1
|
Djakbarova U, Madraki Y, Chan ET, Wu T, Atreaga-Muniz V, Akatay AA, Kural C. Tension-induced adhesion mode switching: the interplay between focal adhesions and clathrin-containing adhesion complexes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.07.579324. [PMID: 38370749 PMCID: PMC10871318 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.07.579324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Integrin-based adhesion complexes are crucial in various cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, and motility. While the dynamics of canonical focal adhesion complexes (FAs) have been extensively studied, the regulation and physiological implications of the recently identified clathrin-containing adhesion complexes (CCACs) are still not well understood. In this study, we investigated the spatiotemporal mechanoregulations of FAs and CCACs in a breast cancer model. Employing single-molecule force spectroscopy coupled with live-cell fluorescence microscopy, we discovered that FAs and CCACs are mutually exclusive and inversely regulated complexes. This regulation is orchestrated through the modulation of plasma membrane tension, in combination with distinct modes of actomyosin contractility that can either synergize with or counteract this modulation. Our findings indicate that increased membrane tension promotes the association of CCACs at integrin αVβ5 adhesion sites, leading to decreased cancer cell proliferation, spreading, and migration. Conversely, lower membrane tension promotes the formation of FAs, which correlates with the softer membranes observed in cancer cells, thus potentially facilitating cancer progression. Our research provides novel insights into the biomechanical regulation of CCACs and FAs, revealing their critical and contrasting roles in modulating cancer cell progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Umida Djakbarova
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Yasaman Madraki
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Emily T. Chan
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Tianyao Wu
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | - A. Ata Akatay
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Comert Kural
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Single-molecule characterization of subtype-specific β1 integrin mechanics. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7471. [PMID: 36463259 PMCID: PMC9719539 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35173-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Although integrins are known to be mechanosensitive and to possess many subtypes that have distinct physiological roles, single molecule studies of force exertion have thus far been limited to RGD-binding integrins. Here, we show that integrin α4β1 and RGD-binding integrins (αVβ1 and α5β1) require markedly different tension thresholds to support cell spreading. Furthermore, actin assembled downstream of α4β1 forms cross-linked networks in circularly spread cells, is in rapid retrograde flow, and exerts low forces from actin polymerization. In contrast, actin assembled downstream of αVβ1 forms stress fibers linking focal adhesions in elongated cells, is in slow retrograde flow, and matures to exert high forces (>54-pN) via myosin II. Conformational activation of both integrins occurs below 12-pN, suggesting that post-activation subtype-specific cytoskeletal remodeling imposes the higher threshold for spreading on RGD substrates. Multiple layers of single integrin mechanics for activation, mechanotransduction and cytoskeleton remodeling revealed here may underlie subtype-dependence of diverse processes such as somite formation and durotaxis.
Collapse
|
3
|
Blanchard N, Link PA, Farkas D, Harmon B, Hudson J, Bogamuwa S, Piper B, Authelet K, Cool CD, Heise RL, Freishtat R, Farkas L. Dichotomous role of integrin-β5 in lung endothelial cells. Pulm Circ 2022; 12:e12156. [PMID: 36438452 PMCID: PMC9684688 DOI: 10.1002/pul2.12156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive, devastating disease, and its main histological manifestation is an occlusive pulmonary arteriopathy. One important functional component of PAH is aberrant endothelial cell (EC) function including apoptosis-resistance, unchecked proliferation, and impaired migration. The mechanisms leading to and maintaining physiologic and aberrant EC function are not fully understood. Here, we tested the hypothesis that in PAH, ECs have increased expression of the transmembrane protein integrin-β5, which contributes to migration and survival under physiologic and pathological conditions, but also to endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EnMT). We found that elevated integrin-β5 expression in pulmonary artery lesions and lung tissue from PAH patients and rats with PH induced by chronic hypoxia and injection of CD117+ rat lung EC clones. These EC clones exhibited elevated expression of integrin-β5 and its heterodimerization partner integrin-αν and showed accelerated barrier formation. Inhibition of integrin-ανβ5 in vitro partially blocked transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced EnMT gene expression in rat lung control ECs and less in rat lung EC clones and human lung microvascular ECs. Inhibition of integrin-ανβ5 promoted endothelial dysfunction as shown by reduced migration in a scratch assay and increased apoptosis in synergism with TGF-β1. In vivo, blocking of integrin-ανβ5 exaggerated PH induced by chronic hypoxia and CD117+ EC clones in rats. In summary, we found a role for integrin-ανβ5 in lung endothelial survival and migration, but also a partial contribution to TGF-β1-induced EnMT gene expression. Our results suggest that integrin-ανβ5 is required for physiologic function of ECs and lung vascular homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neil Blanchard
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Patrick A. Link
- Departments of Physiology and Biomedical EngineeringMayo ClinicRochesterMichiganUSA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of EngineeringVirginia Commonwealth UniversityCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Daniela Farkas
- Division of Pulmonary Disease, College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Brennan Harmon
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency MedicineChildren's National Health SystemWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | - Jaylen Hudson
- Division of Pulmonary Disease, College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Srimathi Bogamuwa
- Division of Pulmonary Disease, College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Bryce Piper
- Division of Pulmonary Disease, College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Kayla Authelet
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency MedicineChildren's National Health SystemWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | - Carlyne D. Cool
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Colorado at DenverDenverColoradoUSA
| | - Rebecca L. Heise
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of EngineeringVirginia Commonwealth UniversityCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Robert Freishtat
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency MedicineChildren's National Health SystemWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | - Laszlo Farkas
- Division of Pulmonary Disease, College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zuidema A, Wang W, Kreft M, Bleijerveld OB, Hoekman L, Aretz J, Böttcher RT, Fässler R, Sonnenberg A. Molecular determinants of αVβ5 localization in flat clathrin lattices: Role of αVβ5 in cell adhesion and proliferation. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:275569. [PMID: 35532004 PMCID: PMC9234671 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The vitronectin receptor integrin αVβ5 can reside in two distinct adhesion structures: focal adhesions (FAs) and flat clathrin lattices (FCLs). Here we investigated the mechanism that regulates the subcellular distribution of β5 in keratinocytes and show that β5 has approximately 7- and 5-fold higher affinity for the clathrin adaptors ARH and Numb, respectively, than for talin; all proteins that bind to the membrane-proximal NPxY motif of the β5 cytoplasmic domain. Using mass spectrometry, we identified β5 interactors including the Rho GEFs p115Rho-GEF and GEF-H1, and the serine protein kinase MARK2; depletion of which diminishes the clustering of β5 in FCLs. Substitution of two serines (S759/762) in the β5 cytoplasmic domain with phospho-mimetic glutamates causes a shift in the localization of β5 from FAs into FCLs without affecting the interactions with MARK2, p115Rho-GEF or GEF-H1. Instead, we demonstrate that changes in the actomyosin-based cellular contractility by ectopic expression of activated Rho or disruption of microtubules regulates β5 localization. Finally, we present evidence that β5 in either FAs or FCLs functions to promote adhesion to vitronectin, cell spreading, and proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Zuidema
- Division of Cell Biology I, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Wei Wang
- Division of Cell Biology I, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike Kreft
- Division of Cell Biology I, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | | | - Liesbeth Hoekman
- Proteomics Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, The Netherlands
| | - Jonas Aretz
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, The Netherlands
| | - Ralph T. Böttcher
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, The Netherlands
| | - Reinhard Fässler
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, The Netherlands
| | - Arnoud Sonnenberg
- Division of Cell Biology I, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang Y, Dho SE, Othman K, Simpson CD, Lapierre J, Bondoc A, McGlade CJ. Numb exon 9 inclusion regulates Integrinβ5 surface expression and promotes breast cancer metastasis. Oncogene 2022; 41:2079-2094. [PMID: 35181737 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02225-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The endocytic adaptor protein Numb acts as a tumor suppressor through downregulation of oncogenic pathways in multiple cancer types. The identification of splicing alterations giving rise to changes in Numb protein isoform expression indicate that Numb also has tumor promoting activity, though the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here we report that NUMB exon 9 inclusion, which results in production of a protein isoform with an additional 49 amino acids, is a feature of multiple cancer types including all subtypes of breast cancer and correlates with worse progression-free survival. Specific deletion of exon 9-included Numb isoforms (Exon9in) from breast cancer cells reduced cell growth and prevents spontaneous lung metastasis in a mouse model. Quantitative proteome profiling showed that loss of Exon9in causes downregulation of membrane receptors and adhesion molecules, as well as proteins involved in extracellular matrix organization and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) state. In addition, exon 9 deletion caused remodeling of the endocytic network, decreased ITGβ5 surface localization, cell spreading on vitronectin and downstream signaling to ERK and SRC. Together these observations suggest that Exon9in isoform expression disrupts the endocytic trafficking functions of Numb, resulting in increased surface expression of ITGβ5 as well as other plasma membrane proteins to promote cell adhesion, EMT, and tumor metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangjing Zhang
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Sascha E Dho
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Program in Cell Biology, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Kamal Othman
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Craig D Simpson
- SPARC BioCentre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Jessica Lapierre
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Program in Cell Biology, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Andrew Bondoc
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Program in Cell Biology, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - C Jane McGlade
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada.
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada.
- Program in Cell Biology, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Konishi H, Koizumi S, Kiyama H. Phagocytic astrocytes: Emerging from the shadows of microglia. Glia 2022; 70:1009-1026. [PMID: 35142399 PMCID: PMC9305589 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Elimination of dead or live cells take place in both a healthy and diseased central nervous system (CNS). Dying or dead cells are quickly cleared by phagocytosis for the maintenance of a healthy CNS or for recovery after injury. Live cells or parts thereof, such as the synapses and myelin, are appropriately eliminated by phagocytosis to maintain or refine neural networks during development and adulthood. Microglia, the specific population of resident macrophages in the CNS, are classically considered as primary phagocytes; however, astrocytes have also been highlighted as phagocytes in the last decade. Phagocytic targets and receptors are reported to be mostly common between astrocytes and microglia, which raises the question of how astrocytic phagocytosis differs from microglial phagocytosis, and how these two phagocytic systems cooperate. In this review, we address the consequences of astrocytic phagocytosis, particularly focusing on these elusive points.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Konishi
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Schuichi Koizumi
- Department of Neuropharmacology, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan.,GLIA Center, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyama
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kim EJY, Sorokin L, Hiiragi T. ECM-integrin signalling instructs cellular position-sensing to pattern the early mouse embryo. Development 2021; 149:273721. [PMID: 34908109 PMCID: PMC8881741 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Development entails patterned emergence of diverse cell types within the embryo. In mammals, cells positioned inside the embryo give rise to the inner cell mass (ICM), which eventually forms the embryo itself. Yet, the molecular basis of how these cells recognise their ‘inside’ position to instruct their fate is unknown. Here, we show that provision of extracellular matrix (ECM) to isolated embryonic cells induces ICM specification and alters the subsequent spatial arrangement between epiblast (EPI) and primitive endoderm (PrE) cells that emerge within the ICM. Notably, this effect is dependent on integrin β1 activity and involves apical-to-basal conversion of cell polarity. We demonstrate that ECM-integrin activity is sufficient for ‘inside’ positional signalling and is required for correct EPI/PrE patterning. Thus, our findings highlight the significance of ECM-integrin adhesion in enabling position sensing by cells to achieve tissue patterning. Summary: The importance of patterned cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions in early mouse development: ECM signals can modulate both cell fate and the relative spatial arrangement between cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Jeong Yoon Kim
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.,Collaboration for joint PhD degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lydia Sorokin
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry and Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre (CiMIC), University of Muenster, Germany
| | - Takashi Hiiragi
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chemosensitizing activity of peptide from Lentinus squarrosulus (Mont.) on cisplatin-induced apoptosis in human lung cancer cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4060. [PMID: 33603033 PMCID: PMC7892851 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83606-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The limitations of cisplatin, a standard chemotherapy for lung cancer, have been documented with serious adverse effects and drug resistance. To address the need for novel therapy, this study firstly reveals the potential of peptide from Lentinus squarrosulus (Mont.) as a chemotherapeutic adjuvant for cisplatin treatment. The purified peptide from L. squarrosulus aqueous extracts was obtained after eluting with 0.4 M NaCl through FPLC equipped with anion exchange column. Preincubation for 24 h with 5 µg/mL of the peptide at prior to treatment with 5 µM cisplatin significantly diminished %cell viability in various human lung cancer cells but not in human dermal papilla and proximal renal cells. Flow cytometry indicated the augmentation of cisplatin-induced apoptosis in lung cancer cells pretreated with peptide from L. squarrosulus. Preculture with the peptide dramatically inhibited colony formation in lung cancer cells derived after cisplatin treatment. Strong suppression on integrin-mediated survival was evidenced with the diminution of integrins (β1, β3, β5, α5, αV) and down-stream signals (p-FAK/FAK, p-Src/Src, p-Akt/Akt) consequence with alteration of p53, Bax, Blc-2 and Mcl-1 in cisplatin-treated lung cancer cells preincubated with peptide from L. squarrosulus. These results support the development of L. squarrosulus peptide as a novel combined chemotherapy with cisplatin for lung cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
9
|
Roy S, Spinali K, Schmuck EG, Kink JA, Hematti P, Raval AN. Cardiac fibroblast derived matrix-educated macrophages express VEGF and IL-6, and recruit mesenchymal stromal cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 10. [PMID: 33564732 DOI: 10.1016/j.regen.2020.100033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The polarization of monocytes into macrophages that possess anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic properties could provide a novel therapeutic strategy for patients who are at a high risk for developing heart failure following myocardial infarction (MI). Here in, we describe a novel method of "educating" monocytes into a distinct population of macrophages that exhibit anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic features through a 3-day culture on fibronectin-rich cardiac matrix (CX) manufactured using cultured human cardiac fibroblasts. Our data suggest that CX can educate monocytes into a unique macrophage population termed CX educated macrophages (CXMq) that secrete high levels of VEGF and IL-6. In vitro, CXMq also demonstrate the ability to recruit mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) with known anti-inflammatory properties. Selective inhibition of fibronectin binding to αVβ3 surface integrins on CXMq prevented MSC recruitment. This suggests that insoluble fibronectin within CX is, at least in part, responsible for CXMq conversion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sushmita Roy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Keith Spinali
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Eric G Schmuck
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - John A Kink
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.,University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Peiman Hematti
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.,University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Amish N Raval
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ong T, Trivedi N, Wakefield R, Frase S, Solecki DJ. Siah2 integrates mitogenic and extracellular matrix signals linking neuronal progenitor ciliogenesis with germinal zone occupancy. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5312. [PMID: 33082319 PMCID: PMC7576183 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19063-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence is lacking as to how developing neurons integrate mitogenic signals with microenvironment cues to control proliferation and differentiation. We determine that the Siah2 E3 ubiquitin ligase functions in a coincidence detection circuit linking responses to the Shh mitogen and the extracellular matrix to control cerebellar granule neurons (CGN) GZ occupancy. We show that Shh signaling maintains Siah2 expression in CGN progenitors (GNPs) in a Ras/Mapk-dependent manner. Siah2 supports ciliogenesis in a feed-forward fashion by restraining cilium disassembly. Efforts to identify sources of the Ras/Mapk signaling led us to discover that GNPs respond to laminin, but not vitronectin, in the GZ microenvironment via integrin β1 receptors, which engages the Ras/Mapk cascade with Shh, and that this niche interaction is essential for promoting GNP ciliogenesis. As GNPs leave the GZ, differentiation is driven by changing extracellular cues that diminish Siah2-activity leading to primary cilia shortening and attenuation of the mitogenic response. In neural development, progenitors transition from a proliferative to a differentiated state. Here, the authors show that cerebellar granule neurons retract primary cilia as they exit their proliferative niche upon decreased ECM engagement, enabling radial migration due to loss of Shh sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taren Ong
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Niraj Trivedi
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Randall Wakefield
- Cell and Tissue Imaging Center-EM, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Sharon Frase
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - David J Solecki
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kim SJ, Kim MS, Park HJ, Lee H, Yun JI, Lim HW, Lee ST. Screening of integrins localized on the surface of human epidermal melanocytes. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2020; 56:435-443. [PMID: 32572848 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-020-00471-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In vivo, melanocytes occupy three-dimensional (3D) space. Nevertheless, most experiments involving melanocytes are performed in a two-dimensional microenvironment, resulting in difficulty obtaining accurate results. Therefore, it is necessary to construct an artificial in vivo-like 3D microenvironment. Here, as a step towards engineering a precisely defined acellular 3D microenvironment supporting the maintenance of human epidermal melanocytes (HEMs), we examined the types of integrin heterodimers that are expressed transcriptionally, translationally, and functionally in HEMs. Real-time PCR and fluorescent immunoassay analyses were used to elucidate the expression of integrin α and β subunit genes at the transcriptional and translational levels, respectively. The functionality of the presumed integrin heterodimers was confirmed using attachment and antibody-inhibition assays. Among the genes encoding 12 integrin subunits (α1, α2, α3, α4, α5, α6, α7, αV, β1, β3, β5, and β8) showing significantly higher transcription levels, proteins translated from the integrin α2, α4, α5, β1, β3, and β5 subunit genes were detected on the surface of HEMs. These HEMs showed significantly increased adhesion to collagen I, fibronectin, laminin, and vitronectin, and functional blockade of the integrin α2 subunits significantly inhibited adhesion to collagen I, fibronectin, and laminin. In addition, there was no significant inhibition of the adhesion to fibronectin or vitronectin in HEMs with functional blockade of the integrin α4, α5, or αV subunits. These results indicate that the active integrin α2β1 heterodimer and the inactive integrin α4, α5, αV, β3, and β5 subunits are all localized on the surface of HEMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seong Jae Kim
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Min Seong Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Heart Research and Outcomes Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Hye Jin Park
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Hyun Lee
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Jung Im Yun
- Institute of Animal Resources, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Hye Won Lim
- Shebah Biotech Inc, Chuncheon, 24398, South Korea
| | - Seung Tae Lee
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea. .,Department of Applied Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea. .,KustoGen Inc, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kelly GT, Faraj R, Zhang Y, Maltepe E, Fineman JR, Black SM, Wang T. Pulmonary Endothelial Mechanical Sensing and Signaling, a Story of Focal Adhesions and Integrins in Ventilator Induced Lung Injury. Front Physiol 2019; 10:511. [PMID: 31105595 PMCID: PMC6498899 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with critical illness such as acute lung injury often undergo mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit. Though lifesaving in many instances, mechanical ventilation often results in ventilator induced lung injury (VILI), characterized by overdistension of lung tissue leading to release of edemagenic agents, which further damage the lung and contribute to the mortality and progression of pulmonary inflammation. The endothelium is particularly sensitive, as VILI associated mechanical stress results in endothelial cytoskeletal rearrangement, stress fiber formation, and integrity loss. At the heart of these changes are integrin tethered focal adhesions (FAs) which participate in mechanosensing, structure, and signaling. Here, we present the known roles of FA proteins including c-Src, talin, FAK, paxillin, vinculin, and integrins in the sensing and response to cyclic stretch and VILI associated stress. Attention is given to how stretch is propagated from the extracellular matrix through integrins to talin and other FA proteins, as well as signaling cascades that include FA proteins, leading to stress fiber formation and other cellular responses. This unifying picture of FAs aids our understanding in an effort to prevent and treat VILI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel T Kelly
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Phoenix, The University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Reem Faraj
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Phoenix, The University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Phoenix, The University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Emin Maltepe
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jeffrey R Fineman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Stephen M Black
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Phoenix, The University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zuidema A, Wang W, Kreft M, Te Molder L, Hoekman L, Bleijerveld OB, Nahidiazar L, Janssen H, Sonnenberg A. Mechanisms of integrin αVβ5 clustering in flat clathrin lattices. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs221317. [PMID: 30301780 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.221317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The family of integrin transmembrane receptors is essential for the normal function of multicellular organisms by facilitating cell-extracellular matrix adhesion. The vitronectin-binding integrin αVβ5 localizes to focal adhesions (FAs) as well as poorly characterized flat clathrin lattices (FCLs). Here, we show that, in human keratinocytes, αVβ5 is predominantly found in FCLs, and formation of the αVβ5-containing FCLs requires the presence of vitronectin as ligand, Ca2+, and the clathrin adaptor proteins ARH (also known as LDLRAP1), Numb and EPS15/EPS15L1. Integrin chimeras, containing the extracellular and transmembrane domains of β5 and the cytoplasmic domains of β1 or β3, almost exclusively localize in FAs. Interestingly, lowering actomyosin-mediated contractility promotes integrin redistribution to FLCs in an integrin tail-dependent manner, while increasing cellular tension favors αVβ5 clustering in FAs. Our findings strongly indicate that clustering of integrin αVβ5 in FCLs is dictated by the β5 subunit cytoplasmic domain, cellular tension and recruitment of specific adaptor proteins to the β5 subunit cytoplasmic domains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Zuidema
- Division of Cell Biology I, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Wei Wang
- Division of Cell Biology I, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike Kreft
- Division of Cell Biology I, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa Te Molder
- Division of Cell Biology I, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Hoekman
- Mass spectrometry/Proteomics Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Onno B Bleijerveld
- Mass spectrometry/Proteomics Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Leila Nahidiazar
- Division of Cell Biology I, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Janssen
- Electron Microscopy Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Arnoud Sonnenberg
- Division of Cell Biology I, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lock JG, Jones MC, Askari JA, Gong X, Oddone A, Olofsson H, Göransson S, Lakadamyali M, Humphries MJ, Strömblad S. Reticular adhesions are a distinct class of cell-matrix adhesions that mediate attachment during mitosis. Nat Cell Biol 2018; 20:1290-1302. [PMID: 30361699 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-018-0220-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Adhesion to the extracellular matrix persists during mitosis in most cell types. However, while classical adhesion complexes, such as focal adhesions, do and must disassemble to enable mitotic rounding, the mechanisms of residual mitotic cell-extracellular matrix adhesion remain undefined. Here, we identify 'reticular adhesions', a class of adhesion complex that is mediated by integrin αvβ5, formed during interphase, and preserved at cell-extracellular matrix attachment sites throughout cell division. Consistent with this role, integrin β5 depletion perturbs mitosis and disrupts spatial memory transmission between cell generations. Reticular adhesions are morphologically and dynamically distinct from classical focal adhesions. Mass spectrometry defines their unique composition, enriched in phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2)-binding proteins but lacking virtually all consensus adhesome components. Indeed, reticular adhesions are promoted by PtdIns(4,5)P2, and form independently of talin and F-actin. The distinct characteristics of reticular adhesions provide a solution to the problem of maintaining cell-extracellular matrix attachment during mitotic rounding and division.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John G Lock
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Matthew C Jones
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Janet A Askari
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Xiaowei Gong
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Anna Oddone
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- ICFO, Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helene Olofsson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Sara Göransson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Melike Lakadamyali
- ICFO, Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
- Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Martin J Humphries
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Staffan Strömblad
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bolzati C, Salvarese N, Carpanese D, Seraglia R, Meléndez-Alafort L, Rosato A, Capasso D, Saviano M, Del Gatto A, Comegna D, Zaccaro L. [ 99mTc][Tc(N)PNP43]-Labeled RGD Peptides As New Probes for a Selective Detection of αvβ 3 Integrin: Synthesis, Structure-Activity and Pharmacokinetic Studies. J Med Chem 2018; 61:9596-9610. [PMID: 30278131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
New integrin-selective molecules suitable for therapeutic or imaging purposes are currently of interest in development of effective personalized medical platforms. RGDechi is a bifunctional peptide selective for integrin αvβ3. Herein, RGDechi and three truncated derivatives functionalized with a cysteine (1-4) were synthesized and labeled with the [99mTc][Tc(N)PNP43]-synthon ([PNP43 = (CH3)2P(CH2)2N(C2H4OCH3)(CH2)2P(CH3)2]) (99mTc1-4) as a basis for selective integrin recognition. The pharmacological parameters of all radiolabeled peptides were assessed along with the pharmacokinetic profiles of the most promising 99mTc1 and 99mTc2 compounds both on healthy and melanoma-bearing mice. Their metabolism and metabolite identification are also reported. 99mTc1-2 are able to discriminate between endogenously expressed integrins αvβ3 and αvβ5 and possess favorable pharmacokinetics characterized by low liver uptake and rapid elimination from nontarget tissues resulting in positive target-to-nontarget ratios. Results are encouraging; the presented construct can be considered the starting point for the development of agents for the selective detection of αvβ3 expression by SPECT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Bolzati
- Institute of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy ICMATE-CNR , Corso Stati Uniti, 4 , 35127 Padova , Italy
| | - Nicola Salvarese
- Institute of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy ICMATE-CNR , Corso Stati Uniti, 4 , 35127 Padova , Italy
| | - Debora Carpanese
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS , Via Gattamelata, 64 , 35128 Padova , Italy
| | - Roberta Seraglia
- Institute of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy ICMATE-CNR , Corso Stati Uniti, 4 , 35127 Padova , Italy
| | | | - Antonio Rosato
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS , Via Gattamelata, 64 , 35128 Padova , Italy.,Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology , University of Padua , via Gattamelata, 64 , 35138 Padova , Italy
| | - Domenica Capasso
- Department of Pharmacy , University of Naples '' Federico II '', Naples , Italy
| | - Michele Saviano
- Institute of Cristallography IC-CNR , Via Amendola 122/O , 70126 Bari , Italy
| | - Annarita Del Gatto
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging IBB-CNR , Via Mezzocannone 16 , 80134 Napoli , Italy
| | - Daniela Comegna
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging IBB-CNR , Via Mezzocannone 16 , 80134 Napoli , Italy
| | - Laura Zaccaro
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging IBB-CNR , Via Mezzocannone 16 , 80134 Napoli , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Arun AS, Tepper CG, Lam KS. Identification of integrin drug targets for 17 solid tumor types. Oncotarget 2018; 9:30146-30162. [PMID: 30046394 PMCID: PMC6059022 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins are contributors to remodeling of the extracellular matrix and cell migration. Integrins participate in the assembly of the actin cytoskeleton, regulate growth factor signaling pathways, cell proliferation, and control cell motility. In solid tumors, integrins are involved in promoting metastasis to distant sites, and angiogenesis. Integrins are a key target in cancer therapy and imaging. Integrin antagonists have proven successful in halting invasion and migration of tumors. Overexpressed integrins are prime anti-cancer drug targets. To streamline the development of specific integrin cancer therapeutics, we curated data to predict which integrin heterodimers are pausible therapeutic targets against 17 different solid tumors. Computational analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) gene expression data revealed a set of integrin targets that are differentially expressed in tumors. Filtered by FPKM (Fragments Per Kilobase of transcript per Million mapped reads) expression level, overexpressed subunits were paired into heterodimeric protein targets. By comparing the RNA-seq differential expression results with immunohistochemistry (IHC) data, overexpressed integrin subunits were validated. Biologics and small molecule drug compounds against these identified overexpressed subunits and heterodimeric receptors are potential therapeutics against these cancers. In addition, high-affinity and high-specificity ligands against these integrins can serve as efficient vehicles for delivery of cancer drugs, nanotherapeutics, or imaging probes against cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adith S Arun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, UC Davis NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Clifford G Tepper
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, UC Davis NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Kit S Lam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, UC Davis NCI-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kim HY, Baek S, Han NR, Lee E, Park CK, Lee ST. Identification of integrin heterodimers functioning on the surface of undifferentiated porcine primed embryonic stem cells. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:1221-1227. [PMID: 29809293 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In vitro expansion of undifferentiated porcine primed embryonic stem (ES) cells is facilitated by use of non-cellular niches that mimic three-dimensional (3D) microenvironments enclosing an inner cell mass of porcine blastocysts. Therefore, we investigated the integrin heterodimers on the surface of undifferentiated porcine primed ES cells for the purpose of developing a non-cellular niche to support in vitro maintenance of the self-renewal ability of porcine primed ES cells. Immunocytochemistry and a fluorescence immunoassay were performed to assess integrin α and β subunit levels, and attachment and antibody inhibition assays were used to evaluate the function of integrin heterodimers. The integrin α3 , α5 , α6 , α9 , αV , and β1 subunits, but not the α1 , α2 , α4 , α7 , and α8 subunits, were identified on the surface of undifferentiated porcine primed ES cells. Subsequently, significant increase of their adhesion to fibronectin, tenascin C, and vitronectin were observed and functional blocking of integrin heterodimer α5 β1 , α9 β1 , or αV β1 showed significantly inhibited adhesion to fibronectin, tenascin C, or vitronectin. No integrin α6 β1 heterodimer-mediated adhesion to laminin was detected. These results demonstrate that active α5 β1 , α9 β1 , and αV β1 integrin heterodimers are present on the surface of undifferentiated porcine primed ES cells, together with inactive integrin α3 (presumed) and α6 subunits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hwa-Young Kim
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea
| | - Song Baek
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea
| | - Na Rae Han
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea
| | - Eunsong Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea
| | - Choon-Keun Park
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea
| | - Seung Tae Lee
- Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hatley RJD, Macdonald SJF, Slack RJ, Le J, Ludbrook SB, Lukey PT. An αv-RGD Integrin Inhibitor Toolbox: Drug Discovery Insight, Challenges and Opportunities. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:3298-3321. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard J. D. Hatley
- Fibrosis DPU; Respiratory Therapeutic Area; GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre; Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage SG1 2NY UK
| | - Simon J. F. Macdonald
- Fibrosis DPU; Respiratory Therapeutic Area; GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre; Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage SG1 2NY UK
| | - Robert J. Slack
- Fibrosis DPU; Respiratory Therapeutic Area; GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre; Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage SG1 2NY UK
| | - Joelle Le
- Fibrosis DPU; Respiratory Therapeutic Area; GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre; Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage SG1 2NY UK
| | - Steven B. Ludbrook
- Fibrosis DPU; Respiratory Therapeutic Area; GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre; Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage SG1 2NY UK
| | - Pauline T. Lukey
- Fibrosis DPU; Respiratory Therapeutic Area; GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre; Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage SG1 2NY UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hatley RJD, Macdonald SJF, Slack RJ, Le J, Ludbrook SB, Lukey PT. Ein Instrumentarium von αv-RGD-Integrin-Inhibitoren: Wirkstoffsuche, Herausforderungen und Möglichkeiten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard J. D. Hatley
- Fibrosis and Lung Injury DPU, Respiratory Therapeutic Area; GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre; Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage SG1 2NY Großbritannien
| | - Simon J. F. Macdonald
- Fibrosis and Lung Injury DPU, Respiratory Therapeutic Area; GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre; Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage SG1 2NY Großbritannien
| | - Robert J. Slack
- Fibrosis and Lung Injury DPU, Respiratory Therapeutic Area; GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre; Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage SG1 2NY Großbritannien
| | - Joelle Le
- Fibrosis and Lung Injury DPU, Respiratory Therapeutic Area; GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre; Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage SG1 2NY Großbritannien
| | - Steven B. Ludbrook
- Fibrosis and Lung Injury DPU, Respiratory Therapeutic Area; GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre; Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage SG1 2NY Großbritannien
| | - Pauline T. Lukey
- Fibrosis and Lung Injury DPU, Respiratory Therapeutic Area; GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre; Gunnels Wood Road Stevenage SG1 2NY Großbritannien
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Park HJ, Park JE, Lee H, Kim SJ, Yun JI, Kim M, Park KH, Lee ST. Integrins functioning in uterine endometrial stromal and epithelial cells in estrus. Reproduction 2017; 153:351-360. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-16-0516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Here, as a basic study in the construction of a non-cellular niche that supports artificial organization of three-dimensional endometrial tissue, we defined the types of integrin heterodimers that are expressed transcriptionally, translationally and functionally in endometrial stromal (ES) and endometrial epithelial (EE) cells isolated from the mouse uterus in estrus. Gene and protein expression of integrin subunits were analyzed at the transcriptional and translational level by real-time PCR and fluorescent immunoassay, respectively. Moreover, the functionality of integrin heterodimers was confirmed by attachment and antibody inhibition assays. Itga2, Itga5, Itga6, Itga9, Itgav, Itgb1, Itgb3 and Itgb5 in ES cells, and Itga2, Itga5, Itga6, Itga7, Itga9, Itgav, Itgb1, Itgb3, Itgb4, Itgb5 and Itga6 and in EE cells showed significantly higher transcriptional levels than the other integrin subunits. Furthermore, translational expression of the total integrin α and β subunit genes that showed increased transcription was determined in ES and EE cells. ES cells showed significantly increased adhesion to collagen I, fibronectin and vitronectin, and functional blocking of integrin α2, α5 or αV significantly inhibited adhesion to these molecules. Moreover, EE cells showed significantly increased adhesion to collagen I, fibronectin, laminin and vitronectin, and functional blocking of integrin α2, α5, α6 or αV significantly inhibited adhesion to these molecules. Accordingly, we confirmed that integrin α2β1, α5β1, αVβ1, αVβ3 and/or αVβ5, and integrin α2β1, α5β1, α6β1 and/or α6β4, αVβ1, αVβ3 and/or αVβ5, actively function on the surface of ES and EE cells from mouse uterus in estrus phase, respectively.
Collapse
|
21
|
A Therapeutic Uricase with Reduced Immunogenicity Risk and Improved Development Properties. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167935. [PMID: 28002433 PMCID: PMC5176304 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans and higher primates are unique in that they lack uricase, the enzyme capable of oxidizing uric acid. As a consequence of this enzyme deficiency, humans have high serum uric acid levels. In some people, uric acid levels rise above the solubility limit resulting in crystallization in joints, acute inflammation in response to those crystals causes severe pain; a condition known as gout. Treatment for severe gout includes injection of non-human uricase to reduce serum uric acid levels. Krystexxa® is a hyper-PEGylated pig-baboon chimeric uricase indicated for chronic refractory gout that induces an immunogenic response in 91% of treated patients, including infusion reactions (26%) and anaphylaxis (6.5%). These properties limit its use and effectiveness. An innovative approach has been used to develop a therapeutic uricase with improved properties such as: soluble expression, neutral pH solubility, high E. coli expression level, thermal stability, and excellent activity. More than 200 diverse uricase sequences were aligned to guide protein engineering and reduce putative sequence liabilities. A single uricase lead candidate was identified, which showed low potential for immunogenicity in >200 human donor samples selected to represent diverse HLA haplotypes. Cysteines were engineered into the lead sequence for site specific PEGylation and studies demonstrated >95% PEGylation efficiency. PEGylated uricase retains enzymatic activity in vitro at neutral pH, in human serum and in vivo (rats and canines) and has an extended half-life. In canines, an 85% reduction in serum uric acid levels was observed with a single subcutaneous injection. This PEGylated, non-immunogenic uricase has the potential to provide meaningful benefits to patients with gout.
Collapse
|
22
|
Little AG. A review of the peripheral levels of regulation by thyroid hormone. J Comp Physiol B 2016; 186:677-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s00360-016-0984-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
23
|
O'Meara RW, Cummings SE, Michalski JP, Kothary R. A new in vitro mouse oligodendrocyte precursor cell migration assay reveals a role for integrin-linked kinase in cell motility. BMC Neurosci 2016; 17:7. [PMID: 26831726 PMCID: PMC4736119 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-016-0242-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The decline of remyelination in chronic multiple sclerosis (MS) is in part attributed to inadequate oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) migration, a process governed by the extracellular matrix (ECM). Elucidating the mechanisms underlying OPC migration is therefore an important step towards developing new therapeutic strategies to promote myelin repair. Many seminal OPC culture methods were established using rat-sourced cells, and these often need modification for use with mouse OPCs due to their sensitive nature. It is of interest to develop mouse OPC assays to leverage the abundant transgenic lines. To this end, we developed a new OPC migration method specifically suited for use with mouse-derived cells. Results To validate its utility, we combined the new OPC migration assay with a conditional knockout approach to investigate the role of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) in OPC migration. ILK is a focal adhesion protein that stabilizes cellular adhesions to the extracellular matrix (ECM) by mediating a linkage between matrix-bound integrin receptors and the cytoskeleton. We identified ILK as a regulator of OPC migration on three permissive substrates. ILK loss produced an early, albeit transient, deficit in OPC migration on laminin matrix, while migration on fibronectin and polylysine was heavily reliant on ILK expression. Conclusions Inclusively, our work provides a new tool for studying mouse OPC migration and highlights the role of ILK in its regulation on ECM proteins relevant to MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan W O'Meara
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada. .,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
| | - Sarah E Cummings
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada. .,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
| | - John-Paul Michalski
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada. .,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
| | - Rashmi Kothary
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada. .,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada. .,Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada. .,University of Ottawa Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chauss D, Brennan LA, Bakina O, Kantorow M. Integrin αVβ5-mediated Removal of Apoptotic Cell Debris by the Eye Lens and Its Inhibition by UV Light Exposure. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:30253-66. [PMID: 26527683 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.688390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of apoptotic material is toxic and associated with cataract and other disease states. Identification of mechanisms that prevent accumulation of apoptotic debris is important for establishing the etiology of these diseases. The ocular lens is routinely assaulted by UV light that causes lens cell apoptosis and is associated with cataract formation. To date, no molecular mechanism for removal of toxic apoptotic debris has been identified in the lens. Vesicular debris within lens cells exposed to UV light has been observed raising speculation that lens cells themselves could act as phagocytes to remove toxic apoptotic debris. However, phagocytosis has not been confirmed as a function of the intact eye lens, and no mechanism for lens phagocytosis has been established. Here, we demonstrate that the eye lens is capable of phagocytizing extracellular lens cell debris. Using high throughput RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, we establish that lens epithelial cells express members of the integrin αVβ5-mediated phagocytosis pathway and that internalized cell debris co-localizes with αVβ5 and with RAB7 and Rab-interacting lysosomal protein that are required for phagosome maturation and fusion with lysosomes. We demonstrate that the αVβ5 receptor is required for lens epithelial cell phagocytosis and that UV light treatment of lens epithelial cells results in damage to the αVβ5 receptor with concomitant loss of phagocytosis. These data suggest that loss of αVβ5-mediated phagocytosis by the eye lens could result in accumulation of toxic cell debris that could contribute to UV light-induced cataract formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Chauss
- From the Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida 33431
| | - Lisa A Brennan
- From the Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida 33431
| | - Olga Bakina
- From the Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida 33431
| | - Marc Kantorow
- From the Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida 33431
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Suzuki S, Kobuke S, Haruyama N, Hoshino H, Kulkarni AB, Nishimura F. Adhesive and migratory effects of phosphophoryn are modulated by flanking peptides of the integrin binding motif. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112490. [PMID: 25396425 PMCID: PMC4232355 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphophoryn (PP) is generated from the proteolytic cleavage of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP). Gene duplications in the ancestor dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1) genomic sequence created the DSPP gene in toothed animals. PP and DMP-1 are phosphorylated extracellular matrix proteins that belong to the family of small integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoproteins (SIBLINGs). Many SIBLING members have been shown to evoke various cell responses through the integrin-binding Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) domain; however, the RGD-dependent function of PP is not yet fully understood. We demonstrated that recombinant PP did not exhibit any obvious cell adhesion ability, whereas the simultaneously purified recombinant DMP-1 did. A cell adhesion inhibitory analysis was performed by pre-incubating human osteosarcoma MG63 cells with various PP peptides before seeding onto vitronectin. The results obtained revealed that the incorporation of more than one amino acid on both sides of the PP-RGD domain was unable to inhibit the adhesion of MG63 cells onto vitronectin. Furthermore, the inhibitory activity of a peptide containing the PP-RGD domain with an open carboxyl-terminal side (H-463SDESDTNSESANESGSRGDA482-OH) was more potent than that of a peptide containing the RGD domain with an open amino-terminal side (H-478SRGDASYTSDESSDDDNDSDSH499-OH). This phenomenon was supported by the potent cell adhesion and migration abilities of the recombinant truncated PP, which terminated with Ala482. Furthermore, various point mutations in Ala482 and/or Ser483 converted recombinant PP into cell-adhesive proteins. Therefore, we concluded that the Ala482-Ser483 flanking sequence, which was detected in primates and mice, was the key peptide bond that allowed the PP-RGD domain to be sequestered. The differential abilities of PP and DMP-1 to act on integrin imply that DSPP was duplicated from DMP-1 to serve as a crucial extracellular protein for tooth development rather than as an integrin-mediated signaling molecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Suzuki
- Department of Dental Science for Health Promotion, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Seiji Kobuke
- Department of Dental Science for Health Promotion, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naoto Haruyama
- Section of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Hoshino
- Department of Dental Science for Health Promotion, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ashok B. Kulkarni
- Functional Genomics Section, Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Fusanori Nishimura
- Section of Periodontology, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Santidrian AF, LeBoeuf SE, Wold ED, Ritland M, Forsyth JS, Felding BH. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase can affect metastatic activity and cell adhesive functions by regulating integrins in breast cancer. DNA Repair (Amst) 2014; 23:79-87. [PMID: 25263164 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2014.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
NAD(+) metabolism is an essential regulator of cellular redox reactions, energy pathways, and a substrate provider for NAD(+) consuming enzymes. We recently demonstrated that enhancement of NAD(+)/NADH levels in breast cancer cells with impaired mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase activity, through augmentation of complex I or by supplementing tumor cell nutrients with NAD(+) precursors, inhibits tumorigenicity and metastasis. To more fully understand how aberrantly low NAD(+) levels promote tumor cell dissemination, we here asked whether inhibition of NAD(+) salvage pathway activity by reduction in nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) expression can impact metastasis and tumor cell adhesive functions. We show that knockdown of NAMPT, the enzyme catalyzing the rate-limiting step of the NAD(+) salvage pathway, enhances metastatic aggressiveness in human breast cancer cells and involves modulation of integrin expression and function. Reduction in NAMPT expression is associated with upregulation of select adhesion receptors, particularly αvβ3 and β1 integrins, and results in increased breast cancer cell attachment to extracellular matrix proteins, a key function in tumor cell dissemination. Interestingly, NAMPT downregulation prompts expression of integrin αvβ3 in a high affinity conformation, known to promote tumor cell adhesive interactions during hematogenous metastasis. NAMPT has been selected as a therapeutic target for cancer therapy based on the essential functions of this enzyme in NAD(+) metabolism, cellular redox, DNA repair and energy pathways. Notably, our results indicate that incomplete inhibition of NAMPT, which impedes NAD(+) metabolism but does not kill a tumor cell can alter its phenotype to be more aggressive and metastatic. This phenomenon could promote cancer recurrence, even if NAMPT inhibition initially reduces tumor growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio F Santidrian
- Departments of Chemical Physiology and Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Sarah E LeBoeuf
- Departments of Chemical Physiology and Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Erik D Wold
- Departments of Chemical Physiology and Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Melissa Ritland
- Departments of Chemical Physiology and Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Jane S Forsyth
- Departments of Chemical Physiology and Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Brunhilde H Felding
- Departments of Chemical Physiology and Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu Y, Guan L, Zhan J, Lu D, Wan J, Zhang H. FERM domain-containing unconventional myosin VIIA interacts with integrin β5 subunit and regulates αvβ5-mediated cell adhesion and migration. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:2859-66. [PMID: 24997346 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Unconventional myosin VIIA (Myo7a) has been known to associate with hereditary deafness. Here we present a novel function of Myo7a by identifying that Myo7a directly interacts with integrin β5 subunit and regulates cell adhesion and motility in an integrin-dependent manner. We found that Myo7a bound to the cytoplasmic tail of integrin β5. Further, we pinpointed an integrin-binding domain at F3 of the first FERM domain and F1 of the second FERM domain. Functionally, Myo7a-induced cell adhesion and migration were mediated by integrin αvβ5. These findings indicated that Myo7a interacts with integrin β5 and selectively promotes integrin αvβ5-mediated cell migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology and Tumor Biology, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lizhao Guan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology and Tumor Biology, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jun Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology and Tumor Biology, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Danyu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology and Tumor Biology, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Junhu Wan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology and Tumor Biology, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology and Tumor Biology, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Validation and comparison of anti-αvβ3 and anti-αvβ5 rabbit monoclonal versus murine monoclonal antibodies in four different tumor entities. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2014; 21:553-60. [PMID: 23455183 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0b013e318284a03a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Integrins are pivotal in cancer biology and are putative candidates for cancer therapy. The investigation of integrins has been hampered by the lack of antibodies suitable for formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue specimens. Here, we validated monoclonal rabbit antibodies (RabMAbs) against integrins αvβ3 (EM22703) and αvβ5 (EM09902) with murine monoclonal antibodies (MuMabs) LM609 (against αvβ3) and P1F6 (against αvβ5), in immunohistochemistry. Immunostaining was performed on sections of matching unfixed, cryoconserved (CC) and FFPE tissue from 19 colorectal, 20 lung, 17 breast, and 9 ovarian carcinomas. Sections were stained with LM609 and P1F6 and compared with the immunoreactions of the RabMAbs. The degree of concordance was assigned for staining patterns and intensity. Concordance between MuMAbs and RabMAbs ranged from weak, for anti-αvβ5 antibodies, to nearly complete for anti-αvβ3 antibodies. We confirmed that MuMAbs LM609 and P1F6 bound very weakly in FFPE tissue and no staining was seen. By contrast, RabMAbs EM22703 and EM09902 generally showed a high degree of agreement in staining patterns of CC and FFPE tissue. In summary, the RabMAbs had overlapping staining patterns that were generally more intense for CC when compared with FFPE material. This study suggests that EM22703 and EM09902 staining closely matches the staining of standard MuMAbs and also does so in archival FFPE tissue.
Collapse
|
29
|
Uehara K, Uehara A. Integrin αvβ5 in endothelial cells of rat splenic sinus: an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 356:183-93. [PMID: 24556923 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-1796-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Localization of integrins β1-8, α1, α2, α3, α5, α6 and αv in sinus endothelial cells of the rat spleen was examined by immunofluorescence microscopy. Labeling for anti-integrin β5 and integrin αv was detected and colocalized in the entire circumference of endothelial cells. Labeling for integrin β5, vinculin and actin filaments demonstrated that they lay close to each other in the basal part of the endothelial cells. Although the other integrin βs, including integrin β1 and integrins α1, α2, α3, α5 and α6 in combination with integrin β1, were localized in leukocytes, slightly large cells, megakaryocytes and/or platelets in the sinus lumen and splenic cords, they were not detected in endothelial cells. Labeling for vitronectin, a component of the extracellular-matrix-binding integrin αvβ5, was strongly stained in the periphery of the wall of sinuses, as was collagen IV and, in addition, was localized in the cytoplasm of endothelial cells. Ultrastructural localization of integrin β5, vitronectin and clathrin was examined by immunogold electron microscopy to elucidate the involvement of integrin αvβ5 in the endocytosis of vitronectin in sinus endothelial cells. Electron microscopy with detergent extraction revealed abundant coated pits and coated vesicles in endothelial cells. Immunogold labeling for vitronectin was present in pits, vesicles and the stacked endoplasmic reticulum. Double-labeling for integrin β5 or integrin αv and clathrin revealed that they were colocalized in some vesicles in close proximity to the apical and lateral plasma membrane of the endothelial cells. The possible functional roles of integrin αvβ5 in endothelial cells of the splenic sinus are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoko Uehara
- Department of Cell Biology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan,
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Epitope mapping for monoclonal antibody reveals the activation mechanism for αVβ3 integrin. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66096. [PMID: 23840404 PMCID: PMC3688720 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Epitopes for a panel of anti-αVβ3 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were investigated to explore the activation mechanism of αVβ3 integrin. Experiments utilizing αV/αIIb domain-swapping chimeras revealed that among the nine mAbs tested, five recognized the ligand-binding β-propeller domain and four recognized the thigh domain, which is the upper leg of the αV chain. Interestingly, the four mAbs included function-blocking as well as non-functional mAbs, although they bound at a distance from the ligand-binding site. The epitopes for these four mAbs were further determined using human-to-mouse αV chimeras. Among the four, P3G8 recognized an amino acid residue, Ser-528, located on the side of the thigh domain, while AMF-7, M9, and P2W7 all recognized a common epitope, Ser-462, that was located close to the α-genu, where integrin makes a sharp bend in the crystal structure. Fibrinogen binding studies for cells expressing wild-type αVβ3 confirmed that AMF-7, M9, and P2W7 were inhibitory, while P3G8 was non-functional. However, these mAbs were all unable to block binding when αVβ3 was constrained in its extended conformation. These results suggest that AMF-7, M9, and P2W7 block ligand binding allosterically by stabilizing the angle of the bend in the bent conformation. Thus, a switchblade-like movement of the integrin leg is indispensable for the affinity regulation of αVβ3 integrin.
Collapse
|
31
|
Trerotola M, Jernigan DL, Liu Q, Siddiqui J, Fatatis A, Languino LR. Trop-2 promotes prostate cancer metastasis by modulating β(1) integrin functions. Cancer Res 2013; 73:3155-67. [PMID: 23536555 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-3266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying metastatic dissemination are still not completely understood. We have recently shown that β(1) integrin-dependent cell adhesion to fibronectin and signaling is affected by a transmembrane molecule, Trop-2, which is frequently upregulated in human carcinomas. Here, we report that Trop-2 promotes metastatic dissemination of prostate cancer cells in vivo and is abundantly expressed in metastasis from human prostate cancer. We also show here that Trop-2 promotes prostate cancer cell migration on fibronectin, a phenomenon dependent on β(1) integrins. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that Trop-2 and the α(5)β(1) integrin associate through their extracellular domains, causing relocalization of α(5)β(1) and the β(1)-associated molecule talin from focal adhesions to the leading edges. Trop-2 effect is specific as this molecule does not modulate migration on vitronectin, does not associate with the major vitronectin receptor, α(v)β(3) integrin, and does not affect localization of α(v)β(3) integrin as well as vinculin in focal adhesions. We show that Trop-2 enhances directional prostate cancer cell migration, through modulation of Rac1 GTPase activity. Finally, we show that Trop-2 induces activation of PAK4, a kinase that has been reported to mediate cancer cell migration. In conclusion, we provide the first evidence that β(1) integrin-dependent migratory and metastatic competence of prostate cancer cells is enhanced by Trop-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Trerotola
- Prostate Cancer Discovery and Development Program, Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Rapraeger AC, Ell BJ, Roy M, Li X, Morrison OR, Thomas GM, Beauvais DM. Vascular endothelial-cadherin stimulates syndecan-1-coupled insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor and cross-talk between αVβ3 integrin and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 at the onset of endothelial cell dissemination during angiogenesis. FEBS J 2013; 280:2194-206. [PMID: 23331867 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 01/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-stimulated angiogenesis depends on a cross-talk mechanism involving VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin and the αVβ3 integrin. Because we have shown that αVβ3 integrin activation is dependent on its incorporation, along with the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) kinase, into a ternary receptor complex organized by the matrix receptor syndecan-1 (Sdc1), we questioned the role of this core complex in VEGF-stimulated angiogenesis. We find that the Sdc1-coupled ternary receptor complex is required for VEGF signalling and for stimulation of vascular endothelial cell migration by vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) engagement. VE-cadherin binding to Fc/VE-cadherin extracellular domain chimera activates Sdc1-coupled IGF1R and αvβ3 integrin; this depends on VEGFR2 and c-Src activated by the cadherin. Blocking homotypic VE-cadherin engagement disrupts VEGF-stimulated cell migration, which is restored by clustering the cadherin in the absence of cell-cell adhesion. This cadherin-dependent stimulation requires VEGFR2 and IGF1R and is blocked by synstatin (SSTN)(92-119), a peptide that competitively disrupts the Sdc1-coupled ternary complex and prevents the αVβ3 integrin activation required for VEGFR2 activation. VEGFR2-stimulated angiogenesis in the mouse aortic ring explant assay is disrupted by SSTN, although only early in the process, suggesting that IGF1R coupling to Sdc1 and αVβ3 integrin comprises a core activation mechanism activated by VE-cadherin that is necessary for VEGFR2 and integrin activation in the initial stages of endothelial cell dissemination during angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan C Rapraeger
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53705, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Localization of αvβ3-like integrin in cultivated larval cells of the mussel Mytilus trossulus during neuronal and muscle differentiation. J Mol Histol 2012; 43:449-59. [PMID: 22673772 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-012-9428-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Using immunofluorescence phenotyping, the expression of αvβ3-like integrin was examined during neuronal and muscle differentiation in cell cultures derived from trochophore larvae of the mussel Mytilus trossulus. We have demonstrated that some mussel cells grown on fibronectin in vitro express the extracellular matrix (ECM) αvβ3 integrin-like receptor. At the same time, the distribution of αvβ3-like integrin is not ubiquitous, i.e. it depends on the cell type and the time of cultivation. Using immunohistochemical staining, we have found that only in some cells this integrin is co-localized with molluscan neuronal markers, neurotransmitters serotonin (5-HT) or Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-NH(2) neuropeptide (FMRFamide), and also with filament actin but not with paramyosin. Although we have previously shown that an integrin-dependent mechanism is involved in cell adhesion and differentiation of muscle cells of Mytilus, in this study, αvβ3-like integrin has not been found to participate in fibronectin adhesion of muscle cells but may be a linking agent between the ECM and the neuron-like cells.
Collapse
|
34
|
Nandrot EF, Silva KE, Scelfo C, Finnemann SC. Retinal pigment epithelial cells use a MerTK-dependent mechanism to limit the phagocytic particle binding activity of αvβ5 integrin. Biol Cell 2012; 104:326-41. [PMID: 22289110 DOI: 10.1111/boc.201100076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND INFORMATION αvβ5 integrin and Mer tyrosine kinase (MerTK) receptors reside at the apical surface of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in the eye to promote the diurnal, synchronised phagocytosis of shed photoreceptor outer segment fragments (POS) that is critical for vision. Phagocytosis assays studying RPE cells in culture have defined roles for αvβ5 in POS surface binding and for MerTK in engulfment of bound POS. Both receptors have thus far only been studied separately. It is therefore unknown if αvβ5 integrin activity in POS binding is independent of the engulfment function of RPE cells. This study investigates how increasing αvβ5 receptor levels affect POS binding and internalisation by wild-type (wt), αvβ5- or MerTK-deficient RPE. RESULTS β5 integrin-green fluorescent protein (β5-GFP) fusion proteins formed heterodimeric receptors with endogenous αv integrin subunits at the apical surface of mouse or rat RPE cells that co-immunoprecipitated focal adhesion kinase and redistributed with bound POS such as endogenous αvβ5 receptors. In β5(-/-) RPE cells, de novo formation of αvβ5-GFP receptors restored POS binding and internalisation up to, but not, above wt POS uptake levels. In wt RPE cells, increasing levels of αvβ5 surface receptors by over-expressing β5-GFP only moderately stimulated POS binding, even if POS internalisation was inhibited pharmacologically or by lowering incubation temperatures. In contrast, the same increase in αvβ5 receptor levels dramatically enhanced POS binding of RPE cells lacking MerTK. Furthermore, decreasing MerTK expression by RNA interference increased POS binding to endogenous αvβ5 receptors of wt RPE cells. CONCLUSIONS Expressing β5-GFP is sufficient to reverse phagocytic deficiencies of RPE cells derived from β5(-/-) mice, indicating that these cells do not irreversibly lose other components of the phagocytic machinery. RPE cells expressing the engulfment receptor MerTK control POS binding by limiting activity of endogenous αvβ5 and αvβ5-GFP integrins, although they reside at the apical, phagocytic surface. In contrast, RPE cells permanently or transiently losing MerTK expression lack this regulatory mechanism and bind excess POS via surface αvβ5 receptors. Taken together, these data reveal a novel feedback mechanism that restricts binding of POS to surface αvβ5 integrin receptors in RPE cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emeline F Nandrot
- Department of Ophthalmology, Margaret M. Dyson Vision Research Institute, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Goodman SL, Grote HJ, Wilm C. Matched rabbit monoclonal antibodies against αv-series integrins reveal a novel αvβ3-LIBS epitope, and permit routine staining of archival paraffin samples of human tumors. Biol Open 2012; 1:329-40. [PMID: 23213423 PMCID: PMC3509452 DOI: 10.1242/bio.2012364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between integrin expression and function in pathologies is often contentious as comparisons between human pathological expression and expression in cell lines is difficult. In addition, the expression of even integrins αvβ6 and αvβ8 in tumor cell lines is not comprehensively documented. Here, we describe rabbit monoclonal antibodies (RabMabs) against the extracellular domains of αv integrins that react with both native integrins and formalin fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) human tissues. These RabMabs, against αvβ3 (EM22703), αvβ5 (EM09902), αvβ6 (EM05201), αvβ8 (EM13309), and pan-αv (EM01309), recognize individual integrin chains in Western blots and in flow cytometry. EM22703 detected a ligand-induced binding site (LIBS), reporting an epitope enhanced by the binding of an RGD-peptide to αvβ3. αvβ8 was rarely expressed in human tumor specimens, and weakly expressed in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). However, ovarian carcinoma cell lines expressed αvβ8, as did some melanoma cells, whereas U87MG glioma lacked αvβ8 expression. We observed an unexpected strong expression of αvβ6 in tumor samples of invasive ductal breast adenoma, colorectal carcinoma (CRC), and NSCLC. αvβ3 was strongly expressed in some invasive NSCLC cohorts. Interestingly, PC3 prostate cell and human prostate tumors did not express αvβ3. The RabMabs stained plasma membranes in FFPE-immunohistochemistry (IHC) samples of tumor cell lines from lung, ovary, colon, prostate, squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN), breast, and pancreas carcinomas. The RabMabs are unique tools for probing αv integrin biology, and suggest that especially αvβ6 and αvβ8 biologies still have much to reveal.
Collapse
|
36
|
Goswami RK, Bajjuri KM, Forsyth JS, Das S, Hassenpflug W, Huang ZZ, Lerner RA, Felding-Habermann B, Sinha SC. Chemically programmed antibodies targeting multiple alpha(v) integrins and their effects on tumor-related functions in vitro. Bioconjug Chem 2011; 22:1535-44. [PMID: 21774545 PMCID: PMC3277862 DOI: 10.1021/bc2000879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Integrins αvβ3 and αvβ6 are highly expressed on tumor cells and/or by the tumor vasculature of many human cancers, and represent promising targets for anticancer therapy. Novel chemically programmed antibodies (cpAbs) targeting these integrins were prepared using the catalytic aldolase Antibody (Ab) programming strategy. The effects of the cpAbs on cellular functions related to tumor progression were examined in vitro using tumor cell lines and their cognate integrin ligands, fibronectin and osteopontin. The inhibitory functions of the conjugates and their specificity were examined based on interference with cell-cell and cell-ligand interactions related to tumor progression. Cell binding analyses of the anti-integrin cpAbs revealed high affinity for tumor cells that overexpressed αvβ3 and αvβ6 integrins, and weak interactions with αvβ1 and αvβ8 integrins, in vitro. Functional analyses demonstrated that the cpAbs strongly inhibited cell-cell interactions through osteopontin binding, and they had little or no immediate effects on cell viability and proliferation. On the basis of these characteristics, the cpAbs are likely to have a broad range of activities in vivo, as they can target and antagonize one or multiple αv integrins expressed on tumors and tumor vasculatures. Presumably, these conjugates may inhibit the establishment of metastastatic tumors in distant organs through interfering with cell adhesion more effectively than antibodies or compounds targeting one integrin only. These anti-integrin cpAbs may also provide useful reagents to study combined effect of multiple αv integrins on cellular functions in vitro, on pathologies, including tumor angiogenesis, fibrosis, and epithelial cancers, in vivo.
Collapse
|
37
|
Desai RA, Khan MK, Gopal SB, Chen CS. Subcellular spatial segregation of integrin subtypes by patterned multicomponent surfaces. Integr Biol (Camb) 2011; 3:560-7. [PMID: 21298148 PMCID: PMC3586560 DOI: 10.1039/c0ib00129e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
While it is well known that individual integrins are critical mediators of cell behavior, recent work has shown that when multiple types of integrins simultaneously engage the ECM, cell functions are enhanced. However, it is not known how integrins spatially coordinate to regulate cell adhesion because no reliable method exists to segregate integrins on the cell membrane. Here, we use a microcontact printing-based strategy to pattern multiple ECMs that bind distinct integrins in order to study how integrins might interact. In our technique, proteins are first adsorbed uniformly to a poly(dimethyl siloxane) stamp, and then selectively "de-inked." Our strategy overcomes several inherent limitations of conventional microcontact printing, including stamp collapse and limited functionality of the surface patterns. We show that integrins spatially segregate on surfaces patterned with multiple ECMs, as expected. Interestingly, despite spatial segregation of distinct integrins, cells could form adhesions and migrate across multicomponent surfaces as well as they do on single component surfaces. Together, our data indicate that although cells can segregate individual integrins on the cell surface to mediate ECM-specific binding, integrins function cooperatively to guide cell adhesion and migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi A. Desai
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 S. 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Mohammed K. Khan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 S. 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Smitha B. Gopal
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 S. 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Christopher S. Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 S. 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Atmaja B, Lui BH, Hu Y, Beck SE, Frank CW, Cochran JR. Targeting of Cancer Cells Using Quantum Dot-Polypeptide Hybrid Assemblies that Function as Molecular Imaging Agents and Carrier Systems. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2010; 20:4091-4097. [PMID: 25750609 PMCID: PMC4349486 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We report a highly tunable quantum dot (QD)-polypeptide hybrid assembly system with potential uses for both molecular imaging and delivery of biomolecular cargo to cancer cells. In this work, we demonstrate the tunability of the assembly system, its application for imaging cancer cells, and its ability to carry a biomolecule. The assemblies are formed through the self-assembly of carboxyl-functionalized QDs and poly(diethylene glycol-L-lysine)-poly(L-lysine) (PEGLL-PLL) diblock copolypeptide molecules, and they are modified with peptide ligands containing a cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartate [c(RGD)] motif that has affinity for αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrins overexpressed on the tumor vasculature. To illustrate the tunability of the QD-polypeptide assembly system, we show that binding to U87MG glioblastoma cells can be modulated and optimized by changing either the conditions under which the assemblies are formed or the relative lengths of the PEGLL and PLL blocks in the PEGLL-PLL molecules. The optimized c(RGD)-modified assemblies bind integrin receptors on U87MG cells and are endocytosed, as demonstrated by flow cytometry and live-cell imaging. Binding specificity is confirmed by competition with an excess of free c(RGD) peptide. Finally, we show that the QD-polypeptide assemblies can be loaded with fluorescently labeled ovalbumin, as a proof-of-concept for their potential use in biomolecule delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bayu Atmaja
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 381 North-South Mall, Stauffer III, Stanford, CA 94305. U.S.A
| | - Bertrand H. Lui
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, The James H. Clark Center, W250, Stanford, CA 94305. U.S.A
| | - Yuhua Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 381 North-South Mall, Stauffer III, Stanford, CA 94305. U.S.A
| | | | - Curtis W. Frank
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 381 North-South Mall, Stauffer III, Stanford, CA 94305. U.S.A
| | - Jennifer R. Cochran
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, The James H. Clark Center, W250, Stanford, CA 94305. U.S.A
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, The James H. Clark Center, W250, Stanford, CA 94305. U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Minami A, Mizutani K, Waseda M, Kajita M, Miyata M, Ikeda W, Takai Y. Necl-5/PVR enhances PDGF-induced attraction of growing microtubules to the plasma membrane of the leading edge of moving NIH3T3 cells. Genes Cells 2010; 15:1123-35. [PMID: 20964795 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2443.2010.01450.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Microtubules (MTs) search for and grow toward the leading edge of moving cells, followed by their stabilization at a specific structure at the rear site of the leading edge. This dynamic re-orientation of MTs is critical to directional cell movement. We previously showed that Necl-5/poliovirus receptor (PVR) interacts with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor and integrin α(v) β(3) at the leading edge of moving NIH3T3 cells, resulting in an enhancement of their directional movement. We studied here the role of Necl-5 in the PDGF-induced attraction of growing MTs to the leading edge of NIH3T3 cells. Necl-5 enhanced the PDGF-induced growth of MTs and attracted them near to the plasma membrane of the leading edge of NIH3T3 cells in an integrin α(v) β(3) -dependent manner. Furthermore, Necl-5 enhanced the PDGF-induced attraction of the plus-end-tracking proteins (+TIPs), including EB1, CLIP170, an intermediate chain subunit of cytoplasmic dynein, and p150(Glued) , a subunit of dynactin, near to the plasma membrane of the leading edge. Thus, Necl-5 plays a role in the attraction of growing MTs to the plasma membrane of the leading edge of moving cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Minami
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine/Faculty of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Helicobacter pylori exploits cholesterol-rich microdomains for induction of NF-kappaB-dependent responses and peptidoglycan delivery in epithelial cells. Infect Immun 2010; 78:4523-31. [PMID: 20713621 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00439-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with Helicobacter pylori cag pathogenicity island (cagPAI)-positive strains is associated with more destructive tissue damage and an increased risk of severe disease. The cagPAI encodes a type IV secretion system (TFSS) that delivers the bacterial effector molecules CagA and peptidoglycan into the host cell cytoplasm, thereby inducing responses in host cells. It was previously shown that interactions between CagL, present on the TFSS pilus, and host α(5)β(1) integrin molecules were critical for CagA translocation and the induction of cytoskeletal rearrangements in epithelial cells. As the α(5)β(1) integrin is found in cholesterol-rich microdomains (known as lipid rafts), we hypothesized that these domains may also be involved in the induction of proinflammatory responses mediated by NOD1 recognition of H. pylori peptidoglycan. Indeed, not only did methyl-β-cyclodextrin depletion of cholesterol from cultured epithelial cells have a significant effect on the levels of NF-κB and interleukin-8 (IL-8) responses induced by H. pylori bacteria with an intact TFSS (P < 0.05), but it also interfered with TFSS-mediated peptidoglycan delivery to cells. Both of these effects could be restored by cholesterol replenishment of the cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated for the first time the involvement of α(5)β(1) integrin in the induction of proinflammatory responses by H. pylori. Taking the results together, we propose that α(5)β(1) integrin, which is associated with cholesterol-rich microdomains at the host cell surface, is required for NOD1 recognition of peptidoglycan and subsequent induction of NF-κB-dependent responses to H. pylori. These data implicate cholesterol-rich microdomains as a novel platform for TFSS-dependent delivery of bacterial products to cytosolic pathogen recognition molecules.
Collapse
|
41
|
Rowland TJ, Miller LM, Blaschke AJ, Doss EL, Bonham AJ, Hikita ST, Johnson LV, Clegg DO. Roles of Integrins in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Growth on Matrigel and Vitronectin. Stem Cells Dev 2010; 19:1231-40. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2009.0328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Teisha J. Rowland
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
- Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
| | - Liane M. Miller
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
| | - Alison J. Blaschke
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
| | - E. Lauren Doss
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
| | - Andrew J. Bonham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
| | - Sherry T. Hikita
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
- Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
| | - Lincoln V. Johnson
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
- Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
- Center for the Study of Macular Degeneration, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
| | - Dennis O. Clegg
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
- Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
- Center for the Study of Macular Degeneration, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Li Z, Zhang H, Lundin L, Thullberg M, Liu Y, Wang Y, Claesson-Welsh L, Strömblad S. p21-activated kinase 4 phosphorylation of integrin beta5 Ser-759 and Ser-762 regulates cell migration. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:23699-710. [PMID: 20507994 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.123497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Modulation of integrin alphavbeta5 regulates vascular permeability, angiogenesis, and tumor dissemination. In addition, we previously found a role for p21-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) in selective regulation of integrin alphavbeta5-mediated cell motility (Zhang, H., Li, Z., Viklund, E. K., and Strömblad, S. (2002) J. Cell Biol. 158, 1287-1297). This report focuses on the molecular mechanisms of this regulation. We here identified a unique PAK4-binding membrane-proximal integrin beta5-SERS-motif involved in controlling cell attachment and migration. We also mapped the integrin beta5-binding site within PAK4. We found that PAK4 binding to integrin beta5 was not sufficient to promote cell migration, but that PAK4 kinase activity was required for PAK4 promotion of cell motility. Importantly, PAK4 specifically phosphorylated the integrin beta5 subunit at Ser-759 and Ser-762 within the beta5-SERS-motif. Point mutation of these two serine residues abolished the PAK4-induced cell migration, indicating a functional role for these phosphorylations in migration. Our results may give important leads to the functional regulation of integrin alphavbeta5, with implications for vascular permeability, angiogenesis, and cancer dissemination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhilun Li
- Center for Biosciences, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83 Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Leong FY, Chiam KH. Adhesive dynamics of lubricated films. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2010; 81:041923. [PMID: 20481769 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.81.041923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2009] [Revised: 03/29/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Membrane waves have been observed near the leading edge of a motile cell. Such phenomenon is the result of the interplay between hydrodynamics and adhesive dynamics. Here we consider membrane dynamics on a thin fluid gap supported by adhesive bonds. Using coupled lubrication theory and adhesive dynamics, we derive an evolution equation to account for membrane tension, bending, adhesion, and viscous lubrication. Four adhesion scenarios are examined: no adhesion, uniform adhesion, clustered adhesion, and focal adhesion. Two contrasting traveling wave types are found, namely, tension and adhesion waves. Tension waves disperse with time and space, whereas adhesion waves show increased amplitudes and are highly persistent. We show that the transition from tension to adhesion waves depends on a necessary, but insufficient, criterion that the wave amplitude must exceed a critical gap height, which is dependent on adhesion binding probability. We also show that strong adhesion results in sharp tension-to-adhesion wave transitions. The present work could explain the strong persistence of the waves observed in adhered cells using differential inference contrast (DIC) microscopy and the observation that the wavelengths decrease shortly after leading edge retraction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fong Yew Leong
- A*STAR Institute of High Performance Computing, 1 Fusionopolis Way, No. 16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore.
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wong JCY, Gao SY, Lees JG, Best MB, Wang R, Tuch BE. Definitive endoderm derived from human embryonic stem cells highly express the integrin receptors alphaV and beta5. Cell Adh Migr 2010; 4:39-45. [PMID: 20026907 DOI: 10.4161/cam.4.1.10627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can be directed to differentiate into a number of endoderm cell types, however mature functional cells have yet to be produced in vitro. This suggests that there may be important factors that have yet to be described, which may be essential for the proper derivation of these cells. One such factor is the integrin mediated interactions between a cell and the extracellular matrix (ECM). On this basis, the present study investigated the role of the ECM in the directed differentiation of hESCs to definitive endoderm via analysis of integrin gene expression. The results showed that definitive endoderm can be efficiently and effectively derived from hESCs in a feeder free, single defined ECM of laminin. Analysis of integrin expression also showed that definitive endoderm highly express the integrins alphaV and beta5, which have the ability to bind to vitronectin, whilst expression of the pluripotency related laminin binding integrins alpha3, alpha6 and beta4 were downregulated. This suggested a potential role of vitronectin binding integrins in the development of definitive endoderm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C Y Wong
- Diabetes Transplant Unit, The Prince of Wales Hospital and University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Hasan N, Hu C. Vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 mediates trafficking of α5β1 integrin to the plasma membrane. Exp Cell Res 2010; 316:12-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2009.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2009] [Revised: 09/02/2009] [Accepted: 10/05/2009] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
46
|
Abstract
The integrin family of cell adhesion receptors regulates a diverse array of cellular functions crucial to the initiation, progression and metastasis of solid tumours. The importance of integrins in several cell types that affect tumour progression has made them an appealing target for cancer therapy. Integrin antagonists, including the alphavbeta3 and alphavbeta5 inhibitor cilengitide, have shown encouraging activity in Phase II clinical trials and cilengitide is currently being tested in a Phase III trial in patients with glioblastoma. These exciting clinical developments emphasize the need to identify how integrin antagonists influence the tumour and its microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jay S Desgrosellier
- Department of Pathology, Moores University of California at San Diego Cancer Center, La Jolla, 92093-0803, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Expression profiling of integrins in lung cancer cells. Pathol Res Pract 2009; 205:847-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2009.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2008] [Revised: 07/01/2009] [Accepted: 07/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
48
|
Goswami RK, Huang ZZ, Forsyth JS, Felding-Habermann B, Sinha SC. Multiple catalytic aldolase antibodies suitable for chemical programming. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:3821-4. [PMID: 19428247 PMCID: PMC2923540 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2009] [Revised: 04/04/2009] [Accepted: 04/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Chemical programming of nine murine antibodies with catalytic aldolase activity was examined using compounds, equipped with diketone or pro-vinyl ketone linkers that inhibit integrin adhesion receptor functions. The results showed that most Abs were programmed using the diketone compounds in a manner similar to previously reported catalytic antibody 38C2. On the other hand, only those antibodies, which catalyzed the retro aldol reaction of the pro-vinyl ketone linkers efficiently, were programmed. Conjugated to integrin targeting compounds, at least three new antibodies, including 84G3, 85H6, and 90G8, exhibited high specific binding to human tumor cells expressing integrin alpha(v)beta(3.).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Kumar Goswami
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Xie P, Sun L, Nayak B, Haruna Y, Liu FY, Kashihara N, Kanwar YS. C/EBP-beta modulates transcription of tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen in obstructive uropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol 2009; 20:807-19. [PMID: 19297554 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2008091007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tubulointerstitial injury leading to fibrosis is a common pathway of many renal diseases. During this type of injury, modeled by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), cells undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process that is mediated by various cytokines that modulate the biology of extracellular matrix proteins. Here, we studied the tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen (TINag), a tubular basement membrane protein, in the UUO model of tubulointerstitial injury. We observed upregulation of type IV collagen but downregulation of both laminin and TINag in obstructed kidneys. TINag downregulation was a result of oxidative stress; in the proximal tubular epithelial cell line HK-2, TINag expression and its promoter activity decreased after treatment with H2O2. We identified multiple CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (C/EBP-beta) motifs in the TINag promoter and observed that oxidant stress perturbed interactions between TINag DNA and C/EBP-beta protein. Oxidant stress reduced nuclear translocation of C/EBP-beta in HK-2 cells, which was restored by antioxidants. In addition, overexpression of C/EBP-beta restored the H2O2-induced reduction of TINag promoter activity and expression. Furthermore, in vivo, renal obstruction reduced nuclear expression of C/EBP-beta. Cells grown on a TINag substratum maintained their normal epithelial phenotype and cytoskeletal organization, similar to those grown on type IV collagen, and demonstrated reduced synthesis of fibronectin. Taken together, these findings suggest that altered interactions between C/EBP-beta and TINag play a critical role in the pathophysiology of renal injury after obstruction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xie
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Alpha v beta 3 and alpha v beta 5 integrins and their role in muscle precursor cell adhesion. Biol Cell 2008; 100:465-77. [PMID: 18282143 DOI: 10.1042/bc20070115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND INFORMATION Functional adaptation of skeletal muscle is a requirement for different muscle groups (e.g. craniofacial, ocular and limb) to undergo site-specific changes. Such tissue remodelling depends on dynamic interactions between muscle cells and their extracellular matrix, via participation of multifunctional molecules such as integrins. In view of data suggesting a role in fundamental muscle biology and muscle development in other systems, the present study has focused on expression and function of alpha v integrins, in cultured adult human craniofacial muscle (masseter) precursor cells and myotubes, and the predominantly fibroblastic IC (interstitial cells) population. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Flow-cytometric phenotyping and immunofluorescence phenotyping show that alpha v, alpha v beta 3 and alpha v beta 5 are expressed in all mononuclear cells (muscle precursors and IC) seeded on muscle extracellular molecules such as gelatin, VN (vitronectin) and FN (fibronectin). In this system, blockade of alpha v activity using a function-perturbing antibody abrogates cell migration on VN and FN. alpha v integrins act predominantly as VN receptors as cell-substrate attachment is diminished when alpha v neutralizing agents are introduced into cultures seeded on VN, and this inhibition is reversible; these integrins also appear to be minor FN receptors. These results demonstrate that the alpha v subset of integrins present on both myogenic precursors and IC is an essential cohort of VN and, to a lesser extent, FN receptors mediating cell adhesion and, either directly or indirectly, arbiters of cell motility.
Collapse
|