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Sun XM, Wu X, Wei MG, Zhu LZ, Wu WH, Zhou XY, Qi LW, Liu Q. CPS1 augments hepatic glucagon response through CaMKII/FOXO1 pathway. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1437738. [PMID: 39193349 PMCID: PMC11347310 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1437738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Elevated glucagon levels are a characteristic feature of type 2 diabetes. This abnormal increase in glucagon can lead to an accelerated rate of gluconeogenesis. Glucagon also stimulates hepatic metabolism of amino acids, particularly promoting the formation of urea. The specific role of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1), a rate-limiting enzyme in the urea cycle, in the development versus the persistence of glucagon-induced hyperglycemia has not been previously established. Methods: The study employed both in vivo and in vitro approaches to assess the impact of CPS1 modulation on glucagon response. CPS1 was knockdown or overexpression to evaluate its influence on hepatic gluconeogenesis. In addition, an in-silico strategy was employed to identify a potential CPS1 inhibitor. Results: Knockdown of CPS1 significantly reduced the glucagon response both in vivo and in vitro. Conversely, overexpression of CPS1 resulted in an overactive hepatic gluconeogenic response. Mechanistically, CPS1 induced the release of calcium ions from the endoplasmic reticulum, which in turn triggered the phosphorylation of CaMKII. The activation of CaMKII then facilitated the dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation of FOXO1, culminating in the enhancement of hepatic gluconeogenesis. Furthermore, cynarin, a natural CPS1 inhibitor derived from the artichoke plant, had the capacity to attenuate the hepatic glucagon response in a CPS1-dependent manner. Discussion: CPS1 played a pivotal role in mediating glucagon-induced hepatic gluconeogenesis. The discovery of cynarin as a natural inhibitor of CPS1 suggested its potential as a therapeutic agent for diabetes treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Meng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng-Guang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Zeng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen-hui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin-Yue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lian-Wen Qi
- Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Clinical Metabolomics Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Liu Z, Lee H, Dong L, Cheong SH, Lee DS. Fatsia japonica extract exerts antioxidant and anti-neuroinflammatory effects on neuronal cells and a zebrafish model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 324:117813. [PMID: 38281691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Fatsia japonica is a traditional medicine used to treat various diseases, including inflammation-related disorders. However, its antineuroinflammatory and neuroprotective effects remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to evaluate the anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective effects of F. japonica extract to identify the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The components of F. japonica extract were profiled using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The effects of F. japonica extract were investigated in BV2 microglia and HT22 hippocampal cells. Furthermore, in vivo effects of F. japonica extract were assessed using zebrafish models treated with H2O2 and LPS to evaluate the effects of in vivo. RESULTS We identified 27 compounds in the F. japonica extract. F. japonica extract demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties by suppressing LPS-induced inflammatory responses in both BV2 cells and zebrafish, along with inhibiting the activation of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB (p65) pathway. The protective effects of this extract were also observed on glutamate-treated HT22 cells and in H2O2-induced zebrafish. Furthermore, F. japonica extract upregulated nuclear factor E2-related (Nrf) 2/heme oxygenase (HO)-1 expression in BV2 and HT22 cells. CONCLUSIONS F. japonica extract exerted anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective effects through Nrf2/HO-1 and the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hwan Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
| | - Linsha Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sun Hee Cheong
- Department of Marine Bio-Food Sciences, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong-Sung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
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Song C, Wang K, Qian B, Lu J, Qiao M, Qiu Y, Wang B, Yu Y. Nrf-2/ROS/NF-κB pathway is modulated by cynarin in human mesenchymal stem cells in vitro from ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Transl Sci 2024; 17:e13748. [PMID: 38450992 PMCID: PMC10918724 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an immune chronic inflammatory disease, resulting in back pain, stiffness, and thoracolumbar kyphotic deformity. Based on the reported anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacities of cynarin (Cyn), this study explored its protective role and molecular mechanisms in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from AS. The target pathways and genes were verified using Western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescent staining, while molecular docking analysis was conducted. In AS-MSCs, we found that the expression levels of p-NF-κB, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α were higher and IκB-α, Nrf-2, and HO-1 were lower compared with healthy control (HC)-MSCs. With molecular docking analysis, the biding affinities between Cyn and Keap1-Nrf-2 and p65-IκB-α were predicted. The mRNA and protein expression of p-NF-κB, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were downregulated following Cyn administration. Meanwhile, the expression level of IκB-α, Nrf-2, and HO-1 were significantly increased after Cyn pretreatment. The results suggested that the protective mechanisms of Cyn in AS-MSCs were based on enhancing the antioxidation and suppression of excessive inflammatory responses via Nrf-2/ROS/NF-κB axis. Our findings demonstrate that Cyn is a potential candidate for alleviating inflammation in AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Song
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Kaiyang Wang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Bangping Qian
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jingshun Lu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Mu Qiao
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yong Qiu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Bin Wang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yang Yu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedic SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
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Kim SW, Kim CW, Kim HS. Scoparone attenuates PD-L1 expression in human breast cancer cells by MKP-3 upregulation. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2024; 28:55-65. [PMID: 38348341 PMCID: PMC10860470 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2024.2315950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a frequently occurring malignant tumor that is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. Monoclonal antibodies that block programed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) - a typical immune checkpoint - are currently the recommended standard therapies for many advanced and metastatic tumors such as triple-negative breast cancer. However, some patients develop drug resistance, leading to unfavorable treatment outcomes. Therefore, other approaches are required for anticancer treatments, such as downregulation of PD-L1 expression and promotion of degradation of PD-L1. Scoparone (SCO) is a bioactive compound isolated from Artemisia capillaris that exhibits antitumor activity. However, the effect of SCO on PD-L1 expression in cancer has not been confirmed yet. This study aimed to evaluate the role of SCO in PD-L1 expression in breast cancer cells in vitro. Our results show that SCO downregulated PD-L1 expression in a dose-dependent manner, via AKT inhibition. Interestingly, SCO treatment did not alter PTEN expression, but increased the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-3 (MKP-3). In addition, the SCO-induced decrease in PD-L1 expression was reversed by siRNA-mediated MKP-3 knockdown. Collectively, these findings suggest that SCO inhibited the expression of PD-L1 in breast cancer cells by upregulating MKP-3 expression. Therefore, SCO may serve as an innovative combinatorial agent for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Woo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Woo Kim
- Cancer Immunotherapy Evaluation Team, Non-Clinical Evaluation Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation (KBIO Health), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Seok Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Guo Z, Ye G, Tang C, Xiong H. Exploring effect of herbal monomers in treating gouty arthritis based on nuclear factor-kappa B signaling: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37089. [PMID: 38306549 PMCID: PMC10843426 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Gouty arthritis (GA) is an inflammatory disease caused by disorders of the purine metabolism. Although increasing number of drugs have been used to treat GA with the deepening of relevant research, GA still cannot be cured by simple drug therapy. The nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway plays a key role in the pathogenesis of GA. A considerable number of Chinese herbal medicines have emerged as new drugs for the treatment of GA. This article collected relevant research on traditional Chinese medicine monomers in the treatment of GA using NF-κB, GA, etc. as keywords; and conducted a systematic search of relevant published articles using the PubMed database. In this study, we analyzed the therapeutic effects of traditional Chinese medicine monomers on GA in the existing literature through in vivo and in vitro experiments using animal and cell models. Based on this review, we believe that traditional Chinese medicine monomers that can treat GA through the NF-κB signaling pathway are potential new drug development targets. This study provides research ideas for the development and application of new drugs for GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanghao Guo
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guisheng Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengjian Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Xiong
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
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Yarmohammadi E, Khanjani M, Khamverdi Z, Savari M, Taherkhani A. Herbal Metabolites as Potential Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors: Promising Compounds for Cancer and Metabolic Disorders. J Obes Metab Syndr 2023; 32:247-258. [PMID: 37726113 PMCID: PMC10583767 DOI: 10.7570/jomes23029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human carbonic anhydrases (CAs) play a role in various pathological mechanisms by controlling intracellular and extracellular pH balance. Irregular expression and function of CAs have been associated with multiple human diseases, such as obesity, cancer, glaucoma, and epilepsy. In this work, we identify herbal compounds that are potential inhibitors of CA VI. Methods We used the AutoDock tool to evaluate binding affinity between the CA VI active site and 79 metabolites derived from flavonoids, anthraquinones, or cinnamic acids. Compounds ranked at the top were chosen for molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Interactions between the best CA VI inhibitors and residues within the CA VI active site were examined before and after MD analysis. Additionally, the effects of the most potent CA VI inhibitor on cell viability were ascertained in vitro through the 2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results Kaempferol 3-rutinoside-4-glucoside, orientin, kaempferol 3-rutinoside-7-sophoroside, cynarin, and chlorogenic acid were estimated to establish binding with the CA VI catalytic domain at the picomolar scale. The range of root mean square deviations for CA VI complexes with kaempferol 3-rutinoside-4-glucoside, aloe-emodin 8-glucoside, and cynarin was 1.37 to 2.05, 1.25 to 1.85, and 1.07 to 1.54 Å, respectively. The MTT assay results demonstrated that cynarin had a substantial effect on HCT-116 cell viability. Conclusion This study identified several herbal compounds that could be potential drug candidates for inhibiting CA VI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Yarmohammadi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maryam Khanjani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Zahra Khamverdi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Savari
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amir Taherkhani
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Bayat Z, Tarokhian A, Taherkhani A. Cinnamic acids as promising bioactive compounds for cancer therapy by targeting MAPK3: a computational simulation study. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 20:621-630. [PMID: 37223879 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2023-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mitogen-activated protein kinase-3 (MAPK3) is the upstream regulator in the MAPK cascade and is involved in many critical signaling pathways and biological processes, such as cell proliferation, survival, and apoptosis. MAPK3 overexpression is linked to onset, development, metastasis, and drug resistance in several human cancers. Thus, identifying novel and effective MAPK3 inhibitors is highly demanded. Herein, we aimed to discover organic compounds from cinnamic acid derivatives as potential MAPK3 inhibitors. METHODS The binding affinity of 20 cinnamic acids to the MAPK3 active site was tested using the AutoDock 4.0 software. Top-ranked cinnamic acids were ranked based on the ΔG binding values between the ligands and the receptor's active site. Interaction modes between top-ranked cinnamic acids and MAPK3 catalytic site were indicated using the Discovery Studio Visualizer tool. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was carried out to study the stability of the docked pose for the most potent MAPK3 inhibitor in this study. RESULTS Cynarin, chlorogenic acid, rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid 3-glucoside, and cinnamyl caffeate exhibited a salient binding affinity to the MAPK3 active site with the criteria of ΔG binding <-10 k cal/mol. Further, the inhibition constant value for cynarin was calculated at the picomolar concentration. The docked pose of cynarin within the MAPK3 catalytic domain was stable in 100 ns simulation. CONCLUSIONS Cynarin, chlorogenic acid, rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid 3-glucoside, and cinnamyl caffeate might be helpful in cancer therapy by inhibiting MAPK3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynab Bayat
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Aida Tarokhian
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amir Taherkhani
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Zhang P, Rong K, Guo J, Cui L, Kong K, Zhao C, Yang H, Xu H, Qin A, Ma P, Yang X, Zhao J. Cynarin alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration via protecting nucleus pulposus cells from ferroptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115252. [PMID: 37536034 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) leads to a series of degenerative spine diseases. Clinical treatment of IVDD is mainly surgery, lacking effective drugs to alleviate intervertebral disc degeneration. In this study, we analysed the mRNA sequencing dataset of human degenerative intervertebral disc tissues and revealed the participation of ferroptosis in IVDD. Furthermore, we confirmed that TNF-α, an important cytokine in IVDD, induces ferroptosis in nucleus pulposus cells. Subsequently, a ferroptosis inhibitors screening strategy using multiple ferroptosis indicators was developed. Through the screen of various natural compounds, cynarin, a natural product enriched in Artichoke, was discovered to inhibit ferroptosis of nucleus pulposus cells. Cynarin can dose-dependently inhibit the catabolism of nucleus pulposus cells, increase the expression of key ferroptosis-inhibiting genes (GPX4 and NRF2), inhibit the increment of cellular Fe2+, lipid peroxides, and reactive oxygen species. It can also prevent mitochondria shrinkage, reduce mitochondria cristae density in ferroptosis, and prevent IVDD in the rat model. In conclusion, cynarin is a potential candidate for the drug development for IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Degeneration and Regeneration in Skeletal System, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Kewei Rong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Degeneration and Regeneration in Skeletal System, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jiadong Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Degeneration and Regeneration in Skeletal System, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Lei Cui
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530000, China
| | - Keyu Kong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Degeneration and Regeneration in Skeletal System, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Degeneration and Regeneration in Skeletal System, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Huan Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Hongtao Xu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - An Qin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Degeneration and Regeneration in Skeletal System, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Peixiang Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Degeneration and Regeneration in Skeletal System, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Degeneration and Regeneration in Skeletal System, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Degeneration and Regeneration in Skeletal System, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
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Lu CW, Lin TY, Hsieh PW, Chiu KM, Lee MY, Wang SJ. Cynarin, a caffeoylquinic acid derivative in artichoke, inhibits exocytotic glutamate release from rat cortical nerve terminals (synaptosomes). Neurochem Int 2023; 167:105537. [PMID: 37164158 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of cynarin, a caffeoylquinic acid derivative in artichoke, on glutamate release elicited by 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) in rat cortical nerve terminals (synaptosomes). We observed that cynarin decreased 4-aminopyridine-elicited glutamate release, which was prevented by the removal of external free Ca2+ with ethylene glycol bis (β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N,N-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) or the blockade of P/Q-type calcium channels with ω-agatoxin IVA. Molecular docking also revealed that cynarin formed a hydrogen bond with the P/Q-type Ca2+ channel, indicating a mechanism of action involving Ca2+ influx inhibition. Additionally, the inhibitory effect of cynarin on glutamate release is associated with a change in the available synaptic vesicles, as cynarin decreased 4-AP-elicited FM1-43 release or hypertonic sucrose-evoked glutamate release from synaptosomes. Furthermore, the suppression of protein kinase A (PKA) prevented the effect of cynarin on 4-AP-elicited glutamate release. 4-AP-elicited PKA and synapsin I or synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25) phosphorylation at PKA-specific residues were also attenuated by cynarin. Our data indicate that cynarin, through the suppression of P/Q-type Ca2+ channels, inhibits PKA activation and attenuates synapsin I and SNAP-25 phosphorylation at PKA-specific residues, thus decreasing synaptic vesicle availability and contributing to glutamate release inhibition in cerebral cortex terminals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wei Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, 22060, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, 32003, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yu Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, 22060, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, 32003, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Hsieh
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, And Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33303, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ming Chiu
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, 22060, Taiwan; Department of Electrical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, 32003, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yi Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, 22060, Taiwan
| | - Su-Jane Wang
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan.
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Tosun F, Göger F, İşcan G, Kürkçüoğlu M, Kuran FK, Miski M. Biological Activities of the Fruit Essential Oil, Fruit, and Root Extracts of Ferula drudeana Korovin, the Putative Anatolian Ecotype of the Silphion Plant. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:830. [PMID: 36840178 PMCID: PMC9959981 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, preliminary phytochemical investigations were performed on the fruit essential oil and antioxidant-rich methanolic extracts of the fruits and roots of Ferula drudeana, the putative Anatolian ecotype of the Silphion plant, to corroborate its medicinal plant potential and identify its unique characteristics amongst other Ferula species. The essential oil from the fruits of the endemic species Ferula drudeana collected from Aksaray was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The main components of the oil were determined as shyobunone (44.2%) and 6-epishyobunone (12.6%). The essential oil of the fruits and various solvent extracts of the fruits and roots of F. drudeana were evaluated for their antibacterial and anticandidal activity using microbroth dilution methods. The essential oil of the fruits, methanol, and methylene chloride extracts of the fruits and roots showed weak to moderate inhibitory activity against all tested microorganisms with MIC values of 78-2000 µg/mL. However, the petroleum ether extract of the roots showed remarkable inhibitory activity against Candida krusei and Candida utilis with MIC values of 19.5 and 9.75 µg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, all the samples were tested for their antioxidant activities using DPPH• TLC spot testing, online HPLC-ABTS screening, and DPPH/ABTS radical scavenging activity assessment assays. Methanolic extracts of the fruits and roots showed strong antioxidant activity in both systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Tosun
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, İstanbul Medipol University, İstanbul 34083, Turkey
| | - Fatih Göger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar 03030, Turkey
| | - Gökalp İşcan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir 26470, Turkey
| | - Mine Kürkçüoğlu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir 26470, Turkey
| | - Fadıl Kaan Kuran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, İstanbul University, İstanbul 34116, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Miski
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, İstanbul University, İstanbul 34116, Turkey
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Kim S, Lim SW, Choi J. Drug discovery inspired by bioactive small molecules from nature. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2022; 26:254-265. [PMID: 36605590 PMCID: PMC9809404 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2022.2157480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) have greatly contributed to the development of novel treatments for human diseases such as cancer, metabolic disorders, and infections. Compared to synthetic chemical compounds, primary and secondary metabolites from medicinal plants, fungi, microorganisms, and our bodies are promising resources with immense chemical diversity and favorable properties for drug development. In addition to the well-validated significance of secondary metabolites, endogenous small molecules derived from central metabolism and signaling events have shown great potential as drug candidates due to their unique metabolite-protein interactions. In this short review, we highlight the values of NPs, discuss recent scientific and technological advances including metabolomics tools, chemoproteomics approaches, and artificial intelligence-based computation platforms, and explore potential strategies to overcome the current challenges in NP-driven drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea, Seyun Kim
| | - Seol-Wa Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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