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Hoepler WP, Weidner L, Traugott MT, Neuhold S, Meyer EL, Zoufaly A, Seitz T, Kitzberger R, Baumgartner S, Pawelka E, Karolyi M, Grieb A, Hind J, Laferl H, Friese E, Wenisch C, Aberle SW, Aberle JH, Weseslindtner L, Jungbauer C. Adjunctive treatment with high-titre convalescent plasma in severely and critically ill COVID-19 patients - a safe but futile intervention. A comparative cohort study. Infect Dis (Lond) 2021; 53:820-829. [PMID: 34128763 PMCID: PMC8220442 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2021.1940271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Convalescent plasma (CP) containing antibodies derived from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors has been proposed as a promising therapeutic option for severe COVID-19. Methods In our intensive care unit (ICU), 55 patients (46 male, median age 61 years) with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 (35 = 63.6% on mechanical ventilation, 7 = 14.5% on high-flow nasal oxygen, 12 = 20% on non-invasive ventilation, 1 = 1.8% without respiratory support) were treated with high-titre CP (200 mL per dose, range 1–6 doses, median 3 doses per patient, minimum titre > 1:100, Wantai test). 139 COVID-19 patients treated in the same ICU who did not receive CP served as control group. In 27 patients, the effect of CP on the individual levels of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies was assessed by ELISA in serum sample pairs collected before and after CP transfusion. Results The first CP dose was administered at a median of 8 days after symptom onset. 13 patients in the plasma cohort died (28-day mortality 24.1%), compared to 42 (30.2%) in the cohort who did not receive CP (p = 0.5, Pearson Chi-squared test). Out of the 27 individuals investigated for the presence of IgG antibodies, 8 did not have detectable IgG levels before the first CP transfusion. In this subpopulation, 3 patients (37.5%) died. Not a single confirmed adverse reaction to CP was noted. Conclusions While adjunctive treatment with CP for severe and life-threatening COVID-19 was a very safe intervention, we did not observe any effect on mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Paul Hoepler
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Klinik Favoriten, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Weidner
- Austrian Red Cross, Blood Service for Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Stephanie Neuhold
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Klinik Favoriten, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elias Laurin Meyer
- Section for Medical Statistics, Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Zoufaly
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Klinik Favoriten, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Sigmund Freud Privatuniversität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tamara Seitz
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Klinik Favoriten, Vienna, Austria
| | - Reinhard Kitzberger
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Klinik Favoriten, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sebastian Baumgartner
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Klinik Favoriten, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erich Pawelka
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Klinik Favoriten, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mario Karolyi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Klinik Favoriten, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Grieb
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sigmund Freud Privatuniversität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julian Hind
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Klinik Favoriten, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hermann Laferl
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Klinik Favoriten, Vienna, Austria
| | - Emanuela Friese
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Klinik Favoriten, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Wenisch
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Klinik Favoriten, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Christoph Jungbauer
- Austrian Red Cross, Blood Service for Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland, Vienna, Austria
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da Silva RP, Gonçalves JIB, Zanin RF, Schuch FB, de Souza APD. Circulating Type I Interferon Levels and COVID-19 Severity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:657363. [PMID: 34054820 PMCID: PMC8149905 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.657363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations and outcomes. Laboratory and immunological alterations have been considered as potential markers of disease severity and clinical evolution. Type I interferons (IFN-I), mainly represented by IFN-α and β, are a group of cytokines with an important function in antiviral responses and have played a complex role in COVID-19. Some studies have demonstrated that IFN-I levels and interferon response is elevated in mild cases, while other studies have noted this in severe cases. The involvement of IFN-I on the pathogenesis and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection remains unclear. In this study, we summarize the available evidence of the association of plasma protein levels of type I IFN with the severity of COVID-19. Methods The PRISMA checklist guided the reporting of the data. A systematic search of the MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, and Web of Science databases was performed up to March of 2021, looking for articles that evaluated plasma protein levels of IFN-I in mild, severe, or critical COVID-19 patients. Comparative meta-analyses with random effects were performed to compare the standardized mean differences in plasma protein levels of IFN-I of mild versus severe and mild versus critical patients. Meta-regressions were performed to test the moderating role of age, sex, time that the IFN-I was measured, and limit of detection of the assay used in the difference between the means. Results There was no significant difference in plasma levels of IFN-α when comparing between mild and severe patients (SMD = -0.236, 95% CI -0.645 to 0.173, p = 0.258, I2 = 82.11), nor when comparing between patients mild and critical (SMD = 0.203, 95% CI -0.363 to 0.770, p = 0.481, I2 = 64.06). However, there was a significant difference between healthy individuals and patients with mild disease (SMD = 0.447, 95% CI 0.085 to 0.810, p = 0.016, I2 = 62.89). Conclusions Peripheral IFN-α cannot be used as a severity marker as it does not determine the clinical status presented by COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Pires da Silva
- Biomedical Graduate Course, School of Health and Life Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - João Ismael Budelon Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, School of Health and Life Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Felipe Barreto Schuch
- Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Duarte de Souza
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, School of Health and Life Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Liu H, Ruan Z, Yin Z, Wu D, Zhu H. Association of administration of IFN-α with mortality among patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019. Future Virol 2021. [PMCID: PMC7931619 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2020-0404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Recent studies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have not offered sufficient clinical evidence to support whether IFN-α can decrease the mortality of patients with COVID-19. Method: In this retrospective study, 103 of 1555 hospitalized COVID-19 patients were treated with IFN-α, and the others matched through propensity score matching. Cox regression model, logistics analysis and Kaplan–Meier statistics depicted the survival curve. Results & conclusion: Single factor analysis demonstrated that fewer deaths occurred in patients treated with IFN-α compared with patients treated without IFN-α (p = 0.000). Logistics analysis showed that patients treated with IFN-α had an all-cause mortality odds ratio = 0.01 (95% CI: 0.001–0.110; p = 0.000). The Cox regression model was utilized to determine an all-cause mortality with a hazard ratio of 0.102 (95% CI: 0.030–0.351; p = 0.000). IFN-α can alleviate disease severity and decrease all-cause mortality, especially in critical patients. IFN-α could effectively treat patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqing Liu
- Department of General Practice, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, China
- Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China
| | - Zhouru Ruan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, China
| | - Ziwei Yin
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430056, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of Teaching, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of General Practice, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, China
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