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Thiombane M, De Vivo B, Niane B, Watts MJ, Marriott AL, Di Bonito M. A new hazard assessment workflow to assess soil contamination from large and artisanal scale gold mining. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:5067-5091. [PMID: 37071266 PMCID: PMC10310586 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01552-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Gold mining activities are undertaken both at large and artisanal scale, often resulting in serious 'collateral' environmental issues, including environmental pollution and hazard to human and ecosystem health. Furthermore, some of these activities are poorly regulated, which can produce long-lasting damage to the environment and local livelihoods. The aim of this study was to identify a new workflow model to discriminate anthropogenic versus geogenic enrichment in soils of gold mining regions. The Kedougou region (Senegal, West Africa) was used as a case study. Ninety-four soil samples (76 topsoils and 18 bottom soils) were collected over an area of 6,742 km2 and analysed for 53 chemical elements. Robust spatial mapping, compositional and geostatistical models were employed to evaluate sources and elemental footprint associated with geology and mining activities. Multivariate approaches highlighted anomalies in arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg) distribution in several areas. However, further interpretation with enrichment factor (EFs) and index of geoaccumulation (IGeo) emphasised high contamination levels in areas approximately coinciding with the ones where artisanal and small scale mining (ASGM) activities occur, and robust compositional contamination index (RCCI) isolated potentially harmful elements (PHE) contamination levels in very specific areas of the Kedougou mining region. The study underlined the importance of complementary approaches to identify anomalies and, more significantly, contamination by hazardous material. In particular, the analyses helped to identify discrete areas that would require to be surveyed in more detail to allow a comprehensive and thorough risk assessment, to investigate potential impacts to both human and ecosystem health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matar Thiombane
- Haemers Technologies Group, Chaussée de Vilvorde, 104, 1120, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benedetto De Vivo
- Pegaso University, Piazza Trieste E Trento 48, 80132, Naples, Italy
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Birane Niane
- Départment Génie Géologique, Mines Et Eau, U.F.R. Sciences de L'Ingénieur, Université IBA DER THIAM de Thiès, BP 967, Thiès, Senegal
| | - Michael J Watts
- Inorganic Geochemistry, Centre for Environmental Geochemistry, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, NG12 5GG, UK
| | - Andrew L Marriott
- Inorganic Geochemistry, Centre for Environmental Geochemistry, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, NG12 5GG, UK
| | - Marcello Di Bonito
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, Southwell, NG25 0QF, UK.
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, AlmaMater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Fanin, 40, 40127, Bologna, Italy.
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Liu B, He Z, Liu R, Montenegro AC, Ellis M, Li Q, Baligar VC. Comparative effectiveness of activated dolomite phosphate rock and biochar for immobilizing cadmium and lead in soils. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 266:129202. [PMID: 33310517 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sandy soils in Florida are vulnerable to toxic metal pollution, and it is necessary to identify desirable amendments for the remediation of metal contaminated soils. Sorption and incubation experiments were conducted to compare the effectiveness of dolomite phosphate rock (DPR), humic acid activated dolomite phosphate rock (ADPR) and biochar (BC) in immobilizing Cd2+ and Pb2+ in two representative agricultural soils in south Florida (Alfisol-Riviera and Spodosol -Ankona series). The results showed that the soils had a low sorption capacity for metals with maximum sorption of 0.767-3.30 mg/g. Application of amendments increased the maximum sorption by 4.2-4.8 times for Pb2+ and 1.5-2.2 times for Cd2+ in Alfisol soil, and 7.1-7.9 times for Pb2+ and 1.7-3.1 times for Cd2+ in Spodosol soil. ADPR was the most effective amendment for increasing the soil's sorption capacity for Cd2+ and Pb2+. 0.01 M CaCl2 extractable metals in the contaminated soils were significantly decreased by all the amendments, especially ADPR, which reduced extractable Cd2+ and Pb2+by 87.2 and 76.0% in Alfisol and 91.3 and 76.3% in Spodosol soil as compared to control. The amounts of extractable Cd2+ and Pb2+ were negatively correlated with soil pH and available P, indicating that the change of soil characteristics by amendments was the dominant mechanism for enhanced immobilization of metals in the contaminated soils. These results indicate that ADPR has great potential for remediating toxic levels of Cd2+ and Pb2+ in contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Liu
- University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Soil and Water Sciences/Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, FL, USA; Institute of Environmental and Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Zhenli He
- University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Soil and Water Sciences/Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, FL, USA.
| | - Ruliang Liu
- University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Soil and Water Sciences/Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, FL, USA
| | - Andrea C Montenegro
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Km 14 Vía Mosquera - -Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Martin Ellis
- Green Carbon Solutions (GCS), Pepper Pike, OH, 44124, USA
| | - Qinfen Li
- Institute of Environmental and Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Virupax C Baligar
- USDA-ARS-Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, USA
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Ait Ahmed O. The removal efficiency of lead from contaminated soil: modeling of cations and anions migration during the electrokinetic treatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2020; 55:1218-1232. [PMID: 32615055 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2020.1785781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The effect of the presence of minerals in natural soil polluted with lead (II) was investigated to verify the efficiency of the electrokinetic remediation method. Natural soil "Sebkha of Oran" containing high calcite minerals and characterized by high salinity was used in experimental studies. This study investigates the effects of alkaline soil pH conditions on the transport and removal of lead by the electrokinetic treatment. XRD analyses were performed on the soil sample before and after electrokinetic treatment to determine any changes in mineral phases. Mathematical models using experimental data are developed to describe the mobility and diffusion coefficient of lead ions through the soil. Mathematical models were generated based on the physicochemical parameters characterizing the movement of cations and anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ourida Ait Ahmed
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Inorganiques et Applications LCMI, Université des Sciences et de la, Technologie d'Oran Mohamed Boudiaf, Bir El Djir, Algérie
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Fijałkowska G, Szewczuk-Karpisz K, Wiśniewska M. Chromium(VI) and lead(II) accumulation at the montmorillonite/aqueous solution interface in the presence of polyacrylamide containing quaternary amine groups. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Zhou J, Du B, Wang Z, Zhang W, Xu L, Fan X, Liu X, Zhou J. Distributions and pools of lead (Pb) in a terrestrial forest ecosystem with highly elevated atmospheric Pb deposition and ecological risks to insects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 647:932-941. [PMID: 30096681 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
There is growing interest in how heavy metals in remote ecosystems are elevated and affect environmental health. However, no studies have investigated atmospheric lead (Pb) deposition influences on the Pb bioaccumulation in insects in forests. Here we measure Pb concentrations and pools in forest vegetation, litterfall, organic soil, mineral soil, as well as litterfall deposition fluxes in a region severely affected by atmospheric deposition. We also analyzed Pb in insects which feed in the polluted forest vegetation and litter. Assessment of high Pb loads causing potential ecological risk to insects was also studied. Total Pb pool in the vegetation was 0.12 g m-2 and annual litterfall deposition flux of Pb was 13.42 mg m-2, which was much higher than those in the background areas. Pools of Pb from litter to mineral topsoil averaged 4.3 g m-2, which accounted for 97.3% of total pools (biomass + soil) in the forest ecosystem. Pools of Pb in surface soils were correlated significantly with the pools of total organic matter and elevation. Atmospheric deposition was inferred the major source of Pb in the forest ecosystem, which can be supported by the highest Pb concentrations in the moss and overstory foliage. The maximum Pb concentration was showed in the dung beetle (12.1 mg kg-1) residing in the soils compared that in the longicorn and of cicada, which would potentially pose negatively influence to predators along food chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui 233100, China; National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Red Soil Improvement, Red Soil Ecological Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yingtan 335211, China.
| | - Buyun Du
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No. 8 Jiang-wang-miao Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042, China
| | - Zhangwei Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wantong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Red Soil Improvement, Red Soil Ecological Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yingtan 335211, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Ecological Security for Water Source Region of Mid-line of South-to-North Diversion Project, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473000, China
| | - Xingjun Fan
- College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui 233100, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Red Soil Improvement, Red Soil Ecological Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yingtan 335211, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Red Soil Improvement, Red Soil Ecological Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yingtan 335211, China; Jiangxi Engineering Research Center of Eco-Remediation of Heavy Metal Pollution, Jiangxi Academy of Science, Nanchang, 330096, China.
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He WY, Yang XE, Yang JY, He ZL. Effect of lead on plant availability of phosphorus and potassium in a vegetable-soil system. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:34793-34797. [PMID: 30343373 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3389-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Two typical red soils were sequentially cultivated with celery (Apium graveolens L.) and Chinese cabbage (Brassica chinensis L.) in a greenhouse to determine the effect of lead (Pb) on plant availability of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in the soils. The concentrations of available P as estimated by the 0.05 mol L-1 HCl-0.025 mol L-1 (1/2 H2SO4) extraction and available K estimated by the NH4OAc extraction method in the crop-free soils were not affected by Pb treatment. Plant P concentrations in the above-ground part of celery and Chinese cabbage exposed to Pb were either lower or showed no significant difference to the control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yan He
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xiao-E Yang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jin-Yan Yang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Zhen-Li He
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- University of Florida-IFAS, Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, FL, 34945-3138, USA
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Weissmannová HD, Pavlovský J. Indices of soil contamination by heavy metals - methodology of calculation for pollution assessment (minireview). ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2017; 189:616. [PMID: 29116419 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-6340-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This article provides the assessment of heavy metal soil pollution with using the calculation of various pollution indices and contains also summarization of the sources of heavy metal soil pollution. Twenty described indices of the assessment of soil pollution consist of two groups: single indices and total complex indices of pollution or contamination with relevant classes of pollution. This minireview provides also the classification of pollution indices in terms of the complex assessment of soil quality. In addition, based on the comparison of metal concentrations in soil-selected sites of the world and used indices of pollution or contamination in soils, the concentration of heavy metal in contaminated soils varied widely, and pollution indices confirmed the significant contribution of soil pollution from anthropogenic activities mainly in urban and industrial areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiří Pavlovský
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Oh S, Shin WS. Effect of ageing on desorption of lead and cadmium from sediments: kinetics and desorption-resistance. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2010; 45:1150-1168. [PMID: 20560090 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2010.486351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of ageing on sorption isotherms and desorption behaviors (kinetics and desorption-resistance) of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in natural sediments was investigated. Several sorption models such as Freundlich, Langmuir and Dubinin-Radushkevich models were fitted to the sorption data. The sorption affinity and sorption capacity of the heavy metals onto sediments increased with cation exchange capacity (CEC) and BET surface area (A(BET)). The sorption affinity of Pb was higher than that of Cd in all sediments at all ageing time scales (1, 30 and 100 d). Four different models: the one-site mass transfer model (OSMTM), the pseudo-first-order kinetic model (PFOKM), the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (PSOKM) and the two compartment first-order kinetic model (TCFOKM) were used to analyze desorption kinetics. All models predicted that the sorbed amount (q(e,s)) at the apparent desorption equilibria increased as the cation exchange capacity (CEC) and BET surface area (A(BET)) of the sediments increased. However, the fast desorption fractions (f(1,d)) decreased with increasing CEC, A(BET) and organic carbon content (f(oc)). Sequential desorption experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of ageing on desorption-resistance and a biphasic desorption model was fitted to the data. The biphasic desorption model parameters indicate that the maximum capacity of desorption resistant fraction (q(max)(irr)) of Pb was higher than that of Cd and the q(max)(irr) increased with CEC, A(BET) and ageing time for both Pb and Cd. Sequential extraction analysis revealed that the transformation of heavy metals in more mobile fraction into less mobile fractions was the main reason for the increase in desorption-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghwa Oh
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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Jing YD, He ZL, Yang XE. Adsorption-desorption characteristics of mercury in paddy soils of China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2008; 37:680-688. [PMID: 18396555 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2007.0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) has received considerable attention because of its association with various human health problems. Adsorption-desorption behavior of Hg at contaminated levels in two paddy soils was investigated. The two representative soils for rice production in China, locally referred to as a yellowish red soil (YRS) and silty loam soil (SLS) and classified as Gleyi-Stagnic Anthrosols in FAO/UNESCO nomenclature, were respectively collected from Jiaxin County and Xiasha District of Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province. The YRS adsorbed more Hg(2+) than the SLS. The characteristics of Hg adsorption could be described by the simple Langmuir adsorption equation (r2 = 0.999 and 0.999, P < 0.01, respectively, for the SLS and YRS). The maximum adsorption values (Xm) that were obtained from the simple Langmuir model were 111 and 213 mg Hg(2+) kg(-1) soil, respectively, for the SLS and YRS. Adsorption of Hg(2+) decreased soil pH by 0.75 unit for the SLS soil and 0.91 unit for the YRS soil at the highest loading. The distribution coefficient (kd) of Hg in the soil decreased exponentially with increasing Hg(2+) loading. After five successive desorptions with 0.01 mol L(-1) KCl solution (pH 5.4), 0 to 24.4% of the total adsorbed Hg(2+) in the SLS soil was desorbed and the corresponding value of the YRS soil was 0 to 14.4%, indicating that the SLS soil had a lower affinity for Hg(2+) than the YRS soil at the same Hg(2+) loading. Different mechanisms are likely involved in Hg(2+) adsorption-desorption at different levels of Hg(2+) loading and between the two soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y D Jing
- MOE Key Lab. of Environ., Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Natural Resource and Environment Sciences, Zhejiang Univ., Hangzhou, China
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He ZL, Yang XE, Stoffella PJ. Trace elements in agroecosystems and impacts on the environment. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2005; 19:125-40. [PMID: 16325528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2005.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 583] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2005] [Accepted: 02/21/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Trace elements mean elements present at low concentrations (mg kg-1 or less) in agroecosystems. Some trace elements, including copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), molybdenum (Mo), and boron (B) are essential to plant growth and are called micronutrients. Except for B, these elements are also heavy metals, and are toxic to plants at high concentrations. Some trace elements, such as cobalt (Co) and selenium (Se), are not essential to plant growth but are required by animals and human beings. Other trace elements such as cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), mercury (Hg), and arsenic (As) have toxic effects on living organisms and are often considered as contaminants. Trace elements in an agroecosystem are either inherited from soil parent materials or inputs through human activities. Soil contamination with heavy metals and toxic elements due to parent materials or point sources often occurs in a limited area and is easy to identify. Repeated use of metal-enriched chemicals, fertilizers, and organic amendments such as sewage sludge as well as wastewater may cause contamination at a large scale. A good example is the increased concentration of Cu and Zn in soils under long-term production of citrus and other fruit crops. Many chemical processes are involved in the transformation of trace elements in soils, but precipitation-dissolution, adsorption-desorption, and complexation are the most important processes controlling bioavailability and mobility of trace elements in soils. Both deficiency and toxicity of trace elements occur in agroecosystems. Application of trace elements in fertilizers is effective in correcting micronutrient deficiencies for crop production, whereas remediation of soils contaminated with metals is still costly and difficult although phytoremediation appears promising as a cost-effective approach. Soil microorganisms are the first living organisms subjected to the impacts of metal contamination. Being responsive and sensitive, changes in microbial biomass, activity, and community structure as a result of increased metal concentration in soil may be used as indicators of soil contamination or soil environmental quality. Future research needs to focus on the balance of trace elements in an agroecosystem, elaboration of soil chemical and biochemical parameters that can be used to diagnose soil contamination with or deficiency in trace elements, and quantification of trace metal transport from an agroecosystem to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenli L He
- MOE Key Lab, Environment Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Zhejiang University, Huajiachi Campus, Hangzhou 310029, China.
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