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Aragão MGB, He X, Aires CP, Corona SAM. Epigallocatechin gallate reduces the virulence of cariogenic Streptococcus mutans biofilm by affecting the synthesis of biofilm matrix components. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 164:105990. [PMID: 38749386 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There have been reports on the effects of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) against Streptococcus mutans viability and acidogenesis. However, the effects of EGCG on the virulence of S. mutans biofilm development have yet to be fully investigated using validated cariogenic biofilm models. OBJECTIVE Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of EGCG on S. mutans biofilm virulence using a validated cariogenic model and clinically relevant treatment regimens, twice a day for 1.5 min. METHODS Effects of EGCG on bacterial viability, polyssacharide synthesis and biofilm acidogenesis were evaluated. The morphology and 3D structure of the biofilms were evaluated by scanning electron (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy, respectively. RESULTS No significant change in S. mutans viability or culture medium pH were observed when comparing EGCG-treated and NaCl-treated biofilms. EGCG significantly reduced the accumulation of soluble and insoluble polysaccharides, resulting in the formation of a biofilm with interspaced exopolysaccharide-microcolony complexes unevenly distributed on enamel. The SEM images of the biofilm treated with EGCG depict multilayers of cells arranged in short chains of microorganisms adhered to an unstructured matrix, which is not continuous and does not enmesh or protect the microorganisms entirely. Importantly, confocal images demonstrated that treatment with EGCG affected the 3D structure and organization of S. mutans biofilm, which presented a biofilm matrix more confined to the location of the microcolonies. CONCLUSION In conclusion, EGCG lowered the virulence of S. mutans matrix-rich biofilm by reducing the synthesis of biofilm matrix components, altering the biofilm matrix structure, organization, and distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gerusa Brito Aragão
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, 245 First St, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States.
| | - Xuesong He
- Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, 245 First St, Cambridge, MA 02142, United States; Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Carolina Patricia Aires
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Zeferino Vaz - Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-900, Brazil
| | - Silmara Aparecida Milori Corona
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Café S/N, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo 14040-904, Brazil
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Dang MH, Cai JN, Choi HM, Kim D, Oh HW, Jeon JG. Difference in formation of a dental multi-species biofilm according to substratum direction. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 164:106002. [PMID: 38759390 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the difference in dental biofilm formation according to substratum direction, using an artificial biofilm model. METHODS A three-species biofilm, consisting of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, and Actinomyces naeslundii, was formed on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite (sHA) discs oriented in three directions: downward (the discs placed in the direction of gravity), vertical (the discs placed parallel to the direction of gravity), and upward (the discs placed in opposite direction of gravity). The biofilms at 22 h and 46 h of age were analyzed using microbiological and biochemical methods, fluorescence-based assays, and scanning electron microscopy to investigate difference in bacterial adhesion, early and mature biofilm formation. RESULTS The biofilms formed in the upward direction displayed the most complex structure, with the highest number and biovolume of bacteria, as well as the lowest pH conditions at both time points. The vertical and downward directions, however, had only scattered and small bacterial colonies. In the 22-h-old biofilms, the proportion of S. oralis was similar to, or slightly higher than, that of S. mutans in all directions of substratum surfaces. However, in the 46-h-old biofilms, S. mutans became the dominant bacteria in all directions, especially in the vertical and upward directions. CONCLUSIONS The direction of the substratum surface could impact the proportion of bacteria and cariogenic properties of the multi-species biofilm. Biofilms in an upward direction may exhibit a higher cariogenic potential, followed by those in the vertical and downward directions, which could be related to gravity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh-Huy Dang
- Department of Odonto-Stomatology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City, Viet Nam; Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jian-Na Cai
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, People's Republic of China; Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Mi Choi
- Department of Dentistry, Presbyterian Medical Center, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongyeop Kim
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Won Oh
- Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, College of Dentistry, WonKwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Gyu Jeon
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
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Ortiz ADC, Fideles SOM, Reis CHB, Pagani BT, Bueno LMM, Moscatel MBM, Buchaim RL, Buchaim DV. D-Tagatose: A Rare Sugar with Functional Properties and Antimicrobial Potential against Oral Species. Nutrients 2024; 16:1943. [PMID: 38931297 PMCID: PMC11206312 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrates have a dietary role, but excessive consumption of high-calorie sugars can contribute to an increased incidence of metabolic diseases and dental caries. Recently, carbohydrates with sweetening properties and low caloric value, such as D-tagatose, have been investigated as alternative sugars. D-tagatose is a rare sugar that has nutritional and functional properties of great interest for health. This literature review presents an approach to the biological effects of D-tagatose, emphasizing its benefits for oral health. Studies report that D-tagatose has antioxidant and prebiotic effects, low digestibility, reduced glycemic and insulinemic responses, and the potential to improve the lipid profile, constituting an alternative for diabetes mellitus and obesity. It can also be observed that D-tagatose has an antioxidant action, favoring the elimination of free radicals and, consequently, causing a reduction in cellular oxidative stress. Furthermore, it also has antibacterial potential against oral species. Regarding oral health, studies have shown that D-tagatose efficiently reversed bacterial coaggregations, including periodontopathogenic species, and impaired the activity and growth of cariogenic bacteria, such as S. mutans. D-tagatose significantly inhibited biofilm formation, pH decrease and insoluble glucan synthesis in S. mutans cultures. Salivary S. mutans counts were also significantly reduced by the consumption of chewing gum containing D-tagatose and xylitol. In addition, there is evidence that tagatose is effective as an air-polishing powder for biofilm decontamination. The literature indicates that D-tagatose can contribute to the prevention of systemic diseases, also constituting a promising agent to improve oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana de Cássia Ortiz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry (FOB/USP), University of Sao Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil; (A.d.C.O.); (S.O.M.F.); (C.H.B.R.); (B.T.P.); (M.B.M.M.)
| | - Simone Ortiz Moura Fideles
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry (FOB/USP), University of Sao Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil; (A.d.C.O.); (S.O.M.F.); (C.H.B.R.); (B.T.P.); (M.B.M.M.)
| | - Carlos Henrique Bertoni Reis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry (FOB/USP), University of Sao Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil; (A.d.C.O.); (S.O.M.F.); (C.H.B.R.); (B.T.P.); (M.B.M.M.)
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, Brazil;
| | - Bruna Trazzi Pagani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry (FOB/USP), University of Sao Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil; (A.d.C.O.); (S.O.M.F.); (C.H.B.R.); (B.T.P.); (M.B.M.M.)
- Dentistry School, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, Brazil
| | | | - Matheus Bento Medeiros Moscatel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry (FOB/USP), University of Sao Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil; (A.d.C.O.); (S.O.M.F.); (C.H.B.R.); (B.T.P.); (M.B.M.M.)
- Dentistry School, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Leone Buchaim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry (FOB/USP), University of Sao Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil; (A.d.C.O.); (S.O.M.F.); (C.H.B.R.); (B.T.P.); (M.B.M.M.)
- Graduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo 05508-270, Brazil
| | - Daniela Vieira Buchaim
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, Brazil;
- Graduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo 05508-270, Brazil
- Medical School, University Center of Adamantina (UNIFAI), Adamantina 17800-000, Brazil
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Liu P, Wang L, Song Y, Pei H, Cao X. Virtual Screening of Inhibitors of Streptococcus mutans Biofilm from Lonicera japonica flos and Activity Validation. ACS Med Chem Lett 2024; 15:781-790. [PMID: 38894900 PMCID: PMC11181501 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.4c00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, potential inhibitors of Streptococcus mutans biofilm were screened from Lonicera japonica flos using semiflexible molecular docking. A total of 88 metabolites from L. japonica flos and 14 biofilm-related proteins of S. mutans were analyzed, and 25 compounds were initially screened out. Subsequently, 9 compounds with higher availability were subjected to experimental validation, confirming that 6 of them effectively inhibit the S. mutans biofilm formation. Notably, chlorogenic acid was found to potentially disrupt the GbpC protein, which plays a role in the sucrose-dependent adhesion pathway. Similarly, oleanolic acid appeared to impede the adhesin P1 protein involved in the sucrose-independent adhesion mechanism, corroborating the computational predictions. The results of this study provide essential insights for leveraging L. japonica flos in the creation of dental-care-related products and food items aimed at oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Liu
- Beijing Advanced
Innovation
Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Beijing Advanced
Innovation
Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ya Song
- Beijing Advanced
Innovation
Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Hairun Pei
- Beijing Advanced
Innovation
Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xueli Cao
- Beijing Advanced
Innovation
Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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5
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Ealla KKR, Kumari N, Chintalapani S, Uppu S, Sahu V, Veeraraghavan VP, Ramani P, Govindool SR. Interplay between dental caries pathogens, periodontal pathogens, and sugar molecules: approaches for prevention and treatment. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:127. [PMID: 38416201 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03856-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Globally, oral diseases affect nearly 3.5 billion people, accounting for 4.6% of the healthcare expenditure. Common oral diseases include dental caries and periodontal disease, associated with biofilms formed by cariogenic pathogens. Epidemiological studies associate carbohydrates with these diseases due to the sugars metabolized by cariogenic pathogens. This review focuses on dental caries and periodontal pathogens, quorum sensing, lectin-carbohydrate interactions, and various sugar molecules. Cariogenic sugars significantly influence biofilms by enhancing pathogen adhesion, viability, and gene expressions associated with biofilm formation. Moreover, lectin-carbohydrate interactions contribute to biofilm stability. Disrupting these interactions is a potential strategy for oral disease prevention. The use of nanoparticles, such as quantum dots, provides novel insights into lectin-sugar interactions and the development of inhibitors. Additionally, nanomaterials like calcium phosphate nanoparticles neutralize acids and inhibit microbial growth. This overview emphasizes understanding the relationships between oral diseases, microbial communities, and sugars to devise preventive and therapeutic strategies against oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kranti Kiran Reddy Ealla
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Malla Reddy Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Neema Kumari
- Department of Microbiology, Malla Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
| | - Srikanth Chintalapani
- Department of Periodontology, Malla Reddy Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Supriya Uppu
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Malla Reddy Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Vikas Sahu
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Malla Reddy Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pratibha Ramani
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sharaschandra Reddy Govindool
- Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, 240D Squire Hall, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
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6
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Wang Y, Gao H, Chang L, Xu J, Zhou X, Zhang C, Peng Q. Efficient Removal of Dental Plaque Biofilm from Training Typodont Teeth via Water Flosser. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1061. [PMID: 37760162 PMCID: PMC10525826 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10091061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plaque biofilms play critical roles in the development of dental caries. Mechanical plaque control methods are considered to be most effective for plaque removal, such as brushing teeth or using flosser. Recently, water flosser has been paid much attention. Here, we tested the ability of a water flosser to remove the adhered sucrose and the dental plaque biofilms formed by Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Actinobacillus viscosus. We found that the residual sucrose concentration was 3.54 mg/mL in the control group, 1.75 mg/mL in the syringe group (simulating the ordinary mouthwash), and 0 mg/mL in water flosser group. In addition, the residual bacterial concentration was 3.6 × 108 CFU/mL in the control group, 1.6 × 107 CFU/mL in the syringe group, and only 5.5 × 105 CFU/mL in the water flosser group. In summary, water flosser is effective for cleaning the teeth, which may have significant potential in preventing dental caries and maintaining oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Qiang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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7
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Zhao Z, Wu J, Sun Z, Fan J, Liu F, Zhao W, Liu WH, Zhang M, Hung WL. Postbiotics Derived from L. paracasei ET-22 Inhibit the Formation of S. mutans Biofilms and Bioactive Substances: An Analysis. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031236. [PMID: 36770903 PMCID: PMC9919839 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, dental caries is one of the most common non-communicable diseases for patients of all ages; Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is its principal pathogen. Lactobacillus paracasei (L. paracasei) shows excellent anti-pathogens and immune-regulation functions in the host. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of L. paracasei ET-22 on the formation of S. mutans biofilms. The living bacteria, heat-killed bacteria, and secretions of L. paracasei ET-22 were prepared using the same number of bacteria. In vitro, they were added into artificial-saliva medium, and used to coculture with the S. mutans. Results showed that the living bacteria and secretions of L. paracasei ET-22 inhibited biofilm-growth, the synthesis of water-soluble polysaccharide and water-insoluble polysaccharide, and virulence-gene-expression levels related to the formation of S. mutans biofilms. Surprisingly, the heat-killed L. paracasei ET-22, which is a postbiotic, also showed a similar regulation function. Non-targeted metabonomics technology was used to identify multiple potential active-substances in the postbiotics of L. paracasei ET-22 that inhibit the formation of S. mutans biofilms, including phenyllactic acid, zidovudine monophosphate, and citrulline. In conclusion, live bacteria and its postbiotics of L. paracasei ET-22 all have inhibitory effects on the formation of S. mutans biofilm. The postbiotics of L. paracasei ET-22 may be a promising biological anticariogenic-agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhao
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100024, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China
| | - Jianmin Wu
- China Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100024, China
| | - Jinbo Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China
| | - Fudong Liu
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010110, China
- Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Wen Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010110, China
- Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Wei-Hsien Liu
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010110, China
- Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100024, China
- Correspondence: (M.Z.); (W.-L.H.)
| | - Wei-Lian Hung
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010110, China
- Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010110, China
- Correspondence: (M.Z.); (W.-L.H.)
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Recommended food supplies under conditions of natural and provoked catastrophes. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2022; 83:103218. [PMCID: PMC9701581 DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2022.103218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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A microplate‐based Response Surface Methodology model for growth optimization and biofilm formation on polystyrene polymeric material in a
Candida albicans
and
Escherichia coli
co‐culture. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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10
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Vale GC, Carvalho GAO, Hoogenkamp M, Exterkate R, Crielaard W, Ten Cate J. Effect of high-fluoride dentifrice on root dentine and bacterial composition in a multispecies biofilm model. BIOFOULING 2022; 38:348-354. [PMID: 35418275 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2022.2065199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the effect of high-fluoride dentifrice on dentine demineralization and bacterial composition in a multispecies biofilm model in vitro. A seven-organism bacterial consortium was grown on bovine dentine discs in a high-throughput active attachment model. The biofilms were submitted twice per day to the following dentifrices treatments: 5,000 ppm F, 1,100 ppm F, with placebo as a negative control. After 5 days of biofilm growth, dentine samples were assessed by transversal microradiography, the biofilm was collected for bacterial counts and the pH of the media was determined. Lower integrated mineral loss values were observed when 5,000 ppm F-treatment was used compared to the other treatments. Overall microbiological counts decreased with increasing F-concentration as well the pH of the media throughout the experiment. The 5,000 ppm F-treatment caused a shift in microbial composition and reduced dentine demineralization in the in-vitro experimental model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glauber Campos Vale
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | | | - Michel Hoogenkamp
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Exterkate
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Crielaard
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacob Ten Cate
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Nguyen AT, Goswami S, Ferracane J, Koley D. Real-time monitoring of the pH microenvironment at the interface of multispecies biofilm and dental composites. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1201:339589. [PMID: 35300800 PMCID: PMC9167049 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial-mediated local pH change plays an important role in altering the integrity of resin dental composite materials in a dynamic environment such as the oral cavity. To address this, we developed a 300-μm-diameter, flexible, solid-state potentiometric pH microsensor capable of detecting and quantifying the local pH microenvironment at the interface of multispecies biofilm and dental resin in real time over 10 days. We used fluorinated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) as the back contact in our newly developed pH sensor, along with a PVC-based ion-selective membrane and PTFE-AF coating. The high temporal resolution pH data demonstrated pH changes from 7 to 6 and 7 to 5.8 for the first 2 days and then fluctuated between 6.5 to 6 and 6 to 5.5 for the remaining 8 days with the resin composite or glass slide substrate respectively. We could observe the fluctuations in pH mediated by lactic acid production within the biofilm and the re-establishment of pH back to 7. However, acid production started to overwhelm buffering capacity with the continuous feed of sucrose cycles and reduced the local pH nearer to 5.5. No such changes or fluctuations were observed above the biofilm, as the pH remained at 7.0 ± 0.2 for 10 days. The localized real-time monitoring of the pH within the biofilm showed that the pH shift underneath the biofilm could lead to damage to the underlying material and their interface but cannot be sensed external to the biofilm.
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12
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Cai JN, Choi HM, Song KY, Jeon JG. The reciprocal interaction between fluoride release of glass ionomers and acid production of Streptococcus mutans biofilm. J Oral Microbiol 2022; 14:2055267. [PMID: 35341211 PMCID: PMC8956307 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2022.2055267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to demonstrate the mode of action of glass ionomers (G-Is) against cariogenic biofilms in the slow fluoride release phase by analyzing the reciprocal interaction between fluoride release from G-Is and acid production of Streptococcus mutans biofilm. Methods G-Is discs in the slow fluoride release phase were prepared and 51 h-old S. mutans biofilms were formed on these discs. The interrelationship between the acid production of the biofilm and the fluoride release of the G-Is discs was investigated by analyzing both factors simultaneously during the biofilm formation period. The composition of the 51 h-old biofilms was then examined using microbiological, biochemical, and confocal laser scanning microscopic methods. Results Acid production by the cariogenic biofilm, particularly at < pH 5, promotes G-Is fluoride release. Conversely, G-Is fluoride release inhibits the acid production of the cariogenic biofilm. This reciprocal interaction results in the reduction of virulence such as extracellular polysaccharides formation and cariogenic biofilm bio-mass, which may reduce the potential of secondary caries development around G-Is. Conclusions These results suggest that G-Is may play a role in preventing the development of secondary caries during the slow fluoride release phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Na Cai
- Department of Oral Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Hyeon-Mi Choi
- Department of Dentistry, Presbyterian Medical Center, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Yeob Song
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Gyu Jeon
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, BK21 Plus Program, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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