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Botwe G, Fang X, Mukhtar YM, Zhou Y, Tang H, Wang M, Zhang J, Fu M, Jiang P, Gu J, Zhang X. Circular RNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for gastrointestinal cancers. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 39:1230-1246. [PMID: 38504413 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Circular RNAs are a class of noncoding RNAs with covalently linked 5' and 3' ends that arise from backsplicing events. The absence of a 5' cap and a 3' poly(A) tail makes circular RNAs relatively more stable than their linear counterparts. They are evolutionary conserved and tissue-specific, and some show disease-specific expression patterns. Although their biological functions remain largely unknown, circular RNAs have been shown to play regulatory roles by acting as microRNA sponges, regulators of RNA-binding proteins, alternative splicing, and parental gene expression, and they could even encode proteins. Over the past few decades, circular RNAs have attracted wide attention in oncology owing to their implications in various tumors. Many circular RNAs have been characterized as key players in gastrointestinal cancers and influence cancer growth, progression, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Accumulating evidence reveals that their unique characteristics, coupled with their critical roles in tumorigenesis, make circular RNAs promising non-invasive clinical biomarkers for gastrointestinal cancers. In the present review, we summarized the biological roles of the emerging circular RNAs and their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets, which may help better understand their clinical significance in the management of gastrointestinal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godwin Botwe
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinjian Fang
- Department of Oncology, Gaochun Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yusif Mohammed Mukhtar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haozhou Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Maoye Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Fu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengcheng Jiang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianmei Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Nantong Tumor Hospital/Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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Ma S, Yao Y, Xu Y, Zou M, Zhou M, Abudushalamu G, Chen Y, Cai S, Zhang C, Wu G. Comprehensive evaluation of serum circHAS2 as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for gastric cancer. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:94-105. [PMID: 37750590 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The diagnosis and screening indicators for gastric cancer (GC) are not satisfactory, resulting in a large number of GC patients being missed and missing the best treatment time. Due to the special structure of circular RNAs (circRNAs), they have a more accurate and powerful ability to detect tumor occurrence. In addition, circHAS2 has been found to promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells. Therefore, this study explored the potential of circHAS2 as a biomarker for GC. The expression level of circHAS2 in the specimens was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. The molecular characteristics of circHAS2 were verified by agarose gel electrophoresis and Sanger sequencing. The feasibility of the circHAS2 detection method was verified by room temperature placement and repeated freezing and thawing. The diagnostic effect of circHAS2 on GC was evaluated by receiver-operating curve analysis. The correlation between circHAS2 expression level and clinical pathological parameters was analyzed using the χ2 -test. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis was used to analyze the survival situation of the circHAS2 high- and low-expression group. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of prognosis in GC patients. CircHAS2 in cells can be secreted into the blood, and its expression level is significantly upregulated in the serum of patients with GC. The expression level of circHAS2 is correlated with the tissue differentiation, tumor node metastasis staging, classification, and lymph node metastasis of GC patients. CircHAS2 can effectively identify GC and even early GC. In addition, the expression levels of circHAS2 in postoperative GC patients significantly decreased and returned to normal after the second stage of chemotherapy. Finally, the circHAS2 low-expression group had better survival. The upregulated expression of circHAS2 in the serum of GC patients can effectively identify GC and early GC and can be used for effective monitoring of the prognosis of GC patients. In summary, circHAS2 can be used as an effective diagnostic and prognostic marker for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Ma
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuming Yao
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanhua Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingyuan Zou
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meiling Zhou
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gulinaizhaer Abudushalamu
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaya Chen
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shijie Cai
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoqiu Wu
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Gupta R, Kadhim MM, Turki Jalil A, Obayes AM, Aminov Z, Alsaikhan F, Ramírez-Coronel AA, Ramaiah P, Tayyib NA, Luo X. Multifaceted role of NF-κB in hepatocellular carcinoma therapy: Molecular landscape, therapeutic compounds and nanomaterial approaches. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 228:115767. [PMID: 36966991 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The predominant kind of liver cancer is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that its treatment have been troublesome difficulties for physicians due to aggressive behavior of tumor cells in proliferation and metastasis. Moreover, stemness of HCC cells can result in tumor recurrence and angiogenesis occurs. Another problem is development of resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in HCC cells. Genomic mutations participate in malignant behavior of HCC and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) has been one of the oncogenic factors in different human cancers that after nuclear translocation, it binds to promoter of genes in regulating their expression. Overexpression of NF-κB has been well-documented in increasing proliferation and invasion of tumor cells and notably, when its expression enhances, it induces chemoresistance and radio-resistance. Highlighting function of NF-κB in HCC can shed some light on the pathways regulating progression of tumor cells. The first aspect is proliferation acceleration and apoptosis inhibition in HCC cells mediated by enhancement in expression level of NF-κB. Moreover, NF-κB is able to enhance invasion of HCC cells via upregulation of MMPs and EMT, and it triggers angiogenesis as another step for increasing spread of tumor cells in tissues and organs. When NF-κB expression enhances, it stimulates chemoresistance and radio-resistance in HCC cells and by increasing stemness and population of cancer-stem cells, it can provide the way for recurrence of tumor. Overexpression of NF-κB mediates therapy resistance in HCC cells and it can be regulated by non-coding RNAs in HCC. Moreover, inhibition of NF-κB by anti-cancer and epigenetic drugs suppresses HCC tumorigenesis. More importantly, nanoparticles are considered for suppressing NF-κB axis in cancer and their prospectives and results can also be utilized for treatment of HCC. Nanomaterials are promising factors in treatment of HCC and by delivery of genes and drugs, they suppress HCC progression. Furthermore, nanomaterials provide phototherapy in HCC ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reena Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, District-Mathura, U. P., India
| | - Mustafa M Kadhim
- Department of Dentistry, Kut University College, Kut, Wasit, 52001, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, 10022, Iraq
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq.
| | | | - Zafar Aminov
- Department of Public Health and Healthcare Management, Samarkand State Medical University, 18 Amir Temur Street, Samarkand, Uzbekistan; Department of Scientific Affairs, Tashkent State Dental Institute, 103 Makhtumkuli Str., Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
- Azogues Campus Nursing Career, Health and Behavior Research Group (HBR), Psychometry and Ethology Laboratory, Catholic University of Cuenca, Ecuador; Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group, CES University, Colombia; Educational Statistics Research Group (GIEE), National University of Education, Ecuador
| | | | - Nahla A Tayyib
- Faculty of Nursing, Umm al- Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xuanming Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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ZHAO X, HE L. Hsa-circ-0006091 modulates the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma via the miR-622/CCNB1 axis. Turk J Med Sci 2023; 53:1367-1378. [PMID: 38813026 PMCID: PMC10763780 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/aim Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common type of cancer. We hypothesize that circular RNA-0006091 (circ-0006091) affects the progression of HCC. The study aims to investigate the effect of circ-0006091 in HCC cells. Materials and methods The levels of circ-0006091, microRNA-622 (miR-622), and cyclin B1 (CCNB1) were assayed using qRT-PCR and western blotting. The metastasis of the HCC cells was measured with wound healing and transwell assays. The protein expression levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were assayed with western blotting. Dual-luciferase reporter and RNA-pulldown assays were used to determine the link between miR-622 and circ-0006091 or CCNB1. Mice-based tests were used to determine the effect of circ-0006091 on the proliferation of HCC cells. Results The levels of circ-0006091 and CCNB1 were increased in the HCC cells, but miR-622 was down-regulated. Deficiency of circ-0006091 reduced the metastasis of the HCC cells, and silencing of circ-0006091 decreased the activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the same cells. Circ-0006091 modulated the CCNB1 level in the HCC cells via miR-622. Silencing of circ-0006091 suppressed the proliferation of the HCC cells in vivo. Conclusion Circ-0006091 regulated HCC cell metastasis via the miR-622/CCNB1 axis, a possible therapeutic target in managing HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng ZHAO
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City,
China
| | - Ling HE
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City,
China
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Sun R, Zhu H, Wang Y, Wang J, Jiang C, Cao Q, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Yuan S, Liu Q. Circular RNA expression and the competitive endogenous RNA network in pathological, age-related macular degeneration events: A cross-platform normalization study. J Biomed Res 2023; 37:367-381. [PMID: 37366063 PMCID: PMC10541779 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.37.20230010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) causes irreversible blindness in people aged over 50 worldwide. The dysfunction of the retinal pigment epithelium is the primary cause of atrophic AMD. In the current study, we used the ComBat and Training Distribution Matching method to integrate data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. We analyzed the integrated sequencing data by the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. Peroxisome and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) signaling and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) were among the top 10 pathways, and thus we selected them to construct AMD cell models to identify differentially expressed circular RNAs (circRNAs). We then constructed a competing endogenous RNA network, which is related to differentially expressed circRNAs. This network included seven circRNAs, 15 microRNAs, and 82 mRNAs. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis of mRNAs in this network showed that the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway was a common downstream event. The results of the current study may provide insights into the pathological processes of atrophic AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxu Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Hongjing Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Jianan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Qiuchen Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yeran Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Yichen Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Songtao Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Qinghuai Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
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Liu Q, Xu X, Sun W. Down-regulated HSA_circ_0003528 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma aggressiveness via the miR-212-3p/ XIAP axis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:11269-11280. [PMID: 35484994 PMCID: PMC9208529 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2066046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by a high mortality rate. Dysregulated circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a vital role in HCC. We aimed to study the role of circ_0003528 in HCC and its fundamental molecular mechanisms. HSA_circ_0003528 was identified through bioinformatics dataset analysis. The binding sites between mRNA and miRNA were predicted using online bioinformatics tools. The interaction between miR-212-3p and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) or circ_0003528 was confirmed through the luciferase reporter assay. RT-qPCR and western blot assays were used to analyze the expression of all miRNAs/mRNAs and proteins. Cellular functions were evaluated using the MTT and TUNEL assays. A xenograft model was established to evaluate the function of circ_0003528 in vivo. Circ_0003528 was dramatically overexpressed in HepG2 and HUH7 cells. However, knockdown of circ_0003528 suppressed the aggressiveness of HCC cells and tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, binding of miR-212-3p to circ_0003528 and XIAP was verified. Downregulation of miR-212-3p abrogated the effects of si-circ_0003528 on cell viability and apoptosis, and upregulation of XIAP antagonized the functions of the miR-212-3p mimic in HCC cells. circ_0003528 contributes to the development of HCC in vitro and in vivo via the miR-212-3p/XIAP axis. Hence, circ_0003528 knockdown may be a potential therapeutic strategy for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Baotou, Qingshan, China
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