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Stojkic I, Harper L, Coss S, Kallash M, Driest K, Lamb M, Ardoin SP, Akoghlanian S. CAR T cell therapy for refractory pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus: a new era of hope? Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2024; 22:72. [PMID: 39118067 PMCID: PMC11308704 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-024-00990-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune condition that can affect multiple organ systems and is heterogenous in its presentation and response to therapy. When diagnosed in childhood, SLE is associated with increased morbidity and mortality compared to adult SLE, often requiring substantial immunosuppression with the risk of significant side effects. There remains a significant unmet need for new therapies that can improve disease control and reduce glucocorticoid and other toxic medication exposure for patients with severe or refractory disease. The pathogenesis of SLE involves B cell dysregulation and autoantibody production, which are a hallmark of the disease. Currently approved B cell directed therapies often result in incomplete B cell depletion and may not target long-lived plasma cells responsible for SLE autoantibodies. It is hypothesized that by persistently eliminating both B cells and plasmablasts, CAR T therapy can halt autoimmunity and prevent organ damage in patient's refractory to current B cell-depleting treatments. Herein we summarize the current preclinical and clinical data utilizing CAR T cells for SLE and discuss the future of this treatment modality for lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Stojkic
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 46205, USA.
| | - Lauren Harper
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 46205, USA
| | - Samantha Coss
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 46205, USA
| | - Mahmoud Kallash
- Division of Nephrology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kyla Driest
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 46205, USA
| | - Margaret Lamb
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Stacy P Ardoin
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 46205, USA
| | - Shoghik Akoghlanian
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 46205, USA
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Jahandar-Lashaki S, Farajnia S, Faraji-Barhagh A, Hosseini Z, Bakhtiyari N, Rahbarnia L. Phage Display as a Medium for Target Therapy Based Drug Discovery, Review and Update. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01195-6. [PMID: 38822912 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01195-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Phage libraries are now amongst the most prominent approaches for the identification of high-affinity antibodies/peptides from billions of displayed phages in a specific library through the biopanning process. Due to its ability to discover potential therapeutic candidates that bind specifically to targets, phage display has gained considerable attention in targeted therapy. Using this approach, peptides with high-affinity and specificity can be identified for potential therapeutic or diagnostic use. Furthermore, phage libraries can be used to rapidly screen and identify novel antibodies to develop immunotherapeutics. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved several phage display-derived peptides and antibodies for the treatment of different diseases. In the current review, we provided a comprehensive insight into the role of phage display-derived peptides and antibodies in the treatment of different diseases including cancers, infectious diseases and neurological disorders. We also explored the applications of phage display in targeted drug delivery, gene therapy, and CAR T-cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Jahandar-Lashaki
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Safar Farajnia
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Aref Faraji-Barhagh
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Hosseini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Nasim Bakhtiyari
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Rahbarnia
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Alrefai AA, Abouelenin MAH, Salman MMA, Tawfeek GAE, Abbas MA. Expression profile of long-noncoding RNAs MIR31HG, NKILA, and PACER in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Clin Biochem 2024; 126:110734. [PMID: 38395324 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2024.110734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Growing evidence suggests that systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an organ-damaging systemic autoimmune illness, may be influenced by long-noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). This study aimed to assess the relative expression of lncRNAs (MIR31HG, NKILA, and PACER) in patients with SLE to evaluate their role in the disease. DESIGN AND METHODS This study involved 70 patients with SLE and 70 apparently healthy control subjects. The expression levels of lnc-MIR31HG, NKILA, and PACER were quantified using real-time PCR. RESULTS Lnc-MIR31HG, NKILA, and PACER were significantly upregulated in SLE cases compared to controls (P < 0.001). ROC curve analysis revealed a 91.43 % sensitivity of PACER for the diagnosis of SLE at a cutoff point of > 1.46, followed by NKILA with 90 % sensitivity at a cutoff point of > 1.16, and MIR31HG with 85.71 % sensitivity at a cutoff point of > 1.43. MIR31HG had the highest sensitivity for the diagnosis of lupus nephritis (86.67 %) at a cutoff point of > 7.19, then NKILA with 80 % sensitivity at a cutoff point of > 8.12, and finally PACER expression with 73.33 % sensitivity at a cutoff point of > 18.19. Moreover, MIR31HG and NKILA revealed a significant correlation with albumin/creatinine ratio, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and the SLEDAI score. Regression analysis revealed the potential roles of MIR31HG, NKILA, and PACER expression as predictors for SLE. CONCLUSION An upregulated lncRNA panel (MIR31HG, NKILA, and PACER) could play a role in the pathogenesis and, hence, the predispositiontoSLE. MIR31HG and NKILA can serve as prognostic markers significantly linked with disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer A Alrefai
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry- Faculty of Medicine, Umm-Al Qura University, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mai A H Abouelenin
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt.
| | - Maha M A Salman
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt.
| | - Gehan A E Tawfeek
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Mona A Abbas
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt.
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Alejandra WP, Miriam Irene JP, Fabio Antonio GS, Patricia RGR, Elizabeth TA, Juan Pablo AA, Rebeca GV. Production of monoclonal antibodies for therapeutic purposes: A review. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 120:110376. [PMID: 37244118 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been used in the development of immunotherapies that target a variety of diseases, such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, and even viral infections; they play a key role in immunization and are expected after vaccination. However, some conditions do not promote the development of neutralizing antibodies. Production and use of mAbs, generated in biofactories, represent vast potential as aids in immunological responses when the organism cannot produce them on their own, these convey unique specificity by recognizing and targeting specific antigen. Antibodies can be defined as heterotetrametric glycoproteins of symmetric nature, and they participate as effector proteins in humoral responses. Additionally, there are different types of mAbs (murine, chimeric, humanized, human, mAbs as Antibody-drug conjugates and bispecific mAbs) discussed in the present work. When these molecules are produced in vitro as mAbs, several common techniques, such as hybridomas or phage display are used. There are several preferred cell lines that function as biofactories, for the production of mAbs, the selection of which rely on the variation of adaptability, productivity and both phenotypic and genotypic shifts. After the cell expression systems and culture techniques are used, there are diverse specialized downstream processes to achieve desired yield and isolation as well as product quality and characterization. Novel perspectives regarding these protocols represent a potential improvement for mAbs high-scale production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waller-Pulido Alejandra
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Science, Ave. General Ramon Corona 2514, 45138 Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jiménez-Pérez Miriam Irene
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Science, Ave. General Ramon Corona 2514, 45138 Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Gonzalez-Sanchez Fabio Antonio
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Science, Ave. General Ramon Corona 2514, 45138 Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | | | | | - Aleman-Aguilar Juan Pablo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Science, Ave. General Ramon Corona 2514, 45138 Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico.
| | - Garcia-Varela Rebeca
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Science, Ave. General Ramon Corona 2514, 45138 Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico.
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Chen HY, Chiang YF, Hong YH, Shieh TM, Huang TC, Ali M, Chang HY, Wang KL, Hsia SM. Quercetin Ameliorates Renal Injury and Pyroptosis in Lupus Nephritis through Inhibiting IL-33/ST2 Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2238. [PMID: 36421424 PMCID: PMC9687047 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common and serious symptom in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Tubular interstitial fibrosis is a common underlying mechanism in the development of lupus nephritis to end-stage renal failure (ESRD). Quercetin is widely proven to prevent tissue fibrosis. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the beneficial effects of quercetin on the inhibition of fibrosis and inflammation pathways in in vitro and in vivo lupus nephritis models. In the current study, MRL/lpr mice as animal models, and HK-2 human renal tubular epithelial cells were stimulated by interleukin-33 (IL-33) to mimic the cellular model of lupus nephritis. Immunohistochemical staining, immunoblotting assay, immunofluorescence staining, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay were used. The in vivo results showed that quercetin improved the renal function and inhibited both fibrosis- and inflammation-related markers in MRL/lpr mice animal models. The in vitro results indicated that quercetin ameliorated the accumulation of fibrosis- and inflammation-related proteins in IL-33-induced HK-2 cells and improved renal cell pyroptosis via the IL33/ST2 pathway. Overall, quercetin can improve LN-related renal fibrosis and inflammation, which may offer an effective potential therapeutic strategy for lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yuan Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fen Chiang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Han Hong
- Graduate Programs of Nutrition Science, School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106209, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Tsui-Chin Huang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Mohamed Ali
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Hsin-Yi Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Lee Wang
- Department of Nursing, Ching Kuo Institute of Management and Health, Keelung 20301, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- School of Food and Safety, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
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Plüß M, Piantoni S, Wincup C, Korsten P. Rapid Response of Refractory Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Skin Manifestations to Anifrolumab-A Case-Based Review of Clinical Trial Data Suggesting a Domain-Based Therapeutic Approach. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11123449. [PMID: 35743519 PMCID: PMC9225134 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11123449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a clinically heterogeneous autoimmune disease, and organ manifestations, such as lupus nephritis (LN) or skin disease, may be refractory to standard treatment. Therefore, new agents are required to allow for a more personalized therapeutic approach. Recently, several new therapies have been approved internationally, including voclosporine for LN and anifrolumab for moderately to severely active SLE. Here, we report a case of SLE with a predominant and refractory cutaneous manifestation despite combination treatment with glucocorticoids, hydroxychloroquine, mycophenolate mofetil, and belimumab, which had been present for more than 12 months. Belimumab was switched to anifrolumab, and the patient responded quickly after two infusions (eight weeks) with a reduction in the Cutaneous Lupus Assessment and Severity Index (CLASI) from 17 to 7. In addition, we review the available clinical trial data for anifrolumab with a focus on cutaneous outcomes. Based on phase II and III clinical trials investigating the intravenous administration, a consistent CLASI improvement was observed at 12 weeks. Interestingly, in a phase II trial of subcutaneous anifrolumab application, CLASI response was not different from placebo at 12 weeks but numerically different at 24 and 52 weeks, respectively. Thus, anifrolumab emerges as an attractive new therapeutic option suggesting a possible domain-based approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Plüß
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
| | - Silvia Piantoni
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Chris Wincup
- Department of Rheumatology, King’s College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, UK;
| | - Peter Korsten
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-551-396-0400
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