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Yu SB, Wang H, Sanchez RG, Carlson NM, Nguyen K, Zhang A, Papich ZD, Abushawish AA, Whiddon Z, Matysik W, Zhang J, Whisenant TC, Ghassemian M, Koberstein JN, Stewart ML, Myers SA, Pekkurnaz G. Neuronal activity-driven O-GlcNAcylation promotes mitochondrial plasticity. Dev Cell 2024; 59:2143-2157.e9. [PMID: 38843836 PMCID: PMC11338717 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Neuronal activity is an energy-intensive process that is largely sustained by instantaneous fuel utilization and ATP synthesis. However, how neurons couple ATP synthesis rate to fuel availability is largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the metabolic sensor enzyme O-linked N-acetyl glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase regulates neuronal activity-driven mitochondrial bioenergetics in hippocampal and cortical neurons. We show that neuronal activity upregulates O-GlcNAcylation in mitochondria. Mitochondrial O-GlcNAcylation is promoted by activity-driven glucose consumption, which allows neurons to compensate for high energy expenditure based on fuel availability. To determine the proteins that are responsible for these adjustments, we mapped the mitochondrial O-GlcNAcome of neurons. Finally, we determine that neurons fail to meet activity-driven metabolic demand when O-GlcNAcylation dynamics are prevented. Our findings suggest that O-GlcNAcylation provides a fuel-dependent feedforward control mechanism in neurons to optimize mitochondrial performance based on neuronal activity. This mechanism thereby couples neuronal metabolism to mitochondrial bioenergetics and plays a key role in sustaining energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungyoon B Yu
- Neurobiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Haoming Wang
- Neurobiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Richard G Sanchez
- Neurobiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Natasha M Carlson
- Neurobiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Khanh Nguyen
- Laboratory for Immunochemical Circuits, Center of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, and Division of Signaling and Gene Expression, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Andrew Zhang
- Neurobiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Zachary D Papich
- Neurobiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ahmed A Abushawish
- Neurobiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Zachary Whiddon
- Neurobiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Weronika Matysik
- Neurobiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- Neurobiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Thomas C Whisenant
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Majid Ghassemian
- Biomolecular and Proteomics Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - John N Koberstein
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Melissa L Stewart
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Samuel A Myers
- Laboratory for Immunochemical Circuits, Center of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, and Division of Signaling and Gene Expression, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Program in Immunology, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Gulcin Pekkurnaz
- Neurobiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Rybchuk J, Xiao W. Dual activities of a silencing information regulator complex in yeast transcriptional regulation and DNA-damage response. MLIFE 2024; 3:207-218. [PMID: 38948145 PMCID: PMC11211678 DOI: 10.1002/mlf2.12108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae silencing information regulator (SIR) complex contains up to four proteins, namely Sir1, Sir2, Sir3, and Sir4. While Sir2 encodes a NAD-dependent histone deacetylase, other SIR proteins mainly function as structural and scaffold components through physical interaction with various proteins. The SIR complex displays different conformation and composition, including Sir2 homotrimer, Sir1-4 heterotetramer, Sir2-4 heterotrimer, and their derivatives, which recycle and relocate to different chromosomal regions. Major activities of the SIR complex are transcriptional silencing through chromosomal remodeling and modulation of DNA double-strand-break repair pathways. These activities allow the SIR complex to be involved in mating-type maintenance and switching, telomere and subtelomere gene silencing, promotion of nonhomologous end joining, and inhibition of homologous recombination, as well as control of cell aging. This review explores the potential link between epigenetic regulation and DNA damage response conferred by the SIR complex under various conditions aiming at understanding its roles in balancing cell survival and genomic stability in response to internal and environmental stresses. As core activities of the SIR complex are highly conserved in eukaryotes from yeast to humans, knowledge obtained in the yeast may apply to mammalian Sirtuin homologs and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Rybchuk
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada
- Toxicology ProgramUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada
| | - Wei Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada
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Tiwari A, Myeong J, Hashemiaghdam A, Zhang H, Niu X, Laramie MA, Stunault MI, Sponagel J, Patti G, Shriver L, Klyachko V, Ashrafi G. Mitochondrial pyruvate transport regulates presynaptic metabolism and neurotransmission. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.20.586011. [PMID: 38562794 PMCID: PMC10983914 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.20.586011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Glucose has long been considered the primary fuel source for the brain. However, glucose levels fluctuate in the brain during sleep, intense circuit activity, or dietary restrictions, posing significant metabolic stress. Here, we demonstrate that the mammalian brain utilizes pyruvate as a fuel source, and pyruvate can support neuronal viability in the absence of glucose. Nerve terminals are sites of metabolic vulnerability within a neuron and we show that mitochondrial pyruvate uptake is a critical step in oxidative ATP production in hippocampal terminals. We find that the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier is post-translationally modified by lysine acetylation which in turn modulates mitochondrial pyruvate uptake. Importantly, our data reveal that the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier regulates distinct steps in synaptic transmission, namely, the spatiotemporal pattern of synaptic vesicle release and the efficiency of vesicle retrieval, functions that have profound implications for synaptic plasticity. In summary, we identify pyruvate as a potent neuronal fuel and mitochondrial pyruvate uptake as a critical node for the metabolic control of synaptic transmission in hippocampal terminals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupama Tiwari
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Jongyun Myeong
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Arsalan Hashemiaghdam
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University in St. Louis
- Present address: Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Medicine, Center for Metabolomics and Isotope Tracing, Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Xianfeng Niu
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Medicine, Center for Metabolomics and Isotope Tracing, Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Marissa A Laramie
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Marion I Stunault
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Jasmin Sponagel
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Gary Patti
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Medicine, Center for Metabolomics and Isotope Tracing, Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Leah Shriver
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Medicine, Center for Metabolomics and Isotope Tracing, Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Vitaly Klyachko
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Ghazaleh Ashrafi
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University in St. Louis
- Needleman Center for Neurometabolism and Axonal Therapeutics, Washington University in St. Louis
- Lead Contact
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Walsh AP, Simon DJ. Sugar-free synapses run on mitochondrial Sirtuin 3. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202312035. [PMID: 38091013 PMCID: PMC10720655 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202312035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic plasticity of neurons ensures their activity continues when glucose is limited. Walsh and Simon discuss new work by Ashrafi and colleagues (https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202305048) that finds Sirtuin 3 directs local metabolic adaptation at synapses during sustained glucose deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David J. Simon
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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