. Neoadjuvant therapies may be beneficial if lymph node metastases at diagnosis are suspected. Surgeons performing a minimally invasive approach should focus on increasing LND rates and harvesting ≥ 6 lymph nodes. Lymph node negativity is required in patients with iCCA being considered for liver transplantation under investigational protocols. CONCLUSION Despite an upward trend in the LND rate, the reality is that only 10% of patients with iCCA receive an adequate LND. This review underscores the importance of routinely increasing the rate of adequate LND in these patients in order to achieve accurate staging, appropriately select patients for adjuvant therapy, and improve the prognosis of clinical outcomes. While prospective data is lacking, the therapeutic impact of LND remains unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Lluís
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Miami Cancer Institute, 8900 N Kendall Dr, Miami, FL, 33176, USA.
| | - Domenech Asbun
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Miami Cancer Institute, 8900 N Kendall Dr, Miami, FL, 33176, USA
| | - Jaeyun Jane Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hop S Tran Cao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ramon E Jimenez
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Miami Cancer Institute, 8900 N Kendall Dr, Miami, FL, 33176, USA
| | - Adnan Alseidi
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Horacio Asbun
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Miami Cancer Institute, 8900 N Kendall Dr, Miami, FL, 33176, USA
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8
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Kolck J, Auer TA, Walter-Rittel T, Hosse C, Elkilany A, Marth AA, Pelzer U, Mohr R, Krenzien F, Lurje G, Schöning W, Hamm B, Geisel D, Fehrenbach U. Prediction of regional lymph node metastasis in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: it's not all about size. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2023; 48:3063-3071. [PMID: 37354262 PMCID: PMC10480242 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-023-03991-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lymph node metastases (LNM) are frequent in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCC) and worsen their prognosis even after surgery. Our aim was to investigate the predictive value of lymph node (LN) short axis, the most common discriminator for identifying LNM in tumor-imaging and to develop a predictive model for regional LNM in iCC taking computed tomography (CT) features of extranodal disease into account. MATERIALS AND METHODS We enrolled 102 patients with pathologically proven iCC who underwent CT prior to hepatic resection and hilar lymph node dissection (LND) from 2005 to 2021. Two blinded radiologists assessed various imaging characteristics and LN diameters, which were analyzed by bivariate and multivariate logistic regression to develop a prediction model for LNM. RESULTS Prevalence of LNM was high (42.4 %) and estimated survival was shorter in LN-positive patients (p = 0.07). An LN short axis diameter of ≥ 9 mm demonstrated the highest predictive power for LNM. Three additional, statistically significant imaging features, presence of intrahepatic metastasis (p = 0.003), hilar tumor infiltration (p = 0.003), and tumor growth along the liver capsule (p = 0.004), were integrated into a prediction model, which substantially outperformed use of LN axis alone in ROC analysis (AUC 0.856 vs 0.701). CONCLUSIONS LN diameter alone proved to be a relevant but unreliable imaging-marker for LNM prediction in iCC. Our proposed prognostic model, which additionally considers intrahepatic metastases and hilar and capsular infiltration, significantly improves discriminatory power. Hilar and capsular involvement might indicate direct tumor extension to lymphatic liver structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Kolck
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Timo Alexander Auer
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité -Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thula Walter-Rittel
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Clarissa Hosse
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aboelyazid Elkilany
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Uwe Pelzer
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Raphael Mohr
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Krenzien
- BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité -Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Surgery CCM/CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Lurje
- Department of Surgery CCM/CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wenzel Schöning
- Department of Surgery CCM/CVK, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Hamm
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominik Geisel
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Uli Fehrenbach
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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9
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Charalampopoulos G, Iezzi R, Tsitskari M, Mazioti A, Papakonstantinou O, Kelekis A, Kelekis N, Filippiadis D. Role of Percutaneous Ablation in the Management of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1186. [PMID: 37511998 PMCID: PMC10386331 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59071186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an invasive cancer accounting for <1% of all cancers and 10-15% of primary liver cancers. Intrahepatic CCA (iCCA) is associated with poor survival rates and high post-surgical recurrence rates whilst most diagnosed patients are not surgical candidates. There is a growing literature suggesting percutaneous ablative techniques for the management of patients with iCCA measuring ≤3 cm with contraindications to surgery as well as for recurrent or residual tumors aiming to provide local cancer treatment and control. Most used ablative therapies for iCCA include radiofrequency and microwave ablation with irreversible electroporation, cryoablation and reversible electroporation (electrochemotherapy) being less commonly encountered techniques. Due to the infiltrative margins of the lesion, there is a need for larger safety margins and ablation zone; multi-apparatus ablation or other variations of the technique such as balloon-assisted approaches can be utilized aiming to increase size of the zone of necrosis. The present review paper focuses upon the current role of percutaneous ablative techniques for the therapeutic management of iCCA. The purpose of this review is to present the current minimally invasive ablative techniques in the treatment of iCCA, including local control and survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Charalampopoulos
- 2nd Department of Radiology, University General Hospital "ATTIKON", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Roberto Iezzi
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Oncologic Radiotherapy and Hematology, A. Gemelli University Hospital Foundation IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Tsitskari
- Apollonio Private Hospital, 20 Lefkotheou Avenue, 2054 Strovolos, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Argyro Mazioti
- 2nd Department of Radiology, University General Hospital "ATTIKON", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Olympia Papakonstantinou
- 2nd Department of Radiology, University General Hospital "ATTIKON", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexis Kelekis
- 2nd Department of Radiology, University General Hospital "ATTIKON", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kelekis
- 2nd Department of Radiology, University General Hospital "ATTIKON", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Filippiadis
- 2nd Department of Radiology, University General Hospital "ATTIKON", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
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10
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van Keulen AM, Büttner S, Erdmann JI, Hagendoorn J, Hoogwater FJH, IJzermans JNM, Neumann UP, Polak WG, De Jonge J, Olthof PB, Koerkamp BG. Major complications and mortality after resection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Surgery 2023; 173:973-982. [PMID: 36577599 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2022.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evaluation of morbidity and mortality after hepatic resection often lacks stratification by extent of resection or diagnosis. Although a liver resection for different indications may have technical similarities, postoperative outcomes differ. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the risk of major complications and mortality after resection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. METHODS Meta-analysis was performed to assess postoperative mortality (in-hospital, 30-, and 90-day) and major complications (Clavien-Dindo grade ≥III). RESULTS A total of 32 studies that reported on 19,503 patients were included. Pooled in-hospital, 30-day, and 90-day mortality were 5.9% (95% confidence interval 4.1-8.4); 4.6% (95% confidence interval 4.0-5.2); and 6.1% (95% confidence interval 5.0-7.3), respectively. Pooled proportion of major complications was 22.2% (95% confidence interval 17.7-27.5) for all resections. The pooled 90-day mortality was 3.1% (95% confidence interval 1.8-5.2) for a minor resection, 7.4% (95% confidence interval 5.9-9.3) for all major resections, and 11.4% (95% confidence interval 6.9-18.7) for extended resections (P = .001). Major complications were 38.8% (95% confidence interval 29.5-49) after a major hepatectomy compared to 11.3% (95% confidence interval 5.0-24.0) after a minor hepatectomy (P = .001). Asian studies had a pooled 90-day mortality of 4.4% (95% confidence interval 3.3-5.9) compared to 6.8% (95% confidence interval 5.6-8.2) for Western studies (P = .02). Cohorts with patients included before 2000 had a pooled 90-day mortality of 5.9% (95% confidence interval 4.8-7.3) compared to 6.8% (95% confidence interval 5.1-9.1) after 2000 (P = .44). CONCLUSION When informing patients or comparing outcomes across hospitals, postoperative mortality rates after liver resection should be reported for 90-days with consideration of the diagnosis and the extent of liver resection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Büttner
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joris I Erdmann
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Hagendoorn
- Department of Surgery, Regional Academic Cancer Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Frederik J H Hoogwater
- Department of Surgery, section Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan N M IJzermans
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ulf P Neumann
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Wojciech G Polak
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen De Jonge
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pim B Olthof
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bas Groot Koerkamp
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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11
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Survival Benefit of Surgical Treatment for Elderly Patients with Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study in the SEER Database by Propensity Score Matching Analysis. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:2642-2652. [PMID: 36975414 PMCID: PMC10047145 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30030201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite a rising trend in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) incidence in the elderly population worldwide, the benefit of surgery for those patients is still controversial. Data from 811 elderly patients diagnosed with non-metastatic ICC were obtained from the US surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) program database. Propensity score matched (PSM) was conducted for the better balance of baseline. The associations between tumor characteristics and surgery with overall survival (OS) and cancer specific survival (CSS) were estimated using hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The results showed that ICC patients above 60 years old taking surgery had better OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.258; 95% CI, 0.205–0.324) and CSS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.239; 95% CI, 0.188–0.303) than patients without surgery. Similar trends in patients above 65 years old, above 70 years old, above 75 years old, and above 80 years old were observed, separately. This benefit was also showed in lymph node-negative (N0) and lymph node-positive (N1) subgroups and N0 patients are more likely to take an advantage from surgery than N1 patients. The different outcomes between surgery and non-surgery suggest that surgical treatment may be recommended for elderly ICC if the tumor is resectable to ensure optimal treatment.
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12
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Knavel Koepsel EM, Smolock AR, Pinchot JW, Kim CY, Ahmed O, Chamarthy MRK, Hecht EM, Hwang GL, Kaplan DE, Luh JY, Marrero JA, Monroe EJ, Poultsides GA, Scheidt MJ, Hohenwalter EJ. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Management of Liver Cancer: 2022 Update. J Am Coll Radiol 2022; 19:S390-S408. [PMID: 36436965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The treatment and management of hepatic malignancies can be complex because it encompasses a variety of primary and metastatic malignancies and an assortment of local and systemic treatment options. When to use each of these treatments is critical to ensure the most appropriate care for patients. Interventional radiologists have a key role to play in the delivery of a variety of liver directed treatments including percutaneous ablation, transarterial embolization with bland embolic particles alone, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with injection of a chemotherapeutic emulsion, and transarterial radioembolization (TARE). Based on 9 clinical variants, the appropriateness of each treatment is described in this document. The ACR Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed annually by a multidisciplinary expert panel. The guideline development and revision process support the systematic analysis of the medical literature from peer reviewed journals. Established methodology principles such as Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation or GRADE are adapted to evaluate the evidence. The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method User Manual provides the methodology to determine the appropriateness of imaging and treatment procedures for specific clinical scenarios. In those instances in which peer reviewed literature is lacking or equivocal, experts may be the primary evidentiary source available to formulate a recommendation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda R Smolock
- Froedtert & The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | | | - Charles Y Kim
- Panel Vice-Chair, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Osmanuddin Ahmed
- Vice-Chair of Wellness, Director of Venous Interventions, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Murthy R K Chamarthy
- Vascular Institute of North Texas, Dallas, Texas; Commission on Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
| | - Elizabeth M Hecht
- Vice-Chair of Academic Affairs, Professor of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; RADS Committee; Member of Appropriateness Subcommittees on Hepatobiliary Topics; Member of LI-RADS
| | - Gloria L Hwang
- Associate Chair of Clinical Performance Improvement, Stanford Radiology, Stanford Medical Center, Stanford, California
| | - David E Kaplan
- Section Chief of Hepatology at the University of Pennsylvania Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
| | - Join Y Luh
- Providence Health Radiation Oncology Focus Group Chair, Providence St. Joseph Health, Eureka, California; Commission on Radiation Oncology; ACR CARROS President; ACR Council Steering Committee; California Radiological Society Councilor to ACR
| | - Jorge A Marrero
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; American Gastroenterological Association
| | | | - George A Poultsides
- Chief of Surgical Oncology and Professor of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Society of Surgical Oncology
| | - Matthew J Scheidt
- Program Director of Independent IR Residency, Froedtert & The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Eric J Hohenwalter
- Specialty Chair; Chief, MCW VIR, Froedtert & The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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13
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Chen C, Su J, Wu H, Qiu Y, Song T, Mao X, He Y, Cheng Z, Zhai W, Li J, Geng Z, Tang Z. Prognostic value of lymphadenectomy in node-negative intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A multicenter, retrospectively study. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2022; 49:780-787. [PMID: 36404249 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of lymph node dissection (LND) in node-negative intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and identify the appropriately total number of lymph nodes examined (TNLE). METHODS Data from node-negative ICC patients who underwent curative intent resection in ten Chinese hepatobiliary centers from January 2010 to December 2018 were collected. Overall survival (OS), relapse-free survival (RFS) and postoperative complications were analyzed. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to reduce the bias due to confounding variables in LND group and non-lymph node dissection (NLND) group. The optimal TNLE was determined by survival analysis performed by the X-tile program using the enumeration method. RESULTS A total of 637 clinically node-negative ICC patients were included in this study, 74 cases were found lymph node (LN) positive after operation. Among the remaining 563 node-negative ICC patients, LND was associated with longer OS but not RFS before PSM (OS: 35.4 vs 26.0 months, p = 0.047; RFS: 15.0 vs 15.4 months, p = 0.992). After PSM, patients in LND group had better prognosis on both OS and RFS (OS: 38.0 vs 23.0 months, p < 0.001; RFS: 15.0 vs 13.0 months, p = 0.029). There were no statistically differences in postoperative complications. When TNLE was greater than 8, OS (48.5 vs 31.1 months, p = 0.025) and RFS (21.0 vs 13.0 months, p = 0.043) were longer in the group with more dissected LNs. CONCLUSION Routinely LND for node-negative ICC patients is recommended for it helps accurate tumor staging and associates with better prognosis. The optimal TNLE is more than 8.
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14
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Song Y, Cai M, Li Y, Liu S. The focus clinical research in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Eur J Med Res 2022; 27:116. [PMID: 35820926 PMCID: PMC9277934 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00741-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), highly invasive and highly heterogeneous, has a poor prognosis. It has been confirmed that many risk factors are associated with ICC including intrahepatic lithiasis, primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), congenital abnormalities of the bile ducts, parasite infection, toxic exposures chronic liver disease (viral infection and cirrhosis) and metabolic abnormalities. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of ICC. Advances in functional and molecular imaging techniques offer the possibility for more accurate preoperative assessment and detection of recurrence. Moreover, the combination of molecular typing and traditional clinical pathological typing provides accurate guarantee for clinical decision-making. Surgical resection is still the only radical treatment for ICC, while R0 resection, lymph node dissection, postoperative adjuvant therapy and recurrence resectomy have been confirmed to be beneficial for patients. New therapies including local therapy, molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy are developing rapidly, which brings hopeful future for advanced ICC. The combination of traditional therapy and new therapy is the future development direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China
| | - Mengting Cai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China
| | - Yuhang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University Changsha, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Sulai Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University Changsha, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, People's Republic of China. .,Central Laboratory of The First, Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410015, China.
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15
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Shapera EA, Ross S, Syblis C, Crespo K, Rosemurgy A, Sucandy I. Analysis of Oncological Outcomes After Robotic Liver Resection for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Am Surg 2022:31348221093933. [PMID: 35512632 DOI: 10.1177/00031348221093933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concerns regarding minimally invasive liver resection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) include inadequate resection margins and inferior long-term overall survival (OS) when compared to an "open" approach. Limited data exists to address these issues. We aimed to compare perioperative variables, tumor distance to margin, and long-term outcomes after IHCC resection based on surgical approach (robotic vs open) in our hepatobiliary center to address these concerns. METHODS With IRB approval, 34 patients who underwent robotic or open hepatectomy for IHCC were prospectively followed. Patients were stratified by tumor distance to resection margin (≤1 mm, 1.1-9.9 mm, ≥10 mm) for illustrative purposes and by approach (robotic vs open). Where appropriate, regression analysis and cox model of proportional hazards were utilized. Survival was stratified by margin distance and approach utilizing Kaplan-Meier curves. Data are presented as median (mean ± SD). RESULTS Patients undergoing robotic vs open hepatectomy had similar demographics. Patients undergoing the robotic approach had significantly lower estimated blood loss (EBL). Tumor distance to margin between the two approaches were similar (P = .428). Median OS between the two approaches was similar in patients of any margin distance.In the subgroup analysis by margin distance, the robotic approach yielded less EBL for patients in the 1.1-9.9 mm and ≥10 mm margin groups, and a shorter ICU length of stay for patients with ≥10 mm margin. DISCUSSION Similar margins were attained via either approach, translating into oncological non-inferiority of robotic IHCC resection. Robotic approach for the treatment of IHCC should be considered an alternative to an open approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel A Shapera
- Center for Advanced Minimally Invasive Liver Surgery, Digestive Health Institute, 4422AdventHealth Tampaa, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Sharona Ross
- Center for Advanced Minimally Invasive Liver Surgery, Digestive Health Institute, 4422AdventHealth Tampaa, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Cameron Syblis
- Center for Advanced Minimally Invasive Liver Surgery, Digestive Health Institute, 4422AdventHealth Tampaa, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Crespo
- Center for Advanced Minimally Invasive Liver Surgery, Digestive Health Institute, 4422AdventHealth Tampaa, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Alexander Rosemurgy
- Center for Advanced Minimally Invasive Liver Surgery, Digestive Health Institute, 4422AdventHealth Tampaa, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Iswanto Sucandy
- Center for Advanced Minimally Invasive Liver Surgery, Digestive Health Institute, 4422AdventHealth Tampaa, Tampa, FL, USA
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16
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Wada Y, Shimada M, Morine Y, Ikemoto T, Saito Y, Baba H, Mori M, Goel A. A blood-based noninvasive miRNA signature for predicting survival outcomes in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Br J Cancer 2022; 126:1196-1204. [PMID: 35079106 PMCID: PMC9023447 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01710-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is generally poor. To improve treatment selection, we sought to identify microRNA (miRNA) signature associated with survival outcomes in ICC. METHODS We first analysed the miRNA expression profiles of primary ICC from two public datasets to identify a miRNA panel to detect patients for short-term survival. We then analysed 309 specimens, including 241 FFPE samples from two clinical cohorts (training: n = 177; validation: n = 64) and matched plasma samples (n = 68), and developed a risk-stratification model incorporating the panel and CA 19-9 levels to predict survival outcomes in ICC. RESULTS We identified a 7-miRNA panel that robustly classified patients with poor outcomes in the discovery cohorts (AUC = 0.80 and 0.88, respectively). We subsequently trained this miRNA panel in a clinical cohort (AUC = 0.83) and evaluated its performance in an independent validation cohort (AUC = 0.82) and plasma samples from the additional validation cohort (AUC = 0.78). Patients in both clinical cohorts who were classified as high-risk had significantly worse prognosis (p < 0.01). The risk-stratification model demonstrated superior performance compared to models (AUC = 0.85). CONCLUSIONS We established a novel miRNA signature that could robustly predict survival outcomes in resected tissues and liquid biopsies to improve the clinical management of patients with ICC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Wada
- grid.410425.60000 0004 0421 8357Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA USA ,grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan ,grid.411588.10000 0001 2167 9807Center for Gastrointestinal Research, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute and Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX USA
| | - Mitsuo Shimada
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuji Morine
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ikemoto
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yu Saito
- grid.267335.60000 0001 1092 3579Department of Surgery, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hideo Baba
- grid.274841.c0000 0001 0660 6749Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masaki Mori
- grid.177174.30000 0001 2242 4849Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ajay Goel
- grid.410425.60000 0004 0421 8357Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA USA ,grid.411588.10000 0001 2167 9807Center for Gastrointestinal Research, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute and Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX USA
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17
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Krenzien F, Nevermann N, Krombholz A, Benzing C, Haber P, Fehrenbach U, Lurje G, Pelzer U, Pratschke J, Schmelzle M, Schöning W. Treatment of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma-A Multidisciplinary Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14020362. [PMID: 35053523 PMCID: PMC8773654 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This review discusses multimodality treatment strategies for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCC). Surgical resection remains the only potentially curative therapeutic option and the central cornerstone of treatment. Adjuvant systemic treatment will be recommended after resection or in the palliative setting. Increasing knowledge of phenotypic subclassification and molecular profiling allows investigation of targeted therapies as (neo-)adjuvant treatment. High-dose brachytherapy, internal radiation therapy, and transarterial chemoembolization are among the interventional treatment options being evaluated for unresectable iCC. Given the multiple options of multidisciplinary management, any treatment strategy should be discussed in a multidisciplinary tumor board and treatment should be directed by a specialized treatment center. Abstract Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCC) is distinguished as an entity from perihilar and distal cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder carcinoma. Recently, molecular profiling and histopathological features have allowed further classification. Due to the frequent delay in diagnosis, the prognosis for iCC remains poor despite major technical advances and multimodal therapeutic approaches. Liver resection represents the therapeutic backbone and only curative treatment option, with the functional residual capacity of the liver and oncologic radicality being deciding factors for postoperative and long-term oncological outcome. Furthermore, in selected cases and depending on national guidelines, liver transplantation may be a therapeutic option. Given the often advanced tumor stage at diagnosis or the potential for postoperative recurrence, locoregional therapies have become increasingly important. These strategies range from radiofrequency ablation to transarterial chemoembolization to selective internal radiation therapy and can be used in combination with liver resection. In addition, adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapies as well as targeted therapies and immunotherapies based on molecular profiles can be applied. This review discusses multimodal treatment strategies for iCC and their differential use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Krenzien
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (F.K.); (A.K.); (C.B.); (P.H.); (G.L.); (J.P.); (M.S.); (W.S.)
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nora Nevermann
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (F.K.); (A.K.); (C.B.); (P.H.); (G.L.); (J.P.); (M.S.); (W.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alina Krombholz
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (F.K.); (A.K.); (C.B.); (P.H.); (G.L.); (J.P.); (M.S.); (W.S.)
| | - Christian Benzing
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (F.K.); (A.K.); (C.B.); (P.H.); (G.L.); (J.P.); (M.S.); (W.S.)
| | - Philipp Haber
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (F.K.); (A.K.); (C.B.); (P.H.); (G.L.); (J.P.); (M.S.); (W.S.)
| | - Uli Fehrenbach
- Clinic for Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Georg Lurje
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (F.K.); (A.K.); (C.B.); (P.H.); (G.L.); (J.P.); (M.S.); (W.S.)
| | - Uwe Pelzer
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Johann Pratschke
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (F.K.); (A.K.); (C.B.); (P.H.); (G.L.); (J.P.); (M.S.); (W.S.)
| | - Moritz Schmelzle
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (F.K.); (A.K.); (C.B.); (P.H.); (G.L.); (J.P.); (M.S.); (W.S.)
| | - Wenzel Schöning
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (F.K.); (A.K.); (C.B.); (P.H.); (G.L.); (J.P.); (M.S.); (W.S.)
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18
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Hewitt DB, Brown ZJ, Pawlik TM. Surgical management of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2021; 22:27-38. [PMID: 34730474 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2022.1999809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) incidence continues to rise worldwide, and overall survival remains poor. Complete surgical resection remains the only opportunity for cure in patients with ICC yet only one-third of patients present with resectable disease. AREAS COVERED While the low incidence rate of ICC hinders accrual of patients to large, randomized control trials, larger database and long-term institutional studies provide evidence to guide surgical management of ICC. These studies demonstrate feasibility, safety, and efficacy of aggressive surgical management in appropriately selected patients with ICC. Recent advances in the management of ICC, with a focus on surgical considerations, are reviewed. EXPERT OPINION Historically, little progress has been made in the management of ICC with stagnant mortality rates and poor long-term outcomes. However, regionalization of care to centers with experienced multidisciplinary teams, advances in minimally invasive surgical techniques, discovery and development of targeted and immunotherapy agents, and combination locoregional and systemic therapies offer signs of progress in the management of ICC.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Brock Hewitt
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zachary J Brown
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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Serifis N, Tsilimigras DI, Cloonan DJ, Pawlik TM. Challenges and Opportunities for Treating Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Hepat Med 2021; 13:93-104. [PMID: 34754247 PMCID: PMC8572023 DOI: 10.2147/hmer.s278136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is one of the rarest and most aggressive types of cancer. The symptoms of ICC patients can be vague, leading to late diagnosis and dismal prognosis. In this review, we investigated the treatment options for ICC, as well as ways to overcome challenges in identifying and treating this disease. Imaging remains the gold standard to diagnose ICC. Patients are staged based on the tumor, nodes and metastases (TNM) staging system. Patients eligible for surgical resection should undergo surgery with curative intent with the goal of microscopically disease-free margins (R0 resection) along with lymphadenectomy. Minimal invasive surgery (MIS) and liver transplantation have recently been offered as possible ways to improve disease outcomes. ICC recurrence is relatively common and, thus, most patients will need to be treated with systemic therapy. Several clinical trials have recently investigated the use of neoadjuvant (NT) and adjuvant therapies for ICC. NT may offer an opportunity to downsize larger tumors and provide patients, initially ineligible for surgery, with an opportunity for resection. NT may also treat occult micro-metastatic disease, as well as define tumor biology prior to surgical resection, thereby decreasing the risk for early postoperative recurrence. Adjuvant systemic therapy may improve outcomes of patients with ICC following surgery. Ongoing clinical trials are investigating new targeted therapies that hold the hope of improving long-term outcomes of patients with ICC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Serifis
- Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Daniel J Cloonan
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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20
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Bekki Y, Von Ahrens D, Takahashi H, Schwartz M, Gunasekaran G. Recurrent Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma - Review. Front Oncol 2021; 11:776863. [PMID: 34746017 PMCID: PMC8567135 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.776863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second-most common primary liver malignancy after hepatocellular carcinoma. While surgical resection with negative margin is the only curative treatment, ICC has very high rate of recurrence, up to 60-70% after curative resection. We reviewed the current data available on risk factors for ICC recurrence, recurrence pattern (location and timing), treatment options, and future directions. The risk factors for recurrence include elevated preoperative CA19-9, presence of liver cirrhosis, nodal metastasis, positive margins, and vascular invasion. Understanding different recurrence patterns, timing course, and risk factors for early recurrence is important to tailor postoperative surveillance and select treatment strategies including systemic or locoregional therapy. Re-resection can be considered for a selected patient population at experienced centers, and can yield long-term survival. ICC remains a dismal disease given the high likelihood of recurrence. Advances in our understanding of the genomic landscape of ICC are beginning to identify targetable alterations in ICC in subsets of patients that allow for personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Bekki
- Division of Liver Surgery, Recanati/Miller Transplantation Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Dagny Von Ahrens
- Division of Liver Surgery, Recanati/Miller Transplantation Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Hideo Takahashi
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai South Nassau, Oceanside, NY, United States
| | - Myron Schwartz
- Division of Liver Surgery, Recanati/Miller Transplantation Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ganesh Gunasekaran
- Division of Liver Surgery, Recanati/Miller Transplantation Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai South Nassau, Oceanside, NY, United States
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21
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RTK25: A Comprehensive Molecular Profiling Strategy in Cholangiocarcinoma Using an Integrated Bioinformatics Approach. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14090898. [PMID: 34577598 PMCID: PMC8469883 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a heterogeneous group of malignancies that primarily originate from the bile duct. Tumor heterogeneity is a prime characteristic of CCA and considering the scarcity of approved targeted therapy drugs, this makes precision oncology impractical in CCA. Stratifying patients based on their molecular signature and biomarker-guided therapy may offer a conducive solution. Receptors tyrosine kinases (RTK) are potential targets for novel therapeutic strategies in CCA as RTK signaling is dysregulated in CCA. This study aims to identify targetable RTK profile in CCA using a bioinformatic approach. We discovered that CCA samples could be grouped into molecular subtypes based on the gene expression profile of selected RTKs (RTK25). Using the RTK25 gene list, we discovered five distinct molecular subtypes of CCA in this cohort. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors that target each RTK profile and their subsequent molecular signatures were also discovered. These results suggest that certain RTKs correlate with each other, indicating that tailored dual inhibition of RTKs may be more favorable than monotherapy. The results from this study can direct future investigative attention towards validating this concept in in vivo and in vitro systems. Ultimately, this will facilitate biomarker-guided clinical trials for the successful approval of novel therapeutic options in CCA.
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22
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Palen A, Garnier J, Hobeika C, Ewald J, Gregoire E, Delpero JR, Le Treut YP, Turrini O, Hardwigsen J. Oncological relevance of major hepatectomy with inferior vena cava resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. HPB (Oxford) 2021; 23:1439-1447. [PMID: 33731313 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the short- and long-terms outcomes of patients undergoing major hepatectomy (MH) with inferior vena cava (IVC) resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). METHODS Data from all patients who underwent MH for ICC with or without IVC resection between 2010 and 2018 were analysed retrospectively. Postoperative outcomes, overall survival (OS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were compared in the whole population. A propensity score matching (PSM) analysis and an inverse probability weighting analysis (IPW) were performed to assess the influence of IVC resection on short- and long-terms outcomes. RESULTS Among the 78 patients who underwent MH, 20 had IVC resection (IVC patients). Overall, the mortality and severe complication rate were 8% and 20%, respectively. IVC patients required more extended hepatectomies (p = 0.001) and had increased rates of transfusions (p = 0.001), however they did not experience increased postoperative morbidity, even after PSM. The 1-, 3- and 5-years OS and DFS were 78%, 45%, and 32% and 48%, 20%, and 16%, respectively. IVC was not associated with decreased OS (p = 0.52) and/or RFS (p = 0.85), even after IPW. CONCLUSION MH with IVC resection for ICC seems to provide acceptable short- and long-term results in a selected population of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anais Palen
- Department of General Surgery and Liver Transplantation, La Timone Hospital, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France.
| | - Jonathan Garnier
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Christian Hobeika
- Department of HPB Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Beaujon Hospital, Clichy, France
| | - Jacques Ewald
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Emilie Gregoire
- Department of General Surgery and Liver Transplantation, La Timone Hospital, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Robert Delpero
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Yves P Le Treut
- Department of General Surgery and Liver Transplantation, La Timone Hospital, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Olivier Turrini
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, CRCM, Marseille, France
| | - Jean Hardwigsen
- Department of General Surgery and Liver Transplantation, La Timone Hospital, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
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Bergquist JR, Li AY, Javadi CS, Lee B, Norton JA, Poultsides GA, Dua MM, Visser BC. Regional lymph node sampling in hepatoma resection: insight into prognosis. HPB (Oxford) 2021; 23:1360-1370. [PMID: 33563547 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2021.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of regional lymph node sampling (LNS) during resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is poorly understood. This study sought to ameliorate this knowledge gap through a nationwide population-based analysis. METHODS Patients who underwent liver resection (LR) for HCC were identified from Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER-18) database (2003-2015). Cohort-based clinicopathologic comparisons were made based on completion of regional LNS. Propensity-score matching reduced bias. Overall and disease-specific survival (OS/DSS) were analyzed. RESULTS Among 5395 patients, 835 (15.4%) underwent regional LNS. Patients undergoing LNS had larger tumors (7.0vs4.8 cm) and higher T-stage (30.9 vs. 17.6% T3+, both p < 0.001). Node-positive rate was 12.0%. Median OS (50 months for both) and DSS (28 vs. 29 months) were similar between cohorts, but node-positive patients had decreased OS/DSS (20/16 months, p < 0.01). Matched patients undergoing LNS had equivalent OS (46 vs. 43 months, p = 0.869) and DSS (27 vs. 29 months, p = 0.306) to non-LNS patients. The prognostic impact of node positivity persisted after matching (OS/DSS 24/19 months, p < 0.01). Overall disease-specific mortality were both independently elevated (overall HR 1.71-unmatched, 1.56-matched, p < 0.01; disease-specific HR 1.40-unmatched, p < 0.01, 1.25-matched, p = 0.09). CONCLUSION Regional LNS is seldom performed during resection for HCC, but it provides useful prognostic information. As the era of adjuvant therapy for HCC begins, surgeons should increasingly consider performing regional LNS to facilitate optimal multidisciplinary management.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Bergquist
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Amy Y Li
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, General Surgery Residency Program - Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Christopher S Javadi
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Byrne Lee
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Norton
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - George A Poultsides
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Monica M Dua
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Brendan C Visser
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Zanetto A, Shalaby S, Gambato M, Germani G, Senzolo M, Bizzaro D, Russo FP, Burra P. New Indications for Liver Transplantation. J Clin Med 2021; 10:3867. [PMID: 34501314 PMCID: PMC8432035 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10173867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver transplantation (LT) is an important therapeutic option for the treatment of several liver diseases. Modern LT is characterized by remarkable improvements in post-transplant patient survival, graft survival, and quality of life. Thanks to these great improvements, indications for LT are expanding. Nowadays, clinical conditions historically considered exclusion criteria for LT, have been considered new indications for LT, showing survival advantages for patients. In this review, we provide an updated overview of the principal newer indications for LT, with particular attention to alcoholic hepatitis, acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), cholangiocarcinoma and colorectal cancer metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Patrizia Burra
- Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy; (A.Z.); (S.S.); (M.G.); (G.G.); (M.S.); (D.B.); (F.P.R.)
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25
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The State of Immunotherapy in Hepatobiliary Cancers. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082096. [PMID: 34440865 PMCID: PMC8393650 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatobiliary cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), and gallbladder carcinoma (GBC), are lethal cancers with limited therapeutic options. Curative-intent treatment typically involves surgery, yet recurrence is common and many patients present with advanced disease not amenable to an operation. Immunotherapy represents a promising approach to improve outcomes, but the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment of the liver characteristic of hepatobiliary cancers has hampered the development and implementation of this therapeutic approach. Current immunotherapies under investigation include immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), the adoptive transfer of immune cells, bispecific antibodies, vaccines, and oncolytic viruses. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) are two ICIs that have demonstrated utility in HCC, and newer immune checkpoint targets are being tested in clinical trials. In advanced CCA and GBC, PD-1 ICIs have resulted in antitumor responses, but only in a minority of select patients. Other ICIs are being investigated for patients with CCA and GBC. Adoptive transfer may hold promise, with reports of complete durable regression in metastatic CCA, yet this therapeutic approach may not be generalizable. Alternative approaches have been developed and promising results have been observed, but clinical trials are needed to validate their utility. While the treatment of hepatobiliary cancers involves unique challenges that these cancers present, the progress seen with ICIs and adoptive transfer has solidified immunotherapy as an important approach in these challenging patients with few other effective treatment options.
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26
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Yuan C, Hu Z, Wang K, Zou S. Development and Validation a Nomogram for Predicting Overall Survival in Patients With Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Front Surg 2021; 8:659422. [PMID: 34079814 PMCID: PMC8165311 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.659422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aims to establish an effective nomogram to predict the overall survival of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Patients and Methods: Data used to build the nomogram comes from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Patients diagnosed with ICC between 2005 and 2016 were retrospectively collected. Prediction accuracy and discrimination ability of the nomogram was evaluated by concordance index (C-index) and calibration curve. The area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to compare the precision of the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival of the nomogram with 8th American Joint Commission on Cancer (AJCC) tumor–node–metastasis (TNM) staging system. Finally, it was verified in a prospective study of patients diagnosed with ICC in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from 2013 to 2020 by bootstrap resampling. Result: The study contains two parts of data; we establish a nomogram using external data, and we conducted internal verification and external verification. The nomogram that we have established has good calibration, with a concordance index (C-index) of 0.75 (95% CI, 0.74–0.76) for overall survival (OS) prediction. The AUC value of the nomogram predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 0.821, 0.828, and 0.836, which were higher than those of the 8th AJCC TNM staging systems. The calibration curve for the probability of survival between prediction by nomogram and actual observation shows good agreement. The nomogram showed better accuracy than the 8th edition AJCC TNM staging. Conclusion: The nomogram established can provide a more accurate prognosis for patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhigang Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shubing Zou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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27
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Chen W, Wu Z, Cao L. Hepatectomy is associated with survival in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: An observational study by instrumental variable analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24147. [PMID: 33655908 PMCID: PMC7939161 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver resection (LR) is a major treatment modality in select patients with stage I-III Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), yet many studies demonstrated low rates of resection. The aim of the present study is to evaluate whether increasing resection rates would result in an increase in average survival in patients with stage I-III ICC.Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 registry database for 2004 through 2015 was retrieved for the present study. Propensity score matching was performed to eliminate possible bias. In addition, instrumental variable (IV) analysis was utilized to adjust for both measured and unmeasured confounders.Among 2341 patients with clinical stage I-III ICC, we identified 1577 (67.4%) and 764 (32.6%) patients who received no treatment or LR, respectively. In the multivariable adjusted cohort, a clear prognostic advantage of LR was observed in overall survival (OS) (P < .001) and disease-specific survival (DSS) (P < .001) compared to patients who received no treatment. Estimates based on the IV analysis indicated that patients treated with LR had a significantly longer OS (P < .001) and DSS (P < .001) after adjusting confounding factors. In IV analyses stratified by American Joint Committee on Cancer tumor stage, we found that the better survival effects of LR on OS and DSS were consistent across all subgroups.Our outcomes indicated that LR was associated with a survival benefit for marginal patients with stage I-III ICC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lingling Cao
- Department of endocrinology, Jiujiang NO.1 People's Hospital, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
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28
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Balasubramanian B, Venkatraman S, Myint KZ, Janvilisri T, Wongprasert K, Kumkate S, Bates DO, Tohtong R. Co-Clinical Trials: An Innovative Drug Development Platform for Cholangiocarcinoma. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14010051. [PMID: 33440754 PMCID: PMC7826774 DOI: 10.3390/ph14010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a group of malignancies that originate from the biliary tract, is associated with a high mortality rate and a concerning increase in worldwide incidence. In Thailand, where the incidence of CCA is the highest, the socioeconomic burden is severe. Yet, treatment options are limited, with surgical resection being the only form of treatment with curative intent. The current standard-of-care remains adjuvant and palliative chemotherapy which is ineffective in most patients. The overall survival rate is dismal, even after surgical resection and the tumor heterogeneity further complicates treatment. Together, this makes CCA a significant burden in Southeast Asia. For effective management of CCA, treatment must be tailored to each patient, individually, for which an assortment of targeted therapies must be available. Despite the increasing numbers of clinical studies in CCA, targeted therapy drugs rarely get approved for clinical use. In this review, we discuss the shortcomings of the conventional clinical trial process and propose the implementation of a novel concept, co-clinical trials to expedite drug development for CCA patients. In co-clinical trials, the preclinical studies and clinical trials are conducted simultaneously, thus enabling real-time data integration to accurately stratify and customize treatment for patients, individually. Hence, co-clinical trials are expected to improve the outcomes of clinical trials and consequently, encourage the approval of targeted therapy drugs. The increased availability of targeted therapy drugs for treatment is expected to facilitate the application of precision medicine in CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brinda Balasubramanian
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (B.B.); (S.V.); (K.Z.M.)
| | - Simran Venkatraman
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (B.B.); (S.V.); (K.Z.M.)
| | - Kyaw Zwar Myint
- Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (B.B.); (S.V.); (K.Z.M.)
| | - Tavan Janvilisri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Kanokpan Wongprasert
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Supeecha Kumkate
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - David O. Bates
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
| | - Rutaiwan Tohtong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-2-201-5606
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29
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Hand F, Hoti E. Contemporary role of liver transplantation for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 14:475-481. [PMID: 32401554 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2020.1765771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a dismal disease with limited management options. Surgical resection remains the only established treatment however, due to its inherent predilection to invade vascular structures, only a fraction of patients with CCA meet resection criteria at diagnosis. Furthermore, R0 margins, crucial to obtain optimum survival can often prove elusive. AREAS COVERED This review discusses the evolution of liver transplant for CCA, following its introduction in the 1990 s with less than exemplary outcomes. While transplantation is not standard of care, emerging data has suggested a crucial role in prolonging survival of those with CCA. Here we analyze the current role of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients, in the setting of both intrahepatic CCA and hilar CCA in order to establish whether this is a judicious use of a precious resource. EXPERT OPINION Liver transplant has a definite role in the treatment of CCA, as highlighted by ongoing clinical trials. A greater understanding of tumor biology coupled with results of current studies will help elucidate which patients will best benefit from OLT. While significant strides are being made to improve outcomes, this must be tempered with an understanding of the finite nature of liver grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Hand
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplant Surgery, St. Vincent's, University Hospital , Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Emir Hoti
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplant Surgery, St. Vincent's, University Hospital , Dublin 4, Ireland
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30
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Cloyd JM, Ejaz A, Pawlik TM. The Landmark Series: Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2020; 27:2859-2865. [PMID: 32419038 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-020-08621-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is an aggressive biliary tract cancer (BTC) with distinct anatomic, molecular, and clinical characteristics that distinguishes it from other BTCs. METHODS In this landmark series review, we highlight the critical studies that have defined the surgical management of ICC, as well as several randomized controlled trials that have investigated adjuvant therapy strategies. RESULTS Surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment and should involve margin-negative resection with regional lymphadenectomy. Several recently completed and ongoing randomized controlled trials are defining the indications for adjuvant therapy among patients with resected ICC. CONCLUSIONS In the near future, improved understanding of the molecular features of ICC should lead to newer targeted therapies as well as a more personalized approach to systemic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M Cloyd
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Aslam Ejaz
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA. .,Department of Surgery, Oncology, The Urban Meyer III and Shelley Meyer Chair for Cancer Research, Health Services Management and Policy, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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31
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Guerrini GP, Esposito G, Tarantino G, Serra V, Olivieri T, Catellani B, Assirati G, Guidetti C, Ballarin R, Magistri P, Di Benedetto F. Laparoscopic versus open liver resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: the first meta-analysis. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2020; 405:265-275. [PMID: 32367395 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-020-01877-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) has gained increasing acceptance for surgical treatment of malignant and benign liver tumors. LLR for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is not commonly performed because of the concern for the frequent need for major hepatectomy, vascular-biliary reconstructions, and lymph node dissection (LND). The aim of this present meta-analysis is to compare surgical and oncological outcomes of laparoscopic (LLR) versus open liver resection (OLR) for ICC. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic review was conducted using the PubMed, MEDLINE, and Cochrane library database of published studies comparing LLR and OLR up to October 2019. Two reviewers independently assessed the eligibility and quality of the studies. Dichotomous data were calculated by odds ratio (OR), and continuous data were calculated by mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). RESULTS Four retrospective observational studies describing 204 patients met the inclusion criteria. With respect to surgical outcomes, laparoscopic compared with open liver resection was associated with lower blood loss [MD - 173.86, (95% CI - 254.82, -92.91) p < 0.0001], less requirement of blood transfusion [OR 0.34, (95% CI 0.14, 0.82) p = 0.02], less need for Pringle maneuver [OR 0.17, (95% CI 0.07, 0.43) p = 0.0002], shorter hospital stay [MD - 3.77, (95% CI - 5.09, - 2.44; p < 0.0001], and less morbidity [OR 0.44, (95% CI 0.21, 0.94) p = 0.03]. With respect to oncological outcomes, the LLR group was prone to lower rates of lymphadenectomy [OR 0.12, (95% CI 0.06, 0.25) p < 0.0001], but surgical margins R0 and recurrence rate were not significantly different. CONCLUSION Laparoscopic liver resection for ICC seems to achieve better surgical outcomes, providing short-term benefits without negatively affecting oncologic adequacy in terms of R0 resections and disease recurrence. However, a higher LND rate was observed in the open group. Due to the risk of bias and the statistical heterogeneity between the studies included in this review, further RCTs are needed to reach stronger scientific conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Piero Guerrini
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Policlinico Modena Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41125, Modena, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Esposito
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Policlinico Modena Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tarantino
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Policlinico Modena Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Valentina Serra
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Policlinico Modena Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Tiziana Olivieri
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Policlinico Modena Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Barbara Catellani
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Policlinico Modena Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Giacomo Assirati
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Policlinico Modena Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Cristiano Guidetti
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Policlinico Modena Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Roberto Ballarin
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Policlinico Modena Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Paolo Magistri
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Policlinico Modena Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Di Benedetto
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Policlinico Modena Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41125, Modena, Italy
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Jiao M, Ning S, Chen J, Chen L, Jiao M, Cui Z, Guo L, Mu W, Yang H. Long non‑coding RNA ZEB1‑AS1 predicts a poor prognosis and promotes cancer progression through the miR‑200a/ZEB1 signaling pathway in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Int J Oncol 2020; 56:1455-1467. [PMID: 32236578 PMCID: PMC7170034 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play pivotal roles in cancer progression, including in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC). The overexpression of lncRNA ZEB1 antisense 1 (ZEB1‑AS1) has been discovered in several types of cancer; however, the clinical significance and functional role of ZEB1‑AS1 in IHCC have not yet been determined. In the present study, ZEB1‑AS1 was found to be upregulated in IHCC cell lines and tissues. A high ZEB1‑AS1 expression was associated with clinical progression and a poor survival of patients with IHCC, and was identified as an independent risk factor for a poor prognosis. In addition, ZEB1‑AS1 promoted the proliferation and metastasis of IHCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. ZEB1‑AS1 was demonstrated to increase the expression of ZEB1 by sponging miR‑200a and to thereby accelerate epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT). On the whole, the findings of the present study demonstrate that ZEB1‑AS1 promotes proliferation and metastasis in IHCC, and induces EMT through the miR‑200a/ZEB1 signaling pathway. ZEB1‑AS1 may thus be a promising prognostic biomarker and essential therapeutic target for IHCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwen Jiao
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Shanglei Ning
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jingbo Chen
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Pathology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Meng Jiao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong 271600, P.R. China
| | - Zhonghui Cui
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Lingyu Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Wentao Mu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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Xu W, Yu S, Xiong J, Long J, Zheng Y, Sang X. CeRNA regulatory network-based analysis to study the roles of noncoding RNAs in the pathogenesis of intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:1047-1086. [PMID: 31956102 PMCID: PMC7053603 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
To explore and understand the competitive mechanism of ceRNAs in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), we used bioinformatics analysis methods to construct an ICC-related ceRNA regulatory network (ceRNET), which contained 340 lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory relationships based on the RNA expression datasets in the NCBI GEO database. We identified the core regulatory pathway RP11-328K4.1-hsa-miR-27a-3p-PROS1, which is related to ICC, for further validation by molecular biology assays. GO analysis of 44 differentially expressed mRNAs in ceRNET revealed that they were mainly enriched in biological processes including “negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation” and "positive regulation of activated T lymphocyte proliferation.” KEGG analysis showed that they were mainly enriched in the “complement and coagulation cascade” pathway. The molecular biology assay showed that lncRNA RP11-328K4.1 expression was significantly lower in the cancerous tissues and peripheral plasma of ICC patients than in normal controls (p<0.05). In addition, hsa-miR-27a-3p was found to be significantly upregulated in the cancer tissues and peripheral plasma of ICC patients (p<0.05). Compared to normal controls, the expression of PROS1 mRNA was significantly downregulated in ICC patient cancer tissues (p<0.05) but not in peripheral plasma (p>0.05). Furthermore, ROC analysis revealed that RP11-328K4.1, hsa-miR-27a-3p, and PROS1 had significant diagnostic value in ICC. We concluded that the upregulation of lncRNA RP11-328K4.1, which might act as a miRNA sponge, exerts an antitumor effect in ICC by eliminating the inhibition of PROS1 mRNA expression by oncogenic miRNA hsa-miR-27a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyu Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Xi-Cheng, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Si Yu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Wangfujing, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Xiong
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Xi-Cheng, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyu Long
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Wangfujing, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongchang Zheng
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Wangfujing, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinting Sang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Wangfujing, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
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Wang D, He S, Chu L, Chao Q, Zhang Q, Shu H. A metastatic skull tumor from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e18291. [PMID: 31804374 PMCID: PMC6919424 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) originates from the epithelial cells of the secondary branches that are distant from the intrahepatic bile duct. ICC is a rare pathological type of primary liver cancer, with a high malignancy rate and poor prognosis. However, patients with ICC metastasis to the skull are extremely rarely encountered. Herein, we present a case of a metastatic skull tumor from ICC, along with a literature review. PATIENT CONCERNS A 50-year-old right-handed man who did not smoke was diagnosed with a poorly differentiated ICC (T2aN0M0) in segment VI of the liver in February 2017. Hepatectomy was performed. The patient then presented with a painful mass in the posterior occipital region with dizziness experienced since 1 month, for which he underwent posterior occipital craniotomy. Postoperative specimens were sent for pathological examination. DIAGNOSES We diagnosed the patient with a metastatic skull tumor from ICC. INTERVENTIONS The patient underwent posterior occipital craniotomy and total resection of the tumor. OUTCOMES The patient received chemotherapy 1 month after surgery, and after 6 months of follow-up, the patient was alive. LESSONS ICC often shows metastases to the vertebrae. Therefore, physicians should consider the possibility of metastasis in patients with ICC, especially in those who show a painful skull mass of unknown origin; moreover, among patients with vertebral metastasis, physicians should be very vigilant about an occipital mass. We believe that the craniospinal venous system may be the pathway for occipital metastasis in patients with ICC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Liang Chu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People's Republic of China
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35
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Tsilimigras DI, Mehta R, Moris D, Sahara K, Bagante F, Paredes AZ, Moro A, Guglielmi A, Aldrighetti L, Weiss M, Bauer TW, Alexandrescu S, Poultsides GA, Maithel SK, Marques HP, Martel G, Pulitano C, Shen F, Soubrane O, Koerkamp BG, Endo I, Pawlik TM. A Machine-Based Approach to Preoperatively Identify Patients with the Most and Least Benefit Associated with Resection for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: An International Multi-institutional Analysis of 1146 Patients. Ann Surg Oncol 2019; 27:1110-1119. [PMID: 31728792 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-019-08067-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate risk stratification and patient selection is necessary to identify patients who will benefit the most from surgery or be better treated with other non-surgical treatment strategies. We sought to identify which patients in the preoperative setting would likely derive the most or least benefit from resection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). METHODS Patients who underwent curative-intent resection for ICC between 1990 and 2017 were identified from an international multi-institutional database. A machine-based classification and regression tree (CART) was used to generate homogeneous groups of patients relative to overall survival (OS) based on preoperative factors. RESULTS Among 1146 patients, CART analysis revealed tumor number and size, albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade and preoperative lymph node (LN) status as the strongest prognostic factors associated with OS among patients undergoing resection for ICC. In turn, four groups of patients with distinct outcomes were generated through machine learning: Group 1 (n = 228): single ICC, size ≤ 5 cm, ALBI grade I, negative preoperative LN status; Group 2 (n = 708): (1) single tumor > 5 cm, (2) single tumor ≤ 5 cm, ALBI grade 2/3, and (3) single tumor ≤ 5 cm, ALBI grade 1, metastatic/suspicious LNs; Group 3 (n = 150): 2-3 tumors; Group 4 (n = 60): ≥ 4 tumors. 5-year OS among Group 1, 2, 3, and 4 patients was 60.5%, 35.8%, 27.5%, and 3.8%, respectively (p < 0.001). Similarly, 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) among Group 1, 2, 3, and 4 patients was 47%, 27.2%, 6.8%, and 0%, respectively (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The machine-based CART model identified distinct prognostic groups of patients with distinct outcomes based on preoperative factors. Survival decision trees may be useful as guides in preoperative patient selection and risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diamantis I Tsilimigras
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rittal Mehta
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dimitrios Moris
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kota Sahara
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Fabio Bagante
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Anghela Z Paredes
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Amika Moro
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Matthew Weiss
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Todd W Bauer
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Hugo P Marques
- Department of Surgery, Curry Cabral Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Carlo Pulitano
- Department of Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Feng Shen
- Department of Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Olivier Soubrane
- Department of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation, AP-HP, Beaujon Hospital, Clichy, France
| | - Bas Groot Koerkamp
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Itaru Endo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wexner Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA. .,Department of Surgery, The Urban Meyer III and Shelley Meyer Chair for Cancer Research, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, 395 W. 12th Ave., Suite 670, Columbus, OH, USA.
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36
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Idrees JJ, Merath K, Gani F, Bagante F, Mehta R, Beal E, Cloyd JM, Pawlik TM. Trends in centralization of surgical care and compliance with National Cancer Center Network guidelines for resected cholangiocarcinoma. HPB (Oxford) 2019; 21:981-989. [PMID: 30591307 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A retrospective study was performed to characterize trends in centralization of care and compliance with National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines for resected cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), and their impact on overall survival (OS). METHODS Using the National Cancer Database (NCDB) 2004-2015 we identified patients undergoing resection for CCA. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses identified time periods and hospital volume groups for comparison. Propensity score matching provided case-mix adjusted patient cohorts. Cox hazard analysis identified risk factors for OS. RESULTS Among the 40,338 patients undergoing resection for CCA, the proportion of patients undergoing surgery at high volume hospitals increased over time (25%-44%, p < 0.001), while the proportion of patients undergoing surgery at low volume hospitals decreased (30%-15%, p < 0.001). Using ROC analyses, a hospital volume of 14 operations/year was the most sensitive and specific value associated with mortality. Surgery at high volume hospitals [HR] = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.88-0.97, p < 0.001) and receipt of care compliant with NCCN guidelines (HR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.83-0.91, p < 0.001) were independently associated with improved OS. CONCLUSIONS Both centralization of surgery for CCA to high volume hospitals and increased compliance with NCCN guidelines were associated with significant improvements in overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay J Idrees
- Department of Surgery, Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Katiuscha Merath
- Department of Surgery, Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Faiz Gani
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fabio Bagante
- Department of Surgery, Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rittal Mehta
- Department of Surgery, Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Eliza Beal
- Department of Surgery, Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jordan M Cloyd
- Department of Surgery, Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Lee GC, Gamblin TC, Fong ZV, Ferrone CR, Goyal L, Lillemoe KD, Blaszkowsky LS, Tanabe KK, Qadan M. Facility Type is Associated with Margin Status and Overall Survival of Patients with Resected Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2019; 26:4091-4099. [PMID: 31368018 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-019-07657-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have demonstrated associations between surgical resections at academic centers and improved outcomes, particularly for complex operations. However, few studies have examined this relationship in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). The hypothesis of this study was that facility type is associated with improved postoperative outcomes and survival for patients with ICC who undergo resection. METHODS Patients with stages 1 to 3 ICC who underwent hepatectomy were identified using the National Cancer Database (NCDB) (2004-2014). Facilities were categorized as academic or community centers per Commission on Cancer designations. High-volume hospitals were those that performed 11 or more hepatectomies per year. Multilevel logistic mixed-effects models to identify predictors of outcomes and parametric survival-time models were used to determine overall survival (OS). RESULTS The study identified 2256 patients. Of these patients, 423 (18.8%) were treated at community centers, and 1833 (81.3%) were treated at academic centers. Nearly all high-volume centers were academic facilities (98.5% academic vs. 1.5% community centers), whereas low-volume centers were mixed (65.5% academic vs. 34.5% community centers) (p < 0.001). Surgery performed at an academic center was an independent predictor of decreased positive margins (odds ratio [OR], 0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.51-0.98; p = 0.04), a lower 90-day mortality rate (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.39-0.97; p = 0.03), and improved OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.78; 95% CI, 0.63-0.96; p = 0.02). Facility hepatectomy volume was not independently associated with any short- or long-term outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Treatment at an academic center is associated with fewer positive resection margins, a decreased 90-day mortality rate, and improved OS for patients who undergo ICC resection. Facility surgical volume was not shown to be significantly associated with any postoperative outcomes after adjustment for patient and disease characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace C Lee
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Newton Wellesley Hospital, Newton, MA, USA
| | - T Clark Gamblin
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Zhi Ven Fong
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Newton Wellesley Hospital, Newton, MA, USA
| | - Cristina R Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Newton Wellesley Hospital, Newton, MA, USA
| | - Lipika Goyal
- Newton Wellesley Hospital, Newton, MA, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keith D Lillemoe
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Newton Wellesley Hospital, Newton, MA, USA
| | - Lawrence S Blaszkowsky
- Newton Wellesley Hospital, Newton, MA, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth K Tanabe
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Newton Wellesley Hospital, Newton, MA, USA
| | - Motaz Qadan
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. .,Newton Wellesley Hospital, Newton, MA, USA. .,Surgical Oncology Associates, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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Zheng WH, Yu T, Luo YH, Wang Y, Liu YF, Hua XD, Lin J, Ma ZH, Ai FL, Wang TL. Clinical efficacy of gemcitabine and cisplatin-based transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with radiotherapy in hilar cholangiocarcinoma. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2019; 11:489-498. [PMID: 31236199 PMCID: PMC6580316 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v11.i6.489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radical surgical resection is regarded as the best treatment for hepatic hilar cholangiocarcinoma. However, 60%-70% of patients have lost the chance of surgery at the time of diagnosis. Simple biliary stent or drainage tube placement may fail in a short time due to tumor invasion or overgrowth, bile accumulation, or biofilm formation. Effective palliative treatments to extend the effective drainage time are of great significance for improving the quality of life of patients and changing the prognosis of patients.
AIM To investigate the clinical efficacy of gemcitabine and cisplatin-based transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with radiotherapy in hilar cholangiocarcinoma.
METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients clinically diagnosed with hilar cholangiocarcinoma from June 2014 to January 2017 at the Liaoning Provincial Cancer Hospital. Patients were evaluated by specialists, and those who were not suitable for surgery or unwilling to undergo surgery and met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. There were a total of 72 patients (34 males and 38 females) with an average age of 59.9 years (range, 40-72 years). According to percutaneous transhepatic biliary angiography and the patients’ wishes, stent implantation or biliary drainage tube implantation was used to relieve biliary obstruction. The patients were divided into either a control group or a combined treatment group according to their follow-up treatment. The control group consisted of a total of 35 patients who received simple biliary drainage tube placement and biliary stent implantation (7 patients with bilateral stents and 6 with a unilateral stent) and 22 patients receiving biliary drainage tube placement alone. The combined treatment group received TACE and extracorporeal radiotherapy after biliary drainage or biliary stent implantation and consisted of a total of 37 patients, including 21 patients receiving combined treatment after biliary stent placement (14 patients with bilateral stents and 7 with a unilateral stent) and 16 undergoing combined therapy after implanting the biliary drainage tube. In the combination treatment group, the TACE chemotherapy regimen employed gemcitabine and cisplatin, and the embolic agent was iodized oil. A particular dose was determined according to the patient's body surface area and the tumor staining indicated by DSA. In vitro radiotherapy was performed with intensity-modulated radiotherapy or three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy at an average dose of 48.3 Gy. Both groups were followed from stent implantation or drainage tube implantation until the patient quitted or died. The median length of follow-up observation was 13 mo. The differences in overall survival time and the effect of different jaundice reducing methods (single stent, double stent, or biliary drainage) on the patency time and survival time of biliary stents were compared between the two groups; the related factors affecting overall survival time were analyzed.
RESULTS The median survival time of the control group was 10.5 mo; the median survival time of patients with biliary stent implantation and those with percutaneous biliary drainage was 9.6 mo and 11.4 mo, respectively, and there was no statistically significant difference between them. The median survival time of the combined treatment group was 20.0 mo, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Among patients in the combined treatment group, the median survival time of patients who underwent biliary stent implantation and those who accepted percutaneous biliary drainage before the combination therapy was 19.5 mo and 20.1 mo, respectively, and there was no significant difference between them. In the combination treatment group, the mean time of median stent patency was 15.6 mo, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (7.0 mo; P < 0.05). The independent factors affecting survival time included age, whether to receive combination therapy, percutaneous biliary drainage tube implantation, and Bismuth-Corlette classification as type IV.
CONCLUSION Gemcitabine and cisplatin-based TACE combined with radiotherapy can prolong the survival of patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Independent predictors of survival include selection of combination therapy, Bismuth-Corlette classification as type IV, selection of percutaneous biliary drainage tube implantation, and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Heng Zheng
- Department of Medical Imaging, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ya-Hong Luo
- Department of Medical Imaging, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ye-Fu Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Hua
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of General Surgery (VIP ward), Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zuo-Hong Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Fu-Lu Ai
- Department of General Surgery (VIP ward), Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Tian-Lu Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning Province, China
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Association Between Travel Distance, Hospital Volume, and Outcomes Following Resection of Cholangiocarcinoma. J Gastrointest Surg 2019; 23:944-952. [PMID: 30815777 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-019-04162-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of the current study was to characterize the association between travel distance/hospital volume relative to outcomes following resection of cholangiocarcinoma. METHODS Patients were identified using the 2004-2015 National Cancer Database and stratified into quartiles according to travel distance/hospital volume. Multivariable regression models were utilized to examine the impact of travel distance and hospital volume on quality-of-care metrics and overall survival. RESULTS Among 5125 patients, the majority of patients had T1/2 (N = 2006, 41.1%) and N0 disease (N = 2498, 50.9%). Median hospital quartile surgical volumes in cases/year were low volume (LV) 6, intermediate low volume (ILV) 7, intermediate high volume (IHV) 12, and high volume (HV) 24 cases/year. Median travel distance quartiles in miles were short travel (ST) 2.7, intermediate short travel (IST) 7.9, intermediate long travel (ILT) 18.9, and long travel (LT) 84.7. Longer travel distances were associated with better overall survival, as every 10 miles was associated with a 2% decrease in mortality (p = 0.02). Differences in quality-of-care metrics were largely mediated through travel distance. CONCLUSIONS Travel distance and hospital volume were associated with certain quality-of-care metrics among patients with cholangiocarcinoma. After controlling for hospital volume and travel distance simultaneously, only travel distance was associated with decreased risk of mortality.
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Waisberg DR, Pinheiro RS, Nacif LS, Rocha-Santos V, Martino RB, Arantes RM, Ducatti L, Lai Q, Andraus W, D'Albuquerque LC. Resection for intrahepatic cholangiocellular cancer: new advances. Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 3:60. [PMID: 30363713 DOI: 10.21037/tgh.2018.08.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most prevalent primary liver neoplasm after hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), corresponding to 10% to 15% of cases. Pathologies that cause chronic biliary inflammation and bile stasis are known predisposing factors for development of ICC. The incidence and cancer-related mortality of ICC is increasing worldwide. Most patients remain asymptomatic until advance stage, commonly presenting with a liver mass incidentally diagnosed. The only potentially curative treatment available for ICC is surgical resection. The prognosis is dismal for unresectable cases. The principle of the surgical approach is a margin negative hepatic resection with preservation of adequate liver remnant. Regional lymphadenectomy is recommended at time of hepatectomy due to the massive impact on outcomes caused by lymph node (LN) metastasis. Multicentric disease, tumor size, margin status and tumor differentiation are also important prognostic factors. Staging laparoscopy is warranted in high-risk patients to avoid unnecessary laparotomy. Exceedingly complex surgical procedures, such as major vascular, extrahepatic bile ducts and visceral resections, ex vivo hepatectomy and autotransplantation, should be implemented in properly selected patients to achieve negative margins. Neoadjuvant therapy may be used in initially unresectable lesions in order to downstage and allow resection. Despite optimal surgical management, recurrence is frustratingly high. Adjuvant chemotherapy with radiation associated with locoregional treatments should be considered in cases with unfavorable prognostic factors. Selected patients may undergo re-resection of tumor recurrence. Despite the historically poor outcomes of liver transplantation for ICC, highly selected patients with unresectable disease, especially those with adequate response to neoadjuvant therapy, may be offered transplant. In this article, we reviewed the current literature in order to highlight the most recent advances and recommendations for the surgical treatment of this aggressive malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Waisberg
- Disciplina de Transplante de Figado e Orgaos do Aparelho Digestivo, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael S Pinheiro
- Disciplina de Transplante de Figado e Orgaos do Aparelho Digestivo, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas S Nacif
- Disciplina de Transplante de Figado e Orgaos do Aparelho Digestivo, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Rocha-Santos
- Disciplina de Transplante de Figado e Orgaos do Aparelho Digestivo, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo B Martino
- Disciplina de Transplante de Figado e Orgaos do Aparelho Digestivo, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rubens M Arantes
- Disciplina de Transplante de Figado e Orgaos do Aparelho Digestivo, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Liliana Ducatti
- Disciplina de Transplante de Figado e Orgaos do Aparelho Digestivo, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Quirino Lai
- Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, University of L'Aquila, San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Wellington Andraus
- Disciplina de Transplante de Figado e Orgaos do Aparelho Digestivo, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz C D'Albuquerque
- Disciplina de Transplante de Figado e Orgaos do Aparelho Digestivo, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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