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Wang Y, Zhao D, Zhang W, Wang S, Huang K, Guo B. Biotransformation of Deoxynivalenol by a Dual-Member Bacterial Consortium Isolated from Tenebrio molitor Larval Feces. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:492. [PMID: 37624249 PMCID: PMC10467086 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15080492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, a dual-member bacterial consortium with the ability to oxidize deoxynivalenol (DON) to 3-keto-DON, designated SD, was first screened from the feces of Tenebrio molitor larvae. This consortium consisted of Pseudomonas sp. SD17-1 and Devosia sp. SD17-2, as determined by 16S rRNA-based phylogenetic analysis. A temperature of 30 °C, a pH of 8.0-9.0, and an initial inoculum concentration ratio of Devosia to Pseudomonas of 0.1 were optimal single-factor parameters for the DON oxidation activity of the bacterial consortium SD. Genome-based bioinformatics analysis revealed the presence of an intact PQQ biosynthesis operon (pqqFABCDEG) and four putative pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) genes in the genomes of Pseudomonas strain SD17-1 and Devosia strain SD17-2, respectively. Biochemical analyses further confirmed the PQQ-producing phenotype of Pseudomonas and the DON-oxidizing enzymatic activities of two of four PQQ-dependent ADHs in Devosia. The addition of PQQ-containing a cell-free fermentation supernatant from Pseudomonas activated DON-oxidizing activity of Devosia. In summary, as members of the bacterial consortium SD, Pseudomonas and Devosia play indispensable and complementary roles in SD's oxidation of DON. Specifically, Pseudomonas is responsible for producing the necessary PQQ cofactor, whereas Devosia expresses the PQQ-dependent DON dehydrogenase, together facilitating the oxidation of DON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Institute of Grain and Oil Quality and Safety, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, No.11 Baiwanzhuang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China; (Y.W.)
| | - Donglei Zhao
- Institute of Grain and Oil Quality and Safety, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, No.11 Baiwanzhuang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China; (Y.W.)
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Grain and Oil Quality and Safety, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, No.11 Baiwanzhuang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China; (Y.W.)
| | - Songxue Wang
- Institute of Grain and Oil Quality and Safety, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, No.11 Baiwanzhuang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China; (Y.W.)
| | - Kai Huang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Baoyuan Guo
- Institute of Grain and Oil Quality and Safety, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, No.11 Baiwanzhuang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China; (Y.W.)
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
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Comparison of Synthetic Methods and Identification of Several Artificial Antigens of Deoxynivalenol. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062789. [PMID: 36985761 PMCID: PMC10055668 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this experiment was to study the design and modification of hapten molecules and artificial antigen molecules of deoxynivalenol (DON), and to compare the preparation and identification methods of four artificial antigens. According to the characteristics of the molecular structure of DON, four artificial antigen coupling methods were designed—namely, N,N′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI), 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), isobutyl chloroformate (IBCF), and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)—to prepare artificial antigens and detection antigens. Through ultraviolet (UV), infrared (IR), and SDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE), along with other physical and chemical identification methods and animal immunisation, the best artificial antigen coupling method was screened. The results showed that the CDI method achieved the best effect among the synthesis methods. The titre of anti-DON polyclonal antibody (pAb) produced by animal immunisation reached 1: (6.4 × 103). The half inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 47.75 ng/mL, the cross-reaction rate with 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-AcDON) was slightly higher at 35.3%, and there was no cross-reaction with other compounds; therefore, four artificial antigens were successfully prepared by using the molecular structure of DON. Through identification, the CDI method was screened as the best artificial antigen synthesis method, with the highest DON pAb titre, the best sensitivity, and the strongest specificity. This will lay a solid antigenic foundation for the preparation of better anti-DON monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in the future.
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Li F, Duan X, Zhang L, Jiang D, Zhao X, Meng E, Yi R, Liu C, Li Y, Wang JS, Zhao X, Li W, Zhou J. Mycotoxin surveillance on wheats in Shandong province, China, reveals non-negligible probabilistic health risk of chronic gastrointestinal diseases posed by deoxynivalenol. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:71826-71839. [PMID: 35604603 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20812-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal climate changes have resulted in over-precipitation in many regions. The occurrence and contamination levels of mycotoxins in crops and cereals have been elevated largely. From 2017 to 2019, we did investigation targeting 15 mycotoxins shown in the wheat samples collected from Shandong, a region suffering over-precipitation in China. We found that deoxynivalenol (DON) was the dominant mycotoxin contaminating wheats, with detection rates 304/340 in 2017 (89.41%), 303/330 in 2018 (91.82%), and 303/340 in 2019 (89.12%). The ranges of DON levels were < 4 to 580 μg/kg in 2017, < 4 to 3070 μg/kg in 2018, and < 4 to 1540 μg/kg in 2019. The exposure levels were highly correlated with local precipitation. Male exposure levels were generally higher than female's, with significant difference found in 2017 (1.89-fold, p = 0.023). Rural exposure levels were higher than that of cities but not statistically significant (1.41-fold, p = 0.13). Estimated daily intake (EDI) and margin of exposure (MoE) approaches revealed that 8 prefecture cities have probabilistically extra adverse health effects (vomiting or diarrhea) cases > 100 patients in 100,000 residents attributable to DON exposure. As a prominent wheat-growing area, Dezhou city reached ~ 300/100,000 extra cases while being considered as a major regional contributor to DON contamination. Our study suggests that more effort should be given to the prevention and control of DON contamination in major wheat-growing areas, particularly during heavy precipitation year. The mechanistic association between DON and chronic intestinal disorder/diseases should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Li
- Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, China
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Xinglan Duan
- School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Liwen Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Dafeng Jiang
- Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, China
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Xianqi Zhao
- School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - En Meng
- School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Ran Yi
- School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yirui Li
- School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jia-Sheng Wang
- Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program and Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Xiulan Zhao
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Wei Li
- Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, China
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
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Gagiu V, Mateescu E, Belc N, Oprea OA, Pîrvu GP. Assessment of Fusarium-Damaged Kernels in Common Wheat in Romania in the Years 2015 and 2016 with Extreme Weather Events. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:326. [PMID: 35622573 PMCID: PMC9145446 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14050326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This article assesses the occurrence of Fusarium-damaged kernels (FDKs) in common wheat (Triticum aestivum) under the influence of environmental factors and extreme weather events in Romania (exceptionally high air temperatures and extreme pedological drought produced by a dipole block in summer 2015, and extreme precipitation and floods produced by an omega block in spring 2016). Wheat samples (N = 272) were analyzed for FDKs via visual estimation and manual weighing according to ISO 7970 and are statistically evaluated using SPSS. The dipole block in 2015 reduced the effects of environmental factors to non-significant correlations with FDKs, while the omega block in 2016 was non-significantly to very significantly correlated with FDKs in the northwestern and western regions. The occurrence of FDKs was favored for wheat cultivation in acidic soils and inhibited in alkaline soils. Wheat samples with FDKs ≥ 1% were sampled from crops grown in river meadows with high and very high risks of flooding. Knowing the contaminants' geographical and spatial distributions under the influence of regular and extreme weather events is important for establishing measures to mitigate the effects of climate change and to ensure human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Gagiu
- National Research & Development Institute for Food Bioresources—IBA Bucharest, 020323 Bucharest, Romania; (N.B.); (G.-P.P.)
| | - Elena Mateescu
- National Meteorological Administration (METEO—Romania), 013686 Bucharest, Romania; (E.M.); (O.-A.O.)
| | - Nastasia Belc
- National Research & Development Institute for Food Bioresources—IBA Bucharest, 020323 Bucharest, Romania; (N.B.); (G.-P.P.)
| | - Oana-Alexandra Oprea
- National Meteorological Administration (METEO—Romania), 013686 Bucharest, Romania; (E.M.); (O.-A.O.)
| | - Gina-Pușa Pîrvu
- National Research & Development Institute for Food Bioresources—IBA Bucharest, 020323 Bucharest, Romania; (N.B.); (G.-P.P.)
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Gagiu V, Mateescu E, Dobre AA, Smeu I, Cucu ME, Oprea OA, Alexandru D, Iorga E, Belc N. Deoxynivalenol Occurrence in Triticale Crops in Romania during the 2012-2014 Period with Extreme Weather Events. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13070456. [PMID: 34210066 PMCID: PMC8310060 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13070456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This article aims to evaluate deoxynivalenol occurrence in triticale crops in Romania in years with extreme weather events (2012: Siberian anticyclone with cold waves and heavy snowfall; 2013 and 2014: “Vb” cyclones with heavy precipitation and floods in spring). The deoxynivalenol level in triticale samples (N = 236) was quantified by ELISA. In Romania, the extreme weather events favoured deoxynivalenol occurrence in triticale in Transylvania and the Southern Hilly Area (44–47° N, 22–25° E) with a humid/balanced-humid temperate continental climate, luvisols and high/very high risk of floods. Maximum deoxynivalenol contamination was lower in the other regions, although heavy precipitation in May–July 2014 was higher, with chernozems having higher aridity. Multivariate analysis of the factors influencing deoxynivalenol occurrence in triticale showed at least a significant correlation for all components of variation source (agricultural year, agricultural region, average of deoxynivalenol, average air temperature, cumulative precipitation, soil moisture reserve, aridity indices) (p-value < 0.05). The spatial and geographic distribution of deoxynivalenol in cereals in the countries affected by the 2012–2014 extreme weather events revealed a higher contamination in Central Europe compared to southeastern and eastern Europe. Deoxynivalenol occurrence in cereals was favoured by local and regional agroclimatic factors and was amplified by extreme weather events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Gagiu
- National Research & Development Institute for Food Bioresources—IBA Bucharest, 5 Baneasa Ancuta Street, 2nd District, 020323 Bucharest, Romania; (A.A.D.); (I.S.); (M.E.C.); (E.I.); (N.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Elena Mateescu
- National Meteorological Administration (METEO—Romania), 97 Bucuresti-Ploiesti Street, 1st District, 013686 Bucharest, Romania; (E.M.); (O.A.O.); (D.A.)
| | - Alina Alexandra Dobre
- National Research & Development Institute for Food Bioresources—IBA Bucharest, 5 Baneasa Ancuta Street, 2nd District, 020323 Bucharest, Romania; (A.A.D.); (I.S.); (M.E.C.); (E.I.); (N.B.)
| | - Irina Smeu
- National Research & Development Institute for Food Bioresources—IBA Bucharest, 5 Baneasa Ancuta Street, 2nd District, 020323 Bucharest, Romania; (A.A.D.); (I.S.); (M.E.C.); (E.I.); (N.B.)
| | - Mirela Elena Cucu
- National Research & Development Institute for Food Bioresources—IBA Bucharest, 5 Baneasa Ancuta Street, 2nd District, 020323 Bucharest, Romania; (A.A.D.); (I.S.); (M.E.C.); (E.I.); (N.B.)
| | - Oana Alexandra Oprea
- National Meteorological Administration (METEO—Romania), 97 Bucuresti-Ploiesti Street, 1st District, 013686 Bucharest, Romania; (E.M.); (O.A.O.); (D.A.)
| | - Daniel Alexandru
- National Meteorological Administration (METEO—Romania), 97 Bucuresti-Ploiesti Street, 1st District, 013686 Bucharest, Romania; (E.M.); (O.A.O.); (D.A.)
| | - Enuța Iorga
- National Research & Development Institute for Food Bioresources—IBA Bucharest, 5 Baneasa Ancuta Street, 2nd District, 020323 Bucharest, Romania; (A.A.D.); (I.S.); (M.E.C.); (E.I.); (N.B.)
| | - Nastasia Belc
- National Research & Development Institute for Food Bioresources—IBA Bucharest, 5 Baneasa Ancuta Street, 2nd District, 020323 Bucharest, Romania; (A.A.D.); (I.S.); (M.E.C.); (E.I.); (N.B.)
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Han L, Li Y, Jiang J, Li R, Fan G, Lei Z, Wang H, Wang Z, Zhang W. Preparation and characterisation of monoclonal antibodies against deoxynivalenol. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2020.1763861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yuetao Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jinqing Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Renfeng Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Guoying Fan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhuang Lei
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Haojie Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ziliang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Wenju Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
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Development of a Direct Competitive ELISA Kit for Detecting Deoxynivalenol Contamination in Wheat. Molecules 2019; 25:molecules25010050. [PMID: 31877851 PMCID: PMC6983206 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to develop a self-assembled direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dcELISA) kit for the detection of deoxynivalenol (DON) in food and feed grains. Based on the preparation of anti-DON monoclonal antibodies, we established a standard curve with dcELISA and optimized the detection conditions. The performance of the kit was evaluated by comparison with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The minimum detection limit of DON with the kit was 0.62 ng/mL, the linear range was from 1.0 to 113.24 ng/mL and the half-maximal inhibition concentration (IC50) was 6.61 ng/mL in the working buffer; there was a limit of detection (LOD) of 62 ng/g, and the detection range was from 100 to 11324 ng/g in authentic agricultural samples. We examined four samples of wheat bran, wheat flour, corn flour and corn for DON recovery. The average recovery was in the range of 77.1% to 107.0%, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) ranged from 4.2% to 11.9%. In addition, the kit has the advantages of high specificity, good stability, a long effective life and negligible sample matrix interference. Finally, wheat samples from farms in the six provinces of Henan, Anhui, Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu and Gansu in China were analyzed by the kit. A total of 30 samples were randomly checked (five samples in each province), and the results were in good agreement with the standardized HPLC method. These tests showed that the dcELISA kit had good performance and met relevant technical requirements, and it had the characteristics of accuracy, reliability, convenience and high-throughput screening for DON detection. Therefore, the developed kit is suitable for rapid screening of DON in marketed products.
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Mishra S, Srivastava S, Dewangan J, Divakar A, Kumar Rath S. Global occurrence of deoxynivalenol in food commodities and exposure risk assessment in humans in the last decade: a survey. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:1346-1374. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1571479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Mishra
- Genotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sonal Srivastava
- Genotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jayant Dewangan
- Genotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aman Divakar
- Genotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Srikanta Kumar Rath
- Genotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Zhao Y, Guan X, Zong Y, Hua X, Xing F, Wang Y, Wang F, Liu Y. Deoxynivalenol in wheat from the Northwestern region in China. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2018; 11:281-285. [PMID: 30091682 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2018.1503340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Because of global warming and changes in farming systems, Fusarium head blight has gradually spread towards high-latitude regions such as Northwestern China. A survey was conducted to assess the prevalence and concentration of deoxynivalenol (DON) in wheat harvested during 2013 from the Shaanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, and Xinjiang provinces in China. DON concentration in 181 wheat samples was analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography combined with ultraviolet detection. Of the wheat samples, 82.9% were contaminated with DON, with a mean DON concentration of 500 μg/kg. According to the Chinese standard limits for DON, 10% of the positive samples were above the maximum limit of 1000 μg/kg. Regions with higher humidity showed higher levels of DON in the wheat samples. These results show the necessity of raising awareness of DON contamination in people from Northwestern China to protect their health from the risk of exposure to DON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueju Zhao
- a Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Xuanli Guan
- a Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Ying Zong
- a Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Xiaotong Hua
- a Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Fuguo Xing
- a Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- a Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Fengzhong Wang
- a Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing , P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- a Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing , P. R. China
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Kalagatur NK, Kamasani JR, Siddaiah C, Gupta VK, Krishna K, Mudili V. Combinational Inhibitory Action of Hedychium spicatum L. Essential Oil and γ-Radiation on Growth Rate and Mycotoxins Content of Fusarium graminearum in Maize: Response Surface Methodology. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1511. [PMID: 30108550 PMCID: PMC6079234 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, contamination of agricultural commodities with fungi and their mycotoxins is one of the most annoying with regard to food safety and pose serious health risk. Therefore, there is a requisite to propose suitable mitigation strategies to reduce the contamination of fungi and mycotoxins in agricultural commodities. In the present study, combinational inhibitory effect of Hedychium spicatum L. essential oil (HSEO) and radiation was established on growth rate, production of deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA) by Fusarium graminearum in maize grains. The HSEO was obtained from rhizomes by hydrodistillation technique and chemical composition was revealed by GC-MS analysis. A total of 48 compounds were identified and major compounds were 1,8-cineole (23.15%), linalool (12.82%), and β-pinene (10.06%). The discrete treatments of HSEO and radiation were effective in reducing the fungal growth rate and mycotoxins content, and the complete reduction was noticed at 3.15 mg/g of HSEO and 6 kGy of radiation. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to evaluate the combinational inhibitory effect of HSEO and radiation treatments on fungal growth rate and mycotoxins content. A total of 13 experiments were designed with distinct doses of HSEO and radiation by central composite design (CCD) of Stat-Ease Design-Expert software. In combinational approach, complete reductions of fungal growth, DON, and ZEA content were noticed at 1.89 mg/g of HSEO and 4.12 kGy of radiation treatments. The optimized design concluded that combinational treatments of HSEO and radiation were much more effective in reducing the fungal growth and mycotoxins content compared to their discrete treatments (p < 0.05). Responses of the design were assessed by second-order polynomial regression analysis and found that quadratic model was well fitted. The optimized design has larger F-value and adequate precision, smaller p-value, decent regression coefficients (R2 ) and found statistically significant (p < 0.05). In addition, correlation matrix, normal plot residuals, Box-Cox, and actual vs. predicted plots were endorsed that optimized design was accurate and appropriate. The proposed combinational decontamination technique could be highly applicable in agriculture and food industry to safeguard the food and feed products from fungi and mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen K Kalagatur
- Food Microbiology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysuru, India
| | - Jalarama R Kamasani
- Freeze Drying and Processing Technology Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysuru, India
| | | | - Vijai K Gupta
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
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11
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Park J, Chang H, Kim D, Chung S, Lee C. Long-Term Occurrence of Deoxynivalenol in Feed and Feed Raw Materials with a Special Focus on South Korea. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10030127. [PMID: 29547546 PMCID: PMC5869415 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10030127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The Fusarium fungi produce toxic substances called mycotoxins, which can cause disease and harmful effects in grains, livestock, and humans. Deoxynivalenol (DON), also known as vomitoxin, is one of the Fusarium mycotoxins that is known to cause vomiting in livestock. This study shows the occurrence of deoxynivalenol in feedstuffs (compound feed and feed ingredients) between 2009 and 2016 in South Korea. A total of 653 domestic samples were collected at five time points, including 494 compound feed samples and 159 feed ingredient samples. DON contamination levels were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with pretreatment using an immunoaffinity column (IAC). The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) were estimated at 1–10 µg/kg and 3–35 µg/kg, respectively. Two compound feeds (two gestating sow feed samples) out of 160 pig feed samples exceeded the European Commission (EC) guidance value, while no feed ingredient samples exceeded the EC or South Korean guidance values. There were statistically significant differences in the mean contamination levels of compound feed and feed ingredients that indicated a decreasing trend over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhee Park
- Advanced Food Safety Research Group, BrainKorea21 Plus, Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, 4726, Seodong-daero, Anseong-si 17546, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
| | - Hansub Chang
- National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, 141, Yongjeon-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea.
| | - Dongho Kim
- National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, 141, Yongjeon-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea.
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Soohyun Chung
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Chan Lee
- Advanced Food Safety Research Group, BrainKorea21 Plus, Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, 4726, Seodong-daero, Anseong-si 17546, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
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