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Euzen V, Xhaard A, Berreira-Ibraim S, Deville L, Quentin A, Prata PHDEL, Gournay V, Prot M, Rahou Y, Barbet M, Mercier-Delarue S, Tour RPDELA, Simon-Loriere E, Legoff J. Zanamivir and Baloxavir Combination to cure Persistent Influenza and Coronavirus Infections after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2024:107281. [PMID: 39047913 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2024.107281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES . Immunocompromised patients may experience prolonged shedding of influenza virus potentially leading to severe infections. Alternatives to monotherapy with neuraminidase inhibitors should be evaluated to entirely suppress viral replication and prevent drug-resistant mutations. METHODS . We investigated the clinical and virological evolution in a case of persistent influenza A and human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) coinfection in a hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient after different therapeutic strategies. RESULTS . Successive oseltamivir and zanamivir monotherapies failed to control both infections, with positive results persisting for over 110 days each. This led to the emergence of highly resistant oseltamivir strains due to neuraminidase mutations (E119V and R292K) followed by a deletion (del245-248), while maintaining sensitivity to zanamivir. The intra-host viral diversity data showed that the treatments impacted viral diversity of influenza virus, but not of HCoV-OC43. Considering the patient's underlying condition and the impact of prolonged viral shedding on pulmonary function, eradicating the influenza virus was necessary. A 10-day regimen combining zanamivir and baloxavir-marboxil effectively controlled influenza virus replication and was associated with the clearance of HCoV-OC43, finally resulting in comprehensive respiratory recovery. CONCLUSION These observations underscore the importance of further investigating combination treatments as the primary approach to achieve influenza eradication in immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Euzen
- Virology Department, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Louis, F-75010 Paris, France
| | - Aliénor Xhaard
- Hematology Transplantation, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Louis, F-75010 Paris, France
| | - Samar Berreira-Ibraim
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Center for Respiratory Viruses, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Laure Deville
- Pharmacy, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, F-75010 Paris, France
| | - Aude Quentin
- Hematology, Hôpital Jean Jaures, F-75010 Paris, France
| | | | - Viviane Gournay
- Hematology Transplantation, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Louis, F-75010 Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Prot
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, G5 Evolutionary Genomics of RNA Viruses, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Yannis Rahou
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Center for Respiratory Viruses, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Marion Barbet
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Center for Respiratory Viruses, F-75015 Paris, France
| | | | | | - Etienne Simon-Loriere
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Center for Respiratory Viruses, F-75015 Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, G5 Evolutionary Genomics of RNA Viruses, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Legoff
- Virology Department, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Louis, F-75010 Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Inserm U976, Insight team, F-75010 Paris, France.
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2
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Liu QR, Duan DF, Yan W, Zhang HY, Ding XL, Wang SB, Tang XR, Ao XL, Chen XL, Cao JY, Zhang RP, Hou B. LC/MS-guided isolation and GNPS procedures to identify flavonoid of HCoV-OC43 inhibitors. Fitoterapia 2024; 177:106077. [PMID: 38906387 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
The screening of based target compounds supported by LC/MS, MS/MS and Global Natural Products Social (GNPS) used to identify the compounds 1-10 of Butea monsperma. They were evaluated in human malignant embryonic rhabdomyoma cells (RD cells) infected with Human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) and showed significant inhibitory activity. Target inhibition tests showed that compounds 6 and 8 inhibited the proteolytic enzyme 3CLpro, which is widely present in coronavirus and plays an important role in the replication process, with an effective IC50 value. The study confirmed that dioxymethylene of compound 8 may be a key active fragment in inhibiting coronavirus (EC50 7.2 μM, SI > 139.1). The results have led to identifying natural bioactive compounds for possible inhibiting HCoV-OC43 and developing drug for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Ru Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Ding-Fu Duan
- Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan 430200, China; State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China
| | - Wei Yan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Hai-Ying Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Xiao-Lin Ding
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Shu-Bing Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Xiao-Rui Tang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Xuan-Li Ao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Xing-Long Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Jun-Yuan Cao
- Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory, Wuhan 430200, China; State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China.
| | - Rong-Ping Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, PR China.
| | - Bo Hou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicine Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, PR China.
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3
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Outteridge M, Nunn CM, Devine K, Patel B, McLean GR. Antivirals for Broader Coverage against Human Coronaviruses. Viruses 2024; 16:156. [PMID: 38275966 PMCID: PMC10820748 DOI: 10.3390/v16010156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are enveloped positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a genome that is 27-31 kbases in length. Critical genes include the spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), nucleocapsid (N) and nine accessory open reading frames encoding for non-structural proteins (NSPs) that have multiple roles in the replication cycle and immune evasion (1). There are seven known human CoVs that most likely appeared after zoonotic transfer, the most recent being SARS-CoV-2, responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. Antivirals that have been approved by the FDA for use against COVID-19 such as Paxlovid can target and successfully inhibit the main protease (MPro) activity of multiple human CoVs; however, alternative proteomes encoded by CoV genomes have a closer genetic similarity to each other, suggesting that antivirals could be developed now that target future CoVs. New zoonotic introductions of CoVs to humans are inevitable and unpredictable. Therefore, new antivirals are required to control not only the next human CoV outbreak but also the four common human CoVs (229E, OC43, NL63, HKU1) that circulate frequently and to contain sporadic outbreaks of the severe human CoVs (SARS-CoV, MERS and SARS-CoV-2). The current study found that emerging antiviral drugs, such as Paxlovid, could target other CoVs, but only SARS-CoV-2 is known to be targeted in vivo. Other drugs which have the potential to target other human CoVs are still within clinical trials and are not yet available for public use. Monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment and vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 can reduce mortality and hospitalisation rates; however, they target the Spike protein whose sequence mutates frequently and drifts. Spike is also not applicable for targeting other HCoVs as these are not well-conserved sequences among human CoVs. Thus, there is a need for readily available treatments globally that target all seven human CoVs and improve the preparedness for inevitable future outbreaks. Here, we discuss antiviral research, contributing to the control of common and severe CoV replication and transmission, including the current SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. The aim was to identify common features of CoVs for antivirals, biologics and vaccines that could reduce the scientific, political, economic and public health strain caused by CoV outbreaks now and in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Outteridge
- School of Human Sciences, London Metropolitan University, London N7 8DB, UK; (M.O.); (C.M.N.); (K.D.); (B.P.)
| | - Christine M. Nunn
- School of Human Sciences, London Metropolitan University, London N7 8DB, UK; (M.O.); (C.M.N.); (K.D.); (B.P.)
| | - Kevin Devine
- School of Human Sciences, London Metropolitan University, London N7 8DB, UK; (M.O.); (C.M.N.); (K.D.); (B.P.)
| | - Bhaven Patel
- School of Human Sciences, London Metropolitan University, London N7 8DB, UK; (M.O.); (C.M.N.); (K.D.); (B.P.)
| | - Gary R. McLean
- School of Human Sciences, London Metropolitan University, London N7 8DB, UK; (M.O.); (C.M.N.); (K.D.); (B.P.)
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
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4
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He H, Li X, Wang Y, Zhang C, Yu H, Li D, Li X, Jiang Z, Sun J, Zhai X. Transmission of HCoV-OC43 to pet hamsters. Microb Pathog 2023; 185:106364. [PMID: 37788727 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a significant group of pathogens that pose a serious threat to both human and animal health, with some being zoonotic and displaying frequent cross-species transmission. Human CoV-OC43 (HCoV-OC43) is one of the four common human CoVs that can cause seasonal mild to moderate respiratory diseases in humans. In this study, we identified HCoV-OC43 for the first time in two asymptomatic pet hamsters, which share a high similarity with the human-derived HCoV-OC43 strain, suggesting potential cross-species transmission of HCoV-OC43 to pet hamsters. The finding emphasizes the need to strengthen pathogen monitoring of livestock and pets in close contact with humans to provide early warning of public safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijian He
- Agricultural College, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, 320017, China.
| | - Xiaoling Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Haijie Yu
- School of Modern Agriculture, Jiaxing Vocational & Technical College, Jiaxing, 314036, China
| | - Dongyan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhiwen Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiumeng Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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5
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Tambe LAM, Mathobo P, Munzhedzi M, Bessong PO, Mavhandu-Ramarumo LG. Prevalence and Molecular Epidemiology of Human Coronaviruses in Africa Prior to the SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak: A Systematic Review. Viruses 2023; 15:2146. [PMID: 38005824 PMCID: PMC10675249 DOI: 10.3390/v15112146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronaviruses, re-emerging in human populations, cause mild or severe acute respiratory diseases, and occasionally epidemics. This study systematically reviewed human coronavirus (HCoVs) infections in Africa prior to the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Forty studies on the prevalence or molecular epidemiology of HCoVs were available from 13/54 African countries (24%). The first published data on HCoV was from South Africa in 2008. Eight studies (20%) reported on HCoV molecular epidemiology. Endemic HCoV prevalence ranged from 0.0% to 18.2%. The prevalence of zoonotic MERS-CoV ranged from 0.0% to 83.5%. Two studies investigated SARS-CoV infection, for which a prevalence of 0.0% was reported. There was heterogeneity in the type of tests used in determining HCoV prevalence. Two studies reported that risk factors for HCoV include exposure to infected animals or humans. The quantity of virologic investigations on HCoV on the African continent was scant, and Africa was not prepared for SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Arrah Mbang Tambe
- HIV/AIDS & Global Health Research Programme, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa; (L.A.M.T.); (P.M.); (M.M.); (P.O.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Phindulo Mathobo
- HIV/AIDS & Global Health Research Programme, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa; (L.A.M.T.); (P.M.); (M.M.); (P.O.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Mukhethwa Munzhedzi
- HIV/AIDS & Global Health Research Programme, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa; (L.A.M.T.); (P.M.); (M.M.); (P.O.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Pascal Obong Bessong
- HIV/AIDS & Global Health Research Programme, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa; (L.A.M.T.); (P.M.); (M.M.); (P.O.B.)
- Centre for Global Health Equity, School of Medicine, 1400 University Ave, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Lufuno Grace Mavhandu-Ramarumo
- HIV/AIDS & Global Health Research Programme, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa; (L.A.M.T.); (P.M.); (M.M.); (P.O.B.)
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6
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Piacentini S, Riccio A, Santopolo S, Pauciullo S, La Frazia S, Rossi A, Rossignol JF, Santoro MG. The FDA-approved drug nitazoxanide is a potent inhibitor of human seasonal coronaviruses acting at postentry level: effect on the viral spike glycoprotein. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1206951. [PMID: 37705731 PMCID: PMC10497118 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1206951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronaviridae is recognized as one of the most rapidly evolving virus family as a consequence of the high genomic nucleotide substitution rates and recombination. The family comprises a large number of enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses, causing an array of diseases of varying severity in animals and humans. To date, seven human coronaviruses (HCoV) have been identified, namely HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-HKU1, which are globally circulating in the human population (seasonal HCoV, sHCoV), and the highly pathogenic SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. Seasonal HCoV are estimated to contribute to 15-30% of common cold cases in humans; although diseases are generally self-limiting, sHCoV can sometimes cause severe lower respiratory infections and life-threatening diseases in a subset of patients. No specific treatment is presently available for sHCoV infections. Herein we show that the anti-infective drug nitazoxanide has a potent antiviral activity against three human endemic coronaviruses, the Alpha-coronaviruses HCoV-229E and HCoV-NL63, and the Beta-coronavirus HCoV-OC43 in cell culture with IC50 ranging between 0.05 and 0.15 μg/mL and high selectivity indexes. We found that nitazoxanide does not affect HCoV adsorption, entry or uncoating, but acts at postentry level and interferes with the spike glycoprotein maturation, hampering its terminal glycosylation at an endoglycosidase H-sensitive stage. Altogether the results indicate that nitazoxanide, due to its broad-spectrum anti-coronavirus activity, may represent a readily available useful tool in the treatment of seasonal coronavirus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Piacentini
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Riccio
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Santopolo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Pauciullo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone La Frazia
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Rossi
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, CNR, Rome, Italy
| | | | - M. Gabriella Santoro
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, CNR, Rome, Italy
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7
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Wang HC, Wang YC, Wu CJ. Phylogenetic characteristics of Non-SARS human coronavirus in southern Taiwan, 2012-2013. Biomed J 2023; 46:100555. [PMID: 35964939 PMCID: PMC9367205 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study characterizes the phylogenetic relatedness of non-SARS human coronaviruses (HCoVs) in southern Taiwan by sequencing the nucleocapsid (N), spike (S), and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) genes directly from ten HCoV PCR-positive respiratory samples collected during 2012-2013. In the N, S1, and RdRp phylogeny, HCoV-OC43 in one and three samples was clustered with genotypes F and G, respectively, and HCoV-OC43 in sample YC101/TWN/2013 represented a recombination event between genotypes F and G. Amino acid substitutions in the S1 protein of HCoV-OC43 were also identified. In the N phylogeny, HCoV-HKU1 in one and two samples clustered with genotypes A and B, respectively, and HCoV-229E in two samples was clustered with genogroup 6. The genotypes and genogroup detected here were in line with the prevalent phylogenetic lineages reported outside of Taiwan during the contemporary period. In summary, three species of non-SARS HCoVs with different genotypes cocirculated in the community, with genetic evolution observed in HCoV-OC43.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Chen Wang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Wang
- Center for Genomic Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Jung Wu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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8
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Harrison CM, Doster JM, Landwehr EH, Kumar NP, White EJ, Beachboard DC, Stobart CC. Evaluating the Virology and Evolution of Seasonal Human Coronaviruses Associated with the Common Cold in the COVID-19 Era. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020445. [PMID: 36838410 PMCID: PMC9961755 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 15-30% of all cases of the common cold are due to human coronavirus infections. More recently, the emergence of the more severe respiratory coronaviruses, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, have highlighted the increased pathogenic potential of emergent coronaviruses. Lastly, the current emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has demonstrated not only the potential for significant disease caused by emerging coronaviruses, but also the capacity of novel coronaviruses to promote pandemic spread. Largely driven by the global response to the COVID-19 pandemic, significant research in coronavirus biology has led to advances in our understanding of these viruses. In this review, we evaluate the virology, emergence, and evolution of the four endemic coronaviruses associated with the common cold, their relationship to pandemic SARS-CoV-2, and discuss the potential for future emergent human coronaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron M. Harrison
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA
| | - Jayden M. Doster
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA
| | - Emily H. Landwehr
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA
| | - Nidhi P. Kumar
- Department of Biology, DeSales University, Central Valley, PA 18034, USA
| | - Ethan J. White
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA
| | - Dia C. Beachboard
- Department of Biology, DeSales University, Central Valley, PA 18034, USA
| | - Christopher C. Stobart
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA
- Correspondence:
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9
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Shao N, Zhang C, Dong J, Sun L, Chen X, Xie Z, Xu B, An S, Zhang T, Yang F. Molecular evolution of human coronavirus-NL63, -229E, -HKU1 and -OC43 in hospitalized children in China. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1023847. [PMID: 36406425 PMCID: PMC9666422 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1023847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) HCoV-NL63, HCoV-229E, HCoV-HKU1 and HCoV-OC43 have been circulated in the human population worldwide, and they are associated with a broad range of respiratory diseases with varying severity. However, there are neither effective therapeutic drugs nor licensed vaccines available for the treatment and prevention of infections by the four HCoVs. In this study, we collected nasopharyngeal aspirates of children hospitalized for respiratory tract infection in China during 2014-2018 and conducted next-generation sequencing. Sequences of four HCoVs were then selected for an in-depth analysis. Genome sequences of 2 HCoV-NL63, 8 HCoV-229E, 2 HCoV-HKU1, and 6 HCoV-OC43 were obtained. Based on the full-length S gene, a strong temporal signal was found in HCoV-229E and the molecular evolutionary rate was 6 × 10-4 substitutions/site/year. Based on the maximum-likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree of complete S gene, we designated H78 as a new sub-genotype C2 of HCoV-HKU1, and the obtained P43 sequence was grouped into the reported novel genotype K of HCoV-OC43 circulating in Guangzhou, China. Based on the complete genome, potential recombination events were found to occur as two phenomena, namely intraspecies and interspecies. Moreover, we observed two amino acid substitutions in the S1 subunit of obtained HCoV-NL63 (G534V) and HCoV-HKU1 (H512R), while residues 534 and 512 are important for the binding of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and neutralizing antibodies, respectively. Our findings might provide a clue for the molecular evolution of the four HCoVs and help in the early diagnosis, treatment and prevention of broad-spectrum HCoV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Shao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Dong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lilian Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangpeng Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengde Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Baoping Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Respiratory department, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Shuhua An
- Hebei Province Children’s Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Ting Zhang,
| | - Fan Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,Fan Yang,
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10
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Chen X, Zhu Y, Li Q, Lu G, Li C, Jin R, Li L, Xu B, Gao L, Yin J, Xie Z. Genetic characteristics of human coronavirus HKU1 in mainland China during 2018. Arch Virol 2022; 167:2173-2180. [PMID: 35840864 PMCID: PMC9287133 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-022-05541-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Human coronavirus HKU1 (HCoV-HKU1) is a pathogen that causes acute respiratory tract infections in children and circulates worldwide. To investigate the molecular characteristics and genetic diversity of HCoV-HKU1 in China, a molecular epidemiological analysis based on complete genome sequences was performed. A total of 68 endemic-HCoV-positive samples were identified from 1358 enrolled patients during 2018, including four HCoV-229E, nine HCoV-OC43, 24 HCoV-NL63, and 31 HCoV-HKU1. The detection rate of endemic HCoVs was 5.01% during 2018, while for HCoV-HKU1, it was 2.28%. Eight complete genomic sequences of HCoV-HKU1 were obtained and compared to 41 reference genome sequences corresponding to genotypes A, B, and C, obtained from the GenBank databank. Of the eight HKU1 sequences, four belonged to genotype A and four belonged to genotype B. No genotype C strains were detected in this study. For genotype A, 18 variations in the S protein with respect to the reference sequence were present in more than 5% of the sequences, whereas for genotype B, this number was 25. Most of the amino acid changes occurred in the S1 subunit. No amino acid substitutions were found in the sites that are essential for interaction with neutralizing antibodies, while a 510T amino acid insertion was found in almost one third of genotype B sequences. About 82-83, 85-89, and 88-89 predicted N-glycosylation sites and 7-13, 6-8, and 9 predicted O-glycosylation sites were found among the sequences of genotype A, B, and C, respectively. Six conserved O-glycosylation sites were present in all of the genotype A sequences. Only genotype A and B strains were detected after 2005. The S protein exhibited relatively high diversity, with most of the amino acid changes occurring in the S1 subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangpeng Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Qi Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Gen Lu
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Changchong Li
- The 2nd Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Rong Jin
- Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Guiyang, 550003, China
| | - Lei Li
- Yinchuan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Yinchuan, 750001, China
| | - Baoping Xu
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 10045, China
| | - Liwei Gao
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 10045, China
| | - Ju Yin
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 10045, China
| | - Zhengde Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China.
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Chen Y, Wang X, Shi H, Zou P. Montelukast Inhibits HCoV-OC43 Infection as a Viral Inactivator. Viruses 2022; 14:v14050861. [PMID: 35632604 PMCID: PMC9143845 DOI: 10.3390/v14050861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronaviruses (CoVs) consist of a large group of RNA viruses causing various diseases in humans and in lots of animals. Human coronavirus (HCoV) OC43, the prototype of beta-coronavirus discovered in the 1960s, has been circulating in humans for long time, and infection with other emerging strains of beta-coronavirus (SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and MERS-CoV) can lead to severe illness and death. In this study, we found that montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, potently inhibited the infection of HCoV-OC43 in distinct cells in a dose- and time- dependent manner. Additionally, the results showed that montelukast induced release of HCoV-OC43 genomic RNA by disrupting the integrity of the viral lipid membrane, and irreversibly inhibited viral infection. Considering the similarity among HCoV-OC43, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2, it suggests that montelukast may be a potential candidate for the treatment of human beta-coronavirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Peng Zou
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-21-3799-0333 (ext. 5273)
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