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Brustad N, Chawes B. Vitamin D Primary Prevention of Respiratory Infections and Asthma in Early Childhood: Evidence and Mechanisms. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2024; 12:1707-1714. [PMID: 38360214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Respiratory infections are a leading cause of child morbidity worldwide, and asthma is the most common chronic disorder in childhood. Both conditions associate with high socioeconomic costs and are major reasons for medication prescriptions and hospitalizations in children. Vitamin D deficiency has concomitantly increased with asthma prevalence and is hypothesized to play a key role in the development. Current evidence suggests that high prenatal and early childhood vitamin D could be protective against respiratory infections and asthma in some studies where several mechanisms are proposed. However, other studies have reported no effects on these outcomes. Therefore, future large intervention studies on this topic are warranted. Mechanistic studies have shown that vitamin D holds antimicrobial properties by inducing production of several peptides through altered gene expression. Others have shown a complex interplay between asthma risk genotypes, the sphingolipid pathway, and prenatal vitamin D in early childhood asthma. Vitamin D has also been suggested to change both airway immune and microbiota profiles, which are directly related to asthma risk. Finally, systemic low-grade inflammation seems to be regulated by vitamin D exposure. This review presents the current literature of the primary preventive effect of vitamin D on early childhood asthma and respiratory infections. Mechanisms of actions are discussed, and gaps in knowledge are highlighted to facilitate planning of future intervention trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicklas Brustad
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Bo Chawes
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Molani-Gol R, Rafraf M. Maternal vitamin D in pregnancy and infant's gut microbiota: a systematic review. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1248517. [PMID: 37915988 PMCID: PMC10617198 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1248517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An infant's gut microbiome plays a vital role in their health, and various factors can impact their gut microbiota composition. This review aimed to summarize the current knowledge regarding the associations between maternal prenatal supplementation with vitamin D and the composition of infants' gut microbiota. Method A comprehensive systematic search was done on Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases without date restrictions until December 2022 using relevant keywords. All relevant original articles in English were eligible for the present review. Results Eight articles (two mice, three randomized clinical trials, and three cohort studies) were included in this review. The included mice studies reported that maternal prenatal vitamin D supplementation significantly affects the offspring's gut microbiome composition (such as enhancing the abundance of colonic Bacteroides). Moreover, the included cohort studies revealed a significant association between maternal supplementation with vitamin D during pregnancy and the infant's gut microbiome. However, one-third of clinical trials indicated that vitamin D levels in utero could influence the colonization of the microbial community in the infant's gut. Conclusion The findings of this review revealed that maternal vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy was linked to an infant's gut microbiome and could impact their gut microbiota composition. However, more studies are warranted to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghayeh Molani-Gol
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Rafraf
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Liu J, Liu J, Zhang J, Liu C, Qu C, Na L. Vitamin D deficiency in early life regulates gut microbiome composition and leads to impaired glucose tolerance in adult and offspring rats. Food Funct 2023. [PMID: 37285306 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00503h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D has been found to be involved in glucose metabolism in recent years. Its deficiency is very common, especially in children. Whether vitamin D deficiency in early life affects adult diabetes risk is unknown. In this study, a rat model of early life vitamin D deficiency (F1 Early-VDD) was established by depriving it of vitamin D from the 0 to the 8th week. Further, some rats were switched to normal feeding conditions and sacrificed at the 18th week. Other rats were mated randomly to generate offspring rats (F2 Early-VDD), and F2 rats were fed under normal conditions and sacrificed at the 8th week. Serum 25(OH)D3 level decreased in F1 Early-VDD at the 8th week and returned to normal at the 18th week. Serum 25(OH)D3 level in F2 Early-VDD at the 8th week was also lower than that in control rats. Impaired glucose tolerance was observed in F1 Early-VDD at the 8th week and 18th week and also in F2 Early-VDD at the 8th week. The gut microbiota composition in F1 Early-VDD at the 8th week significantly changed. Among the top ten genera with a rich difference, Desulfovibrio, Roseburia, Ruminiclostridium, Lachnoclostridium, A2, GCA-900066575, Peptococcus, Lachnospiraceae_FCS020_ group, and Bilophila increased owing to vitamin D deficiency, whereas Blautia decreased. There were 108 significantly changed metabolites in F1 Early-VDD at the 8th week, of which 63 were enriched in known metabolic pathways. Correlations between gut microbiota and metabolites were analyzed. Blautia was positively related to 2-picolinic acid, whereas Bilophila was negatively related to indoleacetic acid. Moreover, some of the changes in microbiota, metabolites, and enriched metabolic pathways still existed in F1 Early-VDD rats at the 18th week and F2 Early-VDD rats at the 8th week. In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency in early life leads to impaired glucose tolerance in adult and offspring rats. This effect may be partly achieved by regulating gut microbiota and their co-metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- The College of Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Research, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyi Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- College of Public Health, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chunyan Liu
- College of Public Health, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chunbo Qu
- College of Public Health, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lixin Na
- College of Public Health, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Tabassum A, Ali A, Zahedi FD, Ismail NAS. Immunomodulatory Role of Vitamin D on Gut Microbiome in Children. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051441. [PMID: 37239112 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D plays a role in regulating the immune system and can be linked to the alteration of the gut microbiome, which leads to several immunological diseases. This systematic review aims to explore the relationship between Vitamin D and children's gut microbiome, as well as its impact towards the immune system. We have systematically collated relevant studies from different databases concerning changes in the gut microbiome of children from infants to 18 years old associated with Vitamin D and the immunological pathways. The studies utilized 16S rRNA sequencing analysis of fecal matter with or without Vitamin D supplementation and Vitamin D levels. Ten studies were selected for the review, among which eight studies showed significant alterations in the gut microbiome related to Vitamin D supplementation or Vitamin D levels. The taxa of the phylum Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria are the most altered in these studies. The alteration of the taxa alters the Th1 and Th2 pathways and changes the immune response. We will discuss how Vitamin D may contribute to the activation of immune pathways via its effects on intestinal barrier function, microbiome composition, and/or direct effects on immune responses. In conclusion, the studies examined in this review have provided evidence that Vitamin D levels may have an impact on the composition of children's gut microbiomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Tabassum
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Adli Ali
- Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Farah Dayana Zahedi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Noor Akmal Shareela Ismail
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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Aparicio A, Gold DR, Weiss ST, Litonjua AA, Lee-Sarwar K, Liu YY. Association of Vitamin D Level and Maternal Gut Microbiome during Pregnancy: Findings from a Randomized Controlled Trial of Antenatal Vitamin D Supplementation. Nutrients 2023; 15:2059. [PMID: 37432235 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Shifts in the maternal gut microbiome and vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy have been associated, separately, with health problems for both the mother and the child. Yet, they have rarely been studied simultaneously. Here, we analyzed the gut microbiome (from stool samples obtained in late pregnancy) and vitamin D level (from blood samples obtained both in early and late pregnancy) data of pregnant women in the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDAART), a randomized controlled trial of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy, to investigate the association of vitamin D status on the pregnant women's microbiome. To find associations, we ran linear regressions on alpha diversity measures, PERMANOVA tests on beta diversity distances, and used the ANCOM-BC and Maaslin2 algorithms to find differentially abundant taxa. Analyses were deemed significant using a cut-off p-value of 0.05. We found that gut microbiome composition is associated with the vitamin D level in early pregnancy (baseline), the maternal gut microbiome does not show a shift in response to vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy, and that the genus Desulfovibrio is enriched in women without a substantial increase in vitamin D level between the first and the third trimesters of pregnancy. We conclude that increasing the vitamin D level during pregnancy could be protective against the growth of sulfate-reducing bacteria such as Desulfovibrio, which has been associated with chronic intestinal inflammatory disorders. More in-depth investigations are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Aparicio
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Diane R Gold
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Augusto A Litonjua
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Golisano Children's Hospital at University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Kathleen Lee-Sarwar
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yang-Yu Liu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Center for Artificial Intelligence and Modeling, The Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA
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Aparicio A, Gold DR, Weiss ST, Litonjua AA, Lee-Sarwar K, Liu YY. Association of vitamin D level and maternal gut microbiome during pregnancy: Findings from a randomized controlled trial of antenatal vitamin D supplementation. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.04.04.23288136. [PMID: 37066333 PMCID: PMC10104212 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.04.23288136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Shifts in the maternal gut microbiome and vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy have been associated, separately, with health problems for both the mother and the child. Yet, they have rarely been studied simultaneously. Here, we analyzed gut microbiome (from stool samples obtained in late pregnancy) and vitamin D level (from blood samples obtained both in early and late pregnancy) data of pregnant women in the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDAART), a randomized controlled trial of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy, to investigate the association of vitamin D status on the pregnant women’s microbiome. To find associations we ran linear regressions on alpha diversity measures, PERMANOVA tests on beta diversity distances, and used the ANCOM-BS and Maaslin2 algorithms to find differentially abundant taxa. Analyses were deemed significant using a cut-off p-value of 0.05. We found that gut microbiome composition is associated with the vitamin D level in early pregnancy (baseline), the maternal gut microbiome does not show a shift in response to vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy, and that the genus Desulfovibrio is enriched in women without a substantial increase in vitamin D level between the first and the third trimesters of pregnancy. We conclude that increasing the vitamin D level during pregnancy could be protective against the growth of sulfate-reducing bacteria such as Desulfovibrio , which has been associated with chronic intestinal inflammatory disorders. More in-depth investigations are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
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Infant Vitamin D Supplements, Fecal Microbiota and Their Metabolites at 3 Months of Age in the CHILD Study Cohort. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020200. [PMID: 36830570 PMCID: PMC9952978 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Infant vitamin D liquid formulations often contain non-medicinal excipients such as glycerin (ie. glycerol) and 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PD). We examined whether infant vitamin D supplementation is associated with fecal glycerol and 1,2-PD concentrations at 3 months of age and characterized associations between these two molecules, and gut microbiota and their metabolites. Fecal metabolites and microbiota were quantified using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and 16S rRNA sequencing, respectively, in 575 infants from the CHILD Study at 3 months of age. Vitamin D supplement use was determined using questionnaires. Vitamin D supplementation was associated with greater odds of high 1,2-PD (adjusted OR 1.65 95% CI: 1.06, 2.53) and with decreased odds of high fecal glycerol (adjusted OR: 0.62 95% CI: 0.42, 0.90) after adjustment for breastfeeding and other covariates. Our findings were confirmed in linear regression models; vitamin D supplementation was positively associated with fecal 1,2-PD and inversely associated with glycerol (aβ: 0.37, 95% CI 0.03, 0.71 & aβ: -0.23 95% CI -0.44, -0.03, respectively). Fecal 1,2-PD and glycerol concentrations were negatively correlated with each other. Positive correlations between fecal 1,2-PD, Bifidobacteriaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Enterobacteriaceae and acetate levels were observed. Our research demonstrates that infant vitamin D supplement administration may differentially and independently influence infant gut microbiota metabolites.
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Bedard P, Winsor GL, Garlock ES, Azad MB, Becker AB, Mandhane PJ, Moraes TJ, Sears MR, Turvey SE, Subbarao P, Brinkman FSL, Kozyrskyj AL. From Prescription Drugs to Natural Health Products: Medication Use in Canadian Infants. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9101475. [PMID: 36291411 PMCID: PMC9600175 DOI: 10.3390/children9101475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Limited data exist on pharmaceutical product use by infants, although available data suggests higher prevalence of use among children under 12 months of age. We conducted a descriptive study of 3050 infants recruited in the CHILD Cohort Study, a prospective, multicenter, longitudinal cohort following children from pregnancy through childhood. Parents were surveyed for use of prescription and over-the-counter drugs, and natural health products (NHPs, including homeopathic products and vitamins) at 3, 6, and 12 months after delivery. By one year of age, 96.0% of children had taken at least one pharmaceutical product. Among 307 reported products, 32 were given to at least 1% of cohort infants. Vitamin D, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, topical hydrocortisone, amoxicillin, and nystatin were the most common medications and natural health products (NHPs) received, with 8/32 of the most frequently used products being NHPs. Overall, 14.7% of pharmaceutical products administered to children were off-label and 35.8% were NHPs or products without a Drug Identification Number (DIN). The use of over-the-counter medications and NHPs is common and off-label use of drugs is frequent, even in the first year of life. This study highlights the importance of conducting studies on medication use in infants, and of infant medication use monitoring by healthcare providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Bedard
- Department of Pharmacy, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Geoffrey L. Winsor
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Emma S. Garlock
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Meghan B. Azad
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3A 1S1, Canada
- Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Allan B. Becker
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3A 1S1, Canada
| | - Piush J. Mandhane
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Theo J. Moraes
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Malcolm R. Sears
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8P 1H6, Canada
| | - Stuart E. Turvey
- Department of Pediatrics, BC Children’s Hospital and The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 0B3, Canada
| | - Padmaja Subbarao
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Fiona S. L. Brinkman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
- Correspondence: (F.S.L.B.); (A.L.K.)
| | - Anita L. Kozyrskyj
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
- Correspondence: (F.S.L.B.); (A.L.K.)
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Loureiro AV, Barbosa MLL, Morais MLGS, Souza IP, Terceiro LS, Martins CS, Sousa APR, Leitão RFC, Shin JH, Warren CA, Costa DVS, Brito GAC. Host and Clostridioides difficile-Response Modulated by Micronutrients and Glutamine: An Overview. Front Nutr 2022; 9:849301. [PMID: 35795588 PMCID: PMC9251358 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.849301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in intestinal microbiota are integral to development of Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile)—associated nosocomial diarrhea. Certain diets, especially Western diets, increase susceptibility to C. difficile infection (CDI). Here, we discuss recent findings regarding how nutrients modulate response of the host and C. difficile during infection. Calcium has a role in the sporulation and germination process. Selenium is effective in reducing the total amount of C. difficile toxin A (TcdA) and toxin B (TcdB) and in decreasing its cytotoxicity. In addition, selenium phosphate synthetase deficiency reduces C. difficile growth and spore production. On the other hand, iron has a dual role in C. difficile growth. For instance, high intracellular levels can generate reactive hydroxyl radicals, whereas low levels can reduce its growth. In humans, zinc deficiency appears to be related to the recurrence of CDI, in contrast, in the CDI model in mice a diet rich in zinc increased the toxin's activity. Low vitamin D levels contribute to C. difficile colonization, toxin production, and inflammation. Furthermore, glutamine appears to protect intestinal epithelial cells from the deleterious effects of TcdA and TcdB. In conclusion, nutrients play an important role in modulating host and pathogen response. However, further studies are needed to better understand the mechanisms and address some controversies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa V. Loureiro
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Maria L. L. Barbosa
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Maria L. G. S. Morais
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Ismael P. Souza
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Letícia S. Terceiro
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Conceição S. Martins
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Arkila P. R. Sousa
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Renata F. C. Leitão
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Jae H. Shin
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, VA, United States
| | - Cirle A. Warren
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, VA, United States
| | - Deiziane V. S. Costa
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, VA, United States
| | - Gerly A. C. Brito
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Gerly A. C. Brito
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Tsiantas K, Konteles SJ, Kritsi E, Sinanoglou VJ, Tsiaka T, Zoumpoulakis P. Effects of Non-Polar Dietary and Endogenous Lipids on Gut Microbiota Alterations: The Role of Lipidomics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084070. [PMID: 35456888 PMCID: PMC9024800 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in sequencing technologies over the past 15 years have led to a substantially greater appreciation of the importance of the gut microbiome to the health of the host. Recent outcomes indicate that aspects of nutrition, especially lipids (exogenous or endogenous), can influence the gut microbiota composition and consequently, play an important role in the metabolic health of the host. Thus, there is an increasing interest in applying holistic analytical approaches, such as lipidomics, metabolomics, (meta)transcriptomics, (meta)genomics, and (meta)proteomics, to thoroughly study the gut microbiota and any possible interplay with nutritional or endogenous components. This review firstly summarizes the general background regarding the interactions between important non-polar dietary (i.e., sterols, fat-soluble vitamins, and carotenoids) or amphoteric endogenous (i.e., eicosanoids, endocannabinoids-eCBs, and specialized pro-resolving mediators-SPMs) lipids and gut microbiota. In the second stage, through the evaluation of a vast number of dietary clinical interventions, a comprehensive effort is made to highlight the role of the above lipid categories on gut microbiota and vice versa. In addition, the present status of lipidomics in current clinical interventions as well as their strengths and limitations are also presented. Indisputably, dietary lipids and most phytochemicals, such as sterols and carotenoids, can play an important role on the development of medical foods or nutraceuticals, as they exert prebiotic-like effects. On the other hand, endogenous lipids can be considered either prognostic indicators of symbiosis or dysbiosis or even play a role as specialized mediators through dietary interventions, which seem to be regulated by gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Tsiantas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos, 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (K.T.); (S.J.K.); (E.K.); (V.J.S.)
| | - Spyridon J. Konteles
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos, 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (K.T.); (S.J.K.); (E.K.); (V.J.S.)
| | - Eftichia Kritsi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos, 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (K.T.); (S.J.K.); (E.K.); (V.J.S.)
| | - Vassilia J. Sinanoglou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos, 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (K.T.); (S.J.K.); (E.K.); (V.J.S.)
| | - Thalia Tsiaka
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos, 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (K.T.); (S.J.K.); (E.K.); (V.J.S.)
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48, Vas. Constantinou Ave., 11635 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (T.T.); (P.Z.)
| | - Panagiotis Zoumpoulakis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos, 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (K.T.); (S.J.K.); (E.K.); (V.J.S.)
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48, Vas. Constantinou Ave., 11635 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (T.T.); (P.Z.)
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Pham VT, Dold S, Rehman A, Bird JK, Steinert RE. Vitamins, the gut microbiome and gastrointestinal health in humans. Nutr Res 2021; 95:35-53. [PMID: 34798467 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays important roles in the maintenance of host health and the pathogenesis of many diseases. Diet is a key modulator of the gut microbiome. There is increasing evidence that nutrients other than fermentable fiber affect the gut microbial composition. In this review, we discuss the effects of vitamins on the gut microbiome, and related gastrointestinal health, based on in vitro, animal and human studies. Some vitamins, when provided in large doses or when delivered to the large intestine, have been shown to beneficially modulate the gut microbiome by increasing the abundance of presumed commensals (vitamins A, B2, D, E, and beta-carotene), increasing or maintaining microbial diversity (vitamins A, B2, B3, C, K) and richness (vitamin D), increasing short chain fatty acid production (vitamin C), or increasing the abundance of short chain fatty acid producers (vitamins B2, E). Others, such as vitamins A and D, modulate the gut immune response or barrier function, thus, indirectly influencing gastrointestinal health or the microbiome. Future research is needed to explore these potential effects and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and host health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van T Pham
- DSM Nutritional Products, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland.
| | - Susanne Dold
- DSM Nutritional Products, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Robert E Steinert
- DSM Nutritional Products, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland; Department of Surgery, Division of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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The Association between Vitamin D and Gut Microbiota: A Systematic Review of Human Studies. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103378. [PMID: 34684379 PMCID: PMC8540279 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence has shown a number of extra-skeletal functions of Vitamin D (VD), primarily involving the immune system. One of these functions is mediated by the modulation of gut microbiota, whose alterations are linked to many diseases. Our purpose is to contribute to the understanding of existing evidence on the association between VD and gastrointestinal microbiota alterations. A systematic review of studies with human subjects has been conducted up to January 2021. We included publications reporting the association between gut microbiota and VD, including VD supplementation, dietary VD intake and/or level of 25(OH)D. We identified 25 studies: 14 were interventional and 11, observational. VD supplementation was found to be associated with a significant change in microbiome composition, in particular of Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes phyla. Furthermore, Firmicutes were found to be correlated with serum VD. Concerning alpha and beta diversity, a high nutritional intake of VD seems to induce a shift in bacterial composition and/or affects the species’ richness. Veillonellaceae and Oscillospiraceae families, in the Firmicutes phylum, more frequently decreased with both increasing levels of 25(OH)D and vitamin D supplementation. We found evidence of an association, even though the studies are substantially heterogeneous and have some limitations, resulting sometimes in conflicting results. To further understand the role of VD on the modulation of the gastrointestinal microbiota, future research should be geared toward well-designed animal-based studies or larger randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
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Wei H, Deng S, Qin Y, Yang X, Chen T, Wang X, Xia Y. Insight Into the Potential Value of Gut Microbial Signatures for Prediction of Gestational Anemia. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:734561. [PMID: 34527605 PMCID: PMC8437374 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.734561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota alternations are associated with gestational anemia (GA); however, limited predictive value for the subsequent incidence of anemia in normal gestational women has been obtained. We sought to rigorously characterise gut dysbiosis in subjects with GA and explored the potential predictive value of novel microbial signatures for the risk of developing GA. A prospective cohort of subjects with GA (n = 156) and healthy control (n = 402), all of whom were free of GA in the second trimester, by 16S rRNA gene sequencing was conducted. Microbial signatures altered dramatically in GA compared with healthy control in the second trimester. Megamonas, Veillonella, and Haemophilus were confirmed to show differential abundances in GA after adjusting for covariates. On the contrary, Lachnospiraceae and Blautia were enriched in control. Microbial co-abundance group (CAG) network was constructed. Prospectively, CAG network relatively accurately predicted upcoming GA in normal pregnant women with an AUC of 0.7738 (95%CI: 0.7171, 0.8306) and the performance was further validated in Validation set (0.8223, 95%CI: 0.7573, 0.8874). Overall, our study demonstrated that alterations in the gut microbial community were associated with anemia in pregnancy and microbial signatures could accurately predict the subsequent incidence of anemia in normal pregnant women. Our findings provided new insights into understanding the role of gut microbiota in GA, identifying high-risk individuals, and modulating gut microbiota as a therapeutic target, thus improving quality of life and well-being of women and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongcheng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siting Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yufeng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Fragkou PC, Karaviti D, Zemlin M, Skevaki C. Impact of Early Life Nutrition on Children's Immune System and Noncommunicable Diseases Through Its Effects on the Bacterial Microbiome, Virome and Mycobiome. Front Immunol 2021; 12:644269. [PMID: 33815397 PMCID: PMC8012492 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.644269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The first 1000 days of life, including the intrauterine period, are regarded as a fundamental stepping stone for the development of a human. Unequivocally, nutrition during this period plays a key role on the proper development of a child, both directly through the intake of essential nutrients and indirectly by affecting the composition of the gut microbiota. The gut microbiota, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, protists and other microorganisms, is a highly modifiable and adaptive system that is influenced by diet, lifestyle, medicinal products and the environment. Reversely, it affects the immune system in multiple complex ways. Many noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) associated with dysbiosis are “programmed” during childhood. Nutrition is a potent determinant of the children’s microbiota composition and maturation and, therefore, a strong determinant of the NCDs’ programming. In this review we explore the interplay between nutrition during the first 1000 days of life, the gut microbiota, virome and mycobiome composition and the development of NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi C Fragkou
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dareilena Karaviti
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, P. & A. Kyriakou Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Michael Zemlin
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Chrysanthi Skevaki
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Philipps University Marburg, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
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