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Domaradzki J, Walkowiak D. Evaluating the challenges and needs of parents caring for children with Williams syndrome: A preliminary study from Poland. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2024; 145:104669. [PMID: 38215502 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2024.104669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although physical, cognitive and behavioural manifestations of Williams syndrome (WS) affect every dimension of caregivers lives, no studies on the parental experiences of caring for a WS child have to date been carried out in Poland. METHODS In order to identify the challenges and needs of Polish carers of WS children a survey was conducted with 32 family caregivers who were supported by the Polish Williams Syndrome Association. RESULTS While caregivers were mostly challenged by their WS child's behaviours, health problems and mood swings, many parents experienced fatigue, intimacy problems with the partner and deterioration of mental health. They were also burdened by the lack of time for themselves and work restrictions resulting from caregiving responsibilities. Even though parents positively assessed quality of medical care for WS children, still many expressed their dissatisfaction both with the way the healthcare system for WS children works in Poland and complained about the doctors' lack of knowledge about WS, access to specialist care and lack of support from government and social institutions. Although many parents stressed positive impact of rising WS child, more than half experienced role captivity or role overload and felt not being understood by others. They also experienced variety of distressing emotions, including impatience, emotional lability, helplessness, anxiety and depression. CONCLUSIONS Although many WS parents stressed the affirmative aspect of raising WS child this research shows that the burden of caring for such a child goes far beyond clinical aspects and seriously affects every aspect of parents' lives, including their mental health, daily lives, family, their professional and social lives. Because apart from the daily challenges related to caring for a WS child, parents' dealings with the healthcare system and support services represent major problems there is a the need for a bio-psychosocial approach to WS that should include not only WS children, but also their caregivers. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS?: 1. It analyses the challenges and needs of parents caring for children with Williams syndrome; 2. It provides evidence that the impact of caring for WS children goes far beyond clinical aspects and seriously affects every aspect of parents' lives, including their mental health, daily lives, family, their professional and social lives; 3. It also shows that, apart from the daily challenges related to caring for a WS child, parents' dealings with the healthcare system and support services represent major problems. 4. Thereby, it highlights the importance of incorporating a bio-psychosocial approach to WS that should include not only WS children, but also their caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Domaradzki
- Department of Social Sciences and Humanities, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Dariusz Walkowiak
- Department of Organization and Management in Health Care, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Cirelli LK, Peiris R, Tavassoli N, Recchia H, Ross H. It takes two to tango: Preschool siblings’ musical play and prosociality in the home. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura K. Cirelli
- Department of Psychology University of Toronto Scarborough Toronto ON Canada
| | - Rachel Peiris
- Department of Psychology University of Toronto Scarborough Toronto ON Canada
| | - Nasim Tavassoli
- Department of Education Concordia University Montreal QC Canada
| | - Holly Recchia
- Department of Education Concordia University Montreal QC Canada
| | - Hildy Ross
- Department of Psychology University of Waterloo Waterloo ON Canada
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Thakur D, Martens MA, Smith DS, Roth E. Williams Syndrome and Music: A Systematic Integrative Review. Front Psychol 2018; 9:2203. [PMID: 30487769 PMCID: PMC6246687 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Researchers and clinicians have often cited a strong relationship between individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) and music. This review systematically identified, analyzed, and synthesized research findings related to WS and music. Methods: Thirty-one articles were identified that examined this relationship and were divided into seven areas. This process covered a diverse array of methodologies, with aims to: (1) report current findings; (2) assess methodological quality; and (3) discuss the potential implications and considerations for the clinical use of music with this population. Results: Results indicate that individuals with WS demonstrate a high degree of variability in skill and engagement in music, presenting with musical skills that are more in line with their cognitive abilities than chronological age (CA). Musical strengths for this population appear to be based more in musicality and expressivity than formal musical skills, which are expressed through a heightened interest in music, a greater propensity toward musical activities, and a heightened emotional responsiveness to music. Individuals with WS seem to conserve the overall structure of musical phrases better than they can discriminate or reproduce them exactly. The affinity for music often found in this population may be rooted in atypical auditory processing, autonomic irregularities, and differential neurobiology. Conclusions: More studies are needed to explore how this affinity for music can be harnessed in clinical and educational interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donovon Thakur
- Department of Music Therapy, School of Music, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Marilee A Martens
- Department of Behavioral Health, Child Development Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - David S Smith
- Department of Music Therapy, School of Music, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Ed Roth
- Brain Research and Interdisciplinary Neurosciences Laboratory, School of Music, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
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Crespi BJ, Procyshyn TL. Williams syndrome deletions and duplications: Genetic windows to understanding anxiety, sociality, autism, and schizophrenia. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 79:14-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Lense MD, Dykens EM. Beat Perception and Sociability: Evidence from Williams Syndrome. Front Psychol 2016; 7:886. [PMID: 27378982 PMCID: PMC4913095 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Beat perception in music has been proposed to be a human universal that may have its origins in adaptive processes involving temporal entrainment such as social communication and interaction. We examined beat perception skills in individuals with Williams syndrome (WS), a genetic, neurodevelopmental disorder. Musical interest and hypersociability are two prominent aspects of the WS phenotype although actual musical and social skills are variable. On a group level, beat and meter perception skills were poorer in WS than in age-matched peers though there was significant individual variability. Cognitive ability, sound processing style, and musical training predicted beat and meter perception performance in WS. Moreover, we found significant relationships between beat and meter perception and adaptive communication and socialization skills in WS. Results have implications for understanding the role of predictive timing in both music and social interactions in the general population, and suggest music as a promising avenue for addressing social communication difficulties in WS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam D Lense
- Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, AtlantaGA, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, NashvilleTN, USA; Program for Music, Mind and Society, Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, NashvilleTN, USA
| | - Elisabeth M Dykens
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville TN, USA
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Martínez-Castilla P, Rodríguez M, Campos R. Developmental trajectories of pitch-related music skills in children with Williams syndrome. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2016; 51-52:23-39. [PMID: 26773694 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The study of music cognition in Williams syndrome (WS) has resulted in theoretical debates regarding cognitive modularity and development. However, no research has previously investigated the development of music skills in this population. In this study, we used the cross-sectional developmental trajectories approach to assess the development of pitch-related music skills in children with WS compared with typically developing (TD) peers. Thus, we evaluated the role of change over time on pitch-related music skills and the developmental relationships between music skills and different cognitive areas. In the TD children, the pitch-related music skills improved with chronological age and cognitive development. In the children with WS, developmental relationships were only found between several pitch-related music skills and specific cognitive processes. We also found non-systematic relationships between chronological age and the pitch-related music skills, stabilization in the level reached in music when cognitive development was considered, and uneven associations between cognitive and music skills. In addition, the TD and WS groups differed in their patterns of pitch-related music skill development. These results suggest that the development of pitch-related music skills in children with WS is atypical. Our findings stand in contrast with the views that claim innate modularity for music in WS; rather, they are consistent with neuroconstructivist accounts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pastora Martínez-Castilla
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Manuel Rodríguez
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ruth Campos
- Department of Basic Psychology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.
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Lumaka A, Lukoo R, Mubungu G, Lumbala P, Mbayabo G, Mupuala A, Tshilobo PL, Devriendt K. Williams-Beuren syndrome: pitfalls for diagnosis in limited resources setting. Clin Case Rep 2016; 4:294-7. [PMID: 27014455 PMCID: PMC4771852 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with Williams–Beuren Syndrome can be recognized clinically, given the characteristic dysmorphism, intellectual disability, and behavior. We report on a Congolese boy with typical WBS facial characteristics. He suffered meningitis and coma at the age of 2 years then subsequently presented with profound intellectual disability and atypical behavior. The WBS was only made at age 8.2 years and confirmed with FISH testing and microarray‐CGH. The present report aims to warn clinicians that infections may associate and/or modify a genetic disease as this may be observed in developing countries given the prevalence of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimé Lumaka
- Center for Human Genetics University Hospitals Leuven Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Leuven Belgium; Center for Human Genetics Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo; Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo; Institut National de Recherche Biomedical Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Rita Lukoo
- Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Gerrye Mubungu
- Center for Human Genetics University Hospitals Leuven Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Leuven Belgium; Center for Human Genetics Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo; Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo; Institut National de Recherche Biomedical Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Paul Lumbala
- Center for Human Genetics Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo; Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Gloire Mbayabo
- Center for Human Genetics Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo; Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Aimée Mupuala
- Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Prosper Lukusa Tshilobo
- Center for Human Genetics University Hospitals Leuven Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Leuven Belgium; Center for Human Genetics Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo; Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo; Institut National de Recherche Biomedical Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Koenraad Devriendt
- Center for Human Genetics University Hospitals Leuven Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Leuven Belgium
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Gingras B, Honing H, Peretz I, Trainor LJ, Fisher SE. Defining the biological bases of individual differences in musicality. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2016; 370:20140092. [PMID: 25646515 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2014.0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in molecular technologies make it possible to pinpoint genomic factors associated with complex human traits. For cognition and behaviour, identification of underlying genes provides new entry points for deciphering the key neurobiological pathways. In the past decade, the search for genetic correlates of musicality has gained traction. Reports have documented familial clustering for different extremes of ability, including amusia and absolute pitch (AP), with twin studies demonstrating high heritability for some music-related skills, such as pitch perception. Certain chromosomal regions have been linked to AP and musical aptitude, while individual candidate genes have been investigated in relation to aptitude and creativity. Most recently, researchers in this field started performing genome-wide association scans. Thus far, studies have been hampered by relatively small sample sizes and limitations in defining components of musicality, including an emphasis on skills that can only be assessed in trained musicians. With opportunities to administer standardized aptitude tests online, systematic large-scale assessment of musical abilities is now feasible, an important step towards high-powered genome-wide screens. Here, we offer a synthesis of existing literatures and outline concrete suggestions for the development of comprehensive operational tools for the analysis of musical phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Gingras
- Department of Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Henkjan Honing
- Amsterdam Brain and Cognition (ABC), Institute of Logic, Language and Computation (ILLC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Isabelle Peretz
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research, Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Laurel J Trainor
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Simon E Fisher
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Clark CN, Downey LE, Warren JD. Brain disorders and the biological role of music. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2015; 10:444-52. [PMID: 24847111 PMCID: PMC4350491 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsu079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite its evident universality and high social value, the ultimate biological role of music and its connection to brain disorders remain poorly understood. Recent findings from basic neuroscience have shed fresh light on these old problems. New insights provided by clinical neuroscience concerning the effects of brain disorders promise to be particularly valuable in uncovering the underlying cognitive and neural architecture of music and for assessing candidate accounts of the biological role of music. Here we advance a new model of the biological role of music in human evolution and the link to brain disorders, drawing on diverse lines of evidence derived from comparative ethology, cognitive neuropsychology and neuroimaging studies in the normal and the disordered brain. We propose that music evolved from the call signals of our hominid ancestors as a means mentally to rehearse and predict potentially costly, affectively laden social routines in surrogate, coded, low-cost form: essentially, a mechanism for transforming emotional mental states efficiently and adaptively into social signals. This biological role of music has its legacy today in the disordered processing of music and mental states that characterizes certain developmental and acquired clinical syndromes of brain network disintegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla N Clark
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Laura E Downey
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Jason D Warren
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
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