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Manzanilla-Valdez M, Ma Z, Mondor M, Hernández-Álvarez AJ. Decoding the Duality of Antinutrients: Assessing the Impact of Protein Extraction Methods on Plant-Based Protein Sources. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:12319-12339. [PMID: 38780067 PMCID: PMC11157537 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
This review aims to provide an updated overview of the effects of protein extraction/recovery on antinutritional factors (ANFs) in plant protein ingredients, such as protein-rich fractions, protein concentrates, and isolates. ANFs mainly include lectins, trypsin inhibitors, phytic acid, phenolic compounds, oxalates, saponins, tannins, and cyanogenic glycosides. The current technologies used to recover proteins (e.g., wet extraction, dry fractionation) and novel technologies (e.g., membrane processing) are included in this review. The mechanisms involved during protein extraction/recovery that may enhance or decrease the ANF content in plant protein ingredients are discussed. However, studies on the effects of protein extraction/recovery on specific ANFs are still scarce, especially for novel technologies such as ultrasound- and microwave-assisted extraction and membrane processing. Although the negative effects of ANFs on protein digestibility and the overall absorption of plant proteins and other nutrients are a health concern, it is also important to highlight the potential positive effects of ANFs. This is particularly relevant given the rise of novel protein ingredients in the market and the potential presence or absence of these factors and their effects on consumers' health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zidan Ma
- Food
Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Mondor
- Saint-Hyacinthe
Research and Development Centre, Agriculture
and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec Canada, J2S 8E3
- Institute
of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada
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2
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Lin W, Bai M, Peng C, Kuang H, Kong F, Guan Y. Genome editing toward biofortified soybean with minimal trade-off between low phytic acid and yield. ABIOTECH 2024; 5:196-201. [PMID: 38974864 PMCID: PMC11224060 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-024-00158-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Phytic acid (PA) in grain seeds reduces the bioavailability of nutrient elements in monogastric animals, and an important objective for crop seed biofortification is to decrease the seed PA content. Here, we employed CRISPR/Cas9 to generate a PA mutant population targeting PA biosynthesis and transport genes, including two multi-drug-resistant protein 5 (MRP5) and three inositol pentose-phosphate kinases (IPK1). We characterized a variety of lines containing mutations on multiple IPK and MRP5 genes. The seed PA was more significantly decreased in higher-order mutant lines with multiplex mutations. However, such mutants also exhibited poor agronomic performance. In the population, we identified two lines carrying single mutations in ipk1b and ipk1c, respectively. These mutants exhibited moderately reduced PA content, and regular agronomic performance compared to the wild type. Our study indicates that moderately decreasing PA by targeting single GmIPK1 genes, rather than multiplex mutagenesis toward ultra-low PA, is an optimal strategy for low-PA soybean with a minimal trade-off in yield performance. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42994-024-00158-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Lin
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, 572000 China
- College of Agronomy, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Mengyan Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Chunyan Peng
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 China
| | - Huaqin Kuang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Fanjiang Kong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Yuefeng Guan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006 China
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Sobotik EB, House GM, Stiewert AM, Bello A, Dersjant-Li Y, Marchal L, Archer GS. Effects of a Novel Consensus Bacterial 6-Phytase Variant on Growth Performance and Bone Ash of Broilers Fed Complex Diets Highly Deficient in Minerals, Digestible Amino Acids and Energy through 42 Days of Age. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1563. [PMID: 38891610 PMCID: PMC11171212 DOI: 10.3390/ani14111563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of increasing the dose of a novel consensus bacterial 6-phytase variant expressed in Trichoderma reesei (PhyG) in broilers fed complex diets highly deficient in minerals, dig AA, and energy. Diets were a nutrient-adequate control (PC); a nutrient-reduced control (NC) formulated with a reduction in available P (avP) by 0.199%, Ca by 0.21%, crude protein by 0.72-1.03%, dig Lys by 0.064-0.084%, Na by 0.047%, and ME by 87.8 kcal/kg, respectively; and NC supplemented with PhyG at 500, 1000, and 2000 FTU/kg feed. BW was decreased and FCR increased in the NC vs. PC, while the PhyG treatments were similar to the PC. Carcass yield and bone ash were also maintained with PhyG supplementation. Phytase provided economic benefit on a feed cost per kg of weight basis for 1 to 35 d; the cost reductions equated to USD 0.006, 0.016, and 0.02/kg BWG at 500, 1000, and 2000 FTU/kg. In conclusion, this trial demonstrated that supplementation with a novel consensus phytase variant in diets highly deficient in minerals, dig AA, and energy maintained growth performance and provided economic benefit, with production benefits being maximized at inclusion levels of 2000 FTU/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric B. Sobotik
- Poultry Science Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA (G.M.H.)
| | - Gabrielle M. House
- Poultry Science Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA (G.M.H.)
| | - Austin M. Stiewert
- Poultry Science Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA (G.M.H.)
| | - Abiodun Bello
- Danisco Animal Nutrition, IFF, 2342 BH Oegstgeest, The Netherlands
| | | | - Leon Marchal
- Danisco Animal Nutrition, IFF, 2342 BH Oegstgeest, The Netherlands
- Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University & Research, 2342 BH Oegstgeest, The Netherlands
| | - Gregory S. Archer
- Poultry Science Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA (G.M.H.)
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Peng Q, Jin T, Wang C, Qian Y. Phytic acid-modified carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel for uranium adsorption from aqueous solutions. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128545. [PMID: 38043668 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Phytic acid-modified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-PA) has been investigated as a promising adsorbent for the removal of uranium from aqueous solutions. The synthesis of CMC-PA involves the hydrogen bonding interaction between CMC and PA, resulting in the incorporation of PA groups onto the cellulose backbone. The hydrophilicity, reusability and adsorption capacity of the prepared CMC-PA hydrogel have improved with the increase of PA content. Moreover, the adsorption experiments were conducted by varying parameters such as pH, initial uranium concentration, and contact time. The results showed that CMC-PA exhibited excellent uranium adsorption performance, with a theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of 436 mg/g. In addition, the material exhibits excellent reusability, and the reusability improves with the increase of crosslinking density, indicating that the crosslinking structure of the polymer gel can effectively enhance the structural stability of the material. Furthermore, CMC-PA also exhibits high selective adsorption performance towards uranium ions in the presence of various competing ions. Its high adsorption capacity, reusability, and selectivity make it a promising candidate for high-performance uranium ion adsorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihang Peng
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Devices, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tianxiang Jin
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Devices, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Chongshi Wang
- College of Engineering, Department of Civil, Architectural & Environmental Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Yong Qian
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Devices, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China.
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Chinma CE, Adedeji OE, Jolayemi OS, Ezeocha VC, Ilowefah MA, Rosell CM, Adebo JA, Wilkin JD, Adebo OA. Impact of germination on the techno-functional properties, nutritional composition, and health-promoting compounds of brown rice and its products: A review. J Food Sci 2024; 89:8-32. [PMID: 37997506 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Rice is a popular grain and forms part of the daily diet of people throughout the world. However, the consumption of rice and its products is sometimes limited by its high glycemic index due to its high starch content, low protein content and quality, and low bioavailability of minerals due to the presence of anti-nutritional factors. This has partly stimulated research interest in recent times toward the use of bioprocessing techniques such as germination as cheap and natural means to improve the nutritional quality, digestibility, and health properties of cereals, including rice, to partially achieve nutrition and food security in the developing regions of the world. This review highlights the impact of germination on the nutritional quality, health-promoting properties, and techno-functional characteristics of germinated brown rice grains and their products. The review demonstrated that germinated rice grains and their products have improved nutritional quality and digestibility, modified functional properties, and showed antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, anti-cancer, and anti-cardiovascular activities. Germination appears to be a suitable bioprocessing method to improve the nutritional quality and bioactive constituents and modify the techno-functional properties of rice grains for diverse food applications and improved global nutrition and food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiemela Enyinnaya Chinma
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology Minna, Minna, Nigeria
- Food Innovation Research Group, Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, University of Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
| | | | - Olusola Samuel Jolayemi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Vanessa Chinelo Ezeocha
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Umudike, Nigeria
| | - Muna Abdulsalam Ilowefah
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Sabha University, Sabha, Libya
| | - Cristina M Rosell
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA-CSIC), Paterna, Spain
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Janet Adeyinka Adebo
- Food Evolution Research Laboratory, School of Tourism and Hospitality, College of Business and Economics, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Jonathan D Wilkin
- Division of Engineering and Food Science, School of Applied Sciences, Abertay University, Dundee, UK
| | - Oluwafemi Ayodeji Adebo
- Food Innovation Research Group, Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, University of Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
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Sahu A, Verma R, Gupta U, Kashyap S, Sanyal I. An Overview of Targeted Genome Editing Strategies for Reducing the Biosynthesis of Phytic Acid: an Anti-nutrient in Crop Plants. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:11-25. [PMID: 37061991 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00722-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Anti-nutrients are substances either found naturally or are of synthetic origin, which leads to the inactivation of nutrients and limits their utilization in metabolic processes. Phytic acid is classified as an anti-nutrient, as it has a strong binding affinity with most minerals like Fe, Zn, Mg, Ca, Mn, and Cd and impairs their proper metabolism. Removing anti-nutrients from cereal grains may enable the bioavailability of both macro- and micronutrients which is the desired goal of genetic engineering tools for the betterment of agronomic traits. Several strategies have been adopted to minimize phytic acid content in plants. Pursuing the molecular strategies, there are several studies, which result in the decrement of the total phytic acid content in grains of major as well as minor crops. Biosynthesis of phytic acid mainly takes place in the seed comprising lipid-dependent and lipid-independent pathways, involving various enzymes. Furthermore, some studies show that interruption of these enzymes may involve the pleiotropic effect. However, using modern biotechnological approaches, undesirable agronomic traits can be removed. This review presents an overview of different genes encoding the various enzymes involved in the biosynthetic pathway of phytic acid which is being targeted for its reduction. It also, highlights and enumerates the variety of potential applications of genome editing tools such as TALEN, ZFN, and CRISPR/Cas9 to knock out the desired genes, and RNAi for their silencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshu Sahu
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, U.P, 226001, India
| | - Rita Verma
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, U.P, 226001, India
| | - Uma Gupta
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, U.P, 226001, India
| | - Shashi Kashyap
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, U.P, 226001, India
| | - Indraneel Sanyal
- Plant Transgenic Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, U.P, 226001, India.
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Lu WC, Chiu CS, Chan YJ, Mulio AT, Li PH. New perspectives on different Sacha inchi seed oil extractions and its applications in the food and cosmetic industries. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37950645 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2276882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Sacha inchi oil is growing in demand worldwide owing to its high fatty acid content of linolenic acid (44.30%-51.62%) and linoleic acid (34.08%-36.13%). In addition, Sacha inchi oil also contains phytosterols, such as stigmasterols (346- 456 μg/g), sitosterols (435-563 μg/g), and campesterols (10.47% ± 4.36%). Its main tocopherol is gamma-tocopherol (120.41-125.69 mg/100 g). The antinutrients in Sacha inchi seeds can be reduced by roasting prior to extraction. Various extractions, including both conventional and novel methods, have been used to extract Sacha inchi oil. However, the variety of extraction methods and origins of the seeds change the nutrient profiles, antinutrient content, and physicochemical properties. Incorporation of Sacha inchi oil into food products can increase its nutritional value, and it works as a moisturizing agent in cosmetic products. To obtain Sacha inchi oil with the desired properties and nutritional profile, this review summarizes the effects of different Sacha inchi seed oil extraction methods and processes on chemical compounds, antinutrient content, and physicochemical properties, including their potential and recent applications in food and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chien Lu
- Department of Food and Beverage Management, Chung-Jen Junior College of Nursing, Health Sciences and Management, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Shan Chiu
- Department of Dermatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung city, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Jia Chan
- College of Biotechnology and Bioresources, Da-Yeh University, Changhua county, Taiwan
| | | | - Po-Hsien Li
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung City, Taiwan
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Kumari A, Roy A. Enhancing micronutrient absorption through simultaneous fortification and phytic acid degradation. Food Sci Biotechnol 2023; 32:1235-1256. [PMID: 37362807 PMCID: PMC10290024 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01255-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytic acid (PA), an endogenous antinutrient in cereals and legumes, hinders mineral absorption by forming less bioavailable, stable PA-mineral complexes. For individual micronutrients, the PA-to-mineral molar ratio below the critical level ensures better bioavailability and is achieved by adding minerals or removing PA from cereals and pulses. Although several PA reduction and fortification strategies are available, the inability to completely eradicate or degrade PA using available techniques always subdues fortification's impact by hindering fortified micronutrient absorption. The bioavailability of micronutrients could be increased through simultaneous PA degradation and fortification. Following primary PA reduction of the raw material, the fortification step should also incorporate additional essential control stages to further PA inactivation, improving micronutrient absorption. In this review, the chemistry of PA interaction with metal ions, associated controlling parameters, and its impact on PA reduction during fortification is also evaluated, and further suggestions were made for the fortification's success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankanksha Kumari
- Laboratory of Applied Food Chemistry, Microbiology, and Process Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand India
| | - Anupam Roy
- Laboratory of Applied Food Chemistry, Microbiology, and Process Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand India
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Li B, Hao W, Wu A, Zhou M, Yan Q, Zhang H, Su L. Preparation and characterization of PA/P(AA- co-AM) composite hydrogels via photopolymerization. RSC Adv 2023; 13:22831-22837. [PMID: 37520099 PMCID: PMC10373633 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04118b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study synthesized a deep eutectic solvent (DES) using acrylic acid (AA), acrylamide (AM), and choline chloride (ChCl), and added phytic acid (PA) as a filler. Subsequently, the PA/P(AA-co-AM) composite hydrogel was prepared under ultraviolet irradiation and used a photoinitiator. Characterization of the hydrogels was conducted using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The study aimed to investigate the impact of PA on the mechanical properties, fatigue resistance, and electrical conductivity of the composite hydrogel. The findings demonstrated that as the mass fraction of PA increased, the compressive strength of the composite hydrogel gradually decreased, yet the fatigue resistance of the composite hydrogel increased. Specifically, after 10 cycles of compression, the resilience recovery rate of FP0 dropped from 86.9% to 70.4%, the maximum stress recovery rate of FP1 dropped from 97.9% to 89.4%, the maximum stress recovery rate of FP2 dropped from 94.4% to 86.6%, and the maximum stress recovery rate of FP3 dropped from 97.3% to 93%. Overall, this study offers a straightforward and efficient method for producing composite hydrogels with both fatigue resistance and electrical conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University Wuhan Hubei 430023 China
| | - Wenrui Hao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University Wuhan Hubei 430023 China
| | - Aolin Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University Wuhan Hubei 430023 China
| | - Mengjing Zhou
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University Wuhan Hubei 430023 China
| | - Qinghua Yan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University Wuhan Hubei 430023 China
| | - Heng Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University Wuhan Hubei 430023 China
| | - Lihua Su
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University Wuhan Hubei 430023 China
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Katoch R, Sanadya SK, Pathania K, Chaudhary HK. Nutritional and nutraceutical potential of rice bean ( Vigna umbellata) -a legume with hidden potential. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1126544. [PMID: 37360302 PMCID: PMC10289016 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1126544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the recent years there has been paradigm shift in global agriculture for the exploration of different underutilized crops as future potential crops. Rice bean [Vigna umbellata (Thunb.) Ohwi and Ohashi] one of the lesser known pulses among Vigna species has gained attention during last decade as food and nutritional security crop. Rice bean seeds are well-balanced source of beneficial constituents such as protein, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and anti-oxidants for health benefits and combating malnourishment in human. In the present investigation, seeds of 15 diverse rice bean accessions from north-western Himalayan region were analyzed for nutrients, anti-nutrients and nutraceutical traits. Significant differences were observed among genotypes for different traits. The rice bean genotypes revealed variation for major quality traits including total carbohydrates (50.56-56.87%), crude protein content (22.56-25.97%) and lipid content (1.87 to 3.17%) with the higher proportion of linolenic acid followed by linoleic acid which are nutritionally desirable PUFAs. The genotype IC-548758 revealed higher proportion of desirable quality traits. Among protein fractions, globulins and albumins constituted major seed storage protein fraction in rice bean seeds. The wide range variation was also observed for anti-nutrients like including raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs), phenolics, tannins, trypsin inhibitor (TI), phytic acid, lipoxygenase activity and saponin content among genotypes. Insignificant correlation among iron, zinc, magnesium and manganese revealed good selection accuracy for genetic biofortification program in rice bean. In summary, the genotype IC-548757, IC-548760 and IC-548770 revealed lower proportion of anti-nutrients, whereas, the genotype IC-548759 and IC-548757 revealed higher level of free radical scavenging activity indicating nutritional and nutraceutical superiority of these genotypes. Overall, the study revealed nutritional superiority of genotype IC-548770, IC-548758 and IC-548760 with balanced proportions of nutrients and anti-nutrients. Rice bean legume has the potential to support more sustainable and resilient food and nutritional security in future. Our study highlights the potential of different rice bean genotypes as functional ingredients for future food and nutritional security programmes.
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Phosphorus-Containing Polymers as Sensitive Biocompatible Probes for 31P Magnetic Resonance. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052334. [PMID: 36903579 PMCID: PMC10005191 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The visualization of organs and tissues using 31P magnetic resonance (MR) imaging represents an immense challenge. This is largely due to the lack of sensitive biocompatible probes required to deliver a high-intensity MR signal that can be distinguished from the natural biological background. Synthetic water-soluble phosphorus-containing polymers appear to be suitable materials for this purpose due to their adjustable chain architecture, low toxicity, and favorable pharmacokinetics. In this work, we carried out a controlled synthesis, and compared the MR properties, of several probes consisting of highly hydrophilic phosphopolymers differing in composition, structure, and molecular weight. Based on our phantom experiments, all probes with a molecular weight of ~3-400 kg·mol-1, including linear polymers based on poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC), poly(ethyl ethylenephosphate) (PEEP), and poly[bis(2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)]phosphazene (PMEEEP) as well as star-shaped copolymers composed of PMPC arms grafted onto poly(amidoamine) dendrimer (PAMAM-g-PMPC) or cyclotriphosphazene-derived cores (CTP-g-PMPC), were readily detected using a 4.7 T MR scanner. The highest signal-to-noise ratio was achieved by the linear polymers PMPC (210) and PMEEEP (62) followed by the star polymers CTP-g-PMPC (56) and PAMAM-g-PMPC (44). The 31P T1 and T2 relaxation times for these phosphopolymers were also favorable, ranging between 1078 and 2368 and 30 and 171 ms, respectively. We contend that select phosphopolymers are suitable for use as sensitive 31P MR probes for biomedical applications.
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Yang Z, Xie C, Bao Y, Liu F, Wang H, Wang Y. Oat: Current state and challenges in plant-based food applications. Trends Food Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2023.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
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13
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Roller S, Weiß TM, Li D, Liu W, Schipprack W, Melchinger AE, Hahn V, Leiser WL, Würschum T. Can we abandon phosphorus starter fertilizer in maize? Results from a diverse panel of elite and doubled haploid landrace lines of maize ( Zea mays L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1005931. [PMID: 36589134 PMCID: PMC9800985 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1005931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The importance of phosphorus (P) in agriculture contrasts with the negative environmental impact and the limited resources worldwide. Reducing P fertilizer application by utilizing more efficient genotypes is a promising way to address these issues. To approach this, a large panel of maize (Zea mays L.) comprising each 100 Flint and Dent elite lines and 199 doubled haploid lines from six landraces was assessed in multi-environment field trials with and without the application of P starter fertilizer. The treatment comparison showed that omitting the starter fertilizer can significantly affect traits in early plant development but had no effect on grain yield. Young maize plants provided with additional P showed an increased biomass, faster growth and superior vigor, which, however, was only the case under environmental conditions considered stressful for maize cultivation. Importantly, though the genotype-by-treatment interaction variance was comparably small, there is genotypic variation for this response that can be utilized in breeding. The comparison of elite and doubled haploid landrace lines revealed a superior agronomic performance of elite material but also potentially valuable variation for early traits in the landrace doubled haploid lines. In conclusion, our results illustrate that breeding for P efficient maize cultivars is possible towards a reduction of P fertilizer in a more sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Roller
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Thea M. Weiß
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
- State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Dongdong Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, The Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Beijing Municipality, National Maize Improvement Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, The Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Beijing Municipality, National Maize Improvement Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wolfgang Schipprack
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Albrecht E. Melchinger
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Volker Hahn
- State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Willmar L. Leiser
- State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Tobias Würschum
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
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14
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Xu S, Martin NF, Matthews JW, Arai Y. Accumulation and release of organic phosphorus (P) from legacy P-affected soils to adjacent drainage water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:33885-33899. [PMID: 35032268 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18481-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Legacy effects of P in agricultural soils have been highlighted in recent literature. However, co-accumulation and release of organic P (Po) have often been ignored in current agro-environmental assessments. The mineralizable Po fraction has a potential to increase the activity of phosphate in pore water, increasing fertility or degrading water quality. In this study, the effects of agricultural management practices (fertilizer applied corn-soybean rotation cropland and dairy manure applied pasture) on the Po/phosphate ratio were investigated in P-rich (290-1232 mg kg-1) agricultural soils and adjacent ditchwater using experimental soil-water chemistry. The effect of agricultural management was significant on both Po and the Po/phosphate ratio in soil and adjacent ditchwater. The Po content, dominated by orthophosphate monoesters, in the manure-amended pasture (average ~ 245 mg kg-1) was significantly greater than that in the fertilizer-applied cropland (average 103 mg kg-1). The Po/phosphate ratio was also significantly greater in the manure-amended pasture (0.54) than in the fertilizer-applied cropland (0.42). Similarly, water quality data also showed that ditchwater near the pasture had a significantly greater flux of dissolved non-reactive P and a greater Po/phosphate ratio compared to the water near the fertilizer-applied sites. Furthermore, a greater Po/phosphate ratio in ditchwater was often observed during wet periods, and the ratio was positively correlated to the discharge (r = 0.42, p = 0.003). The study showed the agricultural management-specific Po accumulation and release and - Po/phosphate ratio that might affect the fate of P in agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suwei Xu
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, 61801, USA
| | - Nicolas F Martin
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, 61801, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Matthews
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, 61801, USA
| | - Yuji Arai
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, 61801, USA.
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15
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Sarkhel S, Roy A. Phytic acid and its reduction in pulse matrix: Structure–function relationship owing to bioavailability enhancement of micronutrients. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shubhajit Sarkhel
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering Birla Institute of Technology Ranchi Jharkhand India
| | - Anupam Roy
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering Birla Institute of Technology Ranchi Jharkhand India
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16
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Recent Advances in Development of Waste-Based Polymer Materials: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14051050. [PMID: 35267873 PMCID: PMC8914771 DOI: 10.3390/polym14051050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited petroleum sources, suitable law regulations, and higher awareness within society has caused sustainable development of manufacturing and recycling of polymer blends and composites to be gaining increasing attention. This work aims to report recent advances in the manufacturing of environmentally friendly and low-cost polymer materials based on post-production and post-consumer wastes. Sustainable development of three groups of materials: wood polymer composites, polyurethane foams, and rubber recycling products were comprehensively described. Special attention was focused on examples of industrially applicable technologies developed in Poland over the last five years. Moreover, current trends and limitations in the future “green” development of waste-based polymer materials were also discussed.
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17
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Zhang Y, Peng C, Zeng Z, Zhang X, Zhang L, Ma Y, Wang Z. Sustainable Phytic Acid-Zinc Anticorrosion Interface for Highly Reversible Zinc Metal Anodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:10419-10427. [PMID: 35179367 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) promise high capacity, low cost, and environmental friendliness, the Zn metal anode suffers from limited reversibility and unsatisfied lifespan arising from severe dendritic growth and inevitable interfacial corrosion. In this regard, constructing the artificial protective interfacial layer on the Zn metal foil has been recognized as an effective strategy to realize durable AZIBs. Inspired by the phytic acid (PA) anticorrosion conversion coating layer for industrial metal protection, herein, we designed a dense and conformal PA-Zn complex layer on the Zn anodes through a feasible, rapid wet-chemistry chelating reaction. The in situ formed uniform PA-Zn coating layer on the surface of Zn anodes can serve as a protective layer inhibiting corrosion reaction. More importantly, the desolvation energy of Zn2+ is effectively reduced by the PA-Zn layer, which gives rise to enhanced kinetics of Zn plating/stripping for uniform Zn deposition. Consequently, the PA-Zn metal anode delivered a low overpotential of 36 mV and a long lifespan over 1400 h at 2 mA cm-2 with a capacity of 1 mA h cm-2. The feasibility of PA-Zn anodes is also verified in the as-constructed PANI@V2O5||Zn full cells. This work paves the way for designing a multifunctional interface layer on Zn metal and promotes the development of high-performance AZIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan Joint International Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology for Clean Energy, Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Applied Technology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Chi Peng
- College of Electrical Engineering & New Energy, China Three Gorges University, 8 Daxue Road, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Zhi Zeng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan Joint International Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology for Clean Energy, Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Applied Technology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiangni Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan Joint International Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology for Clean Energy, Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Applied Technology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- College of Electrical Engineering & New Energy, China Three Gorges University, 8 Daxue Road, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Yue Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan Joint International Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology for Clean Energy, Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Applied Technology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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18
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Yin L, Mi N, Yao Y, Li J, Hu X, Zhang Y, Yang S, Ni L, Li S, He H. Preparation of nano-ferrous sulfide modified with phytate for efficient Cr(VI) removal in aqueous solutions. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022:1-10. [PMID: 35099365 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2036249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phytate-modified nano-ferrous sulfide (IP6-nano-FeS) was successfully prepared to overcome the low efficiency of heavy metal removal by nano-ferrous sulfide (nano-FeS) due to the agglomeration and easy oxidization of this reducing agent. The results showed that IP6-nano-FeS improved the dispersion of nano-FeS particles, and the maximum Cr(VI) removal reached 436.94 ± 25.40 mg/g. A more novel contribution of this study is that Cr(VI) removal by IP6-nano-FeS was enhanced in the presence of Mg2+, Ca2+, and O2. The removal efficiency increased by ∼10% and ∼8.5% in the presence of conventional cations (Mg2+ and Ca2+: 2-10 g/L) and O2, respectively. The application potential of IP6-nano-FeS for the rapid removal of Cr(VI)-contamination in the presence of aerobic and coexisting cations was confirmed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yin
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Mi
- Jiangsu Suli Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Youru Yao
- School of Geography and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Hu
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Shaogui Yang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixiao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education; School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyin Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan He
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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19
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Iron-doped calcium phytate nanoparticles as a bio-responsive contrast agent in 1H/ 31P magnetic resonance imaging. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2118. [PMID: 35136162 PMCID: PMC8826874 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06125-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the MR properties of a novel bio-responsive phosphorus probe doped with iron for dual proton and phosphorus magnetic resonance imaging (1H/31P-MRI), which provide simultaneously complementary information. The probes consist of non-toxic biodegradable calcium phytate (CaIP6) nanoparticles doped with different amounts of cleavable paramagnetic Fe3+ ions. Phosphorus atoms in the phytate structure delivered an efficient 31P-MR signal, with iron ions altering MR contrast for both 1H and 31P-MR. The coordinated paramagnetic Fe3+ ions broadened the 31P-MR signal spectral line due to the short T2 relaxation time, resulting in more hypointense signal. However, when Fe3+ was decomplexed from the probe, relaxation times were prolonged. As a result of iron release, intensity of 1H-MR, as well as the 31P-MR signal increase. These 1H and 31P-MR dual signals triggered by iron decomplexation may have been attributable to biochemical changes in the environment with strong iron chelators, such as bacterial siderophore (deferoxamine). Analysing MR signal alternations as a proof-of-principle on a phantom at a 4.7 T magnetic field, we found that iron presence influenced 1H and 31P signals and signal recovery via iron chelation using deferoxamine.
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20
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Lu J, Li X, Qiu C, McClements DJ, Jiao A, Wang J, Jin Z. Preparation and Characterization of Food-Grade Pickering Emulsions Stabilized with Chitosan-Phytic Acid-Cyclodextrin Nanoparticles. Foods 2022; 11:foods11030450. [PMID: 35159600 PMCID: PMC8834252 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to fabricate food-grade Pickering emulsions stabilized by chitosan-phytic acid-β-cyclodextrin (CS-PA-CD) nanoparticles. The CS-PA-CD nanoparticles were characterized with FITR, XRD, and TGA to prove its successfully crosslinking, then characterized by DLS system and scanning electron microscopy showing the smallest average particle size was 434.2 ± 2.5 nm and it increased with the ratio of PA-CD to CS increasing. Pickering emulsions stabilized by CS-PA-CD nanoparticles was prepared and it showed the best stability at around pH 6. The particle concentration higher than 1.0% (w/v) and the oil fraction above 0.5% (v/v) could reach the emulsion stability. In addition, the Pickering emulsions were stable at various temperature (30–70 °C) and influenced by the certain change of ionic strength (0–500 mM). These CS-PA-CD Pickering emulsions showed great application in the formation of functional foods and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.L.); (C.Q.); (A.J.)
| | - Xiaojing Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Chao Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.L.); (C.Q.); (A.J.)
| | | | - Aiquan Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.L.); (C.Q.); (A.J.)
| | - Jinpeng Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), 11 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, China;
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (J.L.); (C.Q.); (A.J.)
- Correspondence:
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21
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Improving effect of phytase treatment on the functional properties and in vitro digestibility of protein isolate from Cinnamomum camphora seed kernel. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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22
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Yu Z, Ma S, Liu Y, Su Y, Feng H, Li P, Dong Y, Tang Z, Zhang K, Zhu J. Facile synthesis of bio-based latent curing agent and its high-Tg epoxy network. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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23
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Kinetic control of Phytic acid/Lixisenatide/Fe (III) ternary nanoparticles assembly process for sustained peptide release. Int J Pharm 2022; 611:121317. [PMID: 34838624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The preferable choice of sustained peptide delivery systems is generally polymer-based microspheres in which their large particle size, wide size distribution, low drug encapsulation efficacy, poor colloidal stability, and undesirable burst release eventually hinder their clinical translation. In this study, a nanoscale ternary Lixisenatide (Lix) sustained delivery system based on strong multivalent interactions (electrostatic and coordination complexation) among small molecular phytic acid (PA), Lix and Fe3+ was developed. Flash nanocomplexation (FNC) was utilized to facilitate the rapid and efficient mixing of the three components and kinetically control the assembly process that enabled dynamic balance of two competitive chemical reactions with different kinetic rates (slow chemical reaction of PA/Lix and fast chemical reaction of PA/Fe3+) to generate structural uniform ternary nanoparticles and avoid heterogeneous complexes. By tuning the mixing conditions (i.e., flow rate, mass ratio, concentration, pH value, etc.), the ternary PA/Lix/Fe3+ nanoparticles were assembled with reproducible production in a manner of high uniformity and scalability, achieving small size (∼50 nm), uniform composition (PDI: ∼0.12), favourable colloidal stability, high encapsulation efficiency (∼100%), and tunable drug release kinetics. The optimized formulation exhibited a minor Lix release (<20%) in the first day and extended peptide release period over 8 days. Unexpectedly, upon a single injection administration, the as-prepared formulation (600 μg/kg) rapidly brought the high BGL (∼30 mmol/L) back to normal range (<10 mmol/L) within the initial 6 h and achieved a 180 h glycemic control in T2D mouse model. Moreover, this sustained peptide delivery system demonstrated a repeatable hypoglycemic effects and significantly suppressed the pathological damage of major organs following multiple injection. This sustained peptide delivery system with aqueous, facile and reproducible preparation process possesses good biocompatibility, tunable release kinetics, and prolonged hypoglycemic effects, portending its great translational potential in the chronic disease treatment.
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24
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Liu H, Zhao H, Ye L, Fan D, Wang Z. Effects of the combination of phytic acid and vacuum packaging on storage quality of fresh-cut lettuce. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.fstr-d-21-00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Mountain Grape Resources Development for Innovative Research Team of Jilin Province
| | - Hanyu Zhao
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University
| | - Lulu Ye
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University
| | - Duoduo Fan
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University
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25
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Kamaral C, Neate SM, Gunasinghe N, Milham PJ, Paterson DJ, Kopittke PM, Seneweera S. Genetic biofortification of wheat with zinc: Opportunities to fine-tune zinc uptake, transport and grain loading. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13612. [PMID: 34970752 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is an important micronutrient in the human body, and health complications associated with insufficient dietary intake of Zn can be overcome by increasing the bioavailable concentrations in edible parts of crops (biofortification). Wheat (Triticum aestivum L) is the most consumed cereal crop in the world; therefore, it is an excellent target for Zn biofortification programs. Knowledge of the physiological and molecular processes that regulate Zn concentration in the wheat grain is restricted, inhibiting the success of genetic Zn biofortification programs. This review helps break this nexus by advancing understanding of those processes, including speciation regulated uptake, root to shoot transport, remobilisation, grain loading and distribution of Zn in wheat grain. Furthermore, new insights to genetic Zn biofortification of wheat are discussed, and where data are limited, we draw upon information for other cereals and Fe distribution. We identify the loading and distribution of Zn in grain as major bottlenecks for biofortification, recognising anatomical barriers in the vascular region at the base of the grain, and physiological and molecular restrictions localised in the crease region as major limitations. Movement of Zn from the endosperm cavity into the modified aleurone, aleurone and then to the endosperm is mainly regulated by ZIP and YSL transporters. Zn complexation with phytic acid in the aleurone limits Zn mobility into the endosperm. These insights, together with synchrotron-X-ray-fluorescence microscopy, support the hypothesis that a focus on the mechanisms of Zn loading into the grain will provide new opportunities for Zn biofortification of wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandima Kamaral
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Stephen M Neate
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Faculty of Sciences, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, South Australia, Australia
| | - Niroshini Gunasinghe
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paul J Milham
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David J Paterson
- Australian Synchrotron, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter M Kopittke
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Saman Seneweera
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Agriculture and Food Systems, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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26
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Schmelter L, Rohm H, Struck S. Gluten-free bakery products: Cookies made from different Vicia faba bean varieties. FUTURE FOODS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fufo.2021.100038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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27
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Eco-approach for pharmaceutical removal: Thermochemical waste valorisation, biochar adsorption and electro-assisted regeneration. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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28
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Chen Z, Zhang S, Ding M, Wang M, Xu X. Construction of a Phytic Acid-Silica System in Wood for Highly Efficient Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:4164. [PMID: 34361358 PMCID: PMC8347795 DOI: 10.3390/ma14154164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The intrinsic flammability of wood restricts its application in various fields. In this study, we constructed a phytic acid (PA)-silica hybrid system in wood by a vacuum-pressure impregnation process to improve its flame retardancy and smoke suppression. The system was derived from a simple mixture of PA and silica sol. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated an incorporation of the PA molecules into the silica network. Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis showed that the system greatly enhanced the char yield of wood from 1.5% to 32.1% (in air) and the thermal degradation rates were decreased. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the PA/silica-nanosol-treated wood was 47.3%. Cone calorimetry test (CCT) was conducted, which revealed large reductions in the heat release rate and smoke production rate. The appearance of the second heat release peak was delayed, indicating the enhanced thermal stability of the char residue. The mechanism underlying flame retardancy was analyzed by field-emission scanning electron microscope coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), FTIR, and TG-FTIR. The improved flame retardancy and smoke-suppression property of the wood are mainly attributed to the formation of an intact and coherent char residue with crosslinked structures, which can protect against the transfer of heat and mass (flammable gases, smoke) during burning. Moreover, the hybrid system did not significantly alter the mechanical properties of wood, such as compressive strength and hardness. This approach can be extended to fabricate other phosphorus and silicon materials for enhancing the fire safety of wood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mingzhi Wang
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.C.); (S.Z.); (M.D.); (X.X.)
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29
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Hong B, Kim BG. Supplemental phytase increases phosphorus digestibility in pigs regardless of phytase source or feed pelleting. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.114901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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30
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Vashishth R, Semwal AD, Naika M, Sharma GK, Kumar R. Influence of cooking methods on antinutritional factors, oligosaccharides and protein quality of underutilized legume Macrotyloma uniflorum. Food Res Int 2021; 143:110299. [PMID: 33992319 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Macrotyloma uniflorum is a salubrious but underutilized legume mainly consumed in semi-arid zones of Africa, Australia and India. Various antinutritional factors- phytates, oxalates and oligosaccharides- has limited its consumption. Current work describes the influence of various thermal processing technologies - autoclaving, microwave, micronization and extrusion- on antinutritional profile, phenolic acid profile and protein digestibility of two selected varieties. Significant (p ≤ 0.05) reduction in antinutritional content was observed for horse gram grains processed using various thermal technologies. Among all processing technologies extrusion caused marked degradation in antinutritional components. The reduction in oxalic acid, trypsin inhibitor, phytates and tannins ranged from 33 to 87 %, 77-82%, 33-60% and 51-66% respectively. Further, the decline in content of various oligosaccharides viz. raffinose, stachyose and verbascose varied from 36 to 61 %, 25-49% and 30-74% respectively for both the varieties. Although extrusion caused significant (p ≤ 0.05) decrease in the essential amino acid index and protein efficiency ratio, simultaneous increased was observed in biological value. The processing had significant (p ≤ 0.05) impact on grain antinutritional content and also retained its substantial functional properties. This establishes the utility of grain and promote the introduction of these new grains and enlarge the market of novel healthy foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Vashishth
- Department of Food Technology Vignan Foundation for Science, Technology and Research Vadlamudi, Guntur 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - A D Semwal
- Grain Science and Technology Department Defence Food Research Laboratory (DFRL), Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO) Ministry of Defence (MOD), Govt of India, Siddhartha Nagar, Mysuru, Karnataka 570011, India.
| | - Mahadeva Naika
- Grain Science and Technology Department Defence Food Research Laboratory (DFRL), Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO) Ministry of Defence (MOD), Govt of India, Siddhartha Nagar, Mysuru, Karnataka 570011, India
| | - G K Sharma
- Grain Science and Technology Department Defence Food Research Laboratory (DFRL), Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO) Ministry of Defence (MOD), Govt of India, Siddhartha Nagar, Mysuru, Karnataka 570011, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Food Technology Vignan Foundation for Science, Technology and Research Vadlamudi, Guntur 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Bean-Hodgins L, Kiarie EG. Mandated restrictions on the use of medically important antibiotics in broiler chicken production in Canada: implications, emerging challenges, and opportunities for bolstering gastrointestinal function and health– A review. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2021-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chicken Farmers of Canada has been progressively phasing out prophylactic use of antibiotics in broiler chicken production. Consequently, hatcheries, veterinarians, and nutritionists have been mandated to contend with less reliance on use of preventive antibiotics. A topical concern is the increased risk of proliferation of enteric pathogens leading to poor performance, increased mortality and compromised welfare. Moreover, the gut harbors several taxa such as Campylobacter and Salmonella capable of causing significant illnesses in humans via contaminated poultry products. This has created opportunity for research and development of dietary strategies designed to modulate gastrointestinal environment for enhanced performance and food safety. Albeit with inconsistent responses, literature data suggests that dietary strategies such as feed enzymes, probiotics/prebiotics and phytogenic feed additives can bolster gut health and function in broiler chickens. However, much of the efficacy data was generated at controlled research settings that vary significantly with the complex commercial broiler production operations due to variation in dietary, health and environmental conditions. This review will summarize implications of mandated restrictions on the preventative use of antibiotics and emerging Canadian broiler production programs to meet processor specifications. Challenges and opportunities for integrating alternative dietary strategies in commercial broiler production settings will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Bean-Hodgins
- New-Life Mills, A division of Parrish & Heimbecker, Cambridge , Ontario, Canada
- University of Guelph, 3653, Department of Animal Biosciences, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elijah G. Kiarie
- University of Guelph, Department of Animal Biosciences, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G 2W1
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Jastrzab R, Nowak M, Zabiszak M, Odani A, Kaczmarek MT. Significance and properties of the complex formation of phosphate and polyphosphate groups in particles present in living cells. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Organic Black Beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) from Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, Present More Phenolic Compounds and Better Nutritional Profile Than Nonorganic. Foods 2021; 10:foods10040900. [PMID: 33921869 PMCID: PMC8073876 DOI: 10.3390/foods10040900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Brazil is the world’s third largest common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) producer, and 60% of its population consumes this legume. Although organic farming is a sustainable alternative to nonorganic agriculture, its effect on chemical composition is still controversial. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate differences in the nutritional and phenolic compounds profiles between organically and nonorganically produced Brazilian black beans. Samples were obtained from the same harvest periods and from near geographical locations at metropolitan and coastal regions of Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. No residues of 294 evaluated pesticides were detected in the samples. In both regions, organic beans had 17% fewer lipids, 10% less phytate and 20% more proteins when compared to nonorganic ones. Sixteen different phenolic compounds were identified as soluble and insoluble forms in black beans, with anthocyanins being the most abundant (on average, 66%). In both regions, soluble and total phenolic compounds contents in organic beans were consistently higher (on average, 25% and 28%, respectively) than in nonorganic ones. Our results show that organic farming improves the nutritional profile and increases the phenolic compounds content of black beans.
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Liu Q, Yang F, Zhang J, Liu H, Rahman S, Islam S, Ma W, She M. Application of CRISPR/Cas9 in Crop Quality Improvement. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4206. [PMID: 33921600 PMCID: PMC8073294 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The various crop species are major agricultural products and play an indispensable role in sustaining human life. Over a long period, breeders strove to increase crop yield and improve quality through traditional breeding strategies. Today, many breeders have achieved remarkable results using modern molecular technologies. Recently, a new gene-editing system, named the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 technology, has also succeeded in improving crop quality. It has become the most popular tool for crop improvement due to its versatility. It has accelerated crop breeding progress by virtue of its precision in specific gene editing. This review summarizes the current application of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in crop quality improvement. It includes the modulation in appearance, palatability, nutritional components and other preferred traits of various crops. In addition, the challenge in its future application is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qier Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; (F.Y.); (J.Z.); (H.L.); (S.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Fan Yang
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; (F.Y.); (J.Z.); (H.L.); (S.R.); (S.I.)
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Jingjuan Zhang
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; (F.Y.); (J.Z.); (H.L.); (S.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Hang Liu
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; (F.Y.); (J.Z.); (H.L.); (S.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Shanjida Rahman
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; (F.Y.); (J.Z.); (H.L.); (S.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Shahidul Islam
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; (F.Y.); (J.Z.); (H.L.); (S.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Wujun Ma
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; (F.Y.); (J.Z.); (H.L.); (S.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Maoyun She
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; (F.Y.); (J.Z.); (H.L.); (S.R.); (S.I.)
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Bloot APM, Kalschne DL, Amaral JAS, Baraldi IJ, Canan C. A Review of Phytic Acid Sources, Obtention, and Applications. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1906697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Marinho Bloot
- Departamento de Alimentos, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Medianeira, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Daneysa Lahis Kalschne
- Departamento de Alimentos, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Medianeira, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Joana Andrêa Soares Amaral
- Centro de Investigacão de Montanha, Instituto Politecnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolonia, Bragança, Portugal
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ilton José Baraldi
- Departamento de Alimentos, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Medianeira, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Canan
- Departamento de Alimentos, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Medianeira, Paraná, Brazil
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Assessing adaptive requirements and breeding potential of spelt under Mediterranean environment. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7208. [PMID: 33785769 PMCID: PMC8010017 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86276-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The rising demand for spelt wheat (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) as a high-value grain crop has raised interest in its introduction into non-traditional spelt growing areas. This study aimed to assess adaptive constrains of spelt under short Mediterranean season. At first screening of a wide spelt collection for phenology and allelic distribution at the photoperiod (PPD) and vernalization (VRN) loci was done. In addition an in-depth phenotypic evaluation of a selected panel (n = 20) was performed, including agronomically important traits and concentration of grain mineral (GMC) and grain protein (GPC) content. Results from both wide screening and in-depth in panel (group of 18 spelt lines and two bread wheat lines) evaluation shows that the major adaptive constraint for spelt under Mediterranean conditions is late heading, caused by day length sensitivity, as evident from phenology and allelic profile (PPD and VRN). All lines carrying the photoperiod-sensitive allele (PPD-D1b) were late flowering (> 120DH). Based on the panel field evaluations those consequently suffer from low grain yield and poor agronomic performances. As for minerals, GMC for all but Zn, significantly correlated with GPC. In general, GMC negatively correlated with yield which complicated the assessment of GMC per-se and challenge the claim for higher mineral content in spelt grains. The exceptions were, Fe and Zn, which did not correlate with yield. Spelt lines showing high Fe and Zn concentration in a high-yield background illustrate their potential for spelt wheat breeding. Improving spelt adaptation to Mediterranean environments could be mediated by introducing the insensitive-PPD-D1a allele to spelt wheat background. Following this breeding path spelt could better compete with bread wheat under short season with limited and fluctuating rain fall.
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Masenya TI, Mlambo V, Mnisi CM. Complete replacement of maize grain with sorghum and pearl millet grains in Jumbo quail diets: Feed intake, physiological parameters, and meat quality traits. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249371. [PMID: 33780513 PMCID: PMC8007063 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In sub-Saharan Africa, the use of maize (Zea mays L.) grain as an energy source in poultry feeds has become unsustainable due to competing demands and suboptimal growing conditions for the maize crop. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor Moench L.) and pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) grains are potential sustainable alternatives, given their tolerance to local growing conditions. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of total replacement of maize grain with whole or crushed sorghum and pearl millet grains on feed intake, and physiological and meat quality parameters of Jumbo quail. Five experimental diets were formulated by completely replacing crushed maize grain in a commercial grower diet (CON) with whole sorghum (WSG), crushed sorghum (CSG), whole millet (WMG), or crushed millet (CMG). Three hundred and fifty, two-week-old Jumbo quail chicks (74.7 ± 8.81 g live-weight) were evenly distributed into 35 replicate pens to which the experimental diets were allotted. Statistically similar (P > 0.05) weight gain and FCE values were observed between birds reared on the control and pearl millet-based diets. However, birds fed with sorghum-based diets had the lowest FCE and weight gain. Blood parameters fell within the normal ranges reported for healthy quail. Birds fed the whole sorghum grain diet had the least (P < 0.05) serum calcium and higher monocytes, cholesterol, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentrations compared to those reared on the control diet. Compared to the control, the whole sorghum-containing diet reduced (P < 0.05) carcass, breast, wing, thigh, drumstick, liver, gizzard, and large intestine weights of the birds. Complete replacement of maize grain with pearl millet grain (whole or crushed) did not compromise feed intake, growth performance, and meat quality traits of the Jumbo quail birds. However, whole sorghum grain reduced growth performance of the birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thabiso Isaac Masenya
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural Science, North-West University, Mafikeng, South Africa
| | - Victor Mlambo
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Mpumalanga, Nelspruit, South Africa
| | - Caven Mguvane Mnisi
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural Science, North-West University, Mafikeng, South Africa
- Food Security and Safety Niche area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, North-West University, Mafikeng, South Africa
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Feizollahi E, Mirmahdi RS, Zoghi A, Zijlstra RT, Roopesh MS, Vasanthan T. Review of the beneficial and anti-nutritional qualities of phytic acid, and procedures for removing it from food products. Food Res Int 2021; 143:110284. [PMID: 33992384 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Phytic acid (PA) is the primary phosphorus reserve in cereals and legumes which serves the biosynthesis needs of growing tissues during germination. It is generally considered to be an anti-nutritional factor found in grains because it can bind to minerals, proteins, and starch, limiting their bioavailability. However, this same mineral binding property can also confer a number of health benefits such as reducing the risk of certain cancers, supporting heart health, and managing renal stones. In addition, the ability of PA to bind minerals allows it to be used in certain food quality applications such as stabilizing the green color of vegetables, preventing lipid peroxidation, and reducing enzymatic browning in fruits/vegetables. These beneficial properties create a potential for added-value applications in the utilization of PA in many new areas. Many possible processing techniques for the preparation of raw materials in the food industry can be used to reduce the concentration of PA in foods to mitigate its anti-nutritional effects. In turn, the recovered PA by-products could be available for novel uses. In this review, a general overview of the beneficial and anti-nutritional effects of PA will be discussed and then dephytinization methods will be explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Feizollahi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Razieh Sadat Mirmahdi
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, P. O. Box: 193954741, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alaleh Zoghi
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, P. O. Box: 193954741, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ruurd T Zijlstra
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - M S Roopesh
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada.
| | - Thava Vasanthan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada.
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Nutritional composition, anti-nutritional factors, pretreatments-cum-processing impact and food formulation potential of faba bean (Vicia faba L.): A comprehensive review. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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40
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Forgione D, Nassar M, Seseogullari-Dirihan R, Thitthaweerat S, Tezvergil-Mutluay A. The effect of phytic acid on enzymatic degradation of dentin. Eur J Oral Sci 2021; 129:e12771. [PMID: 33644893 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of phytic acid on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)- or cysteine cathepsin (CC)-mediated dentin degradation. Demineralized dentin beams were divided into five groups (n = 12) and treated with 1%, 2%, or 3% phytic acid or with 37% phosphoric acid. Untreated demineralized beams served as controls. After incubation for 1 or 3 wk, dry mass loss was determined and aliquots of incubation media were analysed for cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) fragments for MMP-mediated and c-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) for cathepsin-k-mediated degradation. The direct effect of phytic acid was evaluated using MMP activity assay. Data were analysed using repeated-measures anova. ICTP releases with 1% and 2% phytic acid treatment were statistically significantly lower than those following phosphoric acid treatment at 3 wk. The CTX release for phytic acid-treated beams at 3 wk was not significantly different from that of untreated control beams, but it was significantly lower than that of phosphoric acid-treated beams. Their MMP activities at 3 wk were not significantly different from those of the controls but they were significantly lower than those seen for phosphoric acid-treated beams. Compared to phosphoric acid, phytic acid treatment resulted in a reduced dentinal host-derived endogenous enzymatic activity and collagen degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohannad Nassar
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | - Arzu Tezvergil-Mutluay
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Bredariol P, Vanin FM. Bread baking Review: Insight into Technological Aspects in order to Preserve Nutrition. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1878211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Bredariol
- Food Engineering Department, University of São Paulo, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering (USP/FZEA), Laboratory of Bread and Dough Process (LAPROPAMA), Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Maria Vanin
- Food Engineering Department, University of São Paulo, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering (USP/FZEA), Laboratory of Bread and Dough Process (LAPROPAMA), Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
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Wang R, Guo S. Phytic acid and its interactions: Contributions to protein functionality, food processing, and safety. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:2081-2105. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruican Wang
- Department of Food Science University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Shuntang Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Cereal Processing, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
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Effects of Dietary Fiber on Nutrients Utilization and Gut Health of Poultry: A Review of Challenges and Opportunities. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11010181. [PMID: 33466662 PMCID: PMC7828824 DOI: 10.3390/ani11010181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The inclusion of agricultural co-products has been increased to utilize the nutrients in these products available at low cost, but inherently, it adds a high dietary fiber content in the poultry diets. The use of exogenous feed enzymes along with advancements in feed milling, feed formulation, and processing of these non-conventional ingredients to improve their digestibility and utilization have played an emphatic role in boosting their use globally. Despite such developments, the presence of a high level of dietary fibers (DF) acting in an anti-nutritive manner still poses challenges in poultry feeding. Various isolated forms of fiber or feed enzymes to break DF into fermentable substrates are being used extensively to provide potential prebiotics to support beneficial gut microbiota or probiotics to improve the gut health of poultry raised without antibiotic growth promoters (AGP). This review reports and discusses the existing challenges in feeding high-DF feed ingredients to poultry and the opportunities that are available to improve the nutritive value of such non-conventional feed ingredients by adopting various technologies. Abstract Many fibrous ingredients incorporated in poultry feed to reduce production costs have low digestibility and cause poor growth in poultry. However, all plant-based fibers are not equal, and thus exert variable physiological effects on the birds, including but not limited to, digestibility, growth performance, and microbial fermentation. Several types of fibers, especially oligosaccharides, when supplemented in poultry diets in isolated form, exhibit prebiotic effects by enhancing beneficial gut microbiota, modulating gut immunity, boosting intestinal mucosal health, and increasing the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in the gut. Recently, poultry producers are also facing the challenge of limiting the use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in poultry feed. In addition to other alternatives in use, exogenous non-starch polysaccharides digesting enzymes (NSPase) and prebiotics are being used to provide substrates to support the gut microbiome. We also conducted a meta-analysis of different studies conducted in similar experimental conditions to evaluate the variability and conclusiveness in effects of NSPase on growth performance of broilers fed fibrous ingredients. This review presents a holistic approach in discussing the existing challenges of incorporating high-fiber ingredients in poultry feed, as well as strategies to fully utilize the potential of such ingredients in improving feed efficiency and gut health of poultry.
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Sosa RD, Conrad JC, Reynolds MA, Rimer JD. Suppressing barite crystallization with organophosphorus compounds. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00813g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A naturally derived phosphorous-containing molecule, phytate, functions as a dual inhibitor of barium sulfate (barite) nucleation and growth, making it a potentially viable environmentally-friendly alternative to current barite scale treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo D. Sosa
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Jacinta C. Conrad
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey D. Rimer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
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Comparative Evaluation of the Nutritional, Antinutritional, Functional, and Bioactivity Attributes of Rice Bran Stabilized by Different Heat Treatments. Foods 2020; 10:foods10010057. [PMID: 33379306 PMCID: PMC7824238 DOI: 10.3390/foods10010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different stabilization treatments—namely, dry-heating, infrared-radiation, and microwave-heating—on the nutritional, antinutritional, functional, and bioactivity attributes of rice bran (RB). Among the heating treatments, infrared-radiation exerted the strongest inactivation, resulting in 34.7% residual lipase activity. All the stabilization methods were found to be effective in the reduction of antinutrients, including phytates, oxalate, saponins, and trypsin inhibitors. No adverse effect of stabilization was noted on chemical composition and fatty acid profile of RB. Instead, stabilization by all heat treatments caused a significant decrease of vitamin E and total phenolics content in RB; the same trend was observed for the antioxidant activity as evaluated by the DPPH test. The antioxidant activity, as evaluated by ABTS and FRAP tests, and water absorption capacity were improved by the stabilization of RB, whereas the oil absorption capacity and emulsifying properties decreased. Microwave-heating enhanced the foaming properties, whereas infrared-radiation improved the water solubility index and swelling power of RB. Consequently, treatment of RB with infrared-radiation has a potential for industrialization to inactivate the lipase and improve some functional properties of this material for uses as a nutraceutical ingredient in food and cosmetic products.
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Novel Biodegradable Starch Film for Food Packaging with Antimicrobial Chicory Root Extract and Phytic Acid as a Cross-Linking Agent. Foods 2020; 9:foods9111696. [PMID: 33228075 PMCID: PMC7699324 DOI: 10.3390/foods9111696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to obtain and evaluate the properties of biodegradable starch film with the addition of phytic acid (0.05%) as a cross-linking agent and chicory root extract (1-5%) as an antimicrobial agent. To prepare biodegradable film, extracts from chicory root obtained with water or methanol were used. The content of bioactive compounds (sesquiterpene lactones and total polyphenols) was evaluated in chicory extracts. The antibacterial activity of the extracts was tested against Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens, Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus) using the microculture method. The extracts acted as bacteriostatic agents, decreasing the growth rate (µmax), and extending the lag phase (tlag). The most sensitive bacterium in terms of film bacteriostatic activity was P. fluorescens; all extracts, irrespective of the solvent used, decreased its µmax value. S. aureus was the least sensitive. The obtained films were tested for their properties as food packaging (color, thickness, permeability, mechanical strength). Phytic acid improved the tensile strength and barrier properties of the films. The antimicrobial activity of the films was studied by the disk diffusion method against Gram-negative (P. fluorescens, E. coli) and Gram-positive (B. subtilis, S. aureus) bacteria, as well as fungi (Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger). The growth-inhibiting activity of each obtained film was observed for all tested microorganisms, and the most beneficial effect was observed for films with the 5% level of added extracts obtained with water. The growth-inhibiting activity for fungi, in particular for the yeast C. albicans, was low.
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47
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Zhang YY, Stockmann R, Ng K, Ajlouni S. Revisiting phytate-element interactions: implications for iron, zinc and calcium bioavailability, with emphasis on legumes. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:1696-1712. [PMID: 33190514 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1846014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Myo-Inositol hexakisphosphate or phytic acid concentration is a prominent factor known to impede divalent element bioavailability in vegetal foods including legumes. Both in vivo and in vitro studies have suggested that phytic acid and other plant-based constituents may synergistically form insoluble complexes affecting bioavailability of essential elements. This review provides an overview of existing investigations on the role of phytic acid in the binding, solubility and bioavailability of iron, zinc and calcium with a focus on legumes. Given the presence of various interference factors within legume matrices, current findings suggest that the commonly adapted approach of using phytic acid-element molar ratios as a bioavailability predictor may only be valid in limited circumstances. In particular, differences between protein properties and molar concentrations of other interacting ions are likely responsible for the observed poor correlations. The role of phytate degradation in element bioavailability has been previously examined, and in this review we re-emphasize its importance as a tool to enhance mineral bioavailability of mineral fortified legume crops. Food processing strategies to achieve phytate reduction were identified as promising tools to increase mineral bioavailability and included germination and fermentation, particularly when other bioavailability promoters (e.g. NaCl) are simultaneously added.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yianna Y Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Ken Ng
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Said Ajlouni
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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48
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Marolt G, Gričar E, Pihlar B, Kolar M. Complex Formation of Phytic Acid With Selected Monovalent and Divalent Metals. Front Chem 2020; 8:582746. [PMID: 33173770 PMCID: PMC7539747 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.582746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of metal complexes with phytic acid is a complex process that depends strongly on the metal-to-ligand molar ratio, pH value and consequent protonation level of the phytate ligand as well as accompanying side reactions, in particular metal hydrolysis and precipitation of the formed coordination compounds. In the present work, the potentiometric titration technique was used in combination with a detailed analysis of the equivalent point dependencies for selected biologically relevant monovalent and divalent cations from the groups of alkaline earths and transition metals, namely: Mg(II), Zn(II), Fe(II), Cu(I), and Cu(II) ions. The investigation of complex formation mechanism, the evaluation of the species formed, and the identification of other side reactions was based on the examination of three distinct equivalent points, which were detectable by alkalimetric titrations of phytic acid in the presence of selected metal ions. It has been demonstrated that alkaline earth metals interact with different binding site(s) than the transition metals, and experiments with both oxidation states of copper revealed similar complexing characteristics, which depend mainly on the ionic radius (and not on the ionic charge as initially expected). Quantitative data on phytate complexation, hydroxide formation and complex precipitation are presented herein for all metals studied, including Cu(I), which was investigated for the first time by means of alkalimetric titration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Marolt
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Universitly of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ema Gričar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Universitly of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Boris Pihlar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Universitly of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mitja Kolar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Universitly of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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49
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Demir B, Bilgiçli N. Utilization of quinoa flour ( Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) in gluten-free pasta formulation: Effects on nutritional and sensory properties. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2020; 27:242-250. [PMID: 32781850 DOI: 10.1177/1082013220940092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, raw and germinated quinoa seed flour was utilized in gluten-free pasta formulation. Rice:corn semolina (50:50) blend was used in gluten-free pasta as a control group. Quinoa flours were replaced with rice:corn semolina blend at different (0-30%) ratios in gluten-free pasta formulation. Guar gum (3%) was also used to tolerate structural defects caused by gluten deficiency. Trials were conducted according to (2 × 4) × 2 factorial design. Color values, cooking properties, and chemical and sensory attributes of gluten-free pasta samples were determined. Quinoa flour type and quinoa flour addition ratio factors significantly (p < 0.05) affected the L*, a* color values and all of the cooking properties of the gluten-free pasta samples. Utilization of germinated quinoa flour in gluten-free pasta revealed lower water uptake, volume increase, firmness, and higher cooking loss values than that of raw quinoa flour. Quinoa flour especially improved the mean values of protein, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity from 8.1%, 0.7 mg GAE/g, and 13.4%, up to 12.7%, 1.5 mg GAE/g, and 28.8%, respectively. A significant (p < 0.05) increment was observed in Ca, Fe, K, Mg, P, and Z content of the gluten-free pasta and all addition ratios of quinoa flour. As a result, increasing amount of quinoa flour enriched the nutritional composition of gluten-free pasta but high utilization ratio resulted in slight sensory losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berat Demir
- Bahri Dağdaş International Agricultural Research Institute, Konya, Turkey
| | - Nermin Bilgiçli
- Department of Food Engineering, Engineering and Architecture Faculty, 226846Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
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50
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Glycerylphytate crosslinker as a potential osteoinductor of chitosan-based systems for guided bone regeneration. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 241:116269. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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