1
|
Kawaji‐Kanayama Y, Tsukamoto T, Nakano M, Tokuda Y, Nagata H, Mizuhara K, Katsuragawa‐Taminishi Y, Isa R, Fujino T, Matsumura‐Kimoto Y, Mizutani S, Shimura Y, Taniwaki M, Tashiro K, Kuroda J. miR-17-92 cluster-BTG2 axis regulates B-cell receptor signaling in mantle cell lymphoma. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:452-464. [PMID: 38050664 PMCID: PMC10859618 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling is critically activated and stable for mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), but the underlying mechanism of the activated BCR signaling pathway is not clear. The pathogenic basis of miR-17-92 cluster remains unclear although the oncogenic microRNA (miRNA) miR-17-92 cluster is highly expressed in patients with MCL. We revealed that miR-17-92 cluster overexpression is partly dependent on SOX11 expression and chromatin acetylation of MIR17HG enhancer regions. Moreover, miR-17-92 cluster regulates not only cell proliferation but BCR signaling activation in MCL cell lines. To comprehensively identify miR-17-92 cluster target genes, we performed pulldown-seq, where target RNA of miRNA was captured using the biotinylated miRNA mimics and magnetic bead-coated streptavidin, and quantified using next-generation sequencing. The pulldown-seq identified novel miRNA target genes, including tumor suppressors such as BTG2 (miR-19b), CDKN2A (miR-17), SYNE1 (miR-20a), TET2 (miR-18, miR-19b, and miR-92a), TNFRSF10A (miR-92a), and TRAF3 (miR-17). Notably, the gene expression profile data of patients with MCL revealed that BTG2 expression was negatively associated with that of BCR signature genes, and low BTG2 expression was associated with poor overall survival. Moreover, BTG2 silencing in MCL cell lines significantly induced BCR signaling overactivation and cell proliferation. Our results suggest an oncogenic role of miR-17-92 cluster-activating BCR signaling throughout BTG2 deregulation in MCL. Furthermore, this may contribute to the prediction of the therapeutic efficacy and improved outcomes of MCL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kawaji‐Kanayama
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and OncologyKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Taku Tsukamoto
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and OncologyKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Masakazu Nakano
- Department of Genomic Medical SciencesKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Yuichi Tokuda
- Department of Genomic Medical SciencesKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Hiroaki Nagata
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and OncologyKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Kentaro Mizuhara
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and OncologyKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Yoko Katsuragawa‐Taminishi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and OncologyKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Reiko Isa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and OncologyKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Takahiro Fujino
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and OncologyKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Yayoi Matsumura‐Kimoto
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and OncologyKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
- Department of HematologyJapan Community Health Care Organization, Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical CenterKyotoJapan
| | - Shinsuke Mizutani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and OncologyKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Yuji Shimura
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and OncologyKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Masafumi Taniwaki
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and OncologyKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
- Department of HematologyAiseikai Yamashina HospitalKyotoJapan
- Center for Molecular Diagnostic and TherapeuticsKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Kei Tashiro
- Department of Genomic Medical SciencesKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Junya Kuroda
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and OncologyKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu J, Bu X, Chu C, Dai X, Asara JM, Sicinski P, Freeman GJ, Wei W. PRMT1 mediated methylation of cGAS suppresses anti-tumor immunity. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2806. [PMID: 37193698 PMCID: PMC10188589 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38443-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the cGAS/STING innate immunity pathway is essential and effective for anti-tumor immunotherapy. However, it remains largely elusive how tumor-intrinsic cGAS signaling is suppressed to facilitate tumorigenesis by escaping immune surveillance. Here, we report that the protein arginine methyltransferase, PRMT1, methylates cGAS at the conserved Arg133 residue, which prevents cGAS dimerization and suppresses the cGAS/STING signaling in cancer cells. Notably, genetic or pharmaceutical ablation of PRMT1 leads to activation of cGAS/STING-dependent DNA sensing signaling, and robustly elevates the transcription of type I and II interferon response genes. As such, PRMT1 inhibition elevates tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in a cGAS-dependent manner, and promotes tumoral PD-L1 expression. Thus, combination therapy of PRMT1 inhibitor with anti-PD-1 antibody augments the anti-tumor therapeutic efficacy in vivo. Our study therefore defines the PRMT1/cGAS/PD-L1 regulatory axis as a critical factor in determining immune surveillance efficacy, which serves as a promising therapeutic target for boosting tumor immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710061, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P.R. China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xia Bu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Chen Chu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Xiaoming Dai
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - John M Asara
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Piotr Sicinski
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Center for Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Gordon J Freeman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wu S, Yin Y, Wang X. The epigenetic regulation of the germinal center response. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2022; 1865:194828. [PMID: 35643396 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2022.194828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In response to T-cell-dependent antigens, antigen-experienced B cells migrate to the center of the B-cell follicle to seed the germinal center (GC) response after cognate interactions with CD4+ T cells. These GC B cells eventually mature into memory and long-lived antibody-secreting plasma cells, thus generating long-lived humoral immunity. Within GC, B cells undergo somatic hypermutation of their B cell receptors (BCR) and positive selection for the emergence of high-affinity antigen-specific B-cell clones. However, this process may be dangerous, as the accumulation of aberrant mutations could result in malignant transformation of GC B cells or give rise to autoreactive B cell clones that can cause autoimmunity. Because of this, better understanding of GC development provides diagnostic and therapeutic clues to the underlying pathologic process. A productive GC response is orchestrated by multiple mechanisms. An emerging important regulator of GC reaction is epigenetic modulation, which has key transcriptional regulatory properties. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the biology of epigenetic mechanisms in the regulation of GC reaction and outline its importance in identification of immunotherapy decision making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shusheng Wu
- Department of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuye Yin
- Department of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Srour N, Khan S, Richard S. The Influence of Arginine Methylation in Immunity and Inflammation. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:2939-2958. [PMID: 35602664 PMCID: PMC9114649 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s364190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploration in the field of epigenetics has revealed that protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) contribute to disease, and this has given way to the development of specific small molecule compounds that inhibit arginine methylation. Protein arginine methylation is known to regulate fundamental cellular processes, such as transcription; pre-mRNA splicing and other RNA processing mechanisms; signal transduction, including the anti-viral response; and cellular metabolism. PRMTs are also implicated in the regulation of physiological processes, including embryonic development, myogenesis, and the immune system. Finally, the dysregulation of PRMTs is apparent in cancer, neurodegeneration, muscular disorders, and during inflammation. Herein, we review the functions of PRMTs in immunity and inflammation. We also discuss recent progress with PRMTs regarding the modulation of gene expression related to T and B lymphocyte differentiation, germinal center dynamics, and anti-viral signaling responses, as well as the clinical relevance of using PRMT inhibitors alone or in combination with other drugs to treat cancer, immune, and inflammatory-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nivine Srour
- Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1E2, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, and Departments of Biochemistry, Human Genetics, and Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Sarah Khan
- Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1E2, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, and Departments of Biochemistry, Human Genetics, and Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Stephane Richard
- Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1E2, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, and Departments of Biochemistry, Human Genetics, and Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1E2, Canada
- Correspondence: Stephane Richard, Email
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dai W, Zhang J, Li S, He F, Liu Q, Gong J, Yang Z, Gong Y, Tang F, Wang Z, Xie C. Protein Arginine Methylation: An Emerging Modification in Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:865964. [PMID: 35493527 PMCID: PMC9046588 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.865964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) have emerged as new members of a gene expression regulator family in eukaryotes, and are associated with cancer pathogenesis and progression. Cancer immunotherapy has significantly improved cancer treatment in terms of overall survival and quality of life. Protein arginine methylation is an epigenetic modification function not only in transcription, RNA processing, and signal transduction cascades, but also in many cancer-immunity cycle processes. Arginine methylation is involved in the activation of anti-cancer immunity and the regulation of immunotherapy efficacy. In this review, we summarize the most up-to-date information on regulatory molecular mechanisms and different underlying arginine methylation signaling pathways in innate and adaptive immune responses during cancer. We also outline the potential of PRMT-inhibitors as effective combinatorial treatments with immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weijing Dai
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fajian He
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Gong
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zetian Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment Technology and Translational Medicine, Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Tang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Fang Tang, ; Conghua Xie, ; Zhihao Wang, ;
| | - Zhihao Wang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Fang Tang, ; Conghua Xie, ; Zhihao Wang, ;
| | - Conghua Xie
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Fang Tang, ; Conghua Xie, ; Zhihao Wang, ;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Arginine methylation by PRMT2 promotes IFN-β production through TLR4/IRF3 signaling pathway. Mol Immunol 2021; 139:202-210. [PMID: 34583098 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A balance between the positive and negative regulation of toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways is required to avoid detrimental and inappropriate inflammatory responses. Although some protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) such as phosphorylation and ubiquitination have been demonstrated to potently modulate innate immune responses, the role of methylation, an important PTM, control of TLR4 signaling pathway remains unclear. In this study, we found that protein arginine methyltransferase 1, 2 and 3 (PRMT1, 2 and 3) were recruited to methylate TLR4-CD (cytoplasmic domain) after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation respectively, but the effect of PRMT2 on arginine methylation of TLR4-CD is the most significant among above three PRMTs, which prompted us to focus on PRMT2. Reduction of PRMT2 expression down-regulated arginine (R) methylation level of TLR4 with or without LPS treatment. Methionine 115 (M115) mediated PRMT2 catalyzed-arginine methylation of TLR4 on R731 and R812. Furthermore, PRMT1, 2 and 3 was recruited to methylate interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) after LPS stimulation respectively, but the effect of PRMT2 on arginine methylation of IRF3 is the most significant among the above three PRMTs. Arginine methylation of TLR4 on R812 or arginine methylation of IRF3 on R285 mediated the interaction between TLR4 and IRF3 respectively. Arginine methylation of IRF3 on R285 induced by LPS led to its dimerization and promoted its translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. In addition, the enhancement of arginine methylation of TLR4 induced by PRMT1 or 2 increased IRF3 transcription activity with or without LPS treatment, while PRMT2 with histidine 112 glutamine (H112Q) or methionine 115 isoleucine (M115I) mutation and TLR4 with arginine 812 lysine (R812K) mutation decreased it. Arginine methylation of TLR4 on R812 or PRMT2 enhanced interferon-β (IFN-β) production. Our study reveals a critical role for PRMT2 and protein arginine methylation in the enhancement of IFN-β production via TLR4/IRF3 signaling pathway and may provide a therapeutic strategy to control endotoxemia.
Collapse
|
7
|
Schwarz JJ, Grundmann L, Kokot T, Kläsener K, Fotteler S, Medgyesi D, Köhn M, Reth M, Warscheid B. Quantitative proteomics identifies PTP1B as modulator of B cell antigen receptor signaling. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:4/11/e202101084. [PMID: 34526379 PMCID: PMC8473724 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study analyses the function of the protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B identifying its binding partners and dephosphorylation targets for modulating B cell antigen receptor signaling. B cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling is initiated by protein kinases and limited by counteracting phosphatases that currently are less well studied in their regulation of BCR signaling. Here, we used the B cell line Ramos to identify and quantify human B cell signaling components. Specifically, a protein tyrosine phosphatase profiling revealed a high expression of the protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) in Ramos and human naïve B cells. The loss of PTP1B leads to increased B cell activation. Through substrate trapping in combination with quantitative mass spectrometry, we identified 22 putative substrates or interactors of PTP1B. We validated Igα, CD22, PLCγ1/2, CBL, BCAP, and APLP2 as specific substrates of PTP1B in Ramos B cells. The tyrosine kinase BTK and the two adaptor proteins GRB2 and VAV1 were identified as direct binding partners and potential substrates of PTP1B. We showed that PTP1B dephosphorylates the inhibitory receptor protein CD22 at phosphotyrosine 807. We conclude that PTP1B negatively modulates BCR signaling by dephosphorylating distinct phosphotyrosines in B cell-specific receptor proteins and various downstream signaling components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J Schwarz
- Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lorenz Grundmann
- Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kokot
- Integrative Signalling Research, Institute of Biology III, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Kläsener
- Department for Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biology III, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Fotteler
- Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - David Medgyesi
- Department for Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biology III, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maja Köhn
- Integrative Signalling Research, Institute of Biology III, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Reth
- Department for Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biology III, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bettina Warscheid
- Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany .,Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Matsubara H, Fukuda T, Awazu Y, Nanno S, Shimomura M, Inoue Y, Yamauchi M, Yasui T, Sumi T. PRMT1 expression predicts sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with ovarian serous carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2020; 21:162. [PMID: 33552280 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with ovarian serous carcinoma are generally diagnosed at an advanced disease stage. The standard treatment for these patients is maximal debulking surgery followed by platinum-taxane combination chemotherapy. Despite initially responding well, more than half of patients become refractory to first-line chemotherapy. Upregulation of protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) expression has been demonstrated to methylate apoptosis signal-regulated kinase 1 and inhibit its activity, thereby contributing to chemoresistance. The present study investigated the association between PRMT1 expression and sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy in 51 patients with ovarian serous carcinoma (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stages III and IV), and the effect of RNA interference-mediated downregulation of PRMT1 on the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin and carboplatin in vitro. Immunohistochemistry of tumor specimens was used to compare the expression levels of PRMT1, a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and small interfering RNA transfection were performed for chemosensitivity assays, and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was used to examine PRMT1 mRNA expression. Patients were divided into platinum-sensitive (n=26) and platinum-resistant (n=25) groups. PRMT1 expression was significantly lower in the platinum-sensitive group than in the platinum-resistant group (P=0.019). When patients were categorized according to PRMT1 expression, those in the low PRMT1 expression group were more sensitive to platinum-based chemotherapy than those in the high PRMT1 expression group (P=0.01). Additionally, in vitro experiments revealed that suppression of PRMT1 expression by siRNA significantly increased the sensitivity of human ovarian serous carcinoma cells to cisplatin and carboplatin (P<0.05). In conclusion, PRMT1 expression could predict sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with ovarian serous carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Matsubara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Takeshi Fukuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Awazu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Shigenori Nanno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shimomura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Yuta Inoue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamauchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Yasui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Sumi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
The role of protein arginine methyltransferases in kidney diseases. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 134:2037-2051. [PMID: 32766778 DOI: 10.1042/cs20200680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The methylation of arginine residues by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) is a crucial post-translational modification for many biological processes, including DNA repair, RNA processing, and transduction of intra- and extracellular signaling. Previous studies have reported that PRMTs are extensively involved in various pathologic states, including cancer, inflammation, and oxidative stress reaction. However, the role of PRMTs has not been well described in kidney diseases. Recent studies have shown that aberrant function of PRMTs and its metabolic products-symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA)-are involved in several renal pathological processes, including renal fibrosis, acute kidney injury (AKI), diabetic nephropathy (DN), hypertension, graft rejection and renal tumors. We aim in this review to elucidate the possible roles of PRMTs in normal renal function and various kidney diseases.
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang Y, Wu W, Gao L, Chen M, Liu X, Huang M, Li A, Zheng K, Liu D, Deng H, Zhao B, Liu B, Pang Q. Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 mediates regeneration in Dugesia japonica. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 524:411-417. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.01.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
11
|
Zhu L, He X, Dong H, Sun J, Wang H, Zhu Y, Huang F, Zou J, Chen Z, Zhao X, Li L. Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 is required for maintenance of normal adult hematopoiesis. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:2763-2773. [PMID: 31853216 PMCID: PMC6909962 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.38859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) is the predominant asymmetric (type I) methyltransferase in mammalian cells. Mounting evidence suggested that PRMT1 is essential to embryonic development and tumor pathogenesis, but its role in normal adult hematopoiesis is less studied. We used a Prmt1 conditional knockout (KO) mouse model to identify the role of PRMT1 in normal adult hematopoiesis. The results indicated that deletion of PRMT1 results in anemia and leukopenia, reducing terminal erythroid and lymphocyte differentiation. Additionally, we found a significant decrease of megakaryocyte progenitors (MkPs) compared with similarly treated littermate control mice. The frequency of short-term hematopoietic stem cells (ST-HSCs) and granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (GMPs) populations were significantly lower in PRMT1f/f/Mx1-CRE bone marrow (BM) compared with littermate control mice. Importantly, in-vitro replating assays and BM transplantation results revealed that PRMT1 KO results in reduced hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) self-renewal capacity. Thus, we conclude that PRMT1 is required for hematopoietic differentiation and the competitive fitness of HSPCs, and we believed that PRMT1 serves as a key epigenetic regulator of normal hematopoiesis that occurs throughout life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- Department of clinical laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Xin He
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Haojie Dong
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Hanying Wang
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Yinghui Zhu
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Feiteng Huang
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Jingying Zou
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Zexin Chen
- Department of Science and Development, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
The regulation, functions and clinical relevance of arginine methylation. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2019; 20:642-657. [PMID: 31350521 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-019-0155-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Methylation of arginine residues by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) is involved in the regulation of fundamental cellular processes, including transcription, RNA processing, signal transduction cascades, the DNA damage response and liquid-liquid phase separation. Recent studies have provided considerable advances in the development of experimental tools and the identification of clinically relevant PRMT inhibitors. In this review, we discuss the regulation of PRMTs, their various cellular roles and the clinical relevance of PRMT inhibitors for the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases and cancer.
Collapse
|
13
|
The arginine methyltransferase PRMT1 regulates IGF-1 signaling in breast cancer. Oncogene 2019; 38:4015-4027. [PMID: 30692633 PMCID: PMC6755991 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0694-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aside from its well-known nuclear routes of signaling, estrogen also mediates its effects through cytoplasmic signaling. Estrogen signaling involves numerous posttranslational modifications of its receptor ERα, the best known being phosphorylation. Our research group previously showed that upon estrogen stimulation, ERα is methylated on residue R260 and forms the mERα/Src/PI3K complex, central to the rapid transduction of nongenomic estrogen signals. Regulation of ERα signaling via its phosphorylation by growth factors is well recognized, and we wondered whether they could also trigger ERα methylation (mERα). Here, we found that IGF-1 treatment of MCF-7 cells induced rapid ERα methylation by the arginine methyltransferase PRMT1 and triggered the binding of mERα to IGF-1R. Mechanistically, we showed that PRMT1 bound constitutively to IGF-1R and that PRMT1 became activated upon IGF-1 stimulation. Moreover, we found that expression or pharmacological inhibition of PRMT1 impaired mERα and IGF-1 signaling. Our findings were substantiated in a cohort of breast tumors in which IGF-1R expression was positively correlated with ERα/Src and ERα/PI3K expression, hallmarks of nongenomic estrogen signaling, reinforcing the link between IGF-1R and mERα. Altogether, these results provide a new insight into ERα and IGF-1R interference, and open novel perspectives for combining endocrine therapies with PRMT1 inhibitors in ERα-positive tumors.
Collapse
|
14
|
PRMT5 is essential for B cell development and germinal center dynamics. Nat Commun 2019; 10:22. [PMID: 30604754 PMCID: PMC6318318 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07884-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms regulating B cell development, activation, education in the germinal center (GC) and differentiation, underpin the humoral immune response. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (Prmt5), which catalyzes most symmetric dimethyl arginine protein modifications, is overexpressed in B cell lymphomas but its function in normal B cells is poorly defined. Here we show that Prmt5 is necessary for antibody responses and has essential but distinct functions in all proliferative B cell stages in mice. Prmt5 is necessary for B cell development by preventing p53-dependent and p53-independent blocks in Pro-B and Pre-B cells, respectively. By contrast, Prmt5 protects, via p53-independent pathways, mature B cells from apoptosis during activation, promotes GC expansion, and counters plasma cell differentiation. Phenotypic and RNA-seq data indicate that Prmt5 regulates GC light zone B cell fate by regulating transcriptional programs, achieved in part by ensuring RNA splicing fidelity. Our results establish Prmt5 as an essential regulator of B cell biology. Protective antibody responses depend critically on proper B cell development and differentiation at multiple stages. Here the authors show that a protein arginine methyltransferase, Prmt5 uses multiples pathways to prevent death of immature B cells, yet modulates, in p53-independent manners, the survival and differentiation of mature B cells.
Collapse
|
15
|
Yang ML, Doyle HA, Clarke SG, Herold KC, Mamula MJ. Oxidative Modifications in Tissue Pathology and Autoimmune Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:1415-1431. [PMID: 29088923 PMCID: PMC6166690 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Various autoimmune syndromes are characterized by abnormalities found at the level of tissues and cells, as well as by microenvironmental influences, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), that alter intracellular metabolism and protein expression. Moreover, the convergence of genetic, epigenetic, and even environmental influences can result in B and T lymphocyte autoimmunity and tissue pathology. Recent Advances: This review describes how oxidative stress to cells and tissues may alter post-translational protein modifications, both directly and indirectly, as well as potentially lead to aberrant gene expression. For example, it has been clearly observed in many systems how oxidative stress directly amplifies carbonyl protein modifications. However, ROS also lead to a number of nonenzymatic spontaneous modifications including deamidation and isoaspartate modification as well as to enzyme-mediated citrullination of self-proteins. ROS have direct effects on DNA methylation, leading to influences in gene expression, chromosome inactivation, and the silencing of genetic elements. Finally, ROS can alter many other cellular pathways, including the initiation of apoptosis and NETosis, triggering the release of modified intracellular autoantigens. CRITICAL ISSUES This review will detail specific post-translational protein modifications, the pathways that control autoimmunity to modified self-proteins, and how products of ROS may be important biomarkers of tissue pathogenesis. FUTURE DIRECTIONS A clear understanding of the many pathways affected by ROS will lead to potential therapeutic manipulations to alter the onset and/or progression of autoimmune disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ling Yang
- 1 Section of Rheumatology, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut.,2 Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Hester A Doyle
- 1 Section of Rheumatology, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut.,2 Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Steven G Clarke
- 3 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kevan C Herold
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut.,4 Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Mark J Mamula
- 1 Section of Rheumatology, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut.,2 Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
The methyltransferase PRMT6 attenuates antiviral innate immunity by blocking TBK1-IRF3 signaling. Cell Mol Immunol 2018; 16:800-809. [PMID: 29973649 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-018-0057-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) play diverse biological roles and are specifically involved in immune cell development and inflammation. However, their role in antiviral innate immunity has not been elucidated. Viral infection triggers the TBK1-IRF3 signaling pathway to stimulate the production of type-I interferon, which mediates antiviral immunity. We performed a functional screen of the nine mammalian PRMTs for regulators of IFN-β expression and found that PRMT6 inhibits the antiviral innate immune response. Viral infection also upregulated PRMT6 protein levels. We generated PRMT6-deficient mice and found that they exhibited enhanced antiviral innate immunity. PRMT6 deficiency promoted the TBK1-IRF3 interaction and subsequently enhanced IRF3 activation and type-I interferon production. Mechanistically, viral infection enhanced the binding of PRMT6 to IRF3 and inhibited the interaction between IRF3 and TBK1; this mechanism was independent of PRMT6 methyltransferase activity. Thus, PRMT6 inhibits antiviral innate immunity by sequestering IRF3, thereby blocking TBK1-IRF3 signaling. Our work demonstrates a methyltransferase-independent role for PRMTs. It also identifies a negative regulator of the antiviral immune response, which may protect the host from the damaging effects of an overactive immune system and/or be exploited by viruses to escape immune detection.
Collapse
|
17
|
Drake JR. The immunobiology of ubiquitin-dependent B cell receptor functions. Mol Immunol 2018; 101:146-154. [PMID: 29940407 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
MHC class II-restricted antigen presentation by dendritic cells is necessary for activation of naïve CD4 T cells, whereas class II-restricted antigen presentation by B lymphocytes and macrophages is important for the recruitment of CD4+ helper and regulatory T cells. Antigen presentation by B cells is also important for induction of T cell tolerance. B cells are unique among these three types of MHC class II-expressing antigen presenting cells (APC) as they constitutively express high levels of cell surface class II molecules and express a clonally restricted antigen specific receptor, the B cell receptor (BCR). Here, I review our current understanding of three major steps that underlie the processing and presentation of BCR-bound cognate antigen: (1) endocytosis of antigen-BCR (Ag-BCR) complexes, (2) Ag-BCR trafficking to intracellular antigen processing compartments and (3) generation of antigenic peptide-MHC class II complexes, with a particular focus on the role of BCR ubiquitination in each. I will highlight potential topics for future research and briefly discuss the impact of the cell biology of BCR-mediated antigen processing on the response of the B cell and T cell to the cell-cell interactions mediated by B cell-expressed peptide-class II complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James R Drake
- Albany Medical College, Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, 47 New Scotland Ave., MC-151, Albany, NY 12208-3479, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Garcillán B, Figgett WA, Infantino S, Lim EX, Mackay F. Molecular control of B-cell homeostasis in health and malignancy. Immunol Cell Biol 2018; 96:453-462. [PMID: 29499091 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Altered B-cell homeostasis underlies a wide range of pathologies, from cancers to autoimmunity and immunodeficiency. The molecular safeguards against those disorders, which also allow effective immune responses, are therefore particularly critical. Here, we review recent findings detailing the fine control of B-cell homeostasis, during B-cell development, maturation in the periphery and during activation and differentiation into antibody-producing cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Garcillán
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - William A Figgett
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Simona Infantino
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ee Xin Lim
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Fabienne Mackay
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Infantino S, Light A, O'Donnell K, Bryant V, Avery DT, Elliott M, Tangye SG, Belz G, Mackay F, Richard S, Tarlinton D. Arginine methylation catalyzed by PRMT1 is required for B cell activation and differentiation. Nat Commun 2017; 8:891. [PMID: 29026071 PMCID: PMC5638811 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01009-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Arginine methylation catalyzed by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMT) is a common post-translational modification in mammalian cells, regulating many important functions including cell signalling, proliferation and differentiation. Here we show the role of PRMT1 in B-cell activation and differentiation. PRMT1 expression and activity in human and mouse peripheral B cells increases in response to in vitro or in vivo activation. Deletion of the Prmt1 gene in mature B cells establishes that although the frequency and phenotype of peripheral B cell subsets seem unaffected, immune responses to T-cell-dependent and -independent antigens are substantially reduced. In vitro activation of Prmt1-deficient B cells with a variety of mitogens results in diminished proliferation, differentiation and survival, effects that are correlated with altered signal transduction from the B cell receptor. Thus PRMT1 activity in B cells is required for correct execution of multiple processes that in turn are necessary for humoral immunity. PRMT1 is an arginine methyltransferase involved in a variety of cell functions. Here the authors delete PRMT1 specifically in mature B cells to show the importance of arginine methylation for B cell proliferation, differentiation and survival, and thereby for humoral immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Infantino
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia. .,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia. .,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia.
| | - Amanda Light
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Kristy O'Donnell
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia
| | - Vanessa Bryant
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Danielle T Avery
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Michael Elliott
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Chris O'Brien Lifehouse Cancer Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Stuart G Tangye
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Gabrielle Belz
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Fabienne Mackay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Stephane Richard
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, 3755 Cote Ste-Catherine Road, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3T 1E2
| | - David Tarlinton
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia. .,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia. .,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Blanc RS, Richard S. Arginine Methylation: The Coming of Age. Mol Cell 2017; 65:8-24. [PMID: 28061334 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 647] [Impact Index Per Article: 92.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Arginine methylation is a common post-translational modification functioning as an epigenetic regulator of transcription and playing key roles in pre-mRNA splicing, DNA damage signaling, mRNA translation, cell signaling, and cell fate decision. Recently, a wealth of studies using transgenic mouse models and selective PRMT inhibitors helped define physiological roles for protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) linking them to diseases such as cancer and metabolic, neurodegenerative, and muscular disorders. This review describes the recent molecular advances that have been uncovered in normal and diseased mammalian cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roméo S Blanc
- Terry Fox Molecular Oncology Group and the Bloomfield Center for Research on Aging, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada; Departments of Oncology and Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC H2W 1S6, Canada
| | - Stéphane Richard
- Terry Fox Molecular Oncology Group and the Bloomfield Center for Research on Aging, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada; Departments of Oncology and Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC H2W 1S6, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Dolezal E, Infantino S, Drepper F, Börsig T, Singh A, Wossning T, Fiala GJ, Minguet S, Warscheid B, Tarlinton DM, Jumaa H, Medgyesi D, Reth M. The BTG2-PRMT1 module limits pre-B cell expansion by regulating the CDK4-Cyclin-D3 complex. Nat Immunol 2017. [PMID: 28628091 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Developing pre-B cells in the bone marrow alternate between proliferation and differentiation phases. We found that protein arginine methyl transferase 1 (PRMT1) and B cell translocation gene 2 (BTG2) are critical components of the pre-B cell differentiation program. The BTG2-PRMT1 module induced a cell-cycle arrest of pre-B cells that was accompanied by re-expression of Rag1 and Rag2 and the onset of immunoglobulin light chain gene rearrangements. We found that PRMT1 methylated cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), thereby preventing the formation of a CDK4-Cyclin-D3 complex and cell cycle progression. Moreover, BTG2 in concert with PRMT1 efficiently blocked the proliferation of BCR-ABL1-transformed pre-B cells in vitro and in vivo. Our results identify a key molecular mechanism by which the BTG2-PRMT1 module regulates pre-B cell differentiation and inhibits pre-B cell leukemogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elmar Dolezal
- Department for Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany.,Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM) Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simona Infantino
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Friedel Drepper
- BIOSS Centre of Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Theresa Börsig
- Department for Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Aparajita Singh
- Department for Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Wossning
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gina J Fiala
- Department for Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS Centre of Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency CCI, University Clinics and Medical Faculty, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Susana Minguet
- Department for Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS Centre of Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency CCI, University Clinics and Medical Faculty, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bettina Warscheid
- BIOSS Centre of Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - David M Tarlinton
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hassan Jumaa
- Department for Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS Centre of Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - David Medgyesi
- Department for Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS Centre of Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Reth
- Department for Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS Centre of Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
CXCR4 signaling and function require the expression of the IgD-class B-cell antigen receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:5231-5236. [PMID: 28461496 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1621512114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mature B cells coexpress both IgM and IgD B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) classes, which are organized on the cell surface in distinct protein islands. The specific role of the IgD-BCR is still enigmatic, but it is colocalized with several other receptors on the B-cell surface, including the coreceptor CD19. Here, we report that the chemokine receptor CXCR4 is also found in proximity to the IgD-BCR. Furthermore, B cells from IgD-deficient mice show defects in CXCL12-mediated CXCR4 signaling and B-cell migration, whereas B cells from IgM-deficient mice are normal in this respect. CXCR4 activation results in actin cytoskeleton remodeling and PI3K/Akt and Erk signaling in an IgD-BCR-dependent manner. The defects in CXCR4 signaling in IgD-deficient B cells can be overcome by anti-CD19 antibody stimulation that also increases CXCL12-mediated B-cell migration of normal B cells. These results show that the IgD-BCR, CD19, and CXCR4 are not only colocalized at nanometer distances but are also functionally connected, thus providing a unique paradigm of receptor signaling cross talk and function.
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
Immune tolerance hinders the potentially destructive responses of lymphocytes to host tissues. Tolerance is regulated at the stage of immature B cell development (central tolerance) by clonal deletion, involving apoptosis, and by receptor editing, which reprogrammes the specificity of B cells through secondary recombination of antibody genes. Recent mechanistic studies have begun to elucidate how these divergent mechanisms are controlled. Single-cell antibody cloning has revealed defects of B cell central tolerance in human autoimmune diseases and in several human immunodeficiency diseases caused by single gene mutations, which indicates the relevance of B cell tolerance to disease and suggests possible genetic pathways that regulate tolerance.
Collapse
|
24
|
Peng C, Wong CC. The story of protein arginine methylation: characterization, regulation, and function. Expert Rev Proteomics 2017; 14:157-170. [PMID: 28043171 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2017.1275573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Arginine methylation is an important post-translational modification (PTM) in cells, which is catalyzed by a group of protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs). It plays significant roles in diverse cellular processes and various diseases. Misregulation and aberrant expression of PRMTs can provide potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for drug discovery. Areas covered: Herein, we review the arginine methylation literature and summarize the methodologies for the characterization of this modification, as well as describe the recent insights into arginine methyltransferases and their biological functions in diseases. Expert commentary: Benefits from the enzyme-based large-scale screening approach, the novel affinity enrichment strategies, arginine methylated protein family is the focus of attention. Although a number of arginine methyltransferases and related substrates are identified, the catalytic mechanism of different types of PRMTs remains unclear and few related demethylases are characterized. Novel functional studies continuously reveal the importance of this modification in the cell cycle and diseases. A deeper understanding of arginine methylated proteins, modification sites, and their mechanisms of regulation is needed to explore their role in life processes, especially their relationship with diseases, thus accelerating the generation of potent, selective, cell-penetrant drug candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Peng
- a National Center for Protein Science (Shanghai), Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai , China.,b Shanghai Science Research Center , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai , China
| | - Catherine Cl Wong
- a National Center for Protein Science (Shanghai), Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai , China.,b Shanghai Science Research Center , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai , China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mo ZQ, Yang M, Wang HQ, Xu Y, Huang MZ, Lao GF, Li YW, Li AX, Luo XC, Dan XM. Grouper (Epinephelus coioides) BCR signaling pathway was involved in response against Cryptocaryon irritans infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 57:198-205. [PMID: 27514788 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
B cell antigen receptor (BCR) plays a crucial role in B cell development and antibody production. It comprises membrane immunoglobulin non-covalently associated with CD79a/CD79b heterodimer. After B cell activation, initial extracellular signals are transduced by BCR complex and amplified by two protein tyrosine kinases, LYN and SYK, which then trigger various pathways. In the present study, we cloned grouper genes for BCR accessory molecules, EcCD79a (669 bp) and EcCD79b (639 bp), as well as two protein tyrosine kinases, EcLYN (1482 bp) and EcSYK (1854 bp). Homology analysis showed that all four molecules had a relatively high amino acid identity compared with those in other animals. Among them, they all shared the highest identity with Takifugu rubripes (EcCD79a 49%, EcCD79b 52%, EcLYN 82% and EcSYK 77%). The conserved features and important functional residues were analyzed. Together with IgM and IgT, tissue distribution analysis showed that all six molecules were mainly expressed in immune organs, particularly systematic immune organs. In groupers infected with Cryptocaryon irritans, up-regulation of EcCD79a and b, EcIgM and EcIgT were not seen in the early stage skin and gill until 14-21 days. Up-regulation of EcCD79a was seen in head kidney at most time points, while EcCD79a and b were only significantly up-regulated in day 14 spleen. Significant up-regulation of EcIgT were seen in day 21 head kidney and day 1, day14 spleen. Significant up-regulation of EcIgM were seen in day 1 head kidney and 12 h spleen. In addition, two protein kinase genes, EcLYN and EcSYK, were up-regulated in the skin at most time points, which suggested that B cells may be activated at the skin local infection site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Quan Mo
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Man Yang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Hai-Qing Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Yang Xu
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Mian-Zhi Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Guo-Feng Lao
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Yan-Wei Li
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Import and Export Technical Measures of Animal, Plant and Food, Technical Center of Guangdong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - An-Xing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, The School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Xiao-Chun Luo
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Xue-Ming Dan
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hata K, Yanase N, Sudo K, Kiyonari H, Mukumoto Y, Mizuguchi J, Yokosuka T. Differential regulation of T-cell dependent and T-cell independent antibody responses through arginine methyltransferase PRMT1 in vivo. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:1200-10. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kikumi Hata
- Department of Immunology; Tokyo Medical University; Japan
| | - Noriko Yanase
- Department of Immunology; Tokyo Medical University; Japan
| | - Katsuko Sudo
- Animal Research Center; Tokyo Medical University; Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyonari
- Animal Resource Development Unit; RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies; Kobe Japan
- Genetic Engineering Team; RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies; Kobe Japan
| | - Yoshiko Mukumoto
- Genetic Engineering Team; RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies; Kobe Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Low JKK, Im H, Erce MA, Hart-Smith G, Snyder MP, Wilkins MR. Protein substrates of the arginine methyltransferase Hmt1 identified by proteome arrays. Proteomics 2016; 16:465-76. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason K. K. Low
- Systems Biology Initiative; School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences; The University of New South Wales; Sydney Australia
| | - Hogune Im
- Department of Genetics; Stanford University School of Medicine; Palo Alto CA USA
| | - Melissa A. Erce
- Systems Biology Initiative; School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences; The University of New South Wales; Sydney Australia
| | - Gene Hart-Smith
- Systems Biology Initiative; School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences; The University of New South Wales; Sydney Australia
| | - Michael P. Snyder
- Department of Genetics; Stanford University School of Medicine; Palo Alto CA USA
| | - Marc R. Wilkins
- Systems Biology Initiative; School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences; The University of New South Wales; Sydney Australia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Levit-Zerdoun E, Becker M, Pohlmeyer R, Wilhelm I, Maity PC, Rajewsky K, Reth M, Hobeika E. Survival of Igα-Deficient Mature B Cells Requires BAFF-R Function. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:2348-60. [PMID: 26843325 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Expression of a functional BCR is essential for the development of mature B cells and has been invoked in the control of their maintenance. To test this maintenance function in a new experimental setting, we used the tamoxifen-inducible mb1-CreER(T2) mouse strain to delete or truncate either the mb-1 gene encoding the BCR signaling subunit Igα or the VDJ segment of the IgH (H chain [HC]). In this system, Cre-mediated deletion of the mb-1 gene is accompanied by expression of a GFP reporter. We found that, although the Igα-deficient mature B cells survive for >20 d in vivo, the HC-deficient or Igα tail-truncated B cell population is short-lived, with the HC-deficient cells displaying signs of an unfolded protein response. We also show that Igα-deficient B cells still respond to the prosurvival factor BAFF in culture and require BAFF-R signaling for their in vivo maintenance. These results suggest that, under certain conditions, the loss of the BCR can be tolerated by mature B cells for some time, whereas HC-deficient B cells, potentially generated by aberrant somatic mutations in the germinal center, are rapidly eliminated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ella Levit-Zerdoun
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; International Max Planck Research School for Molecular and Cellular Biology, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Becker
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; International Max Planck Research School for Molecular and Cellular Biology, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roland Pohlmeyer
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Isabel Wilhelm
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Palash Chandra Maity
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Rajewsky
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany; and
| | - Michael Reth
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Elias Hobeika
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Maity PC, Blount A, Jumaa H, Ronneberger O, Lillemeier BF, Reth M. B cell antigen receptors of the IgM and IgD classes are clustered in different protein islands that are altered during B cell activation. Sci Signal 2015; 8:ra93. [PMID: 26373673 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2005887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The B cell antigen receptors (BCRs) play an important role in the clonal selection of B cells and their differentiation into antibody-secreting plasma cells. Mature B cells have both immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgD types of BCRs, which have identical antigen-binding sites and are both associated with the signaling subunits Igα and Igβ, but differ in their membrane-bound heavy chain isoforms. By two-color direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM), we showed that IgM-BCRs and IgD-BCRs reside in the plasma membrane in different protein islands with average sizes of 150 and 240 nm, respectively. Upon B cell activation, the BCR protein islands became smaller and more dispersed such that the IgM-BCRs and IgD-BCRs were found in close proximity to each other. Moreover, specific stimulation of one class of BCR had minimal effects on the organization of the other. These conclusions were supported by the findings from two-marker transmission electron microscopy and proximity ligation assays. Together, these data provide evidence for a preformed multimeric organization of BCRs on the plasma membrane that is remodeled after B cell activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Palash Chandra Maity
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biology III at the Faculty of Biology of the University of Freiburg, D-79104, and at the Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Amy Blount
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Hassan Jumaa
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biology III at the Faculty of Biology of the University of Freiburg, D-79104, and at the Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany. Institute of Immunology, Ulm University, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Olaf Ronneberger
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. Institute of Computer Science, University of Freiburg, D-79110 Freiburg Germany
| | | | - Michael Reth
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biology III at the Faculty of Biology of the University of Freiburg, D-79104, and at the Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ying Z, Mei M, Zhang P, Liu C, He H, Gao F, Bao S. Histone Arginine Methylation by PRMT7 Controls Germinal Center Formation via Regulating Bcl6 Transcription. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:1538-47. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
31
|
Hobeika E, Levit-Zerdoun E, Anastasopoulou V, Pohlmeyer R, Altmeier S, Alsadeq A, Dobenecker MW, Pelanda R, Reth M. CD19 and BAFF-R can signal to promote B-cell survival in the absence of Syk. EMBO J 2015; 34:925-39. [PMID: 25630702 PMCID: PMC4388600 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201489732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The development and function of B lymphocytes is regulated by numerous signaling pathways, some emanating from the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR). The spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) plays a central role in the activation of the BCR, but less is known about its contribution to the survival and maintenance of mature B cells. We generated mice with an inducible and B-cell-specific deletion of the Syk gene and found that a considerable fraction of mature Syk-negative B cells can survive in the periphery for an extended time. Syk-negative B cells are defective in BCR, RP105 and CD38 signaling but still respond to an IL-4, anti-CD40, CpG or LPS stimulus. Our in vivo experiments show that Syk-deficient B cells require BAFF receptor and CD19/PI3K signaling for their long-term survival. These studies also shed a new light on the signals regulating the maintenance of the normal mature murine B-cell pool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elias Hobeika
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany Department of Molecular Immunology, BioIII, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ella Levit-Zerdoun
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Roland Pohlmeyer
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simon Altmeier
- Institute of Mircobiology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ameera Alsadeq
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marc-Werner Dobenecker
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Epigenetics and Signaling, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roberta Pelanda
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Michael Reth
- Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany Department of Molecular Immunology, BioIII, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany BIOSS, Centre For Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Maity PC, Yang J, Klaesener K, Reth M. The nanoscale organization of the B lymphocyte membrane. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1853:830-40. [PMID: 25450974 PMCID: PMC4547082 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The fluid mosaic model of Singer and Nicolson correctly predicted that the plasma membrane (PM) forms a lipid bi-layer containing many integral trans-membrane proteins. This model also suggested that most of these proteins were randomly dispersed and freely diffusing moieties. Initially, this view of a dynamic and rather unorganized membrane was supported by early observations of the cell surfaces using the light microscope. However, recent studies on the PM below the diffraction limit of visible light (~250nm) revealed that, at nanoscale dimensions, membranes are highly organized and compartmentalized structures. Lymphocytes are particularly useful to study this nanoscale membrane organization because they grow as single cells and are not permanently engaged in cell:cell contacts within a tissue that can influence membrane organization. In this review, we describe the methods that can be used to better study the protein:protein interaction and nanoscale organization of lymphocyte membrane proteins, with a focus on the B cell antigen receptor (BCR). Furthermore, we discuss the factors that may generate and maintain these membrane structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Palash Chandra Maity
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, University of Freiburg, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Jianying Yang
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, University of Freiburg, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Klaesener
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, University of Freiburg, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Reth
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, University of Freiburg, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kläsener K, Maity PC, Hobeika E, Yang J, Reth M. B cell activation involves nanoscale receptor reorganizations and inside-out signaling by Syk. eLife 2014; 3:e02069. [PMID: 24963139 PMCID: PMC4067077 DOI: 10.7554/elife.02069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Binding of antigen to the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) initiates a multitude of events resulting in B cell activation. How the BCR becomes signaling-competent upon antigen binding is still a matter of controversy. Using a high-resolution proximity ligation assay (PLA) to monitor the conformation of the BCR and its interactions with co-receptors at a 10-20 nm resolution, we provide direct evidence for the opening of BCR dimers during B cell activation. We also show that upon binding Syk opens the receptor by an inside-out signaling mechanism that amplifies BCR signaling. Furthermore, we found that on resting B cells, the coreceptor CD19 is in close proximity with the IgD-BCR and on activated B cells with the IgM-BCR, indicating nanoscale reorganization of receptor clusters during B cell activation.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.02069.001.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Kläsener
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Palash C Maity
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Elias Hobeika
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jianying Yang
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Reth
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany Department of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Alsadeq A, Hobeika E, Medgyesi D, Kläsener K, Reth M. The role of the Syk/Shp-1 kinase-phosphatase equilibrium in B cell development and signaling. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:268-76. [PMID: 24899508 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1203040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Signal transduction from the BCR is regulated by the equilibrium between kinases (e.g., spleen tyrosine kinase [Syk]) and phosphatases (e.g., Shp-1). Previous studies showed that Syk-deficient B cells have a developmental block at the pro/pre-B cell stage, whereas a B cell-specific Shp-1 deficiency promoted B-1a cell development and led to autoimmunity. We generated B cell-specific Shp-1 and Syk double-knockout (DKO) mice and compared them to the single-knockout mice deficient for either Syk or Shp-1. Unlike Syk-deficient mice, the DKO mice can generate mature B cells, albeit at >20-fold reduced B cell numbers. The DKO B-2 cells are all Syk-negative, whereas the peritoneal B1 cells of the DKO mice still express Syk, indicating that they require this kinase for their proper development. The DKO B-2 cells cannot be stimulated via the BCR, whereas they are efficiently activated via TLR or CD40. We also found that in DKO pre-B cells, the kinase Zap70 is associated with the pre-BCR, suggesting that Zap70 is important to promote B cell maturation in the absence of Syk and SHP-1. Together, our data show that a properly balanced kinase/phosphatase equilibrium is crucial for normal B cell development and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ameera Alsadeq
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Max-Planck-Institut of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany; Biology III, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg 79108, Germany Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg 79108, Germany; and BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Elias Hobeika
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Max-Planck-Institut of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany; Biology III, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - David Medgyesi
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Max-Planck-Institut of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany; Biology III, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg 79108, Germany BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Kathrin Kläsener
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Max-Planck-Institut of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany; Biology III, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg 79108, Germany BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Michael Reth
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Max-Planck-Institut of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany; Biology III, Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg 79108, Germany Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg 79108, Germany; and BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Mowen KA, David M. Unconventional post-translational modifications in immunological signaling. Nat Immunol 2014; 15:512-20. [DOI: 10.1038/ni.2873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
36
|
|
37
|
Wei H, Mundade R, Lange K, Lu T. Protein arginine methylation of non-histone proteins and its role in diseases. Cell Cycle 2013; 13:32-41. [PMID: 24296620 PMCID: PMC3925732 DOI: 10.4161/cc.27353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) are a family of enzymes that can methylate arginine residues on histones and other proteins. PRMTs play a crucial role in influencing various cellular functions, including cellular development and tumorigenesis. Arginine methylation by PRMTs is found on both nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. Recently, there is increasing evidence regarding post-translational modifications of non-histone proteins by PRMTs, illustrating the previously unknown importance of PRMTs in the regulation of various cellular functions by post-translational modifications. In this review, we present the recent developments in the regulation of non-histone proteins by PRMTs.
Collapse
|
38
|
Doyle HA, Yang ML, Raycroft MT, Gee RJ, Mamula MJ. Autoantigens: novel forms and presentation to the immune system. Autoimmunity 2013; 47:220-33. [PMID: 24191689 DOI: 10.3109/08916934.2013.850495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
It is clear that lupus autoimmunity is marked by a variety of abnormalities, including those found at a macroscopic scale, cells and tissues, as well as more microenvironmental influences, originating at the individual cell surface through to the nucleus. The convergence of genetic, epigenetic, and perhaps environmental influences all lead to the overt clinical expression of disease, reflected by the presences of autoantibodies and tissue pathology. This review will address several specific areas that fall among the non-genetic factors that contribute to lupus autoimmunity and related syndromes. In particular, we will discuss the importance of understanding various protein post-translational modifications (PTMs), mechanisms that mediate the ability of "modified self" to trigger autoimmunity, and how these PTMs influence lupus diagnosis. Finally, we will discuss altered pathways of autoantigen presentation that may contribute to the perpetuation of chronic autoimmune disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hester A Doyle
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven, CT , USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Packard TA, Cambier JC. B lymphocyte antigen receptor signaling: initiation, amplification, and regulation. F1000PRIME REPORTS 2013; 5:40. [PMID: 24167721 PMCID: PMC3790562 DOI: 10.12703/p5-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
B lymphocytes and their differentiated daughters are charged with responding to the myriad pathogens in our environment and production of protective antibodies. A sample of the protective antibody produced by each clone is utilized as a component of the cell's antigen receptor (BCR). Transmembrane signals generated upon antigen binding to this receptor provide the primary directive for the cell's subsequent response. In this report, we discuss recent progress and current controversy regarding B cell receptor signal initiation, transduction and regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A. Packard
- Integrated Department of Immunology, University of Colorado School of Medicine & National Jewish Health1400 Jackson St, Denver, CO 80206
| | - John C. Cambier
- Integrated Department of Immunology, University of Colorado School of Medicine & National Jewish Health1400 Jackson St, Denver, CO 80206
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
CD22 ligand-binding and signaling domains reciprocally regulate B-cell Ca2+ signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:12402-7. [PMID: 23836650 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1304888110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A high proportion of human B cells carry B-cell receptors (BCRs) that are autoreactive. Inhibitory receptors such as CD22 can downmodulate autoreactive BCR responses. With its extracellular domain, CD22 binds to sialic acids in α2,6 linkages in cis, on the surface of the same B cell or in trans, on other cells. Sialic acids are self ligands, as they are abundant in vertebrates, but are usually not expressed by pathogens. We show that cis-ligand binding of CD22 is crucial for the regulation of B-cell Ca(2+) signaling by controlling the CD22 association to the BCR. Mice with a mutated CD22 ligand-binding domain of CD22 showed strongly reduced Ca(2+) signaling. In contrast, mice with mutated CD22 immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motifs have increased B-cell Ca(2+) responses, increased B-cell turnover, and impaired survival of the B cells. Thus, the CD22 ligand-binding domain has a crucial function in regulating BCR signaling, which is relevant for controlling autoimmunity.
Collapse
|
41
|
Davies CC, Chakraborty A, Diefenbacher ME, Skehel M, Behrens A. Arginine methylation of the c-Jun coactivator RACO-1 is required for c-Jun/AP-1 activation. EMBO J 2013; 32:1556-67. [PMID: 23624934 PMCID: PMC3671261 DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2013.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
c-Jun, the major component of the AP-1 transcription factor complex, has important functions in cellular proliferation and oncogenic transformation. The RING domain-containing protein RACO-1 functions as a c-Jun coactivator that molecularly links growth factor signalling to AP-1 transactivation. Here we demonstrate that RACO-1 is present as a nuclear dimer and that c-Jun specifically interacts with dimeric RACO-1. Moreover, RACO-1 is identified as a substrate of the arginine methyltransferase PRMT1, which methylates RACO-1 on two arginine residues. Arginine methylation of RACO-1 promotes a conformational change that stabilises RACO-1 by facilitating K63-linked ubiquitin chain formation, and enables RACO-1 dimerisation and c-Jun interaction. Abrogation of PRMT1 function impairs AP-1 activity and results in decreased expression of a large percentage of c-Jun target genes. These results demonstrate that arginine methylation of RACO-1 is required for efficient transcriptional activation by c-Jun/AP-1 and thus identify PRMT1 as an important regulator of c-Jun/AP-1 function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clare C Davies
- Mammalian Genetics Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, Lincoln’s Inn Fields Laboratories, London, UK
| | - Atanu Chakraborty
- Mammalian Genetics Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, Lincoln’s Inn Fields Laboratories, London, UK
| | - Markus E Diefenbacher
- Mammalian Genetics Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, Lincoln’s Inn Fields Laboratories, London, UK
| | - Mark Skehel
- Protein Analysis and Proteomics Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, Clare Hall Laboratories, London, UK
| | - Axel Behrens
- Mammalian Genetics Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, Lincoln’s Inn Fields Laboratories, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Tardif V, Manenkova Y, Berger M, Hoebe K, Zuo JP, Yuan C, Kono DH, Theofilopoulos AN, Lawson BR. Critical role of transmethylation in TLR signaling and systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Immunol 2013; 147:133-43. [PMID: 23583916 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2013.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Post-translational protein modifications can play a significant role in immune cell signaling. Recently, we showed that inhibition of transmethylation curtails experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, notably by reducing T cell receptor (TCR)-induced activation of CD4(+) T cells. Here, we demonstrate that transmethylation inhibition by a reversible S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine hydrolase inhibitor (DZ2002) led to immunosuppression by reducing TLR-, B cell receptor (BCR)- and TCR-induced activation of immune cells, most likely by blocking NF-κB activity. Moreover, prophylactic treatment with DZ2002 prevented lupus-like disease from developing in both BXSB and MRL-Fas(lpr) mouse models. DZ2002 treatment initiated during active disease significantly improved outcomes in both in vivo models, suggesting methylation inhibition as a novel approach for the treatment of autoimmune/inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Tardif
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Crump KE, Juneau DG, Poole LB, Haas KM, Grayson JM. The reversible formation of cysteine sulfenic acid promotes B-cell activation and proliferation. Eur J Immunol 2012; 42:2152-64. [PMID: 22674013 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201142289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
B-cell receptor (BCR) ligation generates reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs) that play a role in cellular responses. Although ROIs can oxidize all macromolecules, it was unclear which modifications control B-cell responses. In this study, we demonstrate the importance of the first oxidation product of cysteine, sulfenic acid, and its reversible formation in B-cell activation. Upon BCR crosslinking, B cells increase ROI levels with maximal production occurring within 15 min. Increased ROIs preceded elevated cysteine sulfenic acid, which localized to the cytoplasm and nucleus. Analysis of individual proteins revealed that the protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) SHP-1, SHP-2, and PTEN, as well as actin, were modified to sulfenic acid following BCR ligation. Additionally, we used 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione (dimedone), a compound that covalently reacts with sulfenic acid to prevent its further oxidation or reduction, to determine the role of reversible cysteine sulfenic acid formation in regulating B-cell responses. Dimedone incubation resulted in a concentration-dependent block in anti-IgM-induced cell division, accompanied by a failure to induce capacitative calcium entry (CCE), and maintain tyrosine phosphorylation. These studies illustrate that reversible cysteine sulfenic acid formation is a mechanism by which B cells modulate pathways critical for activation and proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie E Crump
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Protein Arginine Methyltransferases (PRMTs): promising targets for the treatment of pulmonary disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2012. [PMID: 23202904 PMCID: PMC3497278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms131012383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methylation is a novel posttranslational modification that plays a pivotal role in a variety of intracellular events, such as signal transduction, protein-protein interaction and transcriptional regulation, either by the direct regulation of protein function or by metabolic products originating from protein arginine methylation that influence nitric oxide (NO)-dependent processes. A growing body of evidence suggests that both mechanisms are implicated in cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. This review will present and discuss recent research on PRMTs and the methylation of non-histone proteins and its consequences for the pathogenesis of various lung disorders, including lung cancer, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. This article will also highlight novel directions for possible future investigations to evaluate the functional contribution of arginine methylation in lung homeostasis and disease.
Collapse
|
45
|
Leonard S, Gordon N, Smith N, Rowe M, Murray PG, Woodman CB. Arginine Methyltransferases Are Regulated by Epstein-Barr Virus in B Cells and Are Differentially Expressed in Hodgkin's Lymphoma. Pathogens 2012; 1:52-64. [PMID: 25436604 PMCID: PMC4235682 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens1010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there is increasing evidence that aberrant expression of those enzymes which control protein arginine methylation contribute to carcinogenesis, their de-regulation by oncogenic viruses in primary cells has yet to be reported. We first show that the protein arginine methyltransferases, CARM1, PRMT1 and PRMT5 are strongly expressed in Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells, and up-regulated in Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) cell lines. Given that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) can be detected in approximately 50% of primary HL, we next examined how EBV infection of germinal centre (GC) B cells, the presumptive precursors of HRS cells, modulated the expression of these proteins. EBV infection of GC B cells was followed by the up-regulation of CARM1, PRMT1 and PRMT5, and by the down-regulation of the arginine deiminase, PADI4. Latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), the major EBV transforming gene was shown to induce PRMT1 in GC B cells and in a stably transfected B cell line. The recent development of compounds which inhibit PRMT-mediated reactions provides a compelling case for continuing to dissect the contribution of virus induced changes in these proteins to lymphomagenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Leonard
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Naheema Gordon
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Nikki Smith
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Martin Rowe
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Paul G Murray
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Ciarán B Woodman
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Monti S, Chapuy B, Takeyama K, Rodig SJ, Hao Y, Yeda KT, Inguilizian H, Mermel C, Curie T, Dogan A, Kutok JL, Beroukim R, Neuberg D, Habermann T, Getz G, Kung AL, Golub TR, Shipp MA. Integrative analysis reveals an outcome-associated and targetable pattern of p53 and cell cycle deregulation in diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Cancer Cell 2012; 22:359-72. [PMID: 22975378 PMCID: PMC3778921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a clinically and biologically heterogeneous disease with a high proliferation rate. By integrating copy number data with transcriptional profiles and performing pathway analysis in primary DLBCLs, we identified a comprehensive set of copy number alterations (CNAs) that decreased p53 activity and perturbed cell cycle regulation. Primary tumors either had multiple complementary alterations of p53 and cell cycle components or largely lacked these lesions. DLBCLs with p53 and cell cycle pathway CNAs had decreased abundance of p53 target transcripts and increased expression of E2F target genes and the Ki67 proliferation marker. CNAs of the CDKN2A-TP53-RB-E2F axis provide a structural basis for increased proliferation in DLBCL, predict outcome with current therapy, and suggest targeted treatment approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bjoern Chapuy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Kunihiko Takeyama
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Scott J Rodig
- Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Yangsheng Hao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Kelly T. Yeda
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Haig Inguilizian
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | | | - Treeve Curie
- Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Ahmed Dogan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Jeffery L Kutok
- Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | | | - Donna Neuberg
- Department of Biostatistics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Thomas Habermann
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Gad Getz
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA
| | - Andrew L Kung
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | | | - Margaret A Shipp
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Treanor B. B-cell receptor: from resting state to activate. Immunology 2012; 136:21-7. [PMID: 22269039 PMCID: PMC3372753 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2012.03564.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
B-cell activation is triggered by the binding of antigen to the B-cell receptor (BCR). The early molecular events triggered by BCR binding of ligand have been well-characterized both biochemically and using optical microscopy techniques to visualize B-cell activation as it happens. However, we understand much less about the BCR before activation. For this reason, this review will address recent advances in our view of the structure, organization and dynamics of the resting, unstimulated BCR. These parameters have important implications for our understanding of the initiation of B-cell activation and will be discussed in the context of current models for BCR activation. These models include the conformation-induced oligomerization model, in which binding of antigen to monomeric BCR induces a pulling or twisting force causing conformational unmasking of a clustering interface in the Cμ4 domain. Conversely, the dissociation activation model proposes that BCRs exist in auto-inhibitory oligomers on the resting B-cell surface and binding of antigen promotes the dissociation of the BCR oligomer exposing phosphorylation residues within Igα/Igβ. Finally, the collision coupling model suggests that BCR are segregated from activating co-receptors or kinases and activation is associated with changes in BCR mobility on the cell surface, which allows for the functional interaction of these elements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bebhinn Treanor
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Hauser AT, Bissinger EM, Metzger E, Repenning A, Bauer UM, Mai A, Schüle R, Jung M. Screening assays for epigenetic targets using native histones as substrates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 17:18-26. [PMID: 21965113 DOI: 10.1177/1087057111423968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In the past years, a lot of attention has been given to the identification and characterization of selective and potent inhibitors of chromatin-modifying enzymes to better understand their specific role in transcriptional regulation. As aberrant histone methylation is involved in different pathological processes, the search for methyltransferase and demethylase inhibitors has emerged as a crucial issue in current medicinal chemistry research. High-throughput in vitro assays are important tools for the identification of new methyltransferase or demethylase inhibitors. These usually use oligopeptide substrates derived from histone sequences, although in many cases, they are not good substrates for these enzymes. Here, the authors report about the setup and establishment of in vitro assays that use native core histones as substrates, enabling an assay environment that better resembles native conditions. They have applied these substrates for the known formaldehyde dehydrogenase assay for the histone demethylase LSD1 and have established two new antibody-based assays. For LSD1, a heterogeneous assay format was set up, and a homogeneous assay was used for the characterization of the arginine methyltransferase PRMT1. Validation of the system was achieved with reference inhibitors in each case.
Collapse
|
49
|
|
50
|
Abstract
Accumulating epidemiological, clinical, and experimental evidence supports the conclusion of a critical role of epigenetic factors in immune programming. This understanding provides the basis for elucidating how the intricate interactions of the genome, epigenome, and transcriptome shape immune responses and maintain immune tolerance to self-antigens. Deciphering the precise contribution of epigenetic factors to autoimmunity, and in particular to lupus, has become an active research area. On one hand, it is well established that environmental factors have an impact on the epigenome and, therefore, on the transcriptional and translational machinery of specific cell types; on the other, the environment also plays an important role in the severity of lupus and other autoimmunity diseases. Determining how epigenetics "connects" the environment to cell biology and to autoreactivity will be key for advancing our understanding in this field and, possibly, for developing novel preventive strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moncef Zouali
- Inserm UMR-S 606, University Diderot-Paris 7, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|