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Cakmak U. Phytochemical analyses by LC-HRMS, FTIR spectral analysis, antioxidant, antidiabetic and antityrosinase activity of Crataegus orientalis Pall. ex M. Bieb fruit extracted with various solvents. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:3767-3775. [PMID: 38284463 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crataegus orientalis Pall. ex M. Bieb fruit (COPMB) is extensively used as a source of various products in the medicinal-aromatic field and holds the potential for erosion control, ornamental purposes, food source, and economic benefits for forest villagers from its fruits. This study aims to determine the chemical components and biological activities of extracts prepared from COPMB using different solvents. RESULTS The present work was designed to define the antioxidant activity [phosphomolybdenum (total antioxidant capacity), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), cupric ion-reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and metal chelating activity (MCA)], phytochemical screening analysis, enzyme inhibitor (α-amylase, α-glucosidase and tyrosinase) potential, and liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) secondary metabolite profiling in different extracts of COPMB. The results of LC-HRMS revealed that fumaric acid was the main phenolic compound in all extracts. Among the extracts, ethyl acetate extract has the highest phytochemical and antioxidant properties [total phenolic content (TPC): 32.5 mg GAE/g, total flavonoid content (TFC): 12.2 mg QE/g, ABTS: 213.0 mg TE/g; CUPRAC: 126.0 mg TE/g, MCA: 145.0 mg EDTA/g; FRAP: 122.8 mg TE/g; TAC: 2.8 mmol TE/g]. Ethyl acetate and methanol extracts are more effective in α-amylase (0.27 ± 0.01 mg/mL; 0.12 ± 0.00 mg/mL), α-glucosidase (0.63 ± 0.02 mg/mL; 0.77 ± 0.02 mg/mL) and tyrosinase (0.03 ± 0.00 mg/mL; 0.03 ± 0.00 mg/mL) enzyme inhibition potentials compared to standard acarbose (0.75 ± 0.02 mg/mL for α-amylase; 1.11 ± 0.03 mg/mL for α-glucosidase) and kojic acid (0.04 ± 0.00 mg/mL). CONCLUSION The findings from this study suggest that COPMB could serve as a valuable source of natural agents for the food and pharmaceutical industry. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ummuhan Cakmak
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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2
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Dai Z, Zhang Y, Meng Y, Li S, Suonan Z, Sun Y, Ji J, Shen Q, Zheng H, Xue Y. Targeted delivery of nutraceuticals derived from food for the treatment of obesity and its related complications. Food Chem 2023; 418:135980. [PMID: 36989644 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Nutraceuticals which are abundant in foods have attracted much attention due to their bioactive activities of anti-obesity, anti-hyperlipidemia and anti-atherosclerosis. Unfortunately, the poor bioavailability severely undermines their envisioned benefits. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop suitable delivery systems to promote the benefits of their biological activity. Targeted drug delivery system (TDDS) is a novel drug delivery system that can selectively concentrate drugs on targets in the body, improve the bioavailability of agents and reduce side effects. This emerging drug delivery system provides a new strategy for the treatment of obesity with nutraceuticals and would be a promising alternative to be widely used in the food field. This review summarizes the recent studies on the application in the targeted delivery of nutraceuticals for treating obesity and its related complications, especially the available receptors and their corresponding ligands for TDDS and the evaluation methods of the targeting ability.
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3
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Dini I, Mancusi A. Food Peptides for the Nutricosmetic Industry. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040788. [PMID: 37107162 PMCID: PMC10135249 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, numerous reports have described bioactive peptides (biopeptides)/hydrolysates produced from various food sources. Biopeptides are considered interesting for industrial application since they show numerous functional properties (e.g., anti-aging, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties) and technological properties (e.g., solubility, emulsifying, and foaming). Moreover, they have fewer side effects than synthetic drugs. Nevertheless, some challenges must be overcome before their administration via the oral route. The gastric, pancreatic, and small intestinal enzymes and acidic stomach conditions can affect their bioavailability and the levels that can reach the site of action. Some delivery systems have been studied to avoid these problems (e.g., microemulsions, liposomes, solid lipid particles). This paper summarizes the results of studies conducted on biopeptides isolated from plants, marine organisms, animals, and biowaste by-products, discusses their potential application in the nutricosmetic industry, and considers potential delivery systems that could maintain their bioactivity. Our results show that food peptides are environmentally sustainable products that can be used as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-aging, and anti-inflammatory agents in nutricosmetic formulations. Biopeptide production from biowaste requires expertise in analytical procedures and good manufacturing practice. It is hoped that new analytical procedures can be developed to simplify large-scale production and that the authorities adopt and regulate use of appropriate testing standards to guarantee the population's safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Dini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Andrea Mancusi
- Department of Food Microbiology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, 80055 Portici, Italy
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4
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Wang Y, Zhuang Y, DiBerto JF, Zhou XE, Schmitz GP, Yuan Q, Jain MK, Liu W, Melcher K, Jiang Y, Roth BL, Xu HE. Structures of the entire human opioid receptor family. Cell 2023; 186:413-427.e17. [PMID: 36638794 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Opioids are effective analgesics, but their use is beset by serious side effects, including addiction and respiratory depression, which contribute to the ongoing opioid crisis. The human opioid system contains four opioid receptors (μOR, δOR, κOR, and NOPR) and a set of related endogenous opioid peptides (EOPs), which show distinct selectivity toward their respective opioid receptors (ORs). Despite being key to the development of safer analgesics, the mechanisms of molecular recognition and selectivity of EOPs to ORs remain unclear. Here, we systematically characterize the binding of EOPs to ORs and present five structures of EOP-OR-Gi complexes, including β-endorphin- and endomorphin-bound μOR, deltorphin-bound δOR, dynorphin-bound κOR, and nociceptin-bound NOPR. These structures, supported by biochemical results, uncover the specific recognition and selectivity of opioid peptides and the conserved mechanism of opioid receptor activation. These results provide a structural framework to facilitate rational design of safer opioid drugs for pain relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research and the State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Youwen Zhuang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research and the State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Jeffrey F DiBerto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - X Edward Zhou
- Department of Structural Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Gavin P Schmitz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Qingning Yuan
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research and the State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; The Shanghai Advanced Electron Microscope Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Manish K Jain
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Weiyi Liu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research and the State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Karsten Melcher
- Department of Structural Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Yi Jiang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research and the State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - H Eric Xu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research and the State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
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5
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Bi S, Lao F, Pan X, Shen Q, Liu Y, Wu J. Flavor formation and regulation of peas (Pisum sativum L.) seed milk via enzyme activity inhibition and off-flavor compounds control release. Food Chem 2022; 380:132203. [PMID: 35101790 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid, quercetin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate and reduced glutathione as well as high hydrostatic pressure were used to regulate the flavor of milk prepared from pea seeds. Activities of lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway enzymes and fatty acid contents of pea milk were determined. The hexanal content was positively correlated with the activity of LOX-2, but was negatively correlated with the contents of linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid. The intensity of the sensory attribute "fatty" was reduced when epigallocatechin-3-gallate or high hydrostatic pressure were combined with quercetin. Decreases in hexanal, pentanol, and 2-pentylfuran contents may have caused the change in sensory properties of pea milk. Pea protein, sodium sulfate and/or propylene glycol were used to regulate interactions between pea protein and flavor compounds. The hexanal content was reduced by commercial pea protein. Sodium sulfate and propylene glycol individually reduced the hexanal content and together reduced the hexanol content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Bi
- College of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fei Lao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xin Pan
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qun Shen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ye Liu
- College of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Jihong Wu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, Beijing 100083, China.
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6
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Islam MS, Wang H, Admassu H, Sulieman AA, Wei FA. Health benefits of bioactive peptides produced from muscle proteins: Antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-diabetic activities. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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7
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Exploration of bioactive peptides from various origin as promising nutraceutical treasures: In vitro, in silico and in vivo studies. Food Chem 2022; 373:131395. [PMID: 34710682 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The current health scenarios describe growing public health problems, such as diabetes, hypertension and cancer. Therefore, researchers focused on studying these health issues are interested in exploring bioactive compounds from different food sources. Among them, bioactive peptides have garnered huge scientific interest because of their multifunctional biological activities such as antioxidative, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, anticancer, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory effect. They can be used as food and pharmaceutical ingredients with a great potential against disease targets. This review covers methods of production in general for several peptides obtained from various food sources including seed, milk and meat, and described their biological activities. Particular focus was given to bioinformatic tools to advance quantification, detection and characterize each peptide sequence obtained from different protein sources with predicted biological activity. Besides, various in vivo studies have been discussed to provide a better understanding of their physiological functions, which altogether could provide valuable information for their commercialization in future foods.
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8
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Naito M, Iwakoshi-Ukena E, Moriwaki S, Narimatsu Y, Kato M, Furumitsu M, Miyamoto Y, Esumi S, Ukena K. Immunohistochemical Analysis of Neurotransmitters in Neurosecretory Protein GL-Producing Neurons of the Mouse Hypothalamus. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020454. [PMID: 35203663 PMCID: PMC8962320 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently discovered a novel neuropeptide of 80 amino acid residues: neurosecretory protein GL (NPGL), in the hypothalamus of birds and rodents. NPGL is localized in the lateral posterior part of the arcuate nucleus (ArcLP), and it enhances feeding behavior and fat accumulation in mice. Various neurotransmitters, such as catecholamine, glutamate, and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), produced in the hypothalamus are also involved in energy metabolism. The colocalization of neurotransmitters and NPGL in neurons of the ArcLP leads to the elucidation of the regulatory mechanism of NPGL neurons. In this study, we performed double immunofluorescence staining to elucidate the relationship between NPGL and neurotransmitters in mice. The present study revealed that NPGL neurons did not co-express tyrosine hydroxylase as a marker of catecholaminergic neurons and vesicular glutamate transporter-2 as a marker of glutamatergic neurons. In contrast, NPGL neurons co-produced glutamate decarboxylase 67, a marker for GABAergic neurons. In addition, approximately 50% of NPGL neurons were identical to GABAergic neurons. These results suggest that some functions of NPGL neurons may be related to those of GABA. This study provides insights into the neural network of NPGL neurons that regulate energy homeostasis, including feeding behavior and fat accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mana Naito
- Laboratory of Neurometabolism, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan; (M.N.); (E.I.-U.); (S.M.); (Y.N.); (M.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Eiko Iwakoshi-Ukena
- Laboratory of Neurometabolism, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan; (M.N.); (E.I.-U.); (S.M.); (Y.N.); (M.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Shogo Moriwaki
- Laboratory of Neurometabolism, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan; (M.N.); (E.I.-U.); (S.M.); (Y.N.); (M.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Yuki Narimatsu
- Laboratory of Neurometabolism, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan; (M.N.); (E.I.-U.); (S.M.); (Y.N.); (M.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Masaki Kato
- Laboratory of Neurometabolism, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan; (M.N.); (E.I.-U.); (S.M.); (Y.N.); (M.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Megumi Furumitsu
- Laboratory of Neurometabolism, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan; (M.N.); (E.I.-U.); (S.M.); (Y.N.); (M.K.); (M.F.)
| | - Yuta Miyamoto
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (Y.M.); (S.E.)
| | - Shigeyuki Esumi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan; (Y.M.); (S.E.)
| | - Kazuyoshi Ukena
- Laboratory of Neurometabolism, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan; (M.N.); (E.I.-U.); (S.M.); (Y.N.); (M.K.); (M.F.)
- Correspondence:
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9
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Otari SS, Patel SB, Lekhak MM, Ghane SG. Phytochemical Studies on Two Unexplored Endemic Medicinal Plants of India, Barleria terminalis and Calacanthus grandiflorus. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:817885. [PMID: 35111068 PMCID: PMC8801785 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.817885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Barleria terminalis Nees and Calacanthus grandiflorus (Dalzell) Radlk. are endemic medicinal plants of the Western Ghats of India. The aim of the present research work was to investigate phytochemical profile, potent bioactives using RP-HPLC, LC-MS and GC-MS and to evaluate their bioactivities. Acetone was found to be the best extraction medium for separating phytochemicals. Similarly, acetone and methanol extracts exhibited potential antioxidant properties. Ethanol extract of B. terminalis stem showed potent acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (89.10 ± 0.26%) inhibitory activity. Inhibition of α-amylase (36.96 ± 2.96%) activity was observed the best in ethanol extract of B. terminalis leaves and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (94.33 ± 0.73%) in ethanol extract of C. grandiflorus stem. RP-HPLC analysis confirmed the presence of several phenolic compounds (gallic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, chlorogenic acid and coumaric acid) and phenylethanoid glycoside (verbascoside). The highest phenolics content were observed in B. terminalis (GA (4.17 ± 0.002), HBA (3.88 ± 0.001), VA (4.54 ± 0.001), CHLA (0.55 ± 0.004) mg/g DW, respectively). Similarly, LC-MS and GC-MS revealed the presence of phenolics, glycosides, terpenes, steroids, fatty acids, etc. Moreover, positive correlation between studied phytochemicals and antioxidants was observed in principal component analysis. Based on the present investigation, we conclude that B. terminalis and C. grandiflorus can be further explored for their active principles particularly, phenylethanoid glycosides and iridoids and their use in drug industry for pharmaceutical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreedhar S Otari
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, India
| | - Suraj B Patel
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, India
| | - Manoj M Lekhak
- Angiosperm Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, India
| | - Savaliram G Ghane
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, India
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10
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Chen Y, Luo X, Wang Y, Xing Z, Chen J. Design and synthesis novel amide derivatives containing an 1,3,4‐oxadiazole moiety as potential antibacterial agents. J Heterocycl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District Guiyang China
| | - Xin Luo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District Guiyang China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District Guiyang China
| | - Zhifu Xing
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District Guiyang China
| | - Jixiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District Guiyang China
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11
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Ceylan R, Zengin G, Mahomoodally MF, Sinan KI, Ak G, Jugreet S, Cakır O, Ouelbani R, Paksoy MY, Yılmaz MA. Enzyme inhibition and antioxidant functionality of eleven Inula species based on chemical components and chemometric insights. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2021.104225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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12
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Chen W, Liao A, Hou Y, Pan L, Yu G, Du J, Yang C, Li X, Huang J. Digestive characteristics and peptide release from wheat embryo proteins in vitro. Food Funct 2021; 12:2257-2269. [PMID: 33596303 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03193c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Due to the scarcity of the data on digestion and metabolism of wheat embryo proteins WEP, a simulated gastrointestinal digestion (SGID) scheme in vitro was utilized to explain the protein hydrolysis and biological activity of WEP during the digestion process. WEP had a certain degree of resistance to gastric digestion, especially the protein with a molecular weight of 50 kDa. In all the samples, no visually intact protein band emerged in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) during the intestinal phase, which was consistent with a gradually increasing content of released free amino acids. Moreover, the resistant digestion peptides (the amino acid sequences were ISQFXX and GTVX) were identified at the end of the gastrointestinal digestion (GID) product by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Although the complete protein in the sample was degraded, the antioxidant activity was not negatively affected, rather it showed an increasing trend and maintained a higher level of activity. The amount of the β-sheet gradually increased as that of the α-helix declined, the random coil decreased, whereas no obvious change was noticed in β-turn content. The results provide a better understanding for optimal selection of peptide candidates for designing protein products in the food processing industry as well as for WEP digestion and metabolism in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Chen
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China. and The Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Wheat Bioprocessing and Nutritional Function, Science and Technology Department, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Aimei Liao
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China. and The Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Wheat Bioprocessing and Nutritional Function, Science and Technology Department, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Yinchen Hou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat & Corn Further Processing, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China and School of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Long Pan
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China. and The Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Wheat Bioprocessing and Nutritional Function, Science and Technology Department, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Guanghai Yu
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China. and The Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Wheat Bioprocessing and Nutritional Function, Science and Technology Department, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Jun Du
- China Biotech Fermentation Industry Association, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Canrui Yang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China. and The Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Wheat Bioprocessing and Nutritional Function, Science and Technology Department, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China. and The Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Wheat Bioprocessing and Nutritional Function, Science and Technology Department, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Jihong Huang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China. and The Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Wheat Bioprocessing and Nutritional Function, Science and Technology Department, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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13
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Enzyme-Assisted Release of Antioxidant Peptides from Porphyra dioica Conchocelis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020249. [PMID: 33562036 PMCID: PMC7915985 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The conchocelis life cycle stage of P. dioica represents an unexplored source of bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to generate and characterise, for the first time, hydrolysates of conchocelis using a specific combination of proteases (Prolyve® and Flavourzyme®). Hydrolysate molecular mass distribution and free amino acid contents were assessed, and the antioxidant activity was determined using a range of in vitro assays. The protein content and the total amino acid profiles of conchocelis were also studied. Conchocelis contained ~25% of protein (dry weight basis) and had a complete profile of essential amino acids. Direct sequential enzymatic treatment modified the profile of the generated compounds, increasing the amount of low molecular weight peptides (<1 kDa). There was a significant improvement in the antioxidant activity of the hydrolysates compared with the control (up to 2.5-fold), indicating their potential as a novel source of antioxidant ingredients.
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Plant-derived peptides rubiscolin-6, soymorphin-6 and their c-terminal amide derivatives: Pharmacokinetic properties and biological activity. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Pan M, Liu K, Yang J, Liu S, Wang S, Wang S. Advances on Food-Derived Peptidic Antioxidants-A Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E799. [PMID: 32867173 PMCID: PMC7554705 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The oxidation process is considered to be the main reason behind human aging, human degenerative diseases and food quality degradation. Food-derived peptidic antioxidants (PAs) have wide sources and great activity, and have broad application prospects in removing excess reactive oxygen species in the body, anti-aging and preventing and treating diseases related to oxidative stress. On the other hand, PAs are expected to inhibit the lipid peroxidation of foods and increase the stability of the food system in the food industry. However, the production pathways and action mechanism of food-derived PAs are diverse, which makes it is difficult to evaluate the performance of PAs which is why the commercial application of PAs is still in its infancy. This article focuses on reviewing the preparation, purification, and characterization methods of food-derived PAs, and expounds the latest progress in performance evaluation and potential applications, in order to provide an effective reference for subsequent related research of PAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfei Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (M.P.); (K.L.); (J.Y.); (S.L.); (S.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Kaixin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (M.P.); (K.L.); (J.Y.); (S.L.); (S.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jingying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (M.P.); (K.L.); (J.Y.); (S.L.); (S.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Shengmiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (M.P.); (K.L.); (J.Y.); (S.L.); (S.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Shan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (M.P.); (K.L.); (J.Y.); (S.L.); (S.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (M.P.); (K.L.); (J.Y.); (S.L.); (S.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
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A biotechnological approach for the production of branched chain amino acid containing bioactive peptides to improve human health: A review. Food Res Int 2020; 131:109002. [PMID: 32247480 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Improper nutrition provokes many types of chronic diseases and health problems, which consequently are associated with particularly high costs of treatments. Nowadays, consumer's interest in healthy eating is shifting towards specific foods or food ingredients. As a consequence, bioactive peptides as a promising source of health promoting food additives are currently an intensely debated topic in research. Process design is still on its early stages and is significantly influenced by important preliminary decisions. Thus, parameters like peptide bioactivity within the product, selection of the protein source, enzyme selection for hydrolysis, peptide enrichment method, as well as stability of the peptides within the food matrix and bioavailability are sensitive decision points, which have to be purposefully coordinated, as they are directly linked to amino acid content and structure properties of the peptides. Branched chain amino acids (BCAA) are essential components for humans, possessing various important physiologic functions within the body. Incorporated within peptide sequences, they may induce dual functions, when used as nutraceuticals in functional food, thus preserving the foodstuff and prevent several widespread diseases. Furthermore, there is evidence that consuming this peptide-class can be a nutritional support for elderly people or improve human health to prevent diseases caused by incorrect nutrition. Based on the knowledge about the role of BCAA within various peptide functions, discussed in the review, special attention is given to different approaches for systematic selection of the protein source and enzymes used in hydrolysis, as well as suitable peptide enrichment methods, thereby showing current trends in research.
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Zhao QC, Zhao JY, Ahn DU, Jin YG, Huang X. Separation and Identification of Highly Efficient Antioxidant Peptides from Eggshell Membrane. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8100495. [PMID: 31635262 PMCID: PMC6826681 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8100495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The enzymatic hydrolysates (EHs) of the eggshell membrane (ESM) were obtained after incubating eggshell membrane in solutions prepared with Na2SO3 and alkaline protease combinations. The effects of enzyme species, enzyme dosage, Na2SO3 concentration, and hydrolysis time on the antioxidant activity of the ESM-EH were determined. Also, the correlation between the degree of hydrolysis (DH) and the antioxidant activity of ESM-EH was analyzed. The DH of ESM-EH showed a highly positive correlation with the reducing power (R2 = 0.857) and total antioxidant activity (TAA) (R2 = 0.876) and performed negative correlation with the Fe2+-chelating ability (R2 = −0.529). The molecular weight distribution of the ESM-EH was determined by MALDI-TOF/MS. Cation exchange chromatography (Sephadex C-25) was used to isolate the ESM-EH and then the enzymatic hydrolysis fragment (EHF) was obtained. Among the five isolated fragments (F1~F5), fragment 3 (F3), which was composed of 28 polypeptides, showed the highest ability to quench ABTS• (2,2-azinobis-3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (90.44%) and also displayed stronger TBARS (thiobarbituric acid– reactive substances) (58.17%) and TAA (303.82 µg /mL) than the ESM-EH. Further analysis of the 28 peptides in F3 identified using LC-MS/MS indicated that five peptides (ESYHLPR, NVIDPPIYAR, MFAEWQPR, LLFAMTKPK, MLKMLPFK) showed high water-solubility, biological activities, and antioxidant characteristics. Finally, the TAA of the synthetic peptide was verified, the synthetic peptides ESYHLPR and MFAEWQPR performed the best activity and have high potentials to be used as antioxidant agents in functional foods, pharmaceuticals, or cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Cheng Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, National Research and Development Centre for Egg Processing, Huazhong Agricultural University, No 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Jie-Yuan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, National Research and Development Centre for Egg Processing, Huazhong Agricultural University, No 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Dong Uk Ahn
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
| | - Yong-Guo Jin
- College of Food Science and Technology, National Research and Development Centre for Egg Processing, Huazhong Agricultural University, No 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Xi Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, National Research and Development Centre for Egg Processing, Huazhong Agricultural University, No 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Rein D, Ternes P, Demin R, Gierke J, Helgason T, Schön C. Artificial intelligence identified peptides modulate inflammation in healthy adults. Food Funct 2019; 10:6030-6041. [PMID: 31483433 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01398a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dietary bioactive peptides have been, among many functionalities, associated with immune modulation and thereby may improve resolution of inflammation. The goals of this research were to assess (1) whether specific peptides with immune-modulating activity consumed as part of a rice protein hydrolysate could be absorbed into blood and (2) whether they modulate inflammation markers. Artificial intelligence algorithms were applied to target, predict and unlock inflammation-modulating peptides from rice protein. A food application was developed containing four bioactive peptides. Protein docking simulation studies revealed high binding energies of these peptides with inflammation markers. In a small kinetic study 10 healthy subjects consumed the peptides with a single bolus of 20 g protein hydrolysate. Although absorption of the four predicted peptides at plasma concentrations deemed biologically relevant could not be confirmed (quantitative LC-MS/MS), several cytokines responded (ELISA kits). The 24-hour kinetic study revealed a slight suppression of pro-inflammatory TNF-α, IP-10 and NOx, whereas IL-6 increased temporarily (timepoints 2-12 hours). These markers returned to the baseline after 24 hours whereas others were not affected significantly (IL-10, hs-CRP, IL-8, and MCP-1). Consumption of a single dose protein hydrolysate containing immune modulatory peptides induced a mild temporary response most likely through intestinal signaling. Forthcoming studies will examine dietary supplementation in situations of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rodion Demin
- BASF Metabolome Solutions GmbH, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Gierke
- BASF Personal Care and Nutrition GmbH, Illertissen, Germany.
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Aslam H, Ruusunen A, Berk M, Loughman A, Rivera L, Pasco JA, Jacka FN. Unravelled facets of milk derived opioid peptides: a focus on gut physiology, fractures and obesity. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019; 71:36-49. [PMID: 31154909 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2019.1614540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Beyond being a source of key nutrients, bovine milk influences physiological functions by synthesising bioactive peptides during the process of digestion. Some of the claimed negative health outcomes associated with milk consumption, such as cardiovascular diseases and type 1 diabetes may be attributed to an opioid peptide, beta-casomorphin-7 (BCM-7), derived from A1 beta-casein. BCM-7 exerts its function by binding to the μ-opioid receptors in the body. It is hypothesised that activation of the μ-opioid receptors in the gut can alter gut microbial composition, impair gut barrier integrity and bile acid metabolism, in addition to increasing gastrointestinal transit time and gut inflammation. Further, it is hypothesised that BCM-7 may influence fractures and obesity via μ-opioid receptor pathways. In conclusion, it appears that BCM-7 might have multiple functions pertinent to human health; however, the evidence is limited and warrants further pre-clinical and clinical studies for hypothesis confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajara Aslam
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Anu Ruusunen
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, Orygen Youth Health Research Centre and the Centre of Youth Mental Health, The Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Amy Loughman
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Leni Rivera
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.,Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Waurn Ponds, Deakin University Victoria, Geelong, Australia
| | - Julie A Pasco
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.,Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia.,Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, Australia
| | - Felice N Jacka
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Black Dog Institute, New South Wales, Australia
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22
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Niu Z, Thielen I, Barnett A, Loveday SM, Singh H. ε-Polylysine and β-cyclodextrin assembling as delivery systems for gastric protection of proteins and possibility to enhance intestinal permeation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 546:312-323. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Arısoy S, Üstün-Aytekin Ö. Hydrolysis of food-derived opioids by dipeptidyl peptidase IV from Lactococcus lactis spp. lactis. Food Res Int 2018; 111:574-581. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Kiewiet MBG, Faas MM, de Vos P. Immunomodulatory Protein Hydrolysates and Their Application. Nutrients 2018; 10:E904. [PMID: 30011891 PMCID: PMC6073538 DOI: 10.3390/nu10070904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunomodulatory protein hydrolysate consumption may delay or prevent western immune-related diseases. In order to purposively develop protein hydrolysates with an optimal and reproducible immunomodulatory effect, knowledge is needed on which components in protein hydrolysates are responsible for the immune effects. Important advances have been made on this aspect. Also, knowledge on mechanisms underlying the immune modulating effects is indispensable. In this review, we discuss the most promising application possibilities for immunomodulatory protein hydrolysates. In order to do so, an overview is provided on reported in vivo immune effects of protein hydrolysates in both local intestinal and systemic organs, and the current insights in the underlying mechanisms of these effects. Furthermore, we discuss current knowledge and physicochemical approaches to identify the immune active protein sequence(s). We conclude that multiple hydrolysate compositions show specific immune effects. This knowledge can improve the efficacy of existing hydrolysate-containing products such as sports nutrition, clinical nutrition, and infant formula. We also provide arguments for why immunomodulatory protein hydrolysates could be applied to manage the immune response in the increasing number of individuals with a higher risk of immune dysfunction due to, for example, increasing age or stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mensiena B G Kiewiet
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Marijke M Faas
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Recent trends and analytical challenges in plant bioactive peptide separation, identification and validation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:3425-3444. [PMID: 29353433 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-0852-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Interest in research into bioactive peptides (BPs) is growing because of their health-promoting ability. Several bioactivities have been ascribed to peptides, including antioxidant, antihypertensive and antimicrobial properties. As they can be produced from precursor proteins, the investigation of BPs in foods is becoming increasingly popular. For the same reason, production of BPs from by-products has also emerged as a possible means of reducing waste and recovering value-added compounds suitable for functional food production and supplements. Milk, meat and fish are the most investigated sources of BPs, but vegetable-derived peptides are also of interest. Vegetables are commonly consumed, and agro-industrial wastes constitute a cheap, large and lower environmental impact source of proteins. The use of advanced analytical techniques for separation and identification of peptides would greatly benefit the discovery of new BPs. In this context, this review provides an overview of the most recent applications in BP investigations for vegetable food and by-products. The most important issues regarding peptide isolation and separation, by single or multiple chromatographic techniques, are discussed. Additionally, problems connected with peptide identification in plants and non-model plants are discussed regarding the particular case of BP identification. Finally, the issue of peptide validation to confirm sequence and bioactivity is presented. Graphical representation of the analytical workflow needed for investigation of bioactive peptides and applied to vegetables and vegetable wastes Graphical Abstract.
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Protein and Peptides for Elderly Health. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2018; 112:265-308. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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