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Xu J, Han J, Jin S, Yu B, Li X, Ma X, Sun L, Li C, Zhao L, Ni X. Modulation of mercaptopurine intestinal toxicity and pharmacokinetics by gut microbiota. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116975. [PMID: 38925017 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The interaction between the gut microbiota and mercaptopurine (6-MP), a crucial drug used in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treatment, has not been extensively studied. Here we reveal the significant perturbation of gut microbiota after 2-week 6-MP treatment in beagles and mice followed by the functional prediction that showed impairment of SCFAs production and altered amino acid synthesis. And the targeted metabolomics in plasma also showed changes in amino acids. Additionally, targeted metabolomics analysis of feces showed changes in amino acids and SCFAs. Furthermore, ablating the intestinal microbiota by broad-spectrum antibiotics exacerbated the imbalance of amino acids, particularly leading to a significant decrease in the concentration of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). Importantly, the depletion of gut microbiota worsened the damage of small intestine caused by 6-MP, resulting in increased intestinal permeability. Considering the relationship between toxicity and 6-MP metabolites, we conducted a pharmacokinetic study in pseudo germ-free rats to confirm that gut microbiota depletion altered the methylation metabolites of 6-MP. Specifically, the concentration of MeTINs, a secondary methylation metabolite, showed a negative correlation with SAM, the pivotal methyl donor. Additionally, we observed a strong correlation between Alistipes and SAM levels in both feces and plasma. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that 6-MP disrupts the gut microbiota, and depleting the gut microbiota exacerbates 6-MP-induced intestinal toxicity. Moreover, SAM derived from microbiota plays a crucial role in influencing plasma SAM and the methylation of 6-MP. These findings underscore the importance of comprehending the role of the gut microbiota in 6-MP metabolism and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China; Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiaqi Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Siyao Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Boran Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Xiaona Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiangyu Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China
| | | | | | - Libo Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China; Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Xin Ni
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China.
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2
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Wang Q, Guo F, Zhang Q, Hu T, Jin Y, Yang Y, Ma Y. Organoids in gastrointestinal diseases: from bench to clinic. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e574. [PMID: 38948115 PMCID: PMC11214594 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The etiology of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases is intricate and multifactorial, encompassing complex interactions between genetic predisposition and gut microbiota. The cell fate change, immune function regulation, and microenvironment composition in diseased tissues are governed by microorganisms and mutated genes either independently or through synergistic interactions. A comprehensive understanding of GI disease etiology is imperative for developing precise prevention and treatment strategies. However, the existing models used for studying the microenvironment in GI diseases-whether cancer cell lines or mouse models-exhibit significant limitations, which leads to the prosperity of organoids models. This review first describes the development history of organoids models, followed by a detailed demonstration of organoids application from bench to clinic. As for bench utilization, we present a layer-by-layer elucidation of organoid simulation on host-microbial interactions, as well as the application in molecular mechanism analysis. As for clinical adhibition, we provide a generalized interpretation of organoid application in GI disease simulation from inflammatory disorders to malignancy diseases, as well as in GI disease treatment including drug screening, immunotherapy, and microbial-targeting and screening treatment. This review draws a comprehensive and systematical depiction of organoids models, providing a novel insight into the utilization of organoids models from bench to clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinying Wang
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of Cancer InstituteFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Fanying Guo
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qinyuan Zhang
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - TingTing Hu
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - YuTao Jin
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yongzhi Yang
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yanlei Ma
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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3
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Yang Y, Du H, Pan Y, Gong P, Yang Y, Wu F, Pan D, Xie W, Fu Z, Ni Y. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis LKM512 Alleviates Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Larval Zebrafish by Reshaping Microbiota. Biol Pharm Bull 2023; 46:1706-1713. [PMID: 37778980 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a worldwide issue, and the increased incidence has brought a heavy burden to patients and society. Gut microbiota is involved in the pathogenesis of IBD, and targeting the microbiota, such as probiotics, has emerged as a potential therapy for the treatment of IBD. Here, the effect of Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis LKM512 (LKM512), an anti-aging probiotic, on dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)-induced IBD in larval zebrafish was determined. Supplementation of LKM512 promoted the survival rate of the larvae, together with increased locomotor activities and body length. In addition, LKM512 treatment enhanced mucus secretion and alleviated intestinal injury, and these results were associated with the upregulation of mucin-related and downregulation of inflammatory markers. Moreover, LKM512 increased the diversity of the microbiota and ameliorated the dysbiosis by increasing the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes and reducing the abundance of Proteobacteria. Specifically, the abundance of beneficial bacteria, including the short-chain fatty-acids (SCFAs)-producing genera Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Muribaculaceae, and Alloprevotella, was increased by LKM512, while the abundance of harmful genera, such as Pseudomonas, Halomonas, and Escherichia-Shigella, was reduced by LKM512. Consistent with these findings, the microbial functions related to metabolism were partly reversed by LKM512, and importantly, fermentation of short-chain fatty acids-related functions were enhanced by LKM512. Therefore, LKM512 might be one potential probiotic for the prevention and treatment of IBD, and further studies that clarify the mechanism of LKM512 would promote the application of LKM512.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuru Yang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology
| | - Haimei Du
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology
| | - Yuxiang Pan
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology
| | - Ping Gong
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology
| | - Fan Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology
| | - Dixin Pan
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology
| | - Weihao Xie
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology
| | - Yinhua Ni
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology
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4
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Ji J, Jin W, Liu S, Jiao Z, Li X. Probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in health and disease. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e420. [PMID: 37929014 PMCID: PMC10625129 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota and its homeostasis play a crucial role in human health. However, for some diseases related to the gut microbiota, current traditional medicines can only relieve symptoms, and it is difficult to solve the root causes or even cause side effects like disturbances in the gut microbiota. Increasing clinical studies and evidences have demonstrated that probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics can prevent and treat various diseases, but currently they can only be used as dietary supplements rather than medicines, which restricts the application of probiotics in the field of medicine. Here, this review analyzes the importance of gut microbiota in human health and the current problems of traditional medicines, and systematically summarizes the effectiveness and mechanisms of probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in maintaining health and treating diseases based on animal models and clinical trials. And based on current research outcomes and development trends in this field, the challenges and prospects of their clinical application in maintaining health, alleviating and treating diseases are analyzed. It is hoped to promote the application of probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in disease treatment and open up new frontiers in probiotic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress AdaptationsSchool of Life SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Weilin Jin
- Institute of Cancer NeuroscienceMedical Frontier Innovation Research CenterThe First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityThe First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Shuang‐Jiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial ResourcesInstitute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zuoyi Jiao
- Cuiying Biomedical Research CenterThe Second Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Xiangkai Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress AdaptationsSchool of Life SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
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5
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Livzan MA, Gaus OV. Modulation of microbiota as a target in the management of patients with irritable bowel syndrome. MEDITSINSKIY SOVET = MEDICAL COUNCIL 2023:18-26. [DOI: 10.21518/ms2023-366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common diseases of the digestive tract. IBS negatively affects the quality of life and work ability of patients. It is generally accepted that IBS is an important medical and social problem associated with high financial costs both on the part of the patient and the public health system. The pathophysiology of the disease involves the participation of many factors (genetic, dietary, psychosocial, infectious) and the mechanisms of their implementation, including disruption of interaction along the functional “gut-brain axis”, visceral hypersensitivity, changes in motility, low-grade inflammation, increased permeability of the epithelial intestinal barrier, modulation of microbiota, changes in neurohumoral regulation and processes of central processing of peripheral stimuli. Research shows an important role for gut microbiota in the development of IBS. Modulation of the intestinal microbiota through diet, the use of pre- and probiotics or fecal microbiota transplantation is considered as a promising target for disease therapy. A reduction in the number of bacteria of the genus Bifidobacterium is described as a universal change in the microbiota in IBS, regardless of the clinical course and severity of the disease and the possibility of using different strains of Bifidobacterium in treatment regimens for the disease is of particular interest. This article provides a review of the literature on modern approaches to prescribing probiotics for IBS. Using our own clinical observations as an example, we demonstrated the effectiveness and safety of prolonged administration of the probiotic strain Bifidobacterium longum 35624® for up to 12 weeks.
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Wen C, Li T, Wang B, Jin C, Li S, Li Y, Li M, Ding K. A pectic polysaccharide isolated from Achyranthes bidentata is metabolized by human gut Bacteroides spp. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125785. [PMID: 37451376 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Achyranthes bidentata (A. bidentata) is a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TGM) for treatment osteoporosis. Polysaccharides, a major factor for shaping the gut microbiota, are the primary ingredients of A. bidentata. However, bioactivity of A. bidentata polysaccharide on human gut microbiota (HGM) remains unknown. Here, a homogeneous pectic polysaccharide A23-1 with average molecular weight of 93.085 kDa was extracted and purified from A. bidentata. And A23-1 was compsed of rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose and arabinose in a molar ratio of 7.26: 0.76: 5.12: 2.54: 23.51: 60.81. GC-MS, partial acid hydrolysis and NMR results indicated the backbone of A23-1 was composed of 1, 2, 4-Rhap and 1, 4-GlapA, while the branches were composed of galactose, arabinose, glucose and glucuronic acid. Further, A23-1 was found to be degraded into monosaccharides and fragments. Taking Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (BT) as a model, we suggested three polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs) might be involved in the A23-1 degradation. Degraded products generated by BO might not support the growth of probiotics. Besides, acetate and propionate as the main end products were generated by Bacteroides spp. and probiotics utilizing A23-1. These findings suggested A23-1 was possible one of food sources of human gut Bacteroides spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 201 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, PR China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tingting Li
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 201 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, PR China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Binqiang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 201 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, PR China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Can Jin
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Saijuan Li
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yun Li
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Meixia Li
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Kan Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 201 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, PR China; Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China; Henan Polysaccharide Research Center, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China.
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Zhao Y, Zou DW. Gut microbiota and irritable bowel syndrome. J Dig Dis 2023; 24:312-320. [PMID: 37458142 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.13204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder that poses a significant health concern. Although its etiology remains unknown, there is growing evidence that gut dysbiosis is involved in the development and exacerbation of IBS. Previous studies have reported altered microbial diversity, abundance, and composition in IBS patients when compared to controls. However, whether dysbiosis or aberrant changes in the intestinal microbiota can be used as a hallmark of IBS remains inconclusive. We reviewed the literatures on changes in and roles of intestinal microbiota in relation to IBS and discussed various gut microbiota manipulation strategies. Gut microbiota may affect IBS development by regulating the mucosal immune system, brain-gut-microbiome interaction, and intestinal barrier function. The advent of high-throughput multi-omics provides important insights into the pathogenesis of IBS and promotes the development of individualized treatment for IBS. Despite advances in currently available microbiota-directed therapies, large-scale, well-organized, and long-term randomized controlled trials are highly warranted to assess their clinical effects. Overall, gut microbiota alterations play a critical role in the pathophysiology of IBS, and modulation of microbiota has a significant therapeutic potential that requires to be further verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Duo Wu Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Zhang FL, Chen XW, Wang YF, Hu Z, Zhang WJ, Zhou BW, Ci PF, Liu KX. Microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolites indole-3-lactic acid is associated with intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury via positive regulation of YAP and Nrf2. J Transl Med 2023; 21:264. [PMID: 37072757 PMCID: PMC10111656 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04109-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactobacillus has been demonstrated to serve a protective role in intestinal injury. However, the relationship between Lactobacillus murinus (L. murinus)-derived tryptophan metabolites and intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury yet to be investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the role of L. murinus-derived tryptophan metabolites in intestinal I/R injury and the underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS Liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry analysis was used to measure the fecal content of tryptophan metabolites in mice undergoing intestinal I/R injury and in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery. Immunofluorescence, quantitative RT-PCR, Western blot, and ELISA were performed to explore the inflammation protective mechanism of tryptophan metabolites in WT and Nrf2-deficient mice undergoing intestinal I/R, hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) induced intestinal organoids. RESULTS By comparing the fecal contents of three L. murinus-derived tryptophan metabolites in mice undergoing intestinal I/R injury and in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery. We found that the high abundance of indole-3-lactic acid (ILA) in the preoperative feces was associated with better postoperative intestinal function, as evidenced by the correlation of fecal metabolites with postoperative gastrointestinal function, serum I-FABP and D-Lactate levels. Furthermore, ILA administration improved epithelial cell damage, accelerated the proliferation of intestinal stem cells, and alleviated the oxidative stress of epithelial cells. Mechanistically, ILA improved the expression of Yes Associated Protein (YAP) and Nuclear Factor erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) after intestinal I/R. The YAP inhibitor verteporfin (VP) reversed the anti-inflammatory effect of ILA, both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, we found that ILA failed to protect epithelial cells from oxidative stress in Nrf2 knockout mice under I/R injury. CONCLUSIONS The content of tryptophan metabolite ILA in the preoperative feces of patients is negatively correlated with intestinal function damage under CPB surgery. Administration of ILA alleviates intestinal I/R injury via the regulation of YAP and Nrf2. This study revealed a novel therapeutic metabolite and promising candidate targets for intestinal I/R injury treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Ling Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Ave N, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Ave N, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518053, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Ave N, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Ave N, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wen-Juan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Ave N, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Bo-Wei Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Ave N, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Peng-Fei Ci
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Ave N, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ke-Xuan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Ave N, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Chamniansawat S, Suksridechacin N, Thongon N. Current opinion on the regulation of small intestinal magnesium absorption. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:332-342. [PMID: 36687126 PMCID: PMC9846944 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i2.332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg2+) has an important role in numerous biological functions, and Mg2+ deficiency is associated with several diseases. Therefore, adequate intestinal absorption of Mg2+ is vital for health. The small intestine was previously thought to absorb digested Mg2+ exclusively through an unregulated paracellular mechanism, which is responsible for approximately 90% of total Mg2+ absorption. Recent studies, however, have revealed that the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum absorb Mg2+ through both transcellular and paracellular routes. Several regulatory factors of small intestinal Mg2+ uptake also have been explored, e.g., parathyroid hormone, fibroblast growth factor-23, apical acidity, proton pump inhibitor, and pH-sensing channel and receptors. The mechanistic factors underlying proton pump inhibitor suppression of small intestinal Mg2+, such as magnesiotropic protein dysfunction, higher mucosal bicarbonate secretion, Paneth cell dysfunction, and intestinal inflammation, are currently being explored. The potential role of small intestinal microbiomes in Mg2+ absorption has also been proposed. In this article, we reviewed the current knowledge on the mechanisms and regulatory factors of small intestinal Mg2+ absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriporn Chamniansawat
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Muang 20131, Chonburi, Thailand
| | - Nasisorn Suksridechacin
- Biodiversity Research Centre, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Khlong Luang 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Narongrit Thongon
- Division of Physiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Muang 20131, Chonburi, Thailand
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Luo M, Liu Q, Xiao L, Xiong LS. Golden bifid might improve diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome via microbiota modulation. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION AND NUTRITION 2022; 41:21. [PMID: 35578355 PMCID: PMC9109320 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-022-00302-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Gut microbiota might play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and probiotics supplement may be an effective treatment option. This study aims to explore the therapeutic effects of Golden bifid on the diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D). Methods Twenty-one consecutive IBS-D patients were recruited based on Rome IV criteria. All patients took 2000 mg Golden bifid triple daily for 4 weeks. Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, psychological symptoms, small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and fecal microbiota characteristics were evaluated in IBS-D patients before and after treatment. Results After 4-week treatment of Golden bifid, the GI symptoms such as abdominal pain (2.90 ± 1.04 vs. 1.90 ± 1.26, P = 0.002), abdominal distension (2.00 ± 1.34 vs. 1.29 ± 1.31, P = 0.007), diarrhea (3.24 ± 1.37 vs. 1.81 ± 1.21, P = 0.001), defecatory urgency (3.48 ± 1.03 vs. 2.33 ± 1.35, P = 0.000) and incomplete evacuation (2.71 ± 1.15 vs. 1.76 ± 1.26, P = 0.003) were significantly alleviated in IBS-D patients. The Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) decreased significantly (46.19 ± 11.36 vs. 43.33 ± 9.65, P = 0.041), and SIBO could be eradicated in 25% (4/16) of IBS-D patients with SIBO. Meanwhile, the abundance of Unclassified Lachnospiraceae and Dorea in genus level and Unclassified Lachnospiraceae, Bacterium Dorea, Bacterium Butyricicoccus and Dorea formicigenerans ATCC 27755 in species level were increased in fecal microbiota (P < 0.05). Conclusions Golden bifid could improve most of GI symptoms and depressive symptoms in IBS-D patients and eradicate a small proportion of SIBO in those IBS-D patients with SIBO. What's more, Golden bifid could also modulate the fecal microbiota in IBS-D patients, which implied that the Golden bifid might improve IBS-D via microbiota modulation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41043-022-00302-0.
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Cui S, Zhou W, Tang X, Zhang Q, Yang B, Zhao J, Mao B, Zhang H. The Effect of Proline on the Freeze-Drying Survival Rate of Bifidobacterium longum CCFM 1029 and Its Inherent Mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13500. [PMID: 36362285 PMCID: PMC9653706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Amino acids, which are important compatible solutes, play a significant role in probiotic lyophilization. However, studies on the functions of Bifidobacterium during freeze-drying are limited. Therefore, in this study, we compared the freeze-drying survival rate of Bifidobacterium longum CCFM 1029 cultivated in different media containing different kinds of compatible solutes. We found that the addition of 21 g/L proline to the culture media substantially improved the freeze-drying survival rate of B. longum CCFM 1029 from 18.61 ± 0.42% to 38.74 ± 1.58%. Interestingly, this change has only been observed when the osmotic pressure of the external culture environment is increased. Under these conditions, we found that proline accumulation in this strain increased significantly. This change also helped the strain to maintain its membrane integrity and the activity of some key enzymes during freeze-drying. Overall, these results show that the addition of proline can help the strain resist a tough environment during lyophilization. The findings of this study provide preliminary data for producers of probiotics who wish to achieve higher freeze-drying survival rates during industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wenrui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qiuxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Bingyong Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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12
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Abstract
We demonstrate that AP patients and experimental AP mice exhibited a dysfunction of Paneth cells. Our
in vivo
research showed that the severity of AP was exacerbated by the long-term dysfunction of Paneth cells, which was associated with gut microbiota disorder.
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13
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Wu H, Zhan K, Rao K, Zheng H, Qin S, Tang X, Huang S. Comparison of five diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) rat models in the brain-gut-microbiota axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112811. [PMID: 35303570 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain-gut-microbiota (BGM) axis is known to be essential for diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). In order to evaluate the effects of IBS-D rat models (the central sensitization model, the peripheral sensitization model and the compound model) on the BGM axis, five models were induced in Wistar rats with 4% acetic acid (AD, dissolved 0.4 ml of AD in 9.6 ml of ultrapure water) + wrap restrain stress (WRS), 4% AD, colorectal distention (CRD), WRS, and neonatal maternal separation (NMS). Abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) scale scores and the moisture content of feces (MCF) were evaluated on the day of completing modeling. Body weight was measured every 7 days during modeling. Brain gut peptides, cytokine levels, the activity of spinal cord neurons, intestinal mucosal barrier function, and gut microbiota were determined after induction of IBS-D. We found intervention with 4% AD + WRS, 4% AD, CRD, WRS, and NMS induced a similar course of effects on the BGM axis. Among the five models, AWR scores (60 mmHg, 80 mmHg) were all increased. The levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine, corticotropin-releasing factor, substance P, and calcitonin gene-related protein in serum rapidly increased, whereas that of neuropeptide Y decreased. C-fos in the spinal cord showed increased neuronal activity. The intestinal permeability was increased and the composition and structure of gut microbiota were changed. In conclusion, the five models could cause changes in BGM axis, but the 4% AD + WRS model was closer to the changes BGM axis of post-inflammatory models of IBS-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haomeng Wu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China; Collaborative Innovation Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Kai Zhan
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Kehan Rao
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Huan Zheng
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China; Collaborative Innovation Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Shumin Qin
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China; Collaborative Innovation Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xudong Tang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China.
| | - Shaogang Huang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China; Collaborative Innovation Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases, Guangzhou 510120, China; Dongguan Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan 523000, China.
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14
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Zhang S, Tun HM, Zhang D, Chau HT, Huang FY, Kwok H, Wong DKH, Mak LY, Yuen MF, Seto WK. Alleviation of Hepatic Steatosis: Dithizone-Related Gut Microbiome Restoration During Paneth Cell Dysfunction. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:813783. [PMID: 35283810 PMCID: PMC8914291 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.813783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the world’s most common chronic liver disease, is increasingly linked to gut dysbiosis. Paneth cells secrete antimicrobial peptides that regulate the gut microbiome, but their role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD remains unclear. Here, we determine the changes in NAFLD development and gut microbial composition and function via the injection of dithizone that can pharmacologically deplete the granules of Paneth cells. Eight-week-old C57BL/6J male mice (n = 31) were given a high-fat diet (HFD) or standard control diet for 12 weeks. Dithizone (10 mg/kg) was intravenously injected every 3 weeks during the period of diet feeding. Metagenomic DNA was extracted from fecal samples for PacBio Single-Molecule Real-Time sequencing to identify changes in microbial composition and predicted function. We observed dithizone-treated HFD mice, when compared to non-treated HFD mice, to have significant reductions in hepatic triglyceride content (28.98 vs. 53.52 mg/g, p = 0.0419); plasma insulin level (2.18 vs. 6.63 ng/ml, p = 0.0079); and relative mRNA levels of fatty acid synthase (0.52 vs. 1.57, p = 0.0428) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (0.43 vs. 1.20, p = 0.0121). Bacterial taxonomic profiling found dithizone-treated HFD mice, when compared to non-treated HFD mice, had a lower Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (2.53 vs. 5.26, p = 0.0541); a higher relative abundance of Bacteroides ASV21 and ASV42 (1.04 vs. 0.22%, p = 0.0277 and 0.96 vs. 0.09%, p = 0.0213); and a reduction in microbes belonging to Firmicutes (all p < 0.05). Bacteroides species correlated positively with predicted microbial functions such as L-methionine (r = 0.54, p = 0.0019) and tetrahydrofolate (r = 0.52, p = 0.0029) biosynthesis. Collectively, dithizone treatment was associated with alleviation in the severity of liver steatosis in HFD mice, possibly through gut microbiome modulation involving the increase in Bacteroides, suggesting microbiome-targeted therapies may have a role in the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saisai Zhang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hein M. Tun
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dengwei Zhang
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hau-Tak Chau
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fung-Yu Huang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hin Kwok
- Centre for PanorOmic Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Danny Ka-Ho Wong
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lung-Yi Mak
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Man-Fung Yuen
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Man-Fung Yuen,
| | - Wai-Kay Seto
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Wai-Kay Seto,
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15
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Du M, Xie X, Yang S, Li Y, Jiang T, Yang J, Li L, Huang Y, Wu Q, Chen W, Zhang J. Lysozyme-like Protein Produced by Bifidobacterium longum Regulates Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Models. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216480. [PMID: 34770899 PMCID: PMC8587964 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular secreted protein of Bifidobacterium longum (B. longum) plays an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of the human intestinal microenvironment. However, the mechanism(s) of interaction remain unclear. Lysozyme is a kind of antibacterial peptide. In this study, the amino acid sequence of a lysozyme-like protein of B. longum based on whole-genome data of an isolate from human gut feces was found. We further predicted functional domains from the amino acid sequence, purified the protein, and verified its bioactivity. The growth of some bacteria were significantly delayed by the 020402_LYZ M1 protein. In addition, the gut microbiota was analyzed via high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and an in vitro fermentation model, and the fluctuations in the gut microbiota under the treatment of 020402_LYZ M1 protein were characterized. The 020402_LYZ M1 protein affected the composition of human gut microbiota significantly, implying that the protein is able to communicate with intestinal microbes as a regulatory factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Du
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (M.D.); (S.Y.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (Y.L.); (T.J.); (J.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.W.)
| | - Xinqiang Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (Y.L.); (T.J.); (J.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.W.)
- Correspondence: (X.X.); (J.Z.)
| | - Shuanghong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (M.D.); (S.Y.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (Y.L.); (T.J.); (J.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.W.)
| | - Ying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (Y.L.); (T.J.); (J.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.W.)
| | - Tong Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (Y.L.); (T.J.); (J.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.W.)
| | - Juan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (Y.L.); (T.J.); (J.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.W.)
| | - Longyan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (Y.L.); (T.J.); (J.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.W.)
| | - Yunxiao Huang
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (Y.L.); (T.J.); (J.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.W.)
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (M.D.); (S.Y.); (W.C.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; (Y.L.); (T.J.); (J.Y.); (L.L.); (Q.W.)
- Correspondence: (X.X.); (J.Z.)
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16
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Xu X, Yang S, Olajide JS, Qu Z, Gong Z, Wang J, Zhang Y, Wang H, Xiong L, Zhang K, Zhou E, Cai J. Clostridium butyricum Supplement Can Ameliorate the Intestinal Barrier Roles in Broiler Chickens Experimentally Infected With Clostridium perfringens. Front Physiol 2021; 12:737481. [PMID: 34630156 PMCID: PMC8499529 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.737481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrotic enteritis (NE), caused by Clostridium perfringens, is an economically important disease in the broiler. Among normal flora in the broiler intestinal region, Clostridium butyricum has been identified as a probiotic agent that reduces the susceptibility of broilers to C. perfringens. However, the effects of C. butyricum supplement on broiler intestinal integrity during NE are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of C. butyricum on the growth performance, intestinal morphology and barrier function, and the functions of immune-related cytokines under NE in broilers. Chickens were divided into five groups: control group (NC), supplement C. butyricum only group (CB), NE-infected group (PC), supplement C. butyricum from Day 14 (NECB1) to Day 22 NE-infected group, and supplement C. butyricum from Day 1 (NECB2) to Day 22 NE-infected group. The results showed that there were significantly decreased average daily weight gain and increased feed conversion rate in the infected group (PC) compared with the C. butyricum-supplemented groups (NECB1 and NECB2) through the diet. Histopathological observation on the Hematoxylin–Eosin staining avian small intestine sections revealed that supplementation of C. butyricum (NECB1 and NECB2) could increase the intestinal villus height/crypt depth and lessen the intestinal damage under NE. ELISA and Limulus test showed that broilers infected with NE (PC) had higher serum IgA and lipopolysaccharide content; however, after C. butyricum supplementation (NECB1 and NECB2), they returned to a normal level. Furthermore, real-time PCR and Western blot results indicated that compared with PC, supplementing C. butyricum (NECB1 and NECB2) could initialize the expressions of genes related to the intestinal barrier-associated molecules (such as CLDN-1, CLDN-3, OCLN, MUC2, ZO-1, and CLDN5), cytokines (such as IL-10, IL-6, and TGFB1), and C. perfringens plc gene expression. Moreover, the results detected by the Ussing chamber suggested that C. butyricum (NECB1 and NECB2) could amend the decrease in conductivity value and short-circuit current value caused by NE. In addition, NECB2 significantly reduced the upregulation of fluorescein isothiocyanate–dextran flux caused by the NE disease. In conclusion, these findings suggest that dietary supplementation of C. butyricum in broilers with NE improved chicken growth performance, intestinal integrity and barrier function, and immunological status. Notably, no statistical difference was observed with the addition of C. butyricum on day 1 or day 14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shunli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Joshua Seun Olajide
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zigang Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhenxing Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yanbing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Heng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ling Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Enmin Zhou
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jianping Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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17
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Lyu L, Zhou X, Zhang M, Liu L, Niu H, Zhang J, Chen S, Gong P, Jiang S, Pan J, Li Y, Han X, Cheng D, Zhang L. Delivery Mode Affects Intestinal Microbial Composition and the Development of Intestinal Epithelial Cells. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:626144. [PMID: 34484131 PMCID: PMC8414977 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.626144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The infant's intestine contains diverse microbiota, which play an important role in an infant's health. Objective This study aimed to analyze the different intestinal microbiota and their function in two delivery modes [vaginal delivery and cesarean section (C-section)] and to investigate the proprieties of bacteria associated with vaginal delivery on the development of intestinal epithelial cells in rat pups. Materials and Methods We evaluated the intestinal microbial diversity of the stool samples of 51 infants of subjects who underwent vaginal delivery and C-section by sequencing the V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene and predicted the function of the microbiotas. The infant stool microbiota in the vaginal delivery group was associated with the digestive system and cell growth and death, whereas that of the C-section group was associated with membrane transport. Then, we isolated the strains based on function prediction. Results A total of 95 strains were isolated in the vaginal delivery group. Bifidobacterium bifidum FL-228.1 (FL-228.1) was screened and selected owing to its good surface hydrophobicity, bacterial survivability in the simulated gastrointestinal condition and adhesion ability to the IEC-6 cell line as well as owing to the development of intestinal epithelial cells. Furthermore, in vivo experiments revealed that FL-228.1 exhibited favorable effects on the development of intestinal epithelial cells in rat pups. Conclusion The results of this study indicate an apparent difference in the bacterial composition of the stool samples collected from infants of the two delivery modes. By analyzing and screening the bacteria in infant stool samples, we found that one strain, i.e., B bifidum FL-228.1, exhibited favorable effects on the development of intestinal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linzheng Lyu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | | | - Meng Zhang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Li Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Haiyue Niu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Jiliang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Shiwei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Pimin Gong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | | | - Jiancun Pan
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Xue Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Dayou Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Lanwei Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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18
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Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics in the Irritable Bowel Syndrome Treatment: A Review. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081154. [PMID: 34439821 PMCID: PMC8412098 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome is not a life-threatening disease, yet it significantly affects the quality of life and contributes to economic loss. It is estimated that even up to 45% of the world's population can suffer from the disease. The first attempts to diagnose irritable bowel syndrome were made at the end of the 19th century; however, establishing appropriate diagnostic criteria and treatment methods is still ongoing. To date, little is known about the etiology of irritable bowel syndrome; however, growing attention is drawn to the intestinal microbiota as a factor in the disease development. For this reason, researchers have conducted many studies on therapies that modulate the microbiota, among which probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics are widely studied. To date, most studies have examined probiotics; however, there are also several studies demonstrating the efficacy of prebiotics and synbiotics. The aim of this review was to summarize findings on the usefulness of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.
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19
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Kim MY, Choi SW. Dietary modulation of gut microbiota for the relief of irritable bowel syndrome. Nutr Res Pract 2021; 15:411-430. [PMID: 34349876 PMCID: PMC8313387 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2021.15.4.411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a frequently diagnosed gastrointestinal (GI) disorder characterized by recurrent abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in the stool form or frequency without any structural changes and overt inflammation. It is not a life-threatening condition but causes a considerable level of discomfort and distress. Among the many pathophysiologic factors, such as altered GI motility, visceral hypersensitivity, and low-grade mucosal inflammation, as well as other immunologic, psychologic, and genetic factors, gut microbiota imbalance (dysbiosis), which is frequently found in IBS, has been highlighted as an etiology of IBS. Dysbiosis may affect gut mucosal homeostasis, immune function, metabolic regulation, and even visceral motor function. As diet is shown to play a fundamental role in the gut microbiota profile, this review discusses the influence of diet on IBS occurring through the modulation of gut microbiota. Based on previous studies, it appears that dietary modulation of the gut microbiota may be effective for the alleviation of IBS symptoms and, also an effective IBS management strategy based on the underlying mechanism; especially because, IBS currently has no specific treatment owing to its uncertain etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Young Kim
- Chaum Life Center, CHA University, Seoul 06062, Korea
- Digestive Disease Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13497, Korea
| | - Sang-Woon Choi
- Chaum Life Center, CHA University, Seoul 06062, Korea
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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