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Santos García D, de Deus Fonticoba T, Cores C, Suárez Castro E, Hernández Vara J, Jesús S, Mir P, Cosgaya M, José Martí M, Pastor P, Cabo I, Seijo M, Legarda I, Vives B, Caballol N, Rúiz Martínez J, Croitoru I, Cubo E, Miranda J, Alonso Losada MG, Labandeira C, López Ariztegui N, Morales-Casado M, González Aramburu I, Infante J, Escalante S, Bernardo N, Blázquez Estrada M, Menéndez González M, García Caldentey J, Borrué C, Vela L, Catalán MJ, Gómez Mayordomo V, Kurtis M, Prieto C, Ordás C, Nogueira V, López Manzanares L, Ávila Rivera MA, Puente V, García Moreno JM, Solano Vila B, Álvarez Sauco M, Carrillo Padilla F, Martínez Castrillo JC, Sánchez Alonso P, Gastón I, Kulisevsky J, Valero C, de Fábregues O, González Ardura J, López Díaz LM, Martinez-Martin P. Falls Predict Acute Hospitalization in Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2023; 13:105-124. [PMID: 33843696 PMCID: PMC9912731 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-212539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need for identifying risk factors for hospitalization in Parkinson's disease (PD) and also interventions to reduce acute hospital admission. OBJECTIVE To analyze the frequency, causes, and predictors of acute hospitalization (AH) in PD patients from a Spanish cohort. METHODS PD patients recruited from 35 centers of Spain from the COPPADIS-2015 (COhort of Patients with PArkinson's DIsease in Spain, 2015) cohort from January 2016 to November 2017, were included in the study. In order to identify predictors of AH, Kaplan-Meier estimates of factors considered as potential predictors were obtained and Cox regression performed on time to hospital encounter 1-year after the baseline visit. RESULTS Thirty-five out of 605 (5.8%) PD patients (62.5±8.9 years old; 59.8% males) presented an AH during the 1-year follow-up after the baseline visit. Traumatic falls represented the most frequent cause of admission, being 23.7% of all acute hospitalizations. To suffer from motor fluctuations (HR [hazard ratio] 2.461; 95% CI, 1.065-5.678; p = 0.035), a very severe non-motor symptoms burden (HR [hazard ratio] 2.828; 95% CI, 1.319-6.063; p = 0.008), falls (HR 3.966; 95% CI 1.757-8.470; p = 0.001), and dysphagia (HR 2.356; 95% CI 1.124-4.941; p = 0.023) was associated with AH after adjustment to age, gender, disease duration, levodopa equivalent daily dose, total number of non-antiparkinsonian drugs, and UPDRS-IIIOFF. Of the previous variables, only falls (HR 2.998; 95% CI 1.080-8.322; p = 0.035) was an independent predictor of AH. CONCLUSION Falls is an independent predictor of AH in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Santos García
- CHUAC, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain,Correspondence to: Dr. Diego Santos García, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario de A Coruña (HUAC), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC), C/ As Xubias 84, 15006, A Coruña, Spain. Tel.: +34 646173341; E-mail:
| | | | - Carlos Cores
- CHUAC, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | | | - Jorge Hernández Vara
- Neurology Department and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research. Vall D’Hebron Universitary Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Jesús
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain,CIBERNED (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas), Spain
| | - Pablo Mir
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain,CIBERNED (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas), Spain
| | | | | | - Pau Pastor
- Movement disorders Unit, University Hospital Mutua de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iria Cabo
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra (CHOP), Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Manuel Seijo
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra (CHOP), Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Inés Legarda
- Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Bárbara Vives
- Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Nuria Caballol
- Consorci Sanitari Integral, Hospital Moisés Broggi, Sant Joan Despí, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Esther Cubo
- Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, Spain
| | - Javier Miranda
- Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Labandeira
- Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo (CHUVI), Vigo, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Jon Infante
- Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Sonia Escalante
- Hospital de Tortosa Verge de la Cinta (HTVC), Tortosa, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Noemí Bernardo
- Hospital de Tortosa Verge de la Cinta (HTVC), Tortosa, Tarragona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Lydia Vela
- Fundación Hospital de Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Berta Solano Vila
- Institut d’Assistència Sanitària (IAS) - Institut Català de la Salut. Girona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jaime Kulisevsky
- CIBERNED (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas), Spain,Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Oriol de Fábregues
- Neurology Department and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research. Vall D’Hebron Universitary Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Pablo Martinez-Martin
- CIBERNED (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas), Spain
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Fearn S, Bartolomeu Pires S, Agarwal V, Roberts HC, Spreadbury J, Kipps C. The Causes and Impact of Crisis for People with Parkinson's Disease: A Patient and Carer Perspective. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2021; 11:1935-1945. [PMID: 34250952 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-212641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The reasons for acute hospital admissions among people with Parkinson's disease are well documented. However, understanding of crises that are managed in the community is comparatively lacking. Most existing literature on the causes of crisis for people with Parkinson's disease (PwP) uses hospital data and excludes the individual's own perspective on the crisis trigger and the impact of the crisis on their care needs. OBJECTIVE To identify the causes and impact of crises in both community and hospital settings, from a patient and carer perspective. METHODS A total of 550 UK-based PwP and carers completed a survey on (a) their own personal experiences of crisis, and (b) their general awareness of potential crisis triggers for PwP. RESULTS In addition to well-recognised causes of crisis such as falls, events less widely associated with crisis were identified, including difficulties with activities of daily living and carer absence. The less-recognised crisis triggers tended to be managed more frequently in the community. Many of these community-based crises had a greater impact on care needs than the better-known causes of crisis that more frequently required hospital care. PwP and carer responses indicated a good general knowledge of potential crisis triggers. PwP were more aware of mental health issues and carers were more aware of cognitive impairment and issues with medications. CONCLUSION These findings could improve care of Parkinson's by increasing understanding of crisis events from the patient and carer perspective, identifying under-recognised crisis triggers, and informing strategies for best recording symptoms from PwP and carers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Fearn
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK.,NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Sandra Bartolomeu Pires
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, University of Southampton, UK.,Neurodegenerative Research, R&D, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, UK
| | - Veena Agarwal
- Neurodegenerative Research, R&D, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, UK.,School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Helen C Roberts
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK.,NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, University of Southampton, UK.,Academic Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - John Spreadbury
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK.,NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Christopher Kipps
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, University of Southampton, UK.,Wessex Neurological Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
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Zeldenrust F, Lidstone S, Wu S, Okun MS, Cubillos F, Beck J, Davis T, Lyons K, Nelson E, Rafferty M, Schmidt P, Dai Y, Marras C. Variations in hospitalization rates across Parkinson's Foundation Centers of Excellence. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020; 81:123-128. [PMID: 33120073 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) are at increased risk for hospitalization and often experience worsening of PD when hospitalized. It is therefore important to identify strategies to prevent hospitalization. METHODS Hospital encounter rates in different Parkinson's Foundation Centers of Excellence in United States, Canada, Israel and the Netherlands were analyzed as part of the Parkinson Foundation Parkinson's Outcomes Project (PF-POP). Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio for hospitalization, adjusted for risk factors. RESULTS Baseline age, disease duration, other relative than spouse/partner as care giver, cancer, arthritis, other comorbidities, falls, use of levodopa, use of dopamine agonist, use of COMT inhibitor, occupational therapy before the baseline visit, PDQ-39, MSCI total score and time between visits were significantly associated with the risk of hospital encounters. After adjustment for these factors, two centers had significantly lower odds for hospitalization admission and ER visit (minimum OR 0.3) and four centers had significantly higher odds (maximum OR 1.5) than the average center. Four centers had significantly lower hazard ratios for time to re-hospitalization compared to the average center. Reducing hospital admission rates in those centers with higher than average rates would reduce overall hospitalizations by 11%. Applied to PD patients over 65 nationwide this represents a potential for cost savings of greater than $1 billion over 48 months. CONCLUSION Encounter rates vary even across expert centers and suggest that practices carried out in some centers may reduce the risk of hospitalization. Further research will be necessary to identify these practices and implement them more widely to improve care for people with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Lidstone
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samuel Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Michael S Okun
- Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | - Kelly Lyons
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Eugene Nelson
- The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice at Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Miriam Rafferty
- Shirley Ryan Ability Lab, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peter Schmidt
- Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Yunfeng Dai
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Connie Marras
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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4
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Bovolenta TM, de Azevedo Silva SMC, Saba RA, Borges V, Ferraz HB, Felicio AC. Average annual cost of Parkinson's disease in São Paulo, Brazil, with a focus on disease-related motor symptoms. Clin Interv Aging 2017; 12:2095-2108. [PMID: 29276379 PMCID: PMC5734235 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s151919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although Parkinson's disease is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease worldwide, its cost in Brazil - South America's largest country - is unknown. Objective The goal of this study was to calculate the average annual cost of Parkinson's disease in the city of São Paulo (Brazil), with a focus on disease-related motor symptoms. Subjects and methods This was a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis using a bottom-up approach (ie, from the society's perspective). Patients (N=260) at two tertiary public health centers, who were residents of the São Paulo metropolitan area, completed standardized questionnaires regarding their disease-related expenses. We used simple and multiple generalized linear models to assess the correlations between total cost and patient-related, as well as disease-related variables. Results The total average annual cost of Parkinson's disease was estimated at US$5,853.50 per person, including US$3,172.00 in direct costs (medical and nonmedical) and US$2,681.50 in indirect costs. Costs were directly correlated with disease severity (including the degree of motor symptoms), patients' age, and time since disease onset. Conclusion In this study, we determined the cost of Parkinson's disease in Brazil and observed that disease-related motor symptoms are a significant component of the costs incurred on the public health system, patients, and society in general.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roberta Arb Saba
- Neurology Department, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanderci Borges
- Neurology Department, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo
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Heckman GA, Crizzle AM, Chen J, Pringsheim T, Jette N, Kergoat MJ, Eckel L, Hirdes JP. Clinical Complexity and Use of Antipsychotics and Restraints in Long-Term Care Residents with Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2017; 7:103-115. [PMID: 27689617 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-160931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and/or Parkinsonism are affected by a complex burden of comorbidity. Many ultimately require institutional care, where they may be subject to the application of physical restraints or the prescription of antipsychotic medications, making them more vulnerable to adverse outcomes. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this paper are to: 1) describe the clinical complexity of older institutionalized persons with PD; and 2) examine patterns and predictors of restraint use and prescription of antipsychotics in this population. METHODS Population-based cross-sectional cohort study. Residents with PD and/or Parkinsonism living in long-term care (LTC) facilities in 6 Canadian provinces and 1 Northern Territory and Complex Continuing Care (CCC) facilities in Manitoba and Ontario, Canada. The RAI MDS 2.0 instrument was used to assess all LTC residents and CCC residents. Clinical characteristics and the prevalence of major comorbidities were examined. Multivariate modeling was used to identify the characteristics of PD residents most associated with the prescription of antipsychotics and the use of restraints in LTC and CCC facilities. RESULTS Residents with PD in LTC and CCC exhibit a high prevalence of dementia, major psychiatric disorders, stroke, heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and diabetes mellitus. More than 90% of LTC and CCC residents with PD had cognitive impairment; with more than half having moderate to severe impairment. Residents with PD were more likely to receive antipsychotics than those without PD. Antipsychotic use was associated with psychosis and aggressive behaviours, but also with unsteady gait and higher comorbidity and medication count. Similarly, although more common in CCC than LTC facilities, both psychosis and aggressive behaviours were associated with restraint use, as was greater cognitive and functional impairment, and urinary incontinence. Younger age, male gender, and lower physician access were all associated with greater antipsychotic and restraint use. CONCLUSIONS LTC and CCC residents with PD are very complex medically. Use of antipsychotics and restraints is common, and their use is often associated with factors other than psychosis or aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- George A Heckman
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.,Schlegel Research Institute for Aging, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Alexander M Crizzle
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.,School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Jonathen Chen
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Tamara Pringsheim
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Department of Community Health Sciences and Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Nathalie Jette
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Department of Community Health Sciences and Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Leslie Eckel
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - John P Hirdes
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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Spindola B, Leite MA, Orsini M, Fonoff E, Landeiro JA, Pessoa BL. Ablative surgery for Parkinson’s disease: Is there still a role for pallidotomy in the deep brain stimulation era? Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2017; 158:33-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2017.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Systematic Review and Critical Analysis of Cost Studies Associated with Parkinson's Disease. PARKINSONS DISEASE 2017; 2017:3410946. [PMID: 28357150 PMCID: PMC5357537 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3410946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease worldwide, affecting more than four million people. Typically, it affects individuals above 45, when they are still productive, compromising both aging and quality of life. Therefore, the cost of the disease must be identified, so that the use of resources can be rational and efficient. Additionally, in Brazil, there is a lack of research on the costs of neurodegenerative diseases, such as PD, a gap addressed in this study. This systematic review critically addresses the various methodologies used in original research around the world in the last decade on the subject, showing that costs are hardly comparable. Nonetheless, the economic and social impacts are implicit, and important information for public health agents is provided.
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Bovolenta TM, Felicio AC. How do demographic transitions and public health policies affect patients with Parkinson's disease in Brazil? Clin Interv Aging 2017; 12:197-205. [PMID: 28182156 PMCID: PMC5283069 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s123029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Brazil is currently experiencing a significant demographic transition characterized by a decrease in fertility rates and an exponential increase in the number of elderly citizens, which presents a special challenge for the health care professionals. More than other portions of the population, the elderly are most commonly affected by chronic diseases such as Parkinson’s disease. Policymakers contend that Brazil is reasonably well-prepared regarding elderly health care, with policies that aim to ensure the quality of life and the well-being of this portion of the population. However, what happens in practice falls short of what the Brazilian Constitution sets forth. Specifically, there is a clear contradiction between what the law recognizes as being a citizen’s rights and the implementation of guidelines. Because health financing in Brazil remains relatively low, the civil society tries to fill in the gaps as much as possible in the treatment of elderly patients suffering from chronic diseases such as Parkinson’s disease. In this review, we outline the current legislation in Brazil regarding the elderly and in particular, patients with Parkinson’s disease, in the context of a rapidly aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia M Bovolenta
- R. Neurology Program, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andre C Felicio
- R. Neurology Program, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
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9
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Plouvier AOA, Hameleers RJMG, van den Heuvel EAJ, Bor HH, Olde Hartman TC, Bloem BR, van Weel C, Lagro-Janssen ALM. Prodromal symptoms and early detection of Parkinson's disease in general practice: a nested case-control study. Fam Pract 2014; 31:373-8. [PMID: 24869632 DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmu025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Timely diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD), facilitating early intervention, depends largely on the GP's awareness of early symptomatology. For general practice, it is unknown which prodromal symptoms (symptoms preceding the typical motor symptoms of PD) demand the GP's alertness. OBJECTIVE To assess prodromal symptoms that should alert the GP to the possibility of PD in primary care patients. METHODS A nested case-control study was carried out in a population of approximately 12000 patients registered in the Continuous Morbidity Registration database affiliated with the University of Nijmegen in the Netherlands. The database pools subject data from four primary care practices. The subjects comprised all 86 patients diagnosed with PD between 1972 and 2007, and 78 controls, matched by sex, age, socioeconomic status and primary care practice. The primary measures of outcome were the prodromal symptoms presenting in the two years prior to the diagnosis of PD. The number (and type) of referrals and diagnostic tests were also assessed. RESULTS In the two-year period prior to diagnosis, PD patients more often presented with functional somatic symptoms, constipation, hyperhidrosis and sleep disorders than controls. Patients also more frequently experienced more than one prodromal symptom and were more often referred within the primary care team or to a medical specialist. CONCLUSIONS Prodromal symptoms of PD are encountered in general practice. GPs should be alert when patients present with multiple prodromal symptoms in a two-year period, especially considering the benefits of early intervention, and the future possibilities for disease-modifying therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hans H Bor
- Department of Primary and Community Care and
| | | | - Bastiaan R Bloem
- Department of Neurology and Parkinson Centre Nijmegen, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands and
| | - Chris van Weel
- Department of Primary and Community Care and Australian Primary Health Care Research Institute, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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Ng S, Morgan RO, Walder A, Biswas J, Bass DM, Judge KS, Snow AL, Wilson N, Kunik ME. Functional Decline Predicts Emergency Department Use in Veterans With Dementia. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2014; 29:362-71. [PMID: 24413540 PMCID: PMC10852555 DOI: 10.1177/1533317513518655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined emergency room (ER) utilization by persons with dementia (PWDs) using caregiver and patient characteristics as predictors. METHODS A secondary analysis of 296 veteran-caregiver dyads. Caregivers recorded PWD baseline characteristics and noted ER visits over the next year. Two sets of regression models analyzed categorical ER use and repeat ER use. RESULTS In the univariate analysis, categorical use of the ER was predicted by patients' functional status (P ≤ .008) and Veterans Affairs priority grouping (P ≤ .02). Repeat ER admissions were predicted by functional status (P ≤ .04), number of chronic conditions (P ≤ .01), and caregiver-reported relationship strain (P ≤ .04). In multivariate analysis, categorical ER use was predicted by functional status (P ≤ .02), priority grouping (P ≤ .03), and number of chronic conditions (P ≤ .06). CONCLUSIONS Functional status most strongly predicted ER use, highlighting the promise of home-based interventions to improve activities of daily living. Number of chronic conditions and caregiver-reported relationship strain are potential targets of intervention during discharge process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Ng
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA Houston VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert O Morgan
- Management, Policy and Community Health, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Annette Walder
- Houston VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Houston, TX, USA Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jonmenjoy Biswas
- Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David M Bass
- Margaret Blenkner Research Institute, Benjamin Rose Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Katherine S Judge
- Department of Psychology, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - A Lynn Snow
- Center for Mental Health and Aging, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Nancy Wilson
- Houston VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Houston, TX, USA Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mark E Kunik
- Houston VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Houston, TX, USA Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA VA South Central Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, USA
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11
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Lökk J, Borg S, Svensson J, Persson U, Ljunggren G. Drug and treatment costs in Parkinson's disease patients in Sweden. Acta Neurol Scand 2012; 125:142-7. [PMID: 21470194 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2011.01517.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease expected to cause great costs. The aim of this study was to calculate drug and treatment costs in patients with PD in Sweden. METHOD All healthcare contacts of patients with PD in Stockholm County, Sweden, were extracted from registers together with information on reimbursements from the authorities to the caregivers. PD-related costs were calculated together with non-PD-related costs. Cost per patient was calculated and extrapolated to the whole Swedish population, taking population demographics into consideration. In addition, nationwide PD drug sales statistics were included. RESULTS The PD prevalence of Stockholm County was estimated to 196 per 100,000 inhabitants, resulting in an estimated total of about 22,000 patients with PD in Sweden. The cost per patient was estimated to SEK 76,000 of which drug costs accounted for SEK 15,880. The annual direct costs in patients with PD in Sweden were SEK 1.7 billion in 2009. CONCLUSION Our study estimates high direct costs in patients with PD in Sweden, SEK 1.7 billion, 52% for inpatient care, 27% for outpatient care and 21% for drugs. With an ageing population and the medical progress, the financial burden on society will most probably increase in the future. This study might initiate and provide information for discussions about future cost allocations and healthcare priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lökk
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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12
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Gerlach OHH, Winogrodzka A, Weber WEJ. Clinical problems in the hospitalized Parkinson's disease patient: systematic review. Mov Disord 2011; 26:197-208. [PMID: 21284037 PMCID: PMC3130138 DOI: 10.1002/mds.23449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2009] [Revised: 07/16/2010] [Accepted: 08/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The problems Parkinson's disease (PD) patients encounter when admitted to a hospital, are known to be numerous and serious. These problems have been inventoried through a systematic review of literature on reasons for emergency and hospital admissions in PD patients, problems encountered during hospitalization, and possible solutions for the encountered problems using the Pubmed database. PD patients are hospitalized in frequencies ranging from 7 to 28% per year. PD/parkinsonism patients are approximately one and a half times more frequently and generally 2 to 14 days longer hospitalized than non-PD patients. Acute events occurring during hospitalization were mainly urinary infection, confusion, and pressure ulcers. Medication errors were also frequent adverse events. During and after surgery PD patients had an increased incidence of infections, confusion, falls, and decubitus, and 31% of patients was dissatisfied in the way their PD was managed. There are only two studies on medication continuation during surgery and one analyzing the effect of an early postoperative neurologic consultation, and numerous case reports, and opinionated views and reviews including other substitutes for dopaminergic medication intraoperatively. In conclusion, most studies were retrospective on small numbers of patients. The major clinical problems are injuries, infections, poor control of PD, and complications of PD treatment. There are many (un-researched) proposals for improvement. A substantial number of PD patients' admissions might be prevented. There should be guidelines concerning the hospitalized PD patients, with accent on early neurological consultation and team work between different specialities, and incorporating nonoral dopaminergic replacement therapy when necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver H H Gerlach
- Section of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Lower extremity isokinetic muscle strength in patients with Parkinson's disease. J Clin Neurosci 2010; 17:893-6. [PMID: 20435478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2009.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2009] [Revised: 11/09/2009] [Accepted: 11/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated lower extremity isokinetic muscle strength to determine affected muscle groups and their dependence on movement velocity, and to establish the relationship between muscle strength and clinical severity, as well as muscle strength and falls, in Parkinson's disease (PD). Twenty-five patients diagnosed with PD and 24 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. Lower extremity muscle strength was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer. Each participant's clinical status was examined in accordance with the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale; fall history was also recorded. We observed a significant decrease in isokinetic muscle strength in the patient group, especially in both hip and knee flexors and extensors. Decreased muscle strength was independent of velocity, and correlated with clinical severity and falls. Movement velocity-independent lower extremity isokinetic muscle weakness has been observed in patients with PD, especially in the knee and hip joints. The evaluation of isokinetic muscle strength may be a useful tool for the assessment of clinical severity and falls in PD.
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