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Chauhan D, Yadav PK, Sultana N, Agarwal A, Verma S, Chourasia MK, Gayen JR. Advancements in nanotechnology for the delivery of phytochemicals. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2024:S2095-4964(24)00052-9. [PMID: 38693014 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Phytosomes (phytophospholipid complex) are dosage forms that have recently been introduced to increase the stability and therapeutic effect of herbal medicine. Currently, bioactive herbs and the phytochemicals they contain are considered to be the best remedies for chronic diseases. One promising approach to increase the efficacy of plant-based therapies is to improve the stability and bioavailability of their bio-active ingredients. Phytosomes employ phospholipids as their active ingredients, and use their amphiphilic properties to solubilize and protect herbal extracts. The unique properties of phospholipids in drug delivery and their use in herbal medicines to improve bioavailability results in significantly enhanced health benefits. The introduction of phytosome nanotechnology can alter and revolutionize the current state of drug delivery. The goal of this review is to explain the application of phytosomes, their future prospects in drug delivery, and their advantages over conventional formulations. Please cite this article as: Chauhan D, Yadav PK, Sultana N, Agarwal A, Verma S, Chourasia MK, Gayen JR. Advancements in nanotechnology for the delivery of phytochemicals. J Integr Med. 2024; Epub ahead of print.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Chauhan
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pavan K Yadav
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nazneen Sultana
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arun Agarwal
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Saurabh Verma
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manish K Chourasia
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jiaur R Gayen
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Tabolacci E, Tringali G, Nobile V, Duca S, Pizzoferrato M, Bottoni P, Maria Elisabetta C. Rutin Protects Fibroblasts from UVA Radiation through Stimulation of Nrf2 Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040820. [PMID: 37107196 PMCID: PMC10135198 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explores the photoprotective effects of rutin, a bioflavonoid found in some vegetables and fruits, against UVA-induced damage in human skin fibroblasts. Our results show that rutin increases cell viability and reduces the high levels of ROS generated by photo-oxidative stress (1 and 2 h of UVA exposure). These effects are related to rutin’s ability to modulate the Nrf2 transcriptional pathway. Interestingly, activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway results in an increase in reduced glutathione and Bcl2/Bax ratio, and the subsequent protection of mitochondrial respiratory capacity. These results demonstrate how rutin may play a potentially cytoprotective role against UVA-induced skin damage through a purely antiapoptotic mechanism.
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Altamimi M, Hussain A, Mahdi WA, Imam SS, Alshammari MA, Alshehri S, Khan MR. Mechanistic Insights into Luteolin-Loaded Elastic Liposomes for Transdermal Delivery: HSPiP Predictive Parameters and Instrument-Based Evidence. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:48202-48214. [PMID: 36591170 PMCID: PMC9798756 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated mechanistic insights into luteolin (LUT)-loaded elastic liposomes (OLEL1) permeated across rat skin. HSPiP software-based parameters, thermal analysis, infrared analysis, and morphological evaluations were employed to understand mechanistic observations of drug permeation and deposition. HSPiP provided HSP values (δd, δp, and δh) of OLEL1 (based on composition), LUT, excipients, and rat skin (literature value and by-default value). Rat skin was studied via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), fluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies. The δd and δh estimation of the skin and phosphatidylcholine showed close relation in terms of δd and δh. Similarly, OLEL1 and the skin might interact with each other mainly through δd and δp forces as evidenced by the predicted values. The untreated skin showed characteristic stretching and vibrations as compared to lower frequencies caused by OLEL1. DSC showed changes in the thermal behavior of the skin after OLEL1 treatment as compared to the untreated skin. Visualization of these changes was evident under fluorescence microscopy and SEM for confirmed substantial reversible surface perturbation of the skin protein layer for improved vesicle permeation and subsequent internalization with the inner skin matrix. The AFM study confirmed the nanoscale surface roughness variation caused substantially by OLEL1 and OLEL1 placebo as compared to the untreated control and drug solution. Thus, the study clearly demonstrated mechanistic insights into LUT-loaded vesicles across rat skin for enhanced permeation and drug deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad
A. Altamimi
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- . Phone: +966564591584
| | - Wael A. Mahdi
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Sarim Imam
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Musaad A. Alshammari
- Department
of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Rashid Khan
- Department
of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Zhang H, Xu L, Song J, Zhang A, Zhang X, Li Q, Qu X, Wang P. Establishment of Quality Evaluation Method for Yinqiao Powder: A Herbal Formula against COVID-19 in China. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2022; 2022:1748324. [PMID: 36467981 PMCID: PMC9718632 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1748324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Yinqiao powder, with significant anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects, is a classical formula for the treatment of febrile diseases in China. During the SARS period in 2003, Yinqiao powder showed a good antipyretic effect. It also plays a major role in the treatment for COVID-19 in China. Although there are many studies on the chemical compositions and pharmacological effects of Yinqiao powder, there are few studies on the quality standard system of it. In our study, a systematic quality evaluation method of Yinqiao powder combining HPLC fingerprint with quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS) based on network pharmacology and UPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS was established for the first time. In the UPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS experiment, a total of 53 compounds were identified in the extract solution of Yinqiao powder. In addition, 33 blood components were characterized, 23 of which were prototypes. The results of network pharmacology analysis showed that Yinqiao powder may inhibit inflammatory responses by suppressing IL-6, CXCL2, TNFα, NF-κB, etc., in the treatment of COVID-19. The HPLC fingerprint analysis of Yinqiao powder was conducted at 237 nm and 29 characteristic peaks were matched, 11 of which were identified. Forsythoside A was selected as the internal standard reference and double-wavelength (237 nm and 327 nm) was established in QAMS experiment. The repeatability was well under different conditions, and the results measured by QAMS were consisted with that of the external standard method (ESM), indicating that the QAMS method was reliable and accurate. The quality evaluation method of Yinqiao powder would be helpful to evaluate the intrinsic quality of Yinqiao powder more comprehensively, which is conducive to improve the quality standard of Yinqiao powder and provide a beneficial guarantee for the clinical treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Zhang
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Jian Song
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Aijun Zhang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shandong Hongjitang Pharmaceutical Group Co Ltd., Jinan 250103, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Qingjun Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Xinyan Qu
- Laboratory of Immunology for Environment and Health, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
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MWCNTs-CTAB and HFs-Lac Nanocomposite-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode for Rutin Determination. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12080632. [PMID: 36005028 PMCID: PMC9405827 DOI: 10.3390/bios12080632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Rutin is a flavonoid glycoside compound, which is mainly transported via the blood circulation system in the human body. The monitoring of the blood concentration of rutin is of great significance in many fields such as pharmacology and pharmacokinetics. In this work, a biosensor based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), hydroxyl fullerenes (HFs), and laccase (Lac) nanocomposite-modified glassy carbon electrodes was constructed. The modified materials were characterized with a transmission electron microscope (TEM), cyclic voltammograms (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). CTAB is used to disperse MWCNTs and improve hydrophilicity and biocompatibility of MWCNTs, while the use of Lac can enhance the oxidation of catechol structure in rutin, thus significantly improving the sensitivity and selectivity of the modified electrode. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) studies showed that the determination linear ranges of rutin were 0.1 µmol L−1 to 2 µmol L−1 and 2 µmol L−1 to 11 µmol L−1, with the determination limits of 30 nmol L−1 and 95.5 nmol L−1, respectively. The proposed biosensor can be used to detect rutin tablets and serum samples with high recovery, which indicates a good accuracy of this method, and the results are consistent with those measured by the traditional ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) method. Hence, this biosensor has potential practical application value in rutin drug quality testing and clinical blood drug concentration monitoring.
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Shang H, Younas A, Zhang N. Recent advances on transdermal delivery systems for the treatment of arthritic injuries: From classical treatment to nanomedicines. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1778. [PMID: 35112483 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Arthritic injuries happen frequently during a lifetime due to accidents, sports, aging, diseases, etc. Such injuries can be cartilage/bone injuries, tendon injuries, ligament injuries, inflammation, pain, and/or synovitis. Oral and injective administration of therapeutics are typically used but cause many side effects. Transdermal administration is an alternative route for safe and efficient delivery. Transdermal formulations of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been available on market for years and show promising efficacy in pain relieving, inflammation alleviation, infection control, and so on. Innovative transdermal patches, gels/films, and microneedles have also been widely explored as formulations to deliver therapeutics to combat arthritic injuries. However, transdermal formulations that halt disease progression and promote damage repair are translated slowly from lab bench to clinical applications. One major reason is that the skin barrier and synovial capsule barrier limit the efficacy of transdermal delivery. Recently, many nanocarriers, such as nanoparticles, nanolipids, nanoemulsions, nanocrystals, exosomes, etc., have been incorporated into transdermal formulations to advance drug delivery. The combined transdermal formulations show promising safety and efficacy. Therefore, this review will focus on stating the current development of nanomedicine-based transdermal formulations for the treatment of arthritic injuries. The advances, limitations, and future perspectives in this field will also be provided to inspire future studies and accelerate clinical translational studies. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanotechnology in Tissue Repair and Replacement Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Lipid-Based Structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Shang
- School of Sports Sciences (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ayesha Younas
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Muvhulawa N, Dludla PV, Ziqubu K, Mthembu SX, Mthiyane F, Nkambule BB, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE. Rutin ameliorates inflammation and improves metabolic function: A comprehensive analysis of scientific literature. Pharmacol Res 2022; 178:106163. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Teja PK, Mithiya J, Kate AS, Bairwa K, Chauthe SK. Herbal nanomedicines: Recent advancements, challenges, opportunities and regulatory overview. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:153890. [PMID: 35026510 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herbal Nano Medicines (HNMs) are nano-sized medicine containing herbal drugs as extracts, enriched fractions or biomarker constituents. HNMs have certain advantages because of their increased bioavailability and reduced toxicities. There are very few literature reports that address the common challenges of herbal nanoformulations, such as selecting the type/class of nanoformulation for an extract or a phytochemical, selection and optimisation of preparation method and physicochemical parameters. Although researchers have shown more interest in this field in the last decade, there is still an urgent need for systematic analysis of HNMs. PURPOSE This review aims to provide the recent advancement in various herbal nanomedicines like polymeric herbal nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, phytosomes, nano-micelles, self-nano emulsifying drug delivery system, nanofibers, liposomes, dendrimers, ethosomes, nanoemulsion, nanosuspension, and carbon nanotube; their evaluation parameters, challenges, and opportunities. Additionally, regulatory aspects and future perspectives of herbal nanomedicines are also being covered to some extent. METHODS The scientific data provided in this review article are retrieved by a thorough analysis of numerous research and review articles, textbooks, and patents searched using the electronic search tools like Sci-Finder, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Elsevier, Google Scholar, ACS, Medline Plus and Web of Science. RESULTS In this review, the authors suggested the suitability of nanoformulation for a particular type of extracts or enriched fraction of phytoconstituents based on their solubility and permeability profile (similar to the BCS class of drugs). This review focuses on different strategies for optimising preparation methods for various HNMs to ensure reproducibility in context with all the physicochemical parameters like particle size, surface area, zeta potential, polydispersity index, entrapment efficiency, drug loading, and drug release, along with the consistent therapeutic index. CONCLUSION A combination of herbal medicine with nanotechnology can be an essential tool for the advancement of herbal medicine research with enhanced bioavailability and fewer toxicities. Despite the challenges related to traditional medicine's safe and effective use, there is huge scope for nanotechnology-based herbal medicines. Overall, it is well stabilized that herbal nanomedicines are safer, have higher bioavailability, and have enhanced therapeutic value than conventional herbal and synthetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parusu Kavya Teja
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opp. Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Jinal Mithiya
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opp. Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Abhijeet S Kate
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opp. Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Khemraj Bairwa
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opp. Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India..
| | - Siddheshwar K Chauthe
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opp. Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India..
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Zverev YF, Rykunova AY. Modern Nanocarriers as a Factor in Increasing the Bioavailability and Pharmacological Activity of Flavonoids. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2022; 58:1002-1020. [PMID: 36540406 PMCID: PMC9756931 DOI: 10.1134/s0003683822090149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review is devoted to modern systems of nanocarriers that ensure the targeted delivery of flavonoids to various organs and systems. Flavonoids have wide range of effects on the human body due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antimicrobial, antiplatelet and other types of activity. However, the low bioavailability of flavonoids significantly limits their practical application. To overcome this disadvantage, serious efforts have been made in recent years to develop nanoscale carriers for flavonoids. This is particularly important in view of the known antitumor effect of these compounds, which allows them to target tumor cells without affecting surrounding healthy tissues. Nanocarriers provide increased penetration of biologicals into specific organs in combination with controlled and prolonged release, which markedly improves their effectiveness. This review summarizes data on the use of phytosomes, lipid-based nanoparticles, as well as polymeric and inorganic nanoparticles; their advantages and drawbacks are analyzed; the prospect of their use is discussed that opens new possibilities for the clinical application of flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya. F. Zverev
- Altai State Medical University, 656038 Barnaul, Russia
| | - A. Ya. Rykunova
- Barnaul Law Institute, Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 656038 Barnaul, Russia
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Progress in the application of reflectance confocal microscopy in dermatology. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2021; 38:709-715. [PMID: 34849113 PMCID: PMC8610039 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2021.110077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is abbreviated as skin three-dimensional computed tomography, which can help clearly observe the structure of the epidermis and superficial dermis. It is a non-invasive skin disease examination method and provides fast access to real-time, dynamic skin micro-anatomical images. Therefore, RCM is widely used in the clinical diagnosis of skin diseases. For example, the RCM features of vitiligo are as follows: pigment loss or partial pigment loss in the lesion area, loss of the basal layer pigment ring. The RCM findings of Riehl melanosis are as follows: basal cell liquefaction and degeneration. The RCM results for verruca plana show: the Rose-like structure. The characteristics of psoriasis under RCM include: hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, thickening of the spinous layer, capillary dilatation and hyperaemia, peripheral inflammatory cell infiltration. Epidermal brain-like structure was observed under RCM of seborrheic keratosis. With RCM, image acquisition and preservation of the skin is convenient, and the technique is convenient for comparing the development of lesions during long-term follow-up observation. Therefore, it helps to understand disease development in real time and dynamically and can be used to evaluate the curative effect. In this article, we briefly review the technical principles, diagnostic criteria for RCM application and RCM-related research progress in the diagnosis of pigmentary diseases, inflammatory diseases, skin tumours, and other common skin diseases.
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Enhanced permeability and photoprotective potential of optimized p-coumaric acid-phospholipid complex loaded gel against UVA mediated oxidative stress. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2021; 221:112246. [PMID: 34243023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Photo-oxidative skin damage is mainly caused by the UV-A radiation of the sun. Synthetic sunscreens used to counter this acts mostly on the superficial skin layer and possess serious side effects. P-coumaric acid (PCA) is a UV-A protective plant phenolic having quick diffusion and distribution in superficial skin layers limiting its application as herbal sunscreen. The present study was designed to formulate an optimized phospholipid complex of PCA (PCAPC) through response surface methodology to enhance its skin permeation to deeper skin layers providing protection against photo-oxidative stress. PCAPC was characterized by FT-IR, DTA, PXRD, TEM, zeta potential etc. PCAPC was then incorporated into a gel formulation (PCAPC-GE) to facilitate its transdermal delivery. Physicochemical properties of the gel were assessed by pH, homogeneity, rheology, spreadability etc. In-vitro SPF and UVA-PF of the gel was evaluated and compared with conventional gel (PCA-GE). Ex-vivo skin permeation flux, permeability coefficient, skin deposition and dermatokinetic analysis were carried out to measure the rate and level of skin permeation. This was accompanied by in-vivo evaluation of PCAPC-GE and PCA-GE in the experimental rat model by measuring the various oxidative stress markers such as superoxide dismutase, catalase etc. PCAPC-GE provided high SPF and UVA-PF value compared to PCA-GE. The physicochemical parameters were suitable for transdermal application. PCAPC-GE enhanced the permeation rate of PCA by almost 6 fold compared to PCA-GE. Besides, a significant reduction of UV-A induced oxidative stress biomarkers were observed for PCAPC-GE. Thus, the PCAPC-GE may be an effective alternative of synthetic sunscreens due to its enhanced permeation and protection against UVA-induced oxidative stress.
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Chaturvedi S, Garg A. An insight of techniques for the assessment of permeation flux across the skin for optimization of topical and transdermal drug delivery systems. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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13
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De Gaetano F, Cristiano MC, Venuti V, Crupi V, Majolino D, Paladini G, Acri G, Testagrossa B, Irrera A, Paolino D, Tommasini S, Ventura CA, Stancanelli R. Rutin-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation. Molecules 2021; 26:1039. [PMID: 33669321 PMCID: PMC7920302 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed at preparing and characterizing solid lipid nanoparticles loading rutin (RT-SLNs) for the treatment of oxidative stress-induced diseases. Phospholipon 80H® as a solid lipid and Polysorbate 80 as surfactant were used for the SLNs preparation, using the solvent emulsification/diffusion method. We obtained spherical RT-SLNs with low sizes, ranging from 40 to 60 nm (hydrodynamic radius) for the SLNs prepared starting from 2% and 5% (w/w) theoretical amount. All prepared formulations showed negative zeta-potential values. RT was efficiently encapsulated within SLNs, obtaining high encapsulation efficiency and drug content percentages, particularly for SLNs prepared with a 5% theoretical amount of RT. In vitro release profiles and analysis of the obtained data applying different kinetic models revealed Fickian diffusion as the main mechanism of RT release from the SLNs. The morphology of RT-SLNs was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), whereas the interactions between RT and the lipid matrix were investigated by Raman spectroscopy, evidencing spectral modifications of characteristic bands of RT due to the establishment of new interactions. Finally, antioxidant activity assay on human glioblastoma astrocytoma (U373) culture cells showed a dose-dependent activity for RT-SLNs, particularly at the highest assayed dose (50 μM), whereas the free drug showed the lesser activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica De Gaetano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (F.D.G.); (V.C.); (S.T.); (C.A.V.)
| | - Maria Chiara Cristiano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi di Catanzaro “Magna Græcia”, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Viale S. Venuta, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.C.C.); (D.P.)
| | - Valentina Venuti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (D.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Vincenza Crupi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (F.D.G.); (V.C.); (S.T.); (C.A.V.)
| | - Domenico Majolino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (D.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Paladini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (D.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Acri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche, e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali, Università degli Studi di Messina, c/o A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Martino” Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.A.); (B.T.)
| | - Barbara Testagrossa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche, e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali, Università degli Studi di Messina, c/o A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Martino” Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.A.); (B.T.)
| | - Alessia Irrera
- CNR-IPCF Istituto per i Processi Chimico Fisici, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 37, 98158 Messina, Italy;
| | - Donatella Paolino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi di Catanzaro “Magna Græcia”, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Viale S. Venuta, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.C.C.); (D.P.)
| | - Silvana Tommasini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (F.D.G.); (V.C.); (S.T.); (C.A.V.)
| | - Cinzia Anna Ventura
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (F.D.G.); (V.C.); (S.T.); (C.A.V.)
| | - Rosanna Stancanelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (F.D.G.); (V.C.); (S.T.); (C.A.V.)
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Pinzaru I, Tanase A, Enatescu V, Coricovac D, Bociort F, Marcovici I, Watz C, Vlaia L, Soica C, Dehelean C. Proniosomal Gel for Topical Delivery of Rutin: Preparation, Physicochemical Characterization and In Vitro Toxicological Profile Using 3D Reconstructed Human Epidermis Tissue and 2D Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010085. [PMID: 33435216 PMCID: PMC7827235 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rutin (Rut) is a natural flavonol, well-known for its broad-spectrum of therapeutic effects, including antioxidant and antitumoral activities; still, it has a reduced clinical outcome due to its limited solubility in aqueous solutions. To overcome this drawback, this study proposes a novel formulation for rutin as a proniosomal gel for cutaneous applications. The gel was prepared by coacervation phase-separation method and complies with the standard requirements in terms of particle size (140.5 ± 2.56 nm), zeta potential (−27.33 ± 0.09 mV), encapsulation capacity (> 50%), pH (7.002 ± 0.18) and rheological properties. The results showed high biocompatibility of the gel on the 3D reconstructed human epidermis model characterized by increased viability of the cells and a lack of irritant and phototoxic potential. The evaluations on 2D cells confirm the preferential cytotoxic effect of Rut on melanoma cells (IC50 value = 8.601 µM, nuclear fragmentation) compared to normal keratinocytes. Our data suggest that the proniosomal gel is a promising drug carrier for Rut in the management and prevention of skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Pinzaru
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (I.P.); (I.M.); (C.W.); (L.V.); (C.S.); (C.D.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Alina Tanase
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 9 Revolutiei Bv., Sq., 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Virgil Enatescu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
- Correspondence: (V.E.); (D.C.); Tel.: +40-723-374896 (V.E.); +40-256-494604 (D.C.)
| | - Dorina Coricovac
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (I.P.); (I.M.); (C.W.); (L.V.); (C.S.); (C.D.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
- Correspondence: (V.E.); (D.C.); Tel.: +40-723-374896 (V.E.); +40-256-494604 (D.C.)
| | - Flavia Bociort
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Iasmina Marcovici
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (I.P.); (I.M.); (C.W.); (L.V.); (C.S.); (C.D.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Claudia Watz
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (I.P.); (I.M.); (C.W.); (L.V.); (C.S.); (C.D.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Lavinia Vlaia
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (I.P.); (I.M.); (C.W.); (L.V.); (C.S.); (C.D.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Codruta Soica
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (I.P.); (I.M.); (C.W.); (L.V.); (C.S.); (C.D.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Dehelean
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (I.P.); (I.M.); (C.W.); (L.V.); (C.S.); (C.D.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
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15
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Pinto DCGA, Simões MAM, Silva AMS. Genista tridentata L.: A Rich Source of Flavonoids with Anti-inflammatory Activity. MEDICINES 2020; 7:medicines7060031. [PMID: 32486147 PMCID: PMC7345318 DOI: 10.3390/medicines7060031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background:Genista tridentata L. is an endemic species from the Iberian Peninsula used in Portuguese traditional medicine to treat inflammation-related diseases; this and other health-promoting effects are usually associated with the flavonoids produced by this species. In fact, anti-inflammatory properties were established for several of these flavonoid derivatives. Methods: A careful survey of the reported data, using mainly the Scopus database and Genista tridentata and Pterospartum tridentatum as keywords, was done. We have examined the papers involving the plant and those about the most relevant flavonoids anti-inflammatory activity. Results: The literature survey demonstrates that species are used to treat several health problems such as antihyperglycemia, hypertension, and inflammatory episodes. It was also possible to establish its richness in flavonoid derivatives, from which several are potential anti-inflammatory agents. Conclusions: From our described and discussed analysis, it can be concluded that Genista tridentata is an excellent source of bioactive flavonoids. Moreover, its traditional use to treat inflammation episodes may be due to its flavonoid content, from which genistein, biochanin A, rutin, and daidzein can be emphasized.
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Kalita B, Patwary BN. Formulation and in vitro Evaluation of Hesperidin-Phospholipid Complex and its Antioxidant Potential. CURRENT DRUG THERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1574885514666190226155933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The recent trend of herbal drug delivery has been focused on developing
novel drug delivery carriers to address problems related to solubility, oral bioavailability, skin permeation
and stability. The phyto-phospholipid complex (phytosomes®) technology has been used to
overcome the problems associated with many conventional herbal extracts.
Aim:
The present work aimed to formulate phospholipid-complex of the flavanoid Hesperidin to
enhance its dissolution leading to enhanced oral bioavailability.
Method:
The complex was prepared by refluxing various molar ratios of hesperidin and PC followed
by solvent evaporation. The prepared complexes were evaluated for saturation solubility,
partition co-efficient and drug content. The free drug and phospholipid complexes were analyzed in
DSC. Surface morphology of the prepared complexes was viewed using SEM images. Selected
formulations were subjected to in vitro drug release study. Antioxidant effect was examined by free
radical scavenging method.
Results:
Solubility and partition coefficient of the prepared complexes were improved in comparison
to free drug. Based on the results of solubility, partition coefficient and drug content, formulation
F2 was selected as an optimized batch. DSC thermograms confirmed the formation of phospholipid
complex. Free Hesperidin and Hesperidin-phospholipid complex (F2) showed 46.9 % and
78.20 % of drug release, respectively, at seven hours phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). The optimized
formulation showed concentration-dependent anti-oxidant property.
Conclusion:
Results of the present study suggested that the phospholipid complex of Hesperidin
possesses the antioxidant potential and may be of potential use for improving the dissolution of
hesperidin and hence oral bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupen Kalita
- Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Guwahati-781017, Assam, India
| | - Bhargab Nath Patwary
- Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Guwahati-781017, Assam, India
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