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Dutta M, Cai J, Gui W, Patterson AD. A review of analytical platforms for accurate bile acid measurement. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:4541-4549. [PMID: 31127337 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01890-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Bile acids are acidic steroids which help in lipid absorption, act as signaling molecules, and are key intermediate molecules between host and gut microbial metabolism. Perturbations in the circulating bile acid pool can lead to dysregulated metabolic and immunological function which may be associated with liver and intestinal disease. Bile acids have chemically diverse structures and are present in a broad range of concentrations in a wide variety of samples with complex biological matrices. Advanced analytical methods are therefore required to identify and accurately quantify individual bile acids. Though enzymatic determination of total bile acid is most popular in clinical laboratories, these methods provide limited information about individual bile acids. Advanced analytical methods such as gas chromatography- and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy are highly informative techniques which help in identification and quantification of individual bile acids in complex biological matrices. Here, we review the detection technologies currently used for bile acid identification and quantification. We further discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these analytical techniques with respect to sensitivity, specificity, robustness, and ease of use. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mainak Dutta
- Department of Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Dubai Campus, Dubai International Academic City, Dubai, UAE
| | - Jingwei Cai
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 322 Life Sciences Building, University Park, State College, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Wei Gui
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 322 Life Sciences Building, University Park, State College, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Andrew D Patterson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 322 Life Sciences Building, University Park, State College, PA, 16802, USA.
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Liu Y, Rong Z, Xiang D, Zhang C, Liu D. Detection technologies and metabolic profiling of bile acids: a comprehensive review. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:121. [PMID: 29792192 PMCID: PMC5966875 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0774-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) are important regulatory factors of life activities, which are involved in the regulation of glucose, lipid and energy metabolisms, and closely associated with intestinal hormones, microbiotas and energy balance. BAs abnormalities easily lead to inflammation and metabolic diseases, in turn, the progress of diseases could influence characteristics of BAs. Therefore, accurate detection of BAs contents is of great significance to disease prevention, diagnosis and treatment. At present, the most widely used enzymatic method in clinical practice is applicable to the detection of total bile acid (TBA). In laboratory research, different types of BAs can be accurately separated and quantified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The metabolic profiling of BAs based on detection technologies can completely and accurately monitor their types and contents, playing a crucial role in disease prevention, diagnosis and treatment. We herein reviewed the main detection technologies of BAs and the application of metabolic profiling in related diseases in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong Science and Technology University, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhihui Rong
- Department of Paediatrics of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong Science and Technology University, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Dong Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong Science and Technology University, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chengliang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong Science and Technology University, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical School, Huazhong Science and Technology University, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Pyka A, Dołowy M, Gurak D. Separation of Selected Bile Acids by TLC. V. Influence of Temperature on the Separation. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2017. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-200047226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Pyka
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Silesian Academy of Medicine , Sosnowiec , Poland
| | - M. Dołowy
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Silesian Academy of Medicine , Sosnowiec , Poland
| | - D. Gurak
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Silesian Academy of Medicine , Sosnowiec , Poland
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Han Y, Levkin P, Abarientos I, Liu H, Svec F, Fréchet JM. Monolithic superhydrophobic polymer layer with photopatterned virtual channel for the separation of peptides using two-dimensional thin layer chromatography-desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 2010; 82:2520-8. [PMID: 20151661 PMCID: PMC2921584 DOI: 10.1021/ac100010h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic monolithic porous polymer layers with a photopatterned hydrophilic channel have been prepared. These layers were used for two-dimensional thin layer chromatography of peptides. The 50 microm thin poly(butyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) layers supported onto 4.0 x 3.3 cm glass plates were prepared using UV-initiated polymerization in a simple glass mold. Photografting of a mixture of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate carried out through a mask afforded a 600 microm wide virtual channel along one side of the layer. This channel, which contains ionizable functionalities, enabled the first dimension separation in ion exchange mode. The aqueous mobile phase migrates only through the channel due to the large difference in surface tension at the interface of the hydrophilic channel and the superhydrophobic monolith. The unmodified part of the layer featuring hydrophobic chemistry was then used for the reversed phase separation in the orthogonal second dimension. Practical application of our technique was demonstrated with a rapid 2D separation of a mixture of model peptides differing in hydrophobicity and isoelectric point using a combination of ion-exchange and reversed phase modes. In the former mode, the peptides migrated 11 mm in less than 1 min. Detection of fluorescently labeled peptides was achieved through UV light visualization. Separation of the native peptides was monitored directly using a desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) source coupled to a mass spectrometer. Unidirectional surface scanning with the DESI source was found suitable to determine both the location of each separated peptide and its molecular mass.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jean M.J. Fréchet
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Phone: 510 643 3077. Fax: 510 643 3077.
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5
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Pyka A. Use of Structural Descriptors to QSRR Analysis of Selected Bile Acids Separated by NP-TLC. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070903245870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alina Pyka
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Medical University of Silesia , Sosnowiec, Poland
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Pyka A, Dolowy M. Separation of Selected Bile Acids by TLC. IV. Comparison of Separation of Studied Bile Acids by the Use of Cluster Analysis. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2009. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-200032622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Pyka
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Silesian Academy of Medicine , Jagiellońska 4, PL‐41‐200 , Sosnowiec , Poland
| | - M. Dolowy
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Silesian Academy of Medicine , Jagiellońska 4, PL‐41‐200 , Sosnowiec , Poland
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Pyka A, Dołowy M. Separation of Selected Bile Acids by TLC. III. Separation on Various Stationary Phases. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2009. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-200028423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Pyka
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Silesian Academy of Medicine , 4 Jagiellonska St., PL‐41‐200 , Sosnowiec , Poland
| | - M. Dołowy
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Silesian Academy of Medicine , 4 Jagiellonska St., PL‐41‐200 , Sosnowiec , Poland
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Pyka
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry , Medical University of Silesia , Sosnowiec, Poland
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Pyka A, Babuska M, Bober K, Gurak D, Klimczok W, Miszczyk M. Influence of Temperature of Silica Gel Activation on Separation of Selected Biologically Active Steroid Compounds. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070600758449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Pyka
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Silesian Academy of Medicine , Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - M. Babuska
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Silesian Academy of Medicine , Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - K. Bober
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Silesian Academy of Medicine , Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - D. Gurak
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Silesian Academy of Medicine , Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Wioletta Klimczok
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Silesian Academy of Medicine , Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - M. Miszczyk
- b Sosnicowice Department , Institute of Plant Protection in Poznan , Sosnicowice, Poland
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Pyka A, Dołowy M, Gurak D. Separation of Selected Bile Acids by TLC. VIII. Separation on Silica Gel 60F254 Glass Plates Impregnated with Cu(II), Ni(II), Fe(II), and Mn(II) Cations. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-200064205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Pyka
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Silesian Academy of Medicine , Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - M. Dołowy
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Silesian Academy of Medicine , Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - D. Gurak
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Silesian Academy of Medicine , Sosnowiec, Poland
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Pyka A, Dołowy M. Separation of Selected Bile Acids by TLC. VI. Separation on Cyano‐ and Diol‐Modified Silica Layers. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-200054877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Pyka
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Silesian Academy of Medicine , Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - M. Dołowy
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Silesian Academy of Medicine , Sosnowiec, Poland
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Pyka A, Dołowy M. Separation of Selected Bile Acids by TLC. VII. Separation by Reversed Partition HPTLC. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-200058365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Pyka
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Silesian Academy of Medicine , Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - M. Dołowy
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Silesian Academy of Medicine , Sosnowiec, Poland
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13
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Dołowy M. Separation of Selected Bile Acids by TLC. IX. Separation on Silica Gel 60 and on Silica Gel 60F 254 Aluminum Plates Impregnated with Cu(II), Ni(II), Fe(II), and Mn(II) Cations. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070601084878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Dołowy
- a Silesian Academy of Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry , Sosnowiec, Poland
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