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Wang S, Pang Z, Fan H, Tong Y. Advances in anti-EV-A71 drug development research. J Adv Res 2024; 56:137-156. [PMID: 37001813 PMCID: PMC10834817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is capable of causing hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), which may lead to neurological sequelae and even death. As EV-A71 is resistant to environmental changes and mutates easily, there is still a lack of effective treatments or globally available vaccines. AIM OF REVIEW For more than 50 years since the HFMD epidemic, related drug research has been conducted. Progress in this area can promote the further application of existing potential drugs and develop more efficient and safe antiviral drugs, and provide useful reference for protecting the younger generation and maintaining public health security. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW At present, researchers have identified hundreds of EV-A71 inhibitors based on screening repurposed drugs, targeted structural design, and rational modification of previously effective drugs as the main development strategies. This review systematically introduces the current potential drugs to inhibit EV-A71 infection, including viral inhibitors targeting key sites such as the viral capsid, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), 2C protein, internal ribosome entry site (IRES), 3C proteinase (3Cpro), and 2A proteinase (2Apro), starting from each stage of the viral life cycle. Meanwhile, the progress of host-targeting antiviral drugs and their development are summarized in terms of regulating host immunity, inhibiting autophagy or apoptosis, and regulating the cellular redox environment. In addition, the current clinical methods for the prevention and treatment of HFMD are summarized and discussed with the aim of providing support and recommendations for the treatment of enterovirus infections including EV-A71.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zehan Pang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Huahao Fan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Yigang Tong
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China.
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Wei Y, Liu H, Hu D, He Q, Yao C, Li H, Hu K, Wang J. Recent Advances in Enterovirus A71 Infection and Antiviral Agents. J Transl Med 2024; 104:100298. [PMID: 38008182 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2023.100298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is one of the major causative agents of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) that majorly affects children. Most of the time, HFMD is a mild disease but can progress to severe complications, such as meningitis, brain stem encephalitis, acute flaccid paralysis, and even death. HFMD caused by EV-A71 has emerged as an acutely infectious disease of highly pathogenic potential in the Asia-Pacific region. In this review, we introduced the properties and life cycle of EV-A71, and the pathogenesis and the pathophysiology of EV-A71 infection, including tissue tropism and host range of virus infection, the diseases caused by the virus, as well as the genes and host cell immune mechanisms of major diseases caused by enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) infection, such as encephalitis and neurologic pulmonary edema. At the same time, clinicopathologic characteristics of EV-A71 infection were introduced. There is currently no specific medication for EV-A71 infection, highlighting the urgency and significance of developing suitable anti-EV-A71 agents. This overview also summarizes the targets of existing anti-EV-A71 agents, including virus entry, translation, polyprotein processing, replication, assembly and release; interferons; interleukins; the mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and protein kinase B signaling pathways; the oxidative stress pathway; the ubiquitin-proteasome system; and so on. Furthermore, it overviews the effects of natural products, monoclonal antibodies, and RNA interference against EV-A71. It also discusses issues limiting the research of antiviral drugs. This review is a systematic and comprehensive summary of the mechanism and pathological characteristics of EV-A71 infection, the latest progress of existing anti-EV-A71 agents. It would provide better understanding and guidance for the research and application of EV-A71 infection and antiviral inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Wei
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huihui Liu
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Da Hu
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qun He
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenguang Yao
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanluo Li
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kanghong Hu
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Sino-German Biomedical Center, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Mohammadi S, Jabbari F, Cidonio G, Babaeipour V. Revolutionizing agriculture: Harnessing nano-innovations for sustainable farming and environmental preservation. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 198:105722. [PMID: 38225077 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The agricultural sector is currently confronted with a significant crisis stemming from the rapid changes in climate patterns, declining soil fertility, insufficient availability of essential macro and micronutrients, excessive reliance on chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and the presence of heavy metals in soil. These numerous challenges pose a considerable threat to the agriculture industry. Furthermore, the exponential growth of the global population has led to a substantial increase in food consumption, further straining agricultural systems worldwide. Nanotechnology holds great promise in revolutionizing the food and agriculture industry, decreasing the harmful effects of agricultural practices on the environment, and improving productivity. Nanomaterials such as inorganic, lipid, and polymeric nanoparticles have been developed for increasing productivity due to their unique properties. Various strategies can enhance product quality, such as the use of nano-clays, nano zeolites, and hydrogel-based materials to regulate water absorption and release, effectively mitigating water scarcity. The production of nanoparticles can be achieved through various methods, each of which has its own unique benefits and limitations. Among these methods, chemical synthesis is widely favored due to the impact that various factors such as concentration, particle size, and shape have on product quality and efficiency. This review provides a detailed examination of the roles of nanotechnology and nanoparticles in sustainable agriculture, including their synthetic methods, and presents an analysis of their associated advantages and disadvantages. To date, there are serious concerns and awareness about healthy agriculture and the production of healthy products, therefore the development of nanotech-enabled devices that act as preventive and early warning systems to identify health issues, offering remedial measures is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Mohammadi
- Center for Life Nano & Neuro-Science (CLN(2)S), Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), 00161 Rome, Italy; Department of Basic and Applied Science for Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Farzaneh Jabbari
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Department, Materials and Energy Research Center, Tehran 14155-4777, Iran
| | - Gianluca Cidonio
- Center for Life Nano & Neuro-Science (CLN(2)S), Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Valiollah Babaeipour
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran 14155-4777, Iran.
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Boroumand S, Majidi RF, Gheibi A, Majidi RF. Selenium nanoparticles incorporated in nanofibers media eliminate H1N1 activity: a novel approach for virucidal antiviral and antibacterial respiratory mask. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:2360-2376. [PMID: 38063966 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31202-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The consecutive viral infectious outbreaks impose severe complications on public health besides the economic burden which led to great interest in antiviral personal protective equipment (PPE). Nanofiber-based respiratory mask has been introduced as a significant barrier to eliminate the airborne transmission from aerosols toward reduction the viral infection spreading. Herein, selenium nanoparticles incorporated in polyamide 6 nanofibers coated on spunbond nonwoven were synthesized via electrospinning technique (PA6@SeNPs), with an average diameter of 180 ± 2 nm. The nanofiber-coated media were tested for 0.3 μm particulate filtration efficiency based on Standard NIOSH (42 CFR 84). PA6@SeNPs had a pressure drop of 45 ± 2 Pa and particulate filtration efficiency of more than 97.33 which is comparable to the N95 respiratory mask. The bacterial killing efficiency of these nanofibers was 91.25% and 16.67% against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli), respectively. Furthermore, the virucidal antiviral test for H1N1 infected Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cells (MDCK) exhibited TCID50 of 108.13, 105.88, and 105.5 for 2, 10, and 120 min of exposure times in comparison with 108.5, 107.5, and 106.5 in PA6 nanofibers as control sample. MTT assay indicated excellent biocompatibility of electrospun PA6@SeNP nanofibers on L292 cells. These results propose the PA6@SeNP nanofibers have a high potential to be used as an efficient layer in respiratory masks for protection against respiratory pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ali Gheibi
- Fanavaran Nano-Meghyas (Fnm Co. Ltd.), Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Faridi Majidi
- Fanavaran Nano-Meghyas (Fnm Co. Ltd.), Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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5
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Vijayaram S, Razafindralambo H, Sun YZ, Vasantharaj S, Ghafarifarsani H, Hoseinifar SH, Raeeszadeh M. Applications of Green Synthesized Metal Nanoparticles - a Review. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:360-386. [PMID: 37046039 PMCID: PMC10097525 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03645-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Green nanotechnology is an emerging field of science that focuses on the production of nanoparticles by living cells through biological pathways. This topic plays an extremely imperative responsibility in various fields, including pharmaceuticals, nuclear energy, fuel and energy, electronics, and bioengineering. Biological processes by green synthesis tools are more suitable to develop nanoparticles ranging from 1 to 100 nm compared to other related methods, owing to their safety, eco-friendliness, non-toxicity, and cost-effectiveness. In particular, the metal nanoparticles are synthesized by top-down and bottom-up approaches through various techniques like physical, chemical, and biological methods. Their characterization is very vital and the confirmation of nanoparticle traits is done by various instrumentation analyses such as UV-Vis spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), annular dark-field imaging (HAADF), and intracranial pressure (ICP). In this review, we provide especially information on green synthesized metal nanoparticles, which are helpful to improve biomedical and environmental applications. In particular, the methods and conditions of plant-based synthesis, characterization techniques, and applications of green silver, gold, iron, selenium, and copper nanoparticles are overviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hary Razafindralambo
- ProBioLab, Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Liège, Belgium
- BioEcoAgro Joint Research Unit, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Microbial Processes and Interactions, Gembloux AgroBio Tech/Université de Liège, Gembloux, Belgium, University of Liege, Liège, Belgium
| | - Yun-Zhang Sun
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| | - Seerangaraj Vasantharaj
- Department of Biotechnology, Hindusthan College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, 641028, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hamed Ghafarifarsani
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Raeeszadeh
- Department of Basic Sciences, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
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6
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Mikhailova EO. Selenium Nanoparticles: Green Synthesis and Biomedical Application. Molecules 2023; 28:8125. [PMID: 38138613 PMCID: PMC10745377 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are extremely popular objects in nanotechnology. "Green" synthesis has special advantages due to the growing necessity for environmentally friendly, non-toxic, and low-cost methods. This review considers the biosynthesis mechanism of bacteria, fungi, algae, and plants, including the role of various biological substances in the processes of reducing selenium compounds to SeNPs and their further packaging. Modern information and approaches to the possible biomedical use of selenium nanoparticles are presented: antimicrobial, antiviral, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other properties, as well as the mechanisms of these processes, that have important potential therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina O Mikhailova
- Institute of Innovation Management, Kazan National Research Technological University, K. Marx Street 68, 420015 Kazan, Russia
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Khurana A, Allawadhi P, Singh V, Khurana I, Yadav P, Sathua KB, Allwadhi S, Banothu AK, Navik U, Bharani KK. Antimicrobial and anti-viral effects of selenium nanoparticles and selenoprotein based strategies: COVID-19 and beyond. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023; 86:104663. [PMID: 37362903 PMCID: PMC10249347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Deficiency of selenium (Se) has been described in a significant number of COVID-19 patients having a higher incidence of mortality, which makes it a pertinent issue to be addressed clinically for effective management of the COVID-19 pandemic. Se nanoparticles (SeNPs) provide a unique option for managing the havoc caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. SeNPs possess promising anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects by virtue of their nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-stimulator of activated B cells (NFκB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs), and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) modulatory activity. In addition, SeNPs possess remarkable immunomodulatory effects, making them a suitable option for supplementation with a much lower risk of toxicity compared to their elemental counterpart. Further, SeNPs have been shown to curtail viral and microbial infections, thus, making it a novel means to halt viral growth. In addition, it can be administered in the form of aerosol spray, direct injection, or infused thin-film transdermal patches to reduce the spread of this highly contagious viral infection. Moreover, a considerable decrease in the expression of selenoprotein along with enhanced expression of IL-6 in COVID-19 suggests a potential association among selenoprotein expression and COVID-19. In this review, we highlight the unique antimicrobial and antiviral properties of SeNPs and the immunomodulatory potential of selenoproteins. We provide the rationale behind their potentially interesting properties and further exploration in the context of microbial and viral infections. Further, the importance of selenoproteins and their role in maintaining a successful immune response along with their association to Se status is summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Khurana
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, 500030, PVNRTVU, Telangana, India
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), Warangal, 506166, PVNRTVU, Telangana, India
| | - Prince Allawadhi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vishakha Singh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Isha Khurana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Poonam Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Kshirod Bihari Sathua
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Konark Marine Drive Road, Puri, 752002, Odisha, India
| | - Sachin Allwadhi
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University Institute of Engineering and Technology (UIET), Maharshi Dayanand University (MDU), Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Anil Kumar Banothu
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, 500030, PVNRTVU, Telangana, India
| | - Umashanker Navik
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Kala Kumar Bharani
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), Warangal, 506166, PVNRTVU, Telangana, India
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Serov DA, Khabatova VV, Vodeneev V, Li R, Gudkov SV. A Review of the Antibacterial, Fungicidal and Antiviral Properties of Selenium Nanoparticles. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5363. [PMID: 37570068 PMCID: PMC10420033 DOI: 10.3390/ma16155363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The resistance of microorganisms to antimicrobial drugs is an important problem worldwide. To solve this problem, active searches for antimicrobial components, approaches and therapies are being carried out. Selenium nanoparticles have high potential for antimicrobial activity. The relevance of their application is indisputable, which can be noted due to the significant increase in publications on the topic over the past decade. This review of research publications aims to provide the reader with up-to-date information on the antimicrobial properties of selenium nanoparticles, including susceptible microorganisms, the mechanisms of action of nanoparticles on bacteria and the effect of nanoparticle properties on their antimicrobial activity. This review describes the most complete information on the antiviral, antibacterial and antifungal effects of selenium nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A. Serov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilove St. 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.A.S.); (V.V.K.)
| | - Venera V. Khabatova
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilove St. 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.A.S.); (V.V.K.)
| | - Vladimir Vodeneev
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin av. 23, 603105 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia;
| | - Ruibin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China;
| | - Sergey V. Gudkov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilove St. 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.A.S.); (V.V.K.)
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin av. 23, 603105 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia;
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Wei Y, Hu D, Li D, Hu K, Zhang Q, Liu H, He Q, Yao C, Li H, Wang J. Antiviral effects and mechanisms against EV71 of the novel 2-Benzoxyl-Phenylpyridine Derivatives. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 186:106445. [PMID: 37044201 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
A series of 2-Benzoxyl-Phenylpyridine derivatives were evaluated for their potential antiviral activities against EV71. The preliminary assays indicated that some of these compounds exhibited excellent antiviral effects on EV71, they could effectively inhibit virus-induced cytopathic effects (CPEs), reduce progeny viral yields, and present similar or better antiviral activities compared to the positive control drug ribavirin. Among these derivatives, compounds WY7, WY13 and WY14 showed the most potency against EV71. Investigation of the underlying mechanism of action revealed that these compounds target EV71 replication in cells post infection, they could profoundly inhibit viral RNA replication and protein synthesis, and inhibit virus-induced cell apoptosis. Further experiments demonstrated that compound WY7 potently inhibited the activity of the EV71 3C protease (3Cpro), and to some extent, it affected the activity of 3D polymerase (3Dpol), thus blocking viral replication, but not the activity of the 2A proteinase (2Apro). Modeling of the molecular binding of the 3Cpro-WY7 complex revealed that compound WY7 was predicted to insert into the substrate-binding pocket of EV71 3Cpro, blocking substrate recognition and thereby inhibiting EV71 3Cpro activity. These results indicate that these compounds might be feasible therapeutic agents against EV71 infection and that these compounds may provide promising lead scaffolds for the further design and synthesis of potential antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Wei
- Sino-German Biomedical Center, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| | - Da Hu
- Sino-German Biomedical Center, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| | - Dong Li
- Sino-German Biomedical Center, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| | - Kanghong Hu
- Sino-German Biomedical Center, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| | - Qian Zhang
- Sino-German Biomedical Center, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| | - Huihui Liu
- Sino-German Biomedical Center, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| | - Qun He
- Sino-German Biomedical Center, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| | - Chenguang Yao
- Sino-German Biomedical Center, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| | - Hanluo Li
- Sino-German Biomedical Center, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Aanish Ali M, Rehman N, Park TJ, Basit MA. Antiviral role of nanomaterials: a material scientist's perspective. RSC Adv 2022; 13:47-79. [PMID: 36605642 PMCID: PMC9769549 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06410c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present world continues to face unprecedented challenges caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Collaboration between researchers of multiple disciplines is the need of the hour. There is a need to develop antiviral agents capable of inhibiting viruses and tailoring existing antiviral drugs for efficient delivery to prevent a surge in deaths caused by viruses globally. Biocompatible systems have been designed using nanotechnological principles which showed appreciable results against a wide range of viruses. Many nanoparticles can act as antiviral therapeutic agents if synthesized by the correct approach. Moreover, nanoparticles can act as carriers of antiviral drugs while overcoming their inherent drawbacks such as low solubility, poor bioavailability, uncontrolled release, and side effects. This review highlights the potential of nanomaterials in antiviral applications by discussing various studies and their results regarding antiviral potential of nanoparticles while also suggesting future directions to researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Aanish Ali
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Space Technology Islamabad 44000 Pakistan
| | - Nagina Rehman
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Tae Joo Park
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University Ansan 15588 Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Abdul Basit
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Space Technology Islamabad 44000 Pakistan
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Singh A, Singh P, Kumar R, Kaushik A. Exploring nanoselenium to tackle mutated SARS-CoV-2 for efficient COVID-19 management. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.1004729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite ongoing public health measures and increasing vaccination rates, deaths and disease severity caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its new emergent variants continue to threaten the health of people around the world. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel strategies for research, diagnosis, treatment, and government policies to combat the variant strains of SARS-CoV-2. Since the state-of-the-art COVID-19 pandemic, the role of selenium in dealing with COVID-19 disease has been widely discussed due to its importance as an essential micronutrient. This review aims at providing all antiviral activities of nanoselenium (Nano-Se) ever explored using different methods in the literature. We systematically summarize the studied antiviral activities of Nano-Se required to project it as an efficient antiviral system as a function of shape, size, and synthesis method. The outcomes of this article not only introduce Nano-Se to the scientific community but also motivate scholars to adopt Nano-Se to tackle any serious virus such as mutated SARS-CoV-2 to achieve an effective antiviral activity in a desired manner.
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12
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Shao C, Yu Z, Luo T, Zhou B, Song Q, Li Z, Yu X, Jiang S, Zhou Y, Dong W, Zhou X, Wang X, Song H. Chitosan-Coated Selenium Nanoparticles Attenuate PRRSV Replication and ROS/JNK-Mediated Apoptosis in vitro. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:3043-3054. [PMID: 35832119 PMCID: PMC9273186 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s370585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a highly prevalent and endemic swine pathogen that causes significant economic losses to the global swine industry. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have attracted increasing attention in the biomedical field, given their antiviral effects. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of chitosan-coated SeNPs (CS-SeNPs) on PRRSV replication. Methods In this study, CS-SeNPs were synthesized by chemical reduction and characterized by assessing the morphology, size distribution, zeta potential, and element composition. Marc-145 cells were infected with r-PRRSV-EGFP (0.1 MOI) and inoculated with CS-SeNPs (10 μM). Subsequently, the concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity were measured using specific commercial assay kits. ORF5 RNA expression, viral titer, and nucleocapsid (N) protein expression were assessed using qRT-PCR, TCID50, and Western blot. ROS generation, apoptosis rates, and JNK /caspase-3/PARP protein expression were evaluated using dihydroethidium staining, flow cytometry, and Western blot. Results The results showed that CS-SeNPs treatment significantly suppressed oxidative stress induced by r-PRRSV-EGFP infection by increasing GSH-Px activity, promoting GSH production, and inhibiting H2O2 synthesis. CS-SeNPs treatment significantly inhibited ORF5 gene expression, viral titers, and N protein of r-PRRSV-EGFP at 24 and 48 hours post-infection (hpi) in Marc-145 cells. The increase in apoptosis rates induced by r-PRRSV-EGFP infection was significantly decreased by CS-SeNPs inoculation through inhibiting ROS generation, JNK phosphorylation levels, and cleavage of caspase-3 and PARP mainly at 48 hpi. Conclusion These results demonstrated that CS-SeNPs suppress PRRSV-induced apoptosis in Marc-145 cells via the ROS/JNK signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting PRRSV replication, which suggested the potential antiviral activity of CS-SeNPs that deserves further investigation for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Shao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziwei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongwang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanjiang Song
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuoyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingshan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanyu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingdong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Houhui Song
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.,College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
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Tang Q, Liu Y, Peng X, Wang B, Luan F, Zeng N. Research Progress in the Pharmacological Activities, Toxicities, and Pharmacokinetics of Sophoridine and Its Derivatives. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:191-212. [PMID: 35082485 PMCID: PMC8784973 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s339555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sophoridine is a natural quinolizidine alkaloid and a bioactive ingredient that can be isolated and identified from certain herbs, including Sophora flavescens Alt, Sophora alopecuroides L, and Sophora viciifolia Hance. In recent years, this quinolizidine alkaloid has gained widespread attention because of its unique structure and minimal side effects. Modern pharmacological investigations have uncovered sophoridine's multiple wide range biological activities, such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-arrhythmia, and analgesic functions, among others. These pharmacological activities and beneficial effects point to sophoridine as a strong potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of various diseases, including several cancer types, hepatitis B virus, enterovirus 71, coxsackievirus B3, cerebral edema, cancer pain, heart failure, acute myocardial ischemia, arrhythmia, inflammation, acute lung injury, and osteoporosis. The data showed that sophoridine had adverse reactions, including hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity. Additionally, analyses of sophoridine's safety, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetic parameters in animal models of research have been limited, especially in the clinic, as have been investigations on its structure-activity relationship. In this article, we comprehensively summarize the biological activities, toxicity, and pharmacokinetic characteristics of sophoridine and its derivatives, as currently reported in publications, as we attempt to provide an overall perspective on sophoridine analogs and the prospects of its application clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China.,School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610083, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Baojun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China
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14
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Souri M, Chiani M, Farhangi A, Mehrabi MR, Nourouzian D, Raahemifar K, Soltani M. Anti-COVID-19 Nanomaterials: Directions to Improve Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:783. [PMID: 35269270 PMCID: PMC8912597 DOI: 10.3390/nano12050783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Following the announcement of the outbreak of COVID-19 by the World Health Organization, unprecedented efforts were made by researchers around the world to combat the disease. So far, various methods have been developed to combat this "virus" nano enemy, in close collaboration with the clinical and scientific communities. Nanotechnology based on modifiable engineering materials and useful physicochemical properties has demonstrated several methods in the fight against SARS-CoV-2. Here, based on what has been clarified so far from the life cycle of SARS-CoV-2, through an interdisciplinary perspective based on computational science, engineering, pharmacology, medicine, biology, and virology, the role of nano-tools in the trio of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment is highlighted. The special properties of different nanomaterials have led to their widespread use in the development of personal protective equipment, anti-viral nano-coats, and disinfectants in the fight against SARS-CoV-2 out-body. The development of nano-based vaccines acts as a strong shield in-body. In addition, fast detection with high efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 by nanomaterial-based point-of-care devices is another nanotechnology capability. Finally, nanotechnology can play an effective role as an agents carrier, such as agents for blocking angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, gene editing agents, and therapeutic agents. As a general conclusion, it can be said that nanoparticles can be widely used in disinfection applications outside in vivo. However, in in vivo applications, although it has provided promising results, it still needs to be evaluated for possible unintended immunotoxicity. Reviews like these can be important documents for future unwanted pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Souri
- Department of NanoBiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran; (M.S.); (M.C.); (A.F.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19967-15433, Iran
| | - Mohsen Chiani
- Department of NanoBiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran; (M.S.); (M.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Ali Farhangi
- Department of NanoBiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran; (M.S.); (M.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Mohammad Reza Mehrabi
- Department of NanoBiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran; (M.S.); (M.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Dariush Nourouzian
- Department of NanoBiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran; (M.S.); (M.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Kaamran Raahemifar
- Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Program, College of Information Sciences and Technology (IST), Penn State University, State College, PA 16801, USA;
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - M. Soltani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 19967-15433, Iran
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CBB), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Advanced Bioengineering Initiative Center, Multidisciplinary International Complex, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 14176-14411, Iran
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15
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Li Z, Kong D, Liu Y, Li M. Pharmacological perspectives and molecular mechanisms of coumarin derivatives against virus disease. Genes Dis 2022; 9:80-94. [PMID: 35005109 PMCID: PMC8720699 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by viruses are one of the foremost causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Although a number of antiviral drugs are currently used for treatment of various kinds of viral infection diseases, there is still no available therapeutic agent for most of the viruses in clinical practice. Coumarin is a chemical compound which is found naturally in a variety of plants, it can also be synthetically produced possessing diverse biological effects. More recently, reports have highlighted the potential role of coumarin derivatives as antiviral agents. This review outlines the advances in coumarin-based compounds against various viruses including human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis virus, herpes simplex virus, Chikungunya virus and Enterovirus 71, as well as the structure activity relationship and the possible mechanism of action of the most potent coumarin derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhoupeng Li
- Department of Pharmacology & Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medical of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710032, PR China
| | - Dehui Kong
- School of Nursing, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Yongsheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology & Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medical of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710032, PR China
| | - Mingkai Li
- Department of Pharmacology & Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medical of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710032, PR China
- Precision Pharmacy & Drug Development Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710032, PR China
- Corresponding author. Department of Pharmacology & Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medical of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi Province 710032, PR China.
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16
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Martínez-Esquivias F, Guzmán-Flores JM, Pérez-Larios A, González Silva N, Becerra-Ruiz JS. A Review of the Antimicrobial Activity of Selenium Nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 21:5383-5398. [PMID: 33980348 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2021.19471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance has become a severe problem for health systems worldwide, and counteractions are challenging because of the lack of interest of pharmaceutical companies in generating new and effective antimicrobial drugs. Selenium nanoparticles have attracted considerable interest in treating bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses of clinical importance due to their high therapeutic efficacy and almost zero generation of adverse effects. Some studies have revealed that the antimicrobial activity of these nanoparticles is due to the generation of reactive oxygen species, but more studies are needed to clarify their antimicrobial mechanisms. Other studies show that their antimicrobial activity is increased when the surface of the nanoparticles is functionalized with some biomolecules or when their surface carries a specific drug. This review addresses the existing background on the antimicrobial potential offered by selenium nanoparticles against viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites of clinical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Martínez-Esquivias
- Instituto de Investigación en Biociencias, Centro Universitario de Los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jalisco, 47600, México
| | - Juan Manuel Guzmán-Flores
- Instituto de Investigación en Biociencias, Centro Universitario de Los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jalisco, 47600, México
| | - Alejandro Pérez-Larios
- Laboratorio de Materiales, Agua y Energía, Centro Universitario de Los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jalisco, 47600, México
| | - Napoleón González Silva
- Laboratorio de Materiales, Agua y Energía, Centro Universitario de Los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jalisco, 47600, México
| | - Julieta Saraí Becerra-Ruiz
- Instituto de Investigación en Biociencias, Centro Universitario de Los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jalisco, 47600, México
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17
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Inhibition of enterovirus 71 infection by polysaccharides extracted from Picochlorum sp. 122 via the AKT and ATM/ATR signaling pathways. Arch Virol 2021; 166:3269-3274. [PMID: 34536128 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-021-05229-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) poses a major threat to public health globally due to severe and even fatal hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). However, no effective antiviral agents are available to treat HFMD caused by this virus. Polysaccharides have been shown to exhibit antiviral activity, and polysaccharides extracted from Picochlorum sp. 122 (PPE) could potentially be used to treat HFMD, but reports on their antiviral activity are limited. In this study, the antiviral activity of PPE against EV71 was verified in Vero cells. PPE was shown to limit EV71 infection, as demonstrated using an MTT assay and by observing the cellular cytopathic effect. In addition, a decrease in VP1 RNA and protein levels indicated that PPE effectively inhibits proliferation of EV71 in Vero cells. An annexin V affinity assay also indicated that PPE protects host cells from apoptosis through the AKT and ATM/ATR signalling pathways. These results demonstrate that PPE has potential as an antiviral drug to treat HFMD caused by EV71.
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Tammam SN, El Safy S, Ramadan S, Arjune S, Krakor E, Mathur S. Repurpose but also (nano)-reformulate! The potential role of nanomedicine in the battle against SARS-CoV2. J Control Release 2021; 337:258-284. [PMID: 34293319 PMCID: PMC8289726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) has taken the world by surprise. To date, a worldwide approved treatment remains lacking and hence in the context of rapid viral spread and the growing need for rapid action, drug repurposing has emerged as one of the frontline strategies in the battle against SARS-CoV2. Repurposed drugs currently being evaluated against COVID-19 either tackle the replication and spread of SARS-CoV2 or they aim at controlling hyper-inflammation and the rampaged immune response in severe disease. In both cases, the target for such drugs resides in the lungs, at least during the period where treatment could still provide substantial clinical benefit to the patient. Yet, most of these drugs are administered systemically, questioning the percentage of administered drug that actually reaches the lung and as a consequence, the distribution of the remainder of the dose to off target sites. Inhalation therapy should allow higher concentrations of the drug in the lungs and lower concentrations systemically, hence providing a stronger, more localized action, with reduced adverse effects. Therefore, the nano-reformulation of the repurposed drugs for inhalation is a promising approach for targeted drug delivery to lungs. In this review, we critically analyze, what nanomedicine could and ought to do in the battle against SARS-CoV2. We start by a brief description of SARS-CoV2 structure and pathogenicity and move on to discuss the current limitations of repurposed antiviral and immune-modulating drugs that are being clinically investigated against COVID-19. This account focuses on how nanomedicine could address limitations of current therapeutics, enhancing the efficacy, specificity and safety of such drugs. With the appearance of new variants of SARS-CoV2 and the potential implication on the efficacy of vaccines and diagnostics, the presence of an effective therapeutic solution is inevitable and could be potentially achieved via nano-reformulation. The presence of an inhaled nano-platform capable of delivering antiviral or immunomodulatory drugs should be available as part of the repertoire in the fight against current and future outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma N. Tammam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo (GUC), 11835 Cairo, Egypt,Corresponding author
| | - Sara El Safy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo (GUC), 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shahenda Ramadan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo (GUC), 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sita Arjune
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eva Krakor
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, , University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sanjay Mathur
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, , University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
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Hasanzadeh A, Alamdaran M, Ahmadi S, Nourizadeh H, Bagherzadeh MA, Mofazzal Jahromi MA, Simon P, Karimi M, Hamblin MR. Nanotechnology against COVID-19: Immunization, diagnostic and therapeutic studies. J Control Release 2021; 336:354-374. [PMID: 34175366 PMCID: PMC8226031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in early 2020 soon led to the global pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Since then, the clinical and scientific communities have been closely collaborating to develop effective strategies for controlling the ongoing pandemic. The game-changing fields of recent years, nanotechnology and nanomedicine have the potential to not only design new approaches, but also to improve existing methods for the fight against COVID-19. Nanomaterials can be used in the development of highly efficient, reusable personal protective equipment, and antiviral nano-coatings in public settings could prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Smart nanocarriers have accelerated the design of several therapeutic, prophylactic, or immune-mediated approaches against COVID-19. Some nanovaccines have even entered Phase IΙ/IIΙ clinical trials. Several rapid and cost-effective COVID-19 diagnostic techniques have also been devised based on nanobiosensors, lab-on-a-chip systems, or nanopore technology. Here, we provide an overview of the emerging role of nanotechnology in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Hasanzadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Alamdaran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Ahmadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Helena Nourizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Aref Bagherzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Mirza Ali Mofazzal Jahromi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran; Department of Advanced Medical Sciences & Technologies, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran; Research Center for Noncommunicable Diseases, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Perikles Simon
- Department of Sport Medicine, Disease Prevention and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Social Science, Media and Sport, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mahdi Karimi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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20
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Maduray K, Parboosing R. Metal Nanoparticles: a Promising Treatment for Viral and Arboviral Infections. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:3159-3176. [PMID: 33029761 PMCID: PMC7540915 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02414-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Globally, viral diseases continue to pose a significant threat to public health. Recent outbreaks, such as influenza, coronavirus, Ebola, and dengue, have emphasized the urgent need for new antiviral therapeutics. Considerable efforts have focused on developing metal nanoparticles for the treatment of several pathogenic viruses. As a result of these efforts, metal nanoparticles are demonstrating promising antiviral activity against pathogenic surrogates and clinical isolates. This review summarizes the application of metal nanoparticles for the treatment of viral infections. It provides information on synthesis methods, size-related properties, nano-bio-interaction, and immunological effects of metal nanoparticles. This article also addresses critical criteria and considerations for developing clinically translatable nanosized metal particles to treat viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaminee Maduray
- Department of Virology, University of KwaZulu-Natal/National Health Laboratory Service, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Raveen Parboosing
- Department of Virology, University of KwaZulu-Natal/National Health Laboratory Service, Durban, South Africa
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21
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Ferro C, Florindo HF, Santos HA. Selenium Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications: From Development and Characterization to Therapeutics. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100598. [PMID: 34121366 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential element to human health that can be obtained in nature through several sources. In the human body, it is incorporated into selenocysteine, an amino acid used to synthesize several selenoproteins, which have an active center usually dependent on the presence of Se. Although Se shows several beneficial properties in human health, it has also a narrow therapeutic window, and therefore the excessive intake of inorganic and organic Se-based compounds often leads to toxicity. Nanoparticles based on Se (SeNPs) are less toxic than inorganic and organic Se. They are both biocompatible and capable of effectively delivering combinations of payloads to specific cells following their functionalization with active targeting ligands. Herein, the main origin of Se intake, its role on the human body, and its primary biomedical applications are revised. Particular focus will be given to the main therapeutic targets that are explored for SeNPs in cancer therapies, discussing the different functionalization methodologies used to improve SeNPs stability, while enabling the extensive delivery of drug-loaded SeNP to tumor sites, thus avoiding off-target effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudio Ferro
- Drug Research Program Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Helsinki Helsinki FI‐00014 Finland
- Research Institute for Medicines iMed.ULisboa Faculty of Pharmacy Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon 1649‐003 Portugal
| | - Helena F. Florindo
- Research Institute for Medicines iMed.ULisboa Faculty of Pharmacy Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon 1649‐003 Portugal
| | - Hélder A. Santos
- Drug Research Program Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Helsinki Helsinki FI‐00014 Finland
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE) University of Helsinki Helsinki FI‐00014 Finland
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22
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Lin W, Zhang J, Xu JF, Pi J. The Advancing of Selenium Nanoparticles Against Infectious Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:682284. [PMID: 34393776 PMCID: PMC8361478 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.682284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases, caused by the direct exposure of cellular or acellular pathogens, are found to be closely associated with multiple inflammation and immune responses, keeping one of the top threats to human health. As an indispensable trace element, Selenium (Se) plays important roles in antioxidant defence and redox state regulation along with a variety of specific metabolic pathways. In recent decades, with the development of novel nanotechnology, Selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) emerged as a promising agent for biomedical uses due to their low toxicity, degradability and high bioavailability. Taking the advantages of the strong ability to trigger apoptosis or autophagy by regulating reactive oxygen species (ROS), Se NPs have been widely used for direct anticancer treatments and pathogen killing/clearance in host cells. With excellent stability and drug encapsulation capacity, Se NPs are now serving as a kind of powerful nano-carriers for anti-cancer, anti-inflammation and anti-infection treatments. Notably, Se NPs are also found to play critical roles in immunity regulations, such as macrophage and T effector cell activation, which thus provides new possibilities to achieve novel nano-immune synergetic strategy for anti-cancer and anti-infection therapies. In this review, we summarized the progress of preparation methods for Se NPs, followed by the advances of their biological functions and mechanisms for biomedical uses, especially in the field of anti-infection treatments. Moreover, we further provide some prospects of Se NPs in anti-infectious diseases, which would be helpful for facilitating their future research progress for anti-infection therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensen Lin
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Junai Zhang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jun-Fa Xu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jiang Pi
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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23
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Chen R, Wang T, Song J, Pu D, He D, Li J, Yang J, Li K, Zhong C, Zhang J. Antiviral Drug Delivery System for Enhanced Bioactivity, Better Metabolism and Pharmacokinetic Characteristics. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:4959-4984. [PMID: 34326637 PMCID: PMC8315226 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s315705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Antiviral drugs (AvDs) are the primary resource in the global battle against viruses, including the recent fight against corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Most AvDs require multiple medications, and their use frequently leads to drug resistance, since they have poor oral bioavailability and low efficacy due to their low solubility/low permeability. Characterizing the in vivo metabolism and pharmacokinetic characteristics of AvDs may help to solve the problems associated with AvDs and enhance their efficacy. In this review of AvDs, we systematically investigated their structure-based metabolic reactions and related enzymes, their cellular pharmacology, and the effects of metabolism on AvD pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. We further assessed how delivery systems achieve better metabolism and pharmacology of AvDs. This review suggests that suitable nanosystems may help to achieve better pharmacological activity and pharmacokinetic behavior of AvDs by altering drug metabolism through the utilization of advanced nanotechnology and appropriate administration routes. Notably, such AvDs as ribavirin, remdesivir, favipiravir, chloroquine, lopinavir and ritonavir have been confirmed to bind to the severe acute respiratory syndrome-like coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) receptor and thus may represent anti-COVID-19 treatments. Elucidating the metabolic and pharmacokinetic characteristics of AvDs may help pharmacologists to identify new formulations with high bioavailability and efficacy and help physicians to better treat virus-related diseases, including COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Chen
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Experimental Teaching and Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Song
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Daojun Pu
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Southwest Pharmaceutical Limited Company, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan He
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Kailing Li
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Cailing Zhong
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingqing Zhang
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
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24
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Tian J, Zhang Y, Zhu R, Wu Y, Liu X, Wang X. Red elemental selenium (Se 0 ) improves the immunoactivities of EPC cells, crucian carp and zebrafish against spring viraemia of carp virus. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2021; 98:208-218. [PMID: 33000466 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Selenium, as an essential trace element, interferes through selenoproteins in many physiological processes of plants and mammals. Its antiviral activity has recently attracted much attention because selenium improves the antiviral capacity of animal cells against a few viruses relevant to human diseases. In this study, the red elemental selenium was purified from the fermentative culture of Herbaspirillum camelliae WT00C and then used to culture epithelioma papulosum cyprinid (EPC) cells or feed crucian carp and zebrafish. Finally, its antiviral effects were investigated at the cell level and living fishes after spring viraemia of carp virus infection. At the cell level, 5, 10 and 20 μg ml-1 red elemental selenium significantly induced the expression of interferon (IFN) and ISG15 genes in EPC cells. The viral TCID50 (50% tissue culture infective dose) values in the EPC cells incubated with 5, 10 and 20 μg ml-1 red elemental selenium were significantly less than those of the control. More expression of IFN and ISG15 genes and less TCID50 values indicate that red elemental selenium indeed improves the antiviral capability of EPC cells. In the crucian carp fed with the food containing 5 and 10 μg g-1 red elemental selenium, IFN expressions showed 13- and 39-fold increases at the 16th day of post-injection, and its expression was dependent on selenium concentrations. Meanwhile, no fish death occurred in all the experimental groups. In the zebrafish fed with the red worm containing 5 μg g-1 red elemental selenium, IFN and Mx expressions and survival rate were significantly higher than those of the control. The results of this study show that red elemental selenium indeed improves the antiviral activity of fish. The antiviral effects of selenium mainly come from its immune regulation through its incorporation into selenoproteins. The optimum level of selenium contributes to improving fish immunity, whereas excess selenium causes excessive immune and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, The Faculty of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Xianning Central Hospital, Tongji Xianning Hospital, Xianning, China
| | - Rong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, The Faculty of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yeqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, The Faculty of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, The Faculty of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, The Faculty of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
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25
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Xia Y, Tang G, Guo M, Xu T, Chen H, Lin Z, Li Y, Chen Y, Zhu B, Liu H, Cao J. Silencing KLK12 expression via RGDfC-decorated selenium nanoparticles for the treatment of colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 110:110594. [PMID: 32204058 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Short interfering RNA (siRNA) has been investigated as a promising modality of cancer treatment due to its capability to target specific target genes for downregulation. However, the successful application of this strategy depends on producing a safe and effective carrier system for delivering siRNA to the tumor. Thus, investigation of siRNA delivery carriers is a fundamental step in the field of siRNA-based therapeutics. In the current research, the surface of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were modified with the tumor-targeted molecular RGDfC peptide with positive charge to synthetize the biocompatible siRNA carrier RGDfC-SeNPs. Subsequently, KLK12-siRNA was loaded onto the surface of RGDfC-SeNPs to create functionalized nanoparticles (RGDfC-Se@siRNA) that we tested for in vitro and in vivo antitumor efficacy. We measured significantly greater particle uptake in HT-29 colorectal cancer cells relative to HUVECs, providing evidence for the targeted delivery of RGDfC-Se@siRNA. We found that RGDfC-Se@siRNA could enter HT-29 cells primarily via clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Further, these particles experienced faster siRNA release in an acidic microenvironment compared to pH 7.4. The results from quantitative PCR and Western blot assays suggested that the target gene of KLK12 in HT-29 cells were obviously silenced by RGDfC-Se@siRNA. The further biological studies showed that treatment with RGDfC-Se@siRNA had ability to suppress the proliferation and migration/invasion of HT-29 cells, and triggered HT-29 cells apoptosis. RGDfC-Se@siRNA could induce the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) disruption and enhance the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in HT-29 cells, indicating that RGDfC-Se@siRNA induced the HT-29 cells apoptosis possibly by a ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction pathway. Importantly, the in vivo antitumor study also verified that RGDfC-Se@siRNA could significantly suppress the growth of tumor in vivo. In addition, we did not observe any signs of systemic or tissue-specific toxicity after administration of RGDfC-Se@siRNA in mice. As a whole, these findings suggest that RGDfC-Se@siRNA has promising potential as a therapy for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xia
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China; Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Guoyi Tang
- Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Min Guo
- Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Tiantian Xu
- Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Haiyang Chen
- Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Zhengfang Lin
- Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yinghua Li
- Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Bing Zhu
- Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Hongsheng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jie Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China.
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