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Lin X, Chen JD, Wang CY, Cai Z, Zhan R, Yang C, Zhang LY, Li LY, Xiao Y, Chen MK, Wu M. Cooperation of MLL1 and Jun in controlling H3K4me3 on enhancers in colorectal cancer. Genome Biol 2023; 24:268. [PMID: 38012744 PMCID: PMC10680327 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-023-03108-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enhancer dysregulation is one of the important features for cancer cells. Enhancers enriched with H3K4me3 have been implicated to play important roles in cancer. However, their detailed features and regulatory mechanisms have not been well characterized. RESULTS Here, we profile the landscape of H3K4me3-enriched enhancers (m3Es) in 43 pairs of colorectal cancer (CRC) samples. M3Es are widely distributed in CRC and averagely possess around 10% of total active enhancers. We identify 1322 gain variant m3Es and 367 lost variant m3Es in CRC. The target genes of the gain m3Es are enriched in immune response pathways. We experimentally prove that repression of CBX8 and RPS6KA5 m3Es inhibits target gene expression in CRC. Furthermore, we find histone methyltransferase MLL1 is responsible for depositing H3K4me3 on the identified Vm3Es. We demonstrate that the transcription factor AP1/JUN interacts with MLL1 and regulates m3E activity. Application of a small chemical inhibitor for MLL1 activity, OICR-9429, represses target gene expression of the identified Vm3Es, enhances anti-tumor immunity and inhibits CRC growth in an animal model. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our study illustrates the genome-wide landscape and the regulatory mechanisms of m3Es in CRC, and reveals potential novel strategies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Lin
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Hubei Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Ji-Dong Chen
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Hubei Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Chen-Yu Wang
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Hubei Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Zhen Cai
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Hubei Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Rui Zhan
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Hubei Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Hubei Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - La-Ying Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Lian-Yun Li
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Hubei Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Yong Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China.
| | - Ming-Kai Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China.
| | - Min Wu
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, Hubei Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China.
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Han Y, Katayama S, Futakuchi M, Nakamichi K, Wakabayashi Y, Sakamoto M, Nakayama J, Semba K. Targeting c-Jun Is a Potential Therapy for Luminal Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis. Mol Cancer Res 2023; 21:908-921. [PMID: 37310848 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-22-0695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Luminal breast cancer has the highest bone metastasis frequency among all breast cancer subtypes; however, its metastatic mechanism has not been elucidated because of a lack of appropriate models. We have previously developed useful bone metastatic cell lines of luminal breast cancer using MCF7 cells. In this study, we characterized bone metastatic MCF7-BM cell lines and identified c-Jun as a novel bone metastasis marker of luminal breast cancer. The protein level of c-Jun was upregulated in MCF7-BM cells compared with that in parental cells, and its deficiency resulted in the suppression of tumor cell migration, transformation, and reduced osteolytic ability. In vivo, dominant-negative c-Jun exhibited smaller bone metastatic lesions and a lower metastatic frequency. Histologic analysis revealed that c-Jun expression was heterogeneous in bone metastatic lesions, whereas c-Jun overexpression mediated a vicious cycle between MCF7-BM cells and osteoclasts by enhancing calcium-induced migration and releasing the osteoclast activator BMP5. Pharmacological inhibition of c-Jun by the Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor JNK-IN-8 effectively suppressed tumorigenesis and bone metastasis in MCF7-BM cells. Furthermore, c-Jun downstream signals were specifically correlated with the clinical prognosis of patients with the luminal subtype of breast cancer. Our results illustrate the potential benefits of a therapy that targets c-Jun to prevent bone metastasis in luminal breast cancer. IMPLICATIONS c-Jun expression mediates bone metastasis in luminal breast cancer by forming a vicious cycle in the bone microenvironment, which reveals potential strategies for subtype-specific bone metastasis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Han
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shota Katayama
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Futakuchi
- Department of Pathological Diagnostics, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Kazuya Nakamichi
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaro Wakabayashi
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mai Sakamoto
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Nakayama
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Integrative Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Semba
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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Karakaslar EO, Katiyar N, Hasham M, Youn A, Sharma S, Chung C, Marches R, Korstanje R, Banchereau J, Ucar D. Transcriptional activation of Jun and Fos members of the AP-1 complex is a conserved signature of immune aging that contributes to inflammaging. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13792. [PMID: 36840360 PMCID: PMC10086525 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Diverse mouse strains have different health and life spans, mimicking the diversity among humans. To capture conserved aging signatures, we studied long-lived C57BL/6J and short-lived NZO/HILtJ mouse strains by profiling transcriptomes and epigenomes of immune cells from peripheral blood and the spleen from young and old mice. Transcriptional activation of the AP-1 transcription factor complex, particularly Fos, Junb, and Jun genes, was the most significant and conserved aging signature across tissues and strains. ATAC-seq data analyses showed that the chromatin around these genes was more accessible with age and there were significantly more binding sites for these TFs with age across all studied tissues, targeting pro-inflammatory molecules including Il6. Age-related increases in binding sites of JUN and FOS factors were also conserved in human peripheral blood ATAC-seq data. Single-cell RNA-seq data from the mouse aging cell atlas Tabula Muris Senis showed that the expression of these genes increased with age in B, T, NK cells, and macrophages, with macrophages from old mice expressing these molecules more abundantly than other cells. Functional data showed that upon myeloid cell activation via poly(I:C), the levels of JUN protein and its binding activity increased more significantly in spleen cells from old compared to young mice. In addition, upon activation, old cells produced more IL6 compared to young cells. In sum, we showed that the aging-related transcriptional activation of Jun and Fos family members in AP-1 complex is conserved across immune tissues and long- and short-living mouse strains, possibly contributing to increased inflammation with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emin Onur Karakaslar
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic MedicineFarmingtonConnecticutUSA
- Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC)LeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Neerja Katiyar
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic MedicineFarmingtonConnecticutUSA
| | - Muneer Hasham
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian GeneticsBar HarborMaineUSA
| | | | | | - Cheng‐han Chung
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic MedicineFarmingtonConnecticutUSA
| | - Radu Marches
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic MedicineFarmingtonConnecticutUSA
| | - Ron Korstanje
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian GeneticsBar HarborMaineUSA
| | - Jacques Banchereau
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic MedicineFarmingtonConnecticutUSA
- ImmunaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Duygu Ucar
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic MedicineFarmingtonConnecticutUSA
- Department of Genetics and Genome SciencesUniversity of Connecticut Health CenterFarmingtonConnecticutUSA
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Fujita H, Fujita T, Fujii H. IL-3-Induced Immediate Expression of c- fos and c- jun Is Modulated by the IKK2-JNK Axis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091451. [PMID: 35563758 PMCID: PMC9105775 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-3 is a pleiotropic cytokine that regulates the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of hematopoietic cells. The binding of IL-3 to its receptor activates intracellular signaling, inducing transcription of immediate early genes (IEGs) such as c-fos, c-jun, and c-myc; however, transcriptional regulation under IL-3 signaling is not fully understood. This study assessed the role of the inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB kinases (IKKs) in inducing IL-3-mediated expression of IEGs. We show that IKK1 and IKK2 are required for the IL-3-induced immediate expression of c-fos and c-jun in murine hematopoietic Ba/F3 cells. Although IKK2 is well-known for its pivotal role as a regulator of the canonical nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway, activation of IKKs did not induce the nuclear translocation of the NF-κB transcription factor. We further revealed the important role of IKK2 in the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which mediates the IL-3-induced expression of c-fos and c-jun. These findings indicate that the IKK2-JNK axis modulates the IL-3-induced expression of IEGs in a canonical NF-κB-independent manner.
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Marfella R, D'Onofrio N, Trotta MC, Sardu C, Scisciola L, Amarelli C, Balestrieri ML, Grimaldi V, Mansueto G, Esposito S, D'Amico M, Golino P, Signoriello G, De Feo M, Maiello C, Napoli C, Paolisso G. Sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors improve cardiac function by reducing JunD expression in human diabetic hearts. Metabolism 2022; 127:154936. [PMID: 34801581 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy may involve the activator protein 1 (AP-1) member, JunD. Using non-diabetic heart transplant (HTX) in recipients with diabetes, we examined the effects of the diabetic milieu (hyperglycemia and insulin resistance) on cardiac JunD expression over 12 months. Because sodium/glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) significantly reverse high glucose-induced AP-1 binding in the proximal tubular cell, we investigated JunD expression in a subgroup of type 2 diabetic recipients receiving SGLT2i treatment. METHODS We evaluated 77 first HTX recipients (40 and 37 patients with and without diabetes, respectively). Among the recipients with diabetes, 17 (45.9%) were receiving SGLT2i treatment. HTX recipients underwent standard clinical evaluation (metabolic status, echocardiography, coronary computed tomography angiography, and endomyocardial biopsy). In the biopsy samples, we evaluated JunD, insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2 (IRS1 and IRS2), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), and ceramide levels using real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence. The biopsy evaluations in this study were performed at 1-4 weeks (basal), 5-12 weeks (intermediate), and up to 48 weeks (final, end of 12-month follow-up) after HTX. RESULTS There was a significant early and progressive increase in the cardiac expression of JunD/PPAR-γ and ceramide levels, along with a significant decrease in IRS1 and IRS2 in recipients with diabetes but not in those without diabetes. These molecular changes were blunted in patients with diabetes receiving SGLT2i treatment. CONCLUSION Early pathogenesis in human diabetic cardiomyopathy is associated with JunD/PPAR-γ overexpression and lipid accumulation following HTX in recipients with diabetes. Remarkably, this phenomenon was reduced by concomitant therapy with SGLT2i, which acted directly on diabetic hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy; Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy.
| | - Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Department of Precision Medicine, the University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Consiglia Trotta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Celestino Sardu
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Scisciola
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Cristiano Amarelli
- Unit of Cardiac Surgery and Transplants, AORN Ospedali dei Colli-Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Grimaldi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Gelsomina Mansueto
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Michele D'Amico
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Golino
- Cardiology Division, University "L. Vanvitelli" - Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Signoriello
- Statistical Unit, Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Marisa De Feo
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro Maiello
- Unit of Cardiac Surgery and Transplants, AORN Ospedali dei Colli-Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Napoli
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy; Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
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Ren S, Zhang N, Shen L, Lu Y, Chang Y, Lin Z, Sun N, Zhang Y, Xu J, Huang H, Jin H. Lnc00892 competes with c-Jun to block NCL transcription, reducing the stability of RhoA/RhoC mRNA and impairing bladder cancer invasion. Oncogene 2021; 40:6579-6589. [PMID: 34615995 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02033-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis of bladder cancer is a complex process and has been associated with poor clinical outcomes. However, the mechanisms of bladder cancer metastasis remain largely unknown. The present study found that the long noncoding RNA lnc00892 was significantly downregulated in bladder cancer tissues, with low lnc00892 expression associated with poor prognosis of bladder cancer patients. Lnc00892 significantly inhibited the migration, invasion, and metastasis of bladder cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. In-depth analysis showed that RhoA/C acted downstream of lnc00892 to inhibit bladder cancer metastasis. Mechanistically, lnc00892 reduces nucleolin gene transcription by competitively binding the promoter of nucleolin with c-Jun, thereby inhibiting nucleolin-mediated stabilization of RhoA/RhoC mRNA. Taken together, these findings provide novel insights into understanding the mechanisms of bladder cancer metastasis and suggest that lnc00892 can serve as a potential therapeutic target in patients with invasive bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Ren
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liping Shen
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongyong Lu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yixin Chang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenni Lin
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ning Sun
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuanmei Zhang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiheng Xu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haishan Huang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Honglei Jin
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Liu Y, Li X, Zhang Y, Tang Y, Fang W, Liu X, Liu Z. NAP1L1 targeting suppresses the proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112096. [PMID: 34563951 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleosome assembly protein 1-like 1 (NAP1L1) is significantly involved in the development of various cancers. However, its role in the molecular mechanism of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains undetermined. In this study, we detected the upregulated expression of NAP1L1 mRNA and protein levels by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis in NPC cell lines. Results of the immunohistochemistry analysis of NPC tissue biopsies showed that upregulated NAP1L1 protein expression promoted NPC progression and negatively correlated with poor prognosis in NPC patients. Suppression of NAP1L1 expression by small interfering RNA (siRNA) or small hairpin RNA (shRNA) methods significantly decreased cell proliferation in vivo and in vitro. Mechanism analysis revealed that the regulation of cell growth was enriched by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis based on RNA sequencing data. Cell cycle-induced genes CCND1 and E2F1 were downregulated in NAP1L1 knockdown NPC cells. Reduced NAP1L1 suppressed the recruitment of hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) and decreased its expression. Knockdown of HDGF reduced the expression of c-JUN, a key oncogenic transcription factor that can induce the expression of cyclin D1 (CCND1), reducing cell cycle progression and suppressing cell growth in NPC. Transfecting HDGF or c-JUN could reverse the growth-suppressive effects in NAP1L1-downregulated NPC cells. The data obtained in this study suggest that NAP1L1 acts as a potential oncogene by activating HDGF/c-JUN/CCND1 signaling in NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- YaHui Liu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315 Guangzhou, China
| | - XiaoNing Li
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315 Guangzhou, China; Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - YeWei Zhang
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Yao Tang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315 Guangzhou, China
| | - WeiYi Fang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315 Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiong Liu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315 Guangzhou, China; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhen Liu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510315 Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, 511436 Guangzhou, China.
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Choi Y, Jeon H, Akin JW, Curry TE, Jo M. The FOS/AP-1 Regulates Metabolic Changes and Cholesterol Synthesis in Human Periovulatory Granulosa Cells. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6309635. [PMID: 34171102 PMCID: PMC8315293 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
FOS, a subunit of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor, has been implicated in various cellular changes. In the human ovary, the expression of FOS and its heterodimeric binding partners JUN, JUNB, and JUND increases in periovulatory follicles. However, the specific role of the FOS/AP-1 remains elusive. The present study determined the regulatory mechanisms driving the expression of FOS and its partners and functions of FOS using primary human granulosa/lutein cells (hGLCs). Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) induced a biphasic increase in the expression of FOS, peaking at 1 to 3 hours and 12 hours. The levels of JUN proteins were also increased by hCG, with varying expression patterns. Coimmunoprecipitation analyses revealed that FOS is present as heterodimers with all JUN proteins. hCG immediately activated protein kinase A and p42/44MAPK signaling pathways, and inhibitors for these pathways abolished hCG-induced increases in the levels of FOS, JUN, and JUNB. To identify the genes regulated by FOS, high-throughput RNA sequencing was performed using hGLC treated with hCG ± T-5224 (FOS inhibitor). Sequencing data analysis revealed that FOS inhibition affects the expression of numerous genes, including a cluster of genes involved in the periovulatory process such as matrix remodeling, prostaglandin synthesis, glycolysis, and cholesterol biosynthesis. Quantitative PCR analysis verified hCG-induced, T-5224-regulated expression of a selection of genes involved in these processes. Consistently, hCG-induced increases in metabolic activities and cholesterol levels were suppressed by T-5224. This study unveiled potential downstream target genes of and a role for the FOS/AP-1 complex in metabolic changes and cholesterol biosynthesis in granulosa/lutein cells of human periovulatory follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Hayce Jeon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | | | - Thomas E Curry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Misung Jo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Correspondence: Misung Jo, PhD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chandler Medical Center, 800 Rose Street, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA.
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Lin KH, Kumar VB, Shanmugam T, Shibu MA, Chen RJ, Kuo CH, Ho TJ, Padma VV, Yeh YL, Huang CY. miR-145-5p targets paxillin to attenuate angiotensin II-induced pathological cardiac hypertrophy via downregulation of Rac 1, pJNK, p-c-Jun, NFATc3, ANP and by Sirt-1 upregulation. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:3253-3260. [PMID: 33886061 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04100-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is associated with many diseases including hypertension. Recent studies have identified important roles for microRNAs (miRNAs) in many cardiac pathophysiological processes, including the regulation of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. However, the role of miR-145-5p in the cardiac setting is still unclear. In this study, H9C2 cells were overexpressed with microRNA-145-5p, and then treated with Ang-II for 24 h, to study the effect of miR-145-5p on Ang-II-induced myocardial hypertrophy in vitro. Results showed that Ang-II treatment down-regulated miR-145-5p expression were revered after miR-145-5p overexpression. Based on results of bioinformatics algorithms, paxillin was predicted as a candidate target gene of miR-145-5p, luciferase activity assay revealed that the luciferase activity of cells was substantial downregulated the following co-transfection with wild paxillin 3'UTR and miR-145-5p compared to that in scramble control, while the inhibitory effect of miR-145-5p was abolished after transfection of mutant paxillin 3'UTR. Additionally, overexpression of miR-145-5p markedly inhibited activation of Rac-1/ JNK /c-jun/ NFATc3 and ANP expression and induced SIRT1 expression in Ang-II treated H9c2 cells. Jointly, our study suggested that miR-145-5p inhibited cardiac hypertrophy by targeting paxillin and through modulating Rac-1/ JNK /c-jun/ NFATc3/ ANP / Sirt1 signaling, therefore proving novel downstream molecular pathway of miR-145-5p in cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ho Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - V Bharath Kumar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tamilselvi Shanmugam
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Marthandam Asokan Shibu
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ray-Jade Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - V Vijaya Padma
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, India
| | - Yu-Lan Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, 11260, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
- Center of General Education, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, 970, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
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10
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Zhu QC, Li S, Yuan LX, Chen RA, Liu DX, Fung TS. Induction of the Proinflammatory Chemokine Interleukin-8 Is Regulated by Integrated Stress Response and AP-1 Family Proteins Activated during Coronavirus Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115646. [PMID: 34073283 PMCID: PMC8198748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection induces the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as interleukin-8 (IL-8) and IL-6. Although they facilitate local antiviral immunity, their excessive release leads to life-threatening cytokine release syndrome, exemplified by the severe cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In this study, we investigated the roles of the integrated stress response (ISR) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) family proteins in regulating coronavirus-induced IL-8 and IL-6 upregulation. The mRNA expression of IL-8 and IL-6 was significantly induced in cells infected with infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a gammacoronavirus, and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, an alphacoronavirus. Overexpression of a constitutively active phosphomimetic mutant of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), chemical inhibition of its dephosphorylation, or overexpression of its upstream double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) significantly enhanced IL-8 mRNA expression in IBV-infected cells. Overexpression of the AP-1 protein cJUN or its upstream kinase also increased the IBV-induced IL-8 mRNA expression, which was synergistically enhanced by overexpression of cFOS. Taken together, this study demonstrated the important regulatory roles of ISR and AP-1 proteins in IL-8 production during coronavirus infection, highlighting the complex interactions between cellular stress pathways and the innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chun Zhu
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Q.C.Z.); (S.L.); (L.X.Y.)
| | - Shumin Li
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Q.C.Z.); (S.L.); (L.X.Y.)
| | - Li Xia Yuan
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Q.C.Z.); (S.L.); (L.X.Y.)
| | - Rui Ai Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
- Zhaoqing Branch, Center of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Zhaoqing 526000, China
| | - Ding Xiang Liu
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Q.C.Z.); (S.L.); (L.X.Y.)
- Zhaoqing Branch, Center of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Zhaoqing 526000, China
- Correspondence: or (D.X.L.); (T.S.F.)
| | - To Sing Fung
- Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Q.C.Z.); (S.L.); (L.X.Y.)
- Correspondence: or (D.X.L.); (T.S.F.)
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11
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Wagstaff LJ, Gomez-Sanchez JA, Fazal SV, Otto GW, Kilpatrick AM, Michael K, Wong LYN, Ma KH, Turmaine M, Svaren J, Gordon T, Arthur-Farraj P, Velasco-Aviles S, Cabedo H, Benito C, Mirsky R, Jessen KR. Failures of nerve regeneration caused by aging or chronic denervation are rescued by restoring Schwann cell c-Jun. eLife 2021; 10:e62232. [PMID: 33475496 PMCID: PMC7819709 DOI: 10.7554/elife.62232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
After nerve injury, myelin and Remak Schwann cells reprogram to repair cells specialized for regeneration. Normally providing strong regenerative support, these cells fail in aging animals, and during chronic denervation that results from slow axon growth. This impairs axonal regeneration and causes significant clinical problems. In mice, we find that repair cells express reduced c-Jun protein as regenerative support provided by these cells declines during aging and chronic denervation. In both cases, genetically restoring Schwann cell c-Jun levels restores regeneration to control levels. We identify potential gene candidates mediating this effect and implicate Shh in the control of Schwann cell c-Jun levels. This establishes that a common mechanism, reduced c-Jun in Schwann cells, regulates success and failure of nerve repair both during aging and chronic denervation. This provides a molecular framework for addressing important clinical problems, suggesting molecular pathways that can be targeted to promote repair in the PNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Wagstaff
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Jose A Gomez-Sanchez
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández‐CSICSan Juan de AlicanteSpain
| | - Shaline V Fazal
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Georg W Otto
- University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Alastair M Kilpatrick
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Kirolos Michael
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Liam YN Wong
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Ki H Ma
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonUnited States
| | - Mark Turmaine
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - John Svaren
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonUnited States
| | - Tessa Gordon
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoCanada
| | - Peter Arthur-Farraj
- John Van Geest Centre for Brain repair, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Sergio Velasco-Aviles
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández‐CSICSan Juan de AlicanteSpain
- Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, ISABIALAlicanteSpain
| | - Hugo Cabedo
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández‐CSICSan Juan de AlicanteSpain
- Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, ISABIALAlicanteSpain
| | - Cristina Benito
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Rhona Mirsky
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Kristjan R Jessen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
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12
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Abstract
The impairment of pancreatic β-cells function is partly caused by lipotoxicity, which aggravates the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Activator Protein 1 member JunD modulates apoptosis and oxidative stress. Recently, it has been found that JunD regulates lipid metabolism in hepatocytes and cardiomyocytes. Here, we studied the role of JunD in pancreatic β-cells. The lipotoxic effects of palmitic acid on INS-1 cells were measured, and JunD small-interfering RNA was used to assess the effect of JunD in regulating lipid metabolism and insulin secretion. The results showed that palmitic acid stimulation induced the overexpression of JunD, impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and increased intracellular lipid accumulation of β-cells. Moreover, the gene expression involved in lipid metabolism (Scd1, Fabp4, Fas, Cd36, Lpl, and Plin5) was upregulated, while gene expression involved in the pancreatic β-cells function (such as Pdx1, Nkx6.1, Glut2, and Irs-2) was decreased. Gene silencing of JunD reversed the lipotoxic effects induced by PA on β-cells. These results suggested that JunD regulated the function of pancreatic β-cells by altering lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yixin Cui
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Peng Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhina Yao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhina Yao, ; Yu Sun,
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhina Yao, ; Yu Sun,
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13
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Fei X, Cai Y, Lin F, Huang Y, Liu T, Liu Y. Amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells repair mouse corneal cold injury by promoting mRNA N4-acetylcytidine modification and ETV4/JUN/CCND2 signal axis activation. Hum Cell 2021; 34:86-98. [PMID: 33010000 PMCID: PMC7788028 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-020-00442-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Severe corneal injury is one of the main causes of loss of visual function. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the ability to repair damaged cells in vivo. The present study aimed to explore whether MSCs could function as a cell therapy tool to replace traditional methods to treat corneal injury. CD44 + /CD105 + mesenchymal stem cells isolated from mouse amniotic fluid (mAF-MSCs) were injected into mice after cryoinjury to induce corneal endothelial cell injury. Histopathological assays indicated that mAF-MSCs could promote the growth of corneal epithelial cells, reduce keratitis, and repair the corneal damage caused by low temperature. cDNA microarray analysis revealed that the mAF-MSCs affected the expression patterns of mRNAs related to cell proliferation and differentiation pathways in the mice after transplantation. The results of quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting revealed that NAT12, NAT10, and the ETV4/JUN/CCND2 signaling axis were elevated significantly in the mAF-MSC-transplantation group, compared with those in the phosphate-buffered saline-treated groups. High performance liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy results revealed that mAF-MSCs could promote mRNA N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) modification and high expression of N-acetyltransferase in the eyeballs. RNA immunoprecipitation-PCR results showed that a specific product comprising Vegfa, Klf4, Ccnd2, Jun, and Etv4 mRNA specific coding region sites could be amplified using PCR from complexes formed in mAF-MSC-transplanted samples cross-linked with anti-ac4C antibodies. Thus, mouse amniotic fluid MSCs could repair the mouse corneal cold injury by promoting the ETV4/JUN/CCND2 signal axis activation and improving its stability by stimulating N4-acetylcytidine modification of their mRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfeng Fei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Yuying Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Yongyi Huang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Te Liu
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Building C, 365 Xiangyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, 200080, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China.
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China.
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China.
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14
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Niu S, Yang L, Geng R, Zuo H, Guo Z, Weng S, He J, Xu X. A double chitin catalytic domain-containing chitinase targeted by c-Jun is involved in immune responses in shrimp. Dev Comp Immunol 2020; 113:103808. [PMID: 32738335 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chitinases are a group of chitin-degrading enzymes widely distributed in organisms. Chitinases containing two chitin catalytic domains have been widely found in arthropods but their functions remain unclear. In this study, a member of these chitinases from Litopenaeus vannamei (dChi) was identified and functionally studied in the context of immunity. The promoter of dChi contained activator protein 1 (AP-1) binding sites and could be regulated by c-Jun. The recombinant dChi protein showed no bacteriostatic activity in vitro but knockdown of dChi in vivo increased the mortality of shrimp and the bacterial load in tissues after Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection, suggesting that dChi could play a positive role in antibacterial responses. However, silencing of dChi expression significantly decreased the mortality of WSSV-infected shrimp and down-regulated the viral load in tissues, indicating that dChi could facilitate WSSV infection. We further demonstrated that dChi was involved in regulation of the bacterial phagocytosis of hemocytes and expression of a series of immune related transcription factors and antimicrobial peptides. These indicated that the roles of dChi in antibacterial responses and anti-WSSV responses in vivo could result from its regulatory effects on the immune system. Taken together, the current study suggests that double chitin catalytic domain-containing chitinases could be important players in immune regulation in crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwen Niu
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Linwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Ran Geng
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Hongliang Zuo
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Zhixun Guo
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute (CAFS), Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shaoping Weng
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Jianguo He
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Xiaopeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering (Guangdong, Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provice Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
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15
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Manios K, Tsiambas E, Stavrakis I, Stamatelopoulos A, Kavantzas N, Agrogiannis G, C Lazaris A. c-Fos/ c-Jun transcription factors in non-small cell lung carcinoma. J BUON 2020; 25:2141-2143. [PMID: 33277827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
During lung carcinoma development, progression and metastasis, a variety of gross (chromosome) and specific (gene) genomic alterations are detected in dysplastic, neoplastic, and progressively malignant transformed epithelia as early or late genetic events. Oncogenes' overactivation combined with suppressor genes silence are crucial genetic events in malignant and pre-malignant epithelia. Especially, deregulation of crucial signalling transduction pathways that interact with strong transcription factors - such as c-Fos and c-Jun - leads to an aberrant expression of other critical genes responsible for cell homeostasis. Upregulation of c-Fos and c-Jun leading to other oncogenes overactivation seems to be correlated with aggressive biological behaviour in non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs). In the current special molecular article we explored the role of c-Fos/c-Jun complex deregulation in NSCLC based on their interactions with other genes that demonstrate modified expression profiles.
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16
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Gao S, Yin R, Zhang L, Wang S, Chen J, Wu X, Yue C, Zuo L, Tang M. The oncogenic role of MUC12 in RCC progression depends on c-Jun/TGF-β signalling. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:8789-8802. [PMID: 32596961 PMCID: PMC7412406 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common kidney cancer worldwide. Even though current treatments show promising therapeutic effectiveness, metastatic RCC still has limited therapeutic options so that novel treatments were urgently needed. Here, we identified that MUC12 was overexpressed in RCC patients and served as poor prognostic factor for RCC progression. Overexpression of MUC12 increased RCC cell growth and cell invasion while deficiency of MUC12 exerted opposite effects on RCC cells. Mechanistic dissection demonstrated that MUC12-mediated RCC cell growth and cell invasion were dependent of TGF-β1 signalling because they could be blocked in the presence of TGF-β1 inhibitor. Moreover, the regulation of TGF-β1 by MUC12 relied on the transactivation of c-Jun. MUC12 promoted the recruitment of c-Jun on the promoter of TGF-β1, leading to its transcription. Importantly, knockdown of c-Jun also attenuated MUC12-mediated TGF-β1 induction and RCC cell invasion. In summary, our study defines the role of MUC12 in RCC progression and provides rational to develop novel targeted therapy to battle against RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng‐Lin Gao
- Department of UrologyThe Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityChangzhouChina
| | - Rui Yin
- Center for Reproductive MedicineShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Li‐Feng Zhang
- Department of UrologyThe Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityChangzhouChina
| | - Si‐Min Wang
- Changzhou Third People's HospitalChangzhouChina
| | - Jia‐Sheng Chen
- Department of UrologyThe Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityChangzhouChina
| | - Xing‐Yu Wu
- Department of UrologyThe Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityChangzhouChina
| | - Chuang Yue
- Department of UrologyThe Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityChangzhouChina
| | - Li Zuo
- Department of UrologyThe Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityChangzhouChina
| | - Min Tang
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
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17
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Tsiambas E, Mastronikolis N, P Fotiades P, Kyrodimos E, Chrysovergis A, Papanikolaou V, Mastronikolis S, Peschos D, Roukas D, Ragos V. c-Jun/c-Fos complex in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. J BUON 2020; 25:618-620. [PMID: 32521843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
During laryngeal carcinogenesis, a variety of genomic imbalances are involved in hyperplastic and dysplastic laryngeal epithelia as early or progressive genetic events, respectively. Oncogenes' overactivation is a crucial genetic event in malignant and pre-malignant neoplastic epithelia. Especially, deregulation of crucial pathways including transcription factors - such as c-Fos and c-Jun - leads to an aberrant expression of other crucial genes responsible for cell homeostasis. Upregulation of c-Fos and c-Jun proto-oncogenes -due to increased copy numbers (amplification) or intra-genic point mutations- seems to be correlated with aggressive biological behaviour in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (LSCCs). In the current special molecular article we explored the role of c-Fos/c-Jun complex deregulation in LSCC.
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18
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Wang Y, Liu T, Ma F, Lu X, Mao H, Zhou W, Yang L, Li P, Zhan Y. A Network Pharmacology-Based Strategy for Unveiling the Mechanisms of Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook F against Diabetic Kidney Disease. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:2421631. [PMID: 33274236 PMCID: PMC7695487 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2421631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) poses a major public-health burden globally. Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF) is a widely employed herbal medicine in decreasing albuminuria among diabetic patients. However, a holistic network pharmacology strategy to investigate the active components and therapeutic mechanism underlying DKD is still unavailable. METHODS We collected TwHF ingredients and their targets by traditional Chinese Medicine databases (TCMSP). Then, we obtained DKD targets from GeneCards and OMIM and collected and analyzed TwHF-DKD common targets using the STRING database. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established by Cytoscape and analyzed by MCODE plugin to get clusters. In addition, the cytoHubba software was used to identify hub genes. Finally, all the targets of clusters were subjected for Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses via DAVID. RESULTS A total of 51 active ingredients in TwHF were identified and hit by 88 potential targets related to DKD. Compounds correspond to more targets include kaempferol, beta-sitosterol, stigmasterol, and Triptoditerpenic acid B, which appeared to be high-potential compounds. Genes with higher degree including VEGFA, PTGS2, JUN, MAPK8, and HSP90AA1 are hub genes of TwHF against DKD, which are involved in inflammation, insulin resistance, and lipid homeostasis. Kaempferol and VEGFA were represented as the uppermost active ingredient and core gene of TwHF in treating DKD, respectively. DAVID results indicated that TwHF may play a role in treating DKD through AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, insulin resistance, and calcium signaling pathway (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Kaempferol and VEGFA were represented as the uppermost active ingredient and core gene of TwHF in treating DKD, respectively. The key mechanisms of TwHF against DKD might be involved in the reduction of renal inflammation by downregulating VEGFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Tongtong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Fang Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xiaoguang Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Huimin Mao
- Department of Nephrology, Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Weie Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Ping Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yongli Zhan
- Department of Nephrology, Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
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19
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Guo S, Zhu W, Yin Z, Xiao D, Zhang Q, Liu T, Ni J, Ouyang Z, Xie H. Proanthocyanidins attenuate breast cancer-induced bone metastasis by inhibiting Irf-3/c-jun activation. Anticancer Drugs 2019; 30:998-1005. [PMID: 31625993 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated the pivotal role of Jnk-mediated Irf-3/c-Jun in regulating nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis. Here, we demonstrated that proanthocyanidins (PACs) target Irf-3 to alleviate breast cancer-induced activation of osteoclasts. We also found that PACs induced apoptosis of osteoclast precursors by upregulating the ratio of bax/bcl-2 and activating caspase-3 activity. Such bone protective effect also could be observed in a bone metastasis model of breast cancer. These findings provided a novel therapeutic intervention targeting abnormal bone metabolism to alleviate bone metastasis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangfei Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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Ramachandran K, Senagolage MD, Sommars MA, Futtner CR, Omura Y, Allred AL, Barish GD. Dynamic enhancers control skeletal muscle identity and reprogramming. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e3000467. [PMID: 31589602 PMCID: PMC6799888 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscles consist of fibers of differing metabolic activities and contractility, which become remodeled in response to chronic exercise, but the epigenomic basis for muscle identity and adaptation remains poorly understood. Here, we used chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing of dimethylated histone 3 lysine 4 and acetylated histone 3 lysine 27 as well as transposase-accessible chromatin profiling to dissect cis-regulatory networks across muscle groups. We demonstrate that in vivo enhancers specify muscles in accordance with myofiber composition, show little resemblance to cultured myotube enhancers, and identify glycolytic and oxidative muscle-specific regulators. Moreover, we find that voluntary wheel running and muscle-specific peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (Pgc1a) transgenic (mTg) overexpression, which stimulate endurance performance in mice, result in markedly different changes to the epigenome. Exercise predominantly leads to enhancer hypoacetylation, whereas mTg causes hyperacetylation at different sites. Integrative analysis of regulatory regions and gene expression revealed that exercise and mTg are each associated with myocyte enhancer factor (MEF) 2 and estrogen-related receptor (ERR) signaling and transcription of genes promoting oxidative metabolism. However, exercise was additionally associated with regulation by retinoid X receptor (RXR), jun proto-oncogene (JUN), sine oculis homeobox factor (SIX), and other factors. Overall, our work defines the unique enhancer repertoires of skeletal muscles in vivo and reveals that divergent exercise-induced or PGC1α-driven epigenomic programs direct partially convergent transcriptional networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krithika Ramachandran
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Madhavi D. Senagolage
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Meredith A. Sommars
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Christopher R. Futtner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Yasuhiro Omura
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Amanda L. Allred
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Grant D. Barish
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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21
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Janson ND, Jehanathan N, Jung S, Priyathilaka TT, Nam BH, Kim MJ, Lee J. Insight into the molecular function and transcriptional regulation of activator protein 1 (AP-1) components c-Jun/c-Fos ortholog in red lip mullet (Liza haematocheila). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019; 93:597-611. [PMID: 31400511 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor, activator protein-1 (AP-1), is a dimeric protein and a downstream member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. It regulates a wide array of functions including, cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, response to UV-irradiation, immune responses, and inflammatory conditions. AP-1 belongs to the basic leucine zipper (bZIP) protein family, which consists of members from Jun, Fos, Maf, and ATF subfamilies. In the present study, c-Jun and c-Fos homologs were identified from a transcriptome database of Liza haematocheila and designated as Lhc-Jun and Lhc-Fos. In both sequences, the signature bZIP domain was identified and also the DNA binding sites, dimerization sites, as well as the phosphorylation sites, were found to be highly conserved through evolution. Tissue distribution analysis revealed that both Lhc-Jun and Lhc-Fos transcripts were ubiquitously expressed in all examined tissues of healthy mullets. In order to determine the transcriptional modulations of Lhc-Jun and Lhc-Fos, challenge experiments were carried out using LPS, poly I:C, and L. garvieae. The qRT-PCR analysis revealed significant upregulation of Lhc-Jun and Lhc-Fos in blood, gill, liver, and spleen. This is the first study that explores the correlation between UV-irradiation and AP-1 ortholog expression in teleosts. Also, this is the first time that the functional characterization of the teleost c-Fos ortholog has been carried out. Sub-cellular localization of Lhc-Jun and Lhc-Fos was observed in the nucleus. AP-1-Luc reporter assays revealed significant higher luciferase activities in both Lhc-Jun and Lhc-Fos proteins compared to mock controls. These results strongly suggest that Lhc-Jun and Lhc-Fos might play a significant role in Liza haematocheila immunity by regulating AP-1 promoter sequences in immune and stress-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N D Janson
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Nilojan Jehanathan
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumi Jung
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Thanthrige Thiunuwan Priyathilaka
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Hye Nam
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, 408-1 Sirang-ri, Gijang-up, Gijang-gun, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Jin Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Zhou X, Zhang K, Qi W, Zhou Y, Hong T, Xiong T, Xie M, Nie S. Exopolysaccharides from Lactobacillus plantarum NCU116 Enhances Colonic Mucosal Homeostasis by Controlling Epithelial Cell Differentiation and c-Jun/Muc2 Signaling. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:9831-9839. [PMID: 31407897 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Probiotic lactobacilli and their exopolysaccharides (EPS) are thought to modulate mucosal homeostasis; however, their mechanisms remain elusive. Thus, we tried to clarify the role of exopolysaccharides from Lactobacillus plantarum NCU116 (EPS116) in the intestinal mucosal homeostasis. Our results indicated that EPS116 regulated the colon mucosal healing and homeostasis, enhanced the goblet cell differentiation, and promoted the expression of Muc2 gene in vivo and in vitro. Further experiments showed that EPS116 promoted the expression and phosphorylation of transcription factor c-Jun and facilitated its binding to the promoter of Muc2. Moreover, knocking down c-Jun or inhibiting its function in LS 174T cells treated with EPS116 led to decreased expression of Muc2, implying that EPS116 promoted the colonic mucosal homeostasis and Muc2 expression via c-Jun. Therefore, our study uncovered a novel model where EPS116 enhanced colon mucosal homeostasis by controlling the epithelial cell differentiation and c-Jun/Muc2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingtao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) , Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330047 , China
| | - Ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) , Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330047 , China
| | - Wucheng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) , Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330047 , China
| | - YuJia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) , Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330047 , China
| | - Tao Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) , Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330047 , China
| | - Tao Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) , Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330047 , China
| | - Mingyong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) , Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330047 , China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang) , Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330047 , China
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23
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Kessler BE, Mishall KM, Kellett MD, Clark EG, Pugazhenthi U, Pozdeyev N, Kim J, Tan AC, Schweppe RE. Resistance to Src inhibition alters the BRAF-mutant tumor secretome to promote an invasive phenotype and therapeutic escape through a FAK>p130Cas>c-Jun signaling axis. Oncogene 2019; 38:2565-2579. [PMID: 30531837 PMCID: PMC6450711 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0617-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Few therapy options exist for patients with advanced papillary and anaplastic thyroid cancer. We and others have previously identified c-Src as a key mediator of thyroid cancer pro-tumorigenic processes and a promising therapeutic target for thyroid cancer. To increase the efficacy of targeting Src in the clinic, we sought to define mechanisms of resistance to the Src inhibitor, dasatinib, to identify key pathways to target in combination. Using a panel of thyroid cancer cell lines expressing clinically relevant mutations in BRAF or RAS, which were previously developed to be resistant to dasatinib, we identified a switch to a more invasive phenotype in the BRAF-mutant cells as a potential therapy escape mechanism. This phenotype switch is driven by FAK kinase activity, and signaling through the p130Cas>c-Jun signaling axis. We have further shown this more invasive phenotype is accompanied by alterations in the secretome through the increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, and the pro-invasive metalloprotease, MMP-9. Furthermore, IL-1β signals via a feedforward autocrine loop to promote invasion through a FAK>p130Cas>c-Jun>MMP-9 signaling axis. We further demonstrate that upfront combined inhibition of FAK and Src synergistically inhibits growth and invasion, and induces apoptosis in a panel of BRAF- and RAS-mutant thyroid cancer cell lines. Together our data demonstrate that acquired resistance to single-agent Src inhibition promotes a more invasive phenotype through an IL-1β>FAK>p130Cas>c-Jun >MMP signaling axis, and that combined inhibition of FAK and Src has the potential to block this inhibitor-induced phenotype switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittelle E Kessler
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Katie M Mishall
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Meghan D Kellett
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Erin G Clark
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Umarani Pugazhenthi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Nikita Pozdeyev
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Division of Bioinformatics and Personalized Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Jihye Kim
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Aik Choon Tan
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Rebecca E Schweppe
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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24
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Ataei N, Aghaei M, Panjehpour M. Evidences for involvement of estrogen receptor induced ERK1/2 activation in ovarian cancer cell proliferation by Cadmium Chloride. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 56:184-193. [PMID: 30682495 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) as a human carcinogen and one of the most toxic industrial and environmental pollutant mimics the estrogenic effects in cell proliferation. So, it might have a role in the incidence and etiology of hormone-related cancers such as ovarian cancer as the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. This study aimed to evaluate the estrogenic effect and underlying mechanism of Cd in ovarian cancer cell line proliferation. OVCAR3 and SKOV3 cell lines were treated with different concentrations of CdCl2 (0- 50 μM). Cell proliferation was analyzed using MTT and BrdU assay. To evaluate the estrogenic effect of Cd, the cells were pre-incubated with estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist ICI 182,780. The expression of ER was determined using western blotting method. Real-time RT-PCR method was used to assess c-fos, c-jun and FOXO3a mRNA level. The results showed that Cd has an estrogenic proliferative effect at nM concentration range and ICI 182,780 significantly reversed the CdCl2-induced cell proliferation. Cd also increased the expression of ERs. Cd exposure induced activation of p-ERK1/2 in these cells. Cd also intensified c-jun, c-fos, and FOXO3a mRNA expression. Taken together, the current work suggests that Cd induces ovarian cancer cell proliferation in an ER-dependent mechanism induced ERK1/2 activation pathway. Understanding of downstream targets by which Cd deregulates cell proliferation can be noteworthy to define its underlying carcinogenesis mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Ataei
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran..
| | - Mahmoud Aghaei
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran..
| | - Mojtaba Panjehpour
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran..
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25
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Chang C, Xi L, Zhang J, Zhao W, Liu Z, Guo J, Xu C. Roles of Cyclin A, Myc, Jun and Ppm1l in tumourigenic transformation of NIH3T3 cell. J Genet 2018; 97:1155-1168. [PMID: 30555065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To analyse the mechanism of tumourigenic transformation of NIH3T3 cells at the transcriptional level, we used cancerogen 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MCA) and cancerogenic substance phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) to transform NIH3T3 cells and the assessment of transformation was performed using Giemsa staining and methylcellulose colony formation assay. Changes in gene expression profile were detected by Mouse Genome 430 2.0 microarray; and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to verify the expression changes of mRNAs and proteins, respectively. With the aid of bioinformatics method, five signalling pathways were identified to participate in different stages of NIH3T3 cell transformation. Further, our study suggested that oncogenes Cyclin A, Myc, Jun and the tumour suppressor gene Ppm1l may play important roles in these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuifang Chang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Ren Y, Zhang J, Dong W, Yang H, Pan B, Bu W. Evolutionary and functional analysis of Cyclina sinensis c-Jun AP-1 gene in response to LPS stimulation. Dev Comp Immunol 2018; 88:1-7. [PMID: 29980066 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor activator protein-1 (AP-1) plays an essential and critical role in the regulation of numerous downstream genes involved in various physiological and chemical responses. In this study, we identified a full-length cDNA of the c-Jun AP-1 gene (termed Csc-Jun) from the transcriptome library in Cyclina sinensis. The cDNA contains an 825-bp open reading frame that encodes a 274-amino acid protein sequence, including a characteristic Jun transcription factor domain and a highly conserved basic leucine zipper (bZIP) signature that shares 90% identity to that of Ruditapes philippinarum. Furthermore, a phylogenetic analysis using MrBayes and PhyML software (with Bayesian and maximum likelihood approaches, respectively) revealed that the c-Jun AP-1 family genes might be involved in adapting to various environments in different invertebrates. We implemented the PAML software with the maximum likelihood method to further select and verify the positive selection sites (PSSs) in the Mollusca c-Jun AP-1 genes, and we detected four PSSs located in the Jun transcription factor domain. In addition, a spatial expression analysis showed that the Csc-Jun cDNA transcript was ubiquitously expressed in all of the tested tissues and was strongly expressed in the hepatopancreas and weakly expressed in the tissues of the hemocytes, gill filaments, mantle and adductor muscle. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that the expression profiles of Csc-Jun were significantly upregulated at different times in all of the tested tissues when challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Furthermore, knockdown of Csc-Jun by RNA interference resulted in a higher mortality of C. sinensis following LPS exposure. Finally, we explored the function of the TLR13-MyD88 signaling pathway in the innate immunity of C. sinensis by RNA interference and immune challenges. The results revealed that the mRNA expression levels of Csc-Jun were all decreased (P < 0.01) in normal and stimulated C. sinensis hemocytes. These data collectively indicated that the c-Jun AP-1 gene might play vital roles in innate immunity and provide new evidence for the evolutionary patterns of innate immune genes in Mollusca.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yipeng Ren
- Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Jiaqing Zhang
- Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Wenhao Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Weijin Road No. 94, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Huanhuan Yang
- Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Baoping Pan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, PR China
| | - Wenjun Bu
- Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China.
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27
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Ma S, Rao L, Freedberg IM, Blumenberg M. Transcriptional control of K5, K6, K14, and K17 keratin genes by AP-1 and NF-kappaB family members. Gene Expr 2018; 6:361-70. [PMID: 9495317 PMCID: PMC6148254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The expression of keratins K5 and K14 is restricted to the basal layers of the healthy epidermis, whereas the expression of K6 and K17 is induced in response to proliferative and inflammatory signals, respectively. The control of keratin expression occurs primarily at the transcriptional level. We studied the effects of transcription factors of the AP-1 and NF-kappaB families on the expression of those four keratin genes. We chose AP-1 and NF-kappaB proteins because they are activated by many extracellular signals, including those in hyperproliferative and inflammatory processes. DNA constructs expressing the transcription factors were, in various combinations, cotransfected with constructs containing keratin gene promoters and the CAT reporter gene into HeLa cells or keratinocytes. We found that the K5 and K14 promoters, which are coexpressed in vivo, are regulated in parallel by the cotransfected genes. Both were activated by the c-Fos and c-Jun components of AP-1, but not by Fra1. On the other hand, the NF-kappaB proteins, especially p65, suppressed these two promoters. The K17 promoter was specifically activated by c-Jun, whereas the other transcription factors tested had no significant effect. In contrast, the K6 promoter was very strongly activated by all AP-1 proteins, especially by the c-Fos + c-Jun and Fra1 + c-Jun combinations. It was also strongly activated by the p65 NF-kappaB protein. AP-1 and NF-kappaB acted synergistically in activating the K6 promoter, although the AP-1 and the NF-kappaB responsive sites could be separated physically. These results suggest that the interplay of AP-1 and NF-kappaB proteins regulates epidermal gene expression and that the activation of these transcription factors by extracellular signaling molecules brings about the differential expression of keratin genes in epidermal differentiation, cutaneous diseases, and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ma
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University Medical Center, NY 10016, USA
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28
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Langfermann DS, Rössler OG, Thiel G. Stimulation of B-Raf increases c-Jun and c-Fos expression and upregulates AP-1-regulated gene transcription in insulinoma cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 472:126-139. [PMID: 29225069 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Stimulation of pancreatic β-cells with glucose activates the protein kinases B-Raf and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase that participate in glucose sensing. Inhibition of both kinases results in impairment of glucose-regulated gene transcription. To analyze the signaling pathway controlled by B-Raf, we expressed a conditionally active form of B-Raf in INS-1 insulinoma cells. Here, we show that stimulation of B-Raf strongly activated the transcription factor AP-1 which is accompanied by increased c-Jun and c-Fos promoter activities, an upregulation of c-Jun and c-Fos biosynthesis, and elevated transcriptional activation potentials of c-Jun and c-Fos. Mutational analysis identified the AP-1 sites within the c-Jun promoter and the serum response element (SRE) within the c-Fos promoter as the essential genetic elements connecting B-Raf stimulation with AP-1 activation. In line with this, the transcriptional activation potential of the SRE-binding protein Elk-1 was increased following B-Raf activation. The signal pathway from B-Raf to AP-1 required the activation of c-Jun. We identified the cyclin D1 gene as a delayed response gene for AP-1 following stimulation of B-Raf in insulinoma cells. Moreover, MAP kinase phosphatase-1 and the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase calcineurin were identified to function as shut-off-devices for the signaling cascade connecting B-Raf stimulation with the activation of AP-1. The fact that stimulation with glucose, activation of L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, and stimulation of B-Raf all trigger an activation of AP-1 indicates that AP-1 is a point of convergence of signaling pathways in β-cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Langfermann
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University Medical Faculty, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Oliver G Rössler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University Medical Faculty, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Gerald Thiel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University Medical Faculty, D-66421 Homburg, Germany.
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Cui Y, Wang Y, Deng J, Hu G, Dong F, Zhang Q. Chrysotile effects on the expression of anti-oncogene P53 and P16 and oncogene C-jun and C-fos in Wistar rats' lung tissues. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:22378-22388. [PMID: 28905283 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0063-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Chrysotile is the most widely used form of asbestos worldwide. China is the world's largest consumer and second largest producer of chrysotile. The carcinogenicity of chrysotile has been extensively documented, and accumulative evidence has shown that chrysotile is capable of causing lung cancer and other forms of cancer. However, molecular mechanisms underlying the tumorigenic effects of chrysotile remained poorly understood. To explore the carcinogenicity of chrysotile, Wistar rats were administered by intratracheal instillation (by an artificial route of administration) for 0, 0.5, 2, or 8 mg/ml of natural chrysotile (from Mangnai, Qinghai, China) dissolved in saline, repeated once a month for 6 months (a repeated high-dose exposure which may have little bearing on the effects following human exposure). The lung tissues were analyzed for viscera coefficients and histopathological alterations. Expression of P53, P16, C-JUN, and C-FOS was measured by western blotting and qRT-PCR. Our results found that chrysotile exposure leads the body weight to grow slowly and lung viscera coefficients to increase in a dose-dependent manner. General sample showed white nodules, punctiform asbestos spots, and irregular atrophy; moreover, HE staining revealed inflammatory infiltration, damage of alveolar structures, agglomerations, and pulmonary fibrosis. In addition, chrysotile can induce inactivation of the anti-oncogene P53 and P16 and activation of the proto-oncogenes C-JUN and C-FOS both in the messenger RNA and protein level. In conclusion, chrysotile induced an imbalanced expression of cancer-related genes in rats' lung tissue. These results contribute to our understanding of the carcinogenic mechanism of chrysotile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cui
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchan Wang
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, 404 Hospital of Mianyang, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Gongli Hu
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Faqin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and the Resource Recycle, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qingbi Zhang
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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Aleksic T, Gray N, Wu X, Rieunier G, Osher E, Mills J, Verrill C, Bryant RJ, Han C, Hutchinson K, Lambert AG, Kumar R, Hamdy FC, Weyer-Czernilofsky U, Sanderson MP, Bogenrieder T, Taylor S, Macaulay VM. Nuclear IGF1R Interacts with Regulatory Regions of Chromatin to Promote RNA Polymerase II Recruitment and Gene Expression Associated with Advanced Tumor Stage. Cancer Res 2018; 78:3497-3509. [PMID: 29735545 PMCID: PMC6031306 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-3498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Internalization of ligand-activated type I IGF receptor (IGF1R) is followed by recycling to the plasma membrane, degradation or nuclear translocation. Nuclear IGF1R reportedly associates with clinical response to IGF1R inhibitory drugs, yet its role in the nucleus is poorly characterized. Here, we investigated the significance of nuclear IGF1R in clinical cancers and cell line models. In prostate cancers, IGF1R was predominantly membrane localized in benign glands, while malignant epithelium contained prominent internalized (nuclear/cytoplasmic) IGF1R, and nuclear IGF1R associated significantly with advanced tumor stage. Using ChIP-seq to assess global chromatin occupancy, we identified IGF1R-binding sites at or near transcription start sites of genes including JUN and FAM21, most sites coinciding with occupancy by RNA polymerase II (RNAPol2) and histone marks of active enhancers/promoters. IGF1R was inducibly recruited to chromatin, directly binding DNA and interacting with RNAPol2 to upregulate expression of JUN and FAM21, shown to mediate tumor cell survival and IGF-induced migration. IGF1 also enriched RNAPol2 on promoters containing IGF1R-binding sites. These functions were inhibited by IGF1/II-neutralizing antibody xentuzumab (BI 836845), or by blocking receptor internalization. We detected IGF1R on JUN and FAM21 promoters in fresh prostate cancers that contained abundant nuclear IGF1R, with evidence of correlation between nuclear IGF1R content and JUN expression in malignant prostatic epithelium. Taken together, these data reveal previously unrecognized molecular mechanisms through which IGFs promote tumorigenesis, with implications for therapeutic evaluation of anti-IGF drugs.Significance: These findings reveal a noncanonical nuclear role for IGF1R in tumorigenesis, with implications for therapeutic evaluation of IGF inhibitory drugs. Cancer Res; 78(13); 3497-509. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Aleksic
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nicki Gray
- Computational Biology Research Group, University of Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaoning Wu
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Eliot Osher
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Mills
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Clare Verrill
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J Bryant
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Cheng Han
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Cancer and Haematology Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Adam G Lambert
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Freddie C Hamdy
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Thomas Bogenrieder
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistrasse, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephen Taylor
- Computational Biology Research Group, University of Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Valentine M Macaulay
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
- Oxford Cancer and Haematology Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Li X, Zhu J. [Curcumin alleviates early brain injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats by inhibiting JNK/c-Jun signal pathway]. Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 34:225-229. [PMID: 29773103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of curcumin on early brain injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) by inhibiting JNK/ c-Jun signal pathway. Methods Sixty adult male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham operation group (sham group), SAH group, SAH group treated with 100 mg/(kg.d) curcumin and SAH group treated with 200 mg/(kg.d) curcumin, with 15 rats in each group. Endovascular puncture was used to induce SAH model. Nissl staining was used to test whether neurons were broken. TUNEL staining was used to detect apoptosis. Immunohistochemistry was used to investigate the expression of caspase-3. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expressions of p-JNK, JNK, p-c-Jun, c-Jun, and caspase-3. Results Nissl staining indicated the decrease of Nissl bodies in SAH group, but increase of Nissl bodies in SAH group treated with curcumin. TUNEL staining showed that there were more apoptotic neurons in SAH group compared with sham group, while apoptotic neurons decreased after the treatment with curcumin, more obviously in the group treated with 200 mg/(kg.d) curcumin. The expressions of p-JNK, JNK, p-c-Jun, c-Jun, and caspase-3 were up-regulated in SAH group compared with sham group. However, the expressions of those proteins were down-regulated after the treatment with curcumin, especially by higher-dose curcumin treatment. Conclusion Curcumin might suppress early brain injury after SAH by inhibiting JNK/c-Jun signal pathway and neuron apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ji Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China. *Corresponding author, E-mail:
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Jonak CR, Lainez NM, Boehm U, Coss D. GnRH Receptor Expression and Reproductive Function Depend on JUN in GnRH Receptor‒Expressing Cells. Endocrinology 2018; 159:1496-1510. [PMID: 29409045 PMCID: PMC5839737 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus regulates synthesis and secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary gonadotropes. LH and FSH are heterodimers composed of a common α-subunit and unique β-subunits, which provide biological specificity and are limiting components of mature hormone synthesis. Gonadotrope cells respond to GnRH via specific expression of the GnRH receptor (Gnrhr). GnRH induces the expression of gonadotropin genes and of the Gnrhr by activation of specific transcription factors. The JUN (c-Jun) transcription factor binds to AP-1 sites in the promoters of target genes and mediates induction of the FSHβ gene and of the Gnrhr in gonadotrope-derived cell lines. To analyze the role of JUN in reproductive function in vivo, we generated a mouse model that lacks JUN specifically in GnRH receptor‒expressing cells (conditional JUN knockout; JUN-cKO). JUN-cKO mice displayed profound reproductive anomalies such as reduced LH levels resulting in lower gonadal steroid levels, longer estrous cycles in females, and diminished sperm numbers in males. Unexpectedly, FSH levels were unchanged in these animals, whereas Gnrhr expression in the pituitary was reduced. Steroidogenic enzyme expression was reduced in the gonads of JUN-cKO mice, likely as a consequence of reduced LH levels. GnRH receptor‒driven Cre activity was detected in the hypothalamus but not in the GnRH neuron. Female, but not male, JUN-cKO mice exhibited reduced GnRH expression. Taken together, our results demonstrate that GnRH receptor‒expression levels depend on JUN and are critical for reproductive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie R. Jonak
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Nancy M. Lainez
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Ulrich Boehm
- Experimental Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Signaling, Saarland University School of Medicine, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Djurdjica Coss
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521
- Correspondence: Djurdjica Coss, PhD, Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, 303 SOM Research Building, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521. E-mail:
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Fazal SV, Gomez-Sanchez JA, Wagstaff LJ, Musner N, Otto G, Janz M, Mirsky R, Jessen KR. Graded Elevation of c-Jun in Schwann Cells In Vivo: Gene Dosage Determines Effects on Development, Remyelination, Tumorigenesis, and Hypomyelination. J Neurosci 2017; 37:12297-12313. [PMID: 29109239 PMCID: PMC5729195 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0986-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwann cell c-Jun is implicated in adaptive and maladaptive functions in peripheral nerves. In injured nerves, this transcription factor promotes the repair Schwann cell phenotype and regeneration and promotes Schwann-cell-mediated neurotrophic support in models of peripheral neuropathies. However, c-Jun is associated with tumor formation in some systems, potentially suppresses myelin genes, and has been implicated in demyelinating neuropathies. To clarify these issues and to determine how c-Jun levels determine its function, we have generated c-Jun OE/+ and c-Jun OE/OE mice with graded expression of c-Jun in Schwann cells and examined these lines during development, in adulthood, and after injury using RNA sequencing analysis, quantitative electron microscopic morphometry, Western blotting, and functional tests. Schwann cells are remarkably tolerant of elevated c-Jun because the nerves of c-Jun OE/+ mice, in which c-Jun is elevated ∼6-fold, are normal with the exception of modestly reduced myelin thickness. The stronger elevation of c-Jun in c-Jun OE/OE mice is, however, sufficient to induce significant hypomyelination pathology, implicating c-Jun as a potential player in demyelinating neuropathies. The tumor suppressor P19ARF is strongly activated in the nerves of these mice and, even in aged c-Jun OE/OE mice, there is no evidence of tumors. This is consistent with the fact that tumors do not form in injured nerves, although they contain proliferating Schwann cells with strikingly elevated c-Jun. Furthermore, in crushed nerves of c-Jun OE/+ mice, where c-Jun levels are overexpressed sufficiently to accelerate axonal regeneration, myelination and function are restored after injury.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In injured and diseased nerves, the transcription factor c-Jun in Schwann cells is elevated and variously implicated in controlling beneficial or adverse functions, including trophic Schwann cell support for neurons, promotion of regeneration, tumorigenesis, and suppression of myelination. To analyze the functions of c-Jun, we have used transgenic mice with graded elevation of Schwann cell c-Jun. We show that high c-Jun elevation is a potential pathogenic mechanism because it inhibits myelination. Conversely, we did not find a link between c-Jun elevation and tumorigenesis. Modest c-Jun elevation, which is beneficial for regeneration, is well tolerated during Schwann cell development and in the adult and is compatible with restoration of myelination and nerve function after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaline V Fazal
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Jose A Gomez-Sanchez
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Laura J Wagstaff
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | | | - Georg Otto
- University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N1EH, United Kingdom, and
| | - Martin Janz
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité, University Hospital Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 13092 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rhona Mirsky
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom,
| | - Kristján R Jessen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom,
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Mukherjee AA, Kandhare AD, Bodhankar SL. Elucidation of protective efficacy of Pentahydroxy flavone isolated from Madhuca indica against arsenite-induced cardiomyopathy: Role of Nrf-2, PPAR-γ, c-fos and c-jun. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 56:172-185. [PMID: 28942082 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Madhuca indica J. F. Gmel. (Sapotaceae) is widely used ethnobotanically as anti-diabetic, antipyretic, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory and analgesic. It was shown to possess potent anti-apoptotic property. THE AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the possible mechanism of action of isolated phytoconstituent from Madhuca indica Leaves methanolic extract (MI-ALC) on arsenic-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The 3,5,7,3',4'-Pentahydroxy flavone (QTN) was isolated and characterized by using HPTLC, 1H NMR, and LC-MS from MI-ALC. QTN (5, 10 and 20mg/kg, p.o.) was administered in arsenic intoxicated rats (5mL/kg, p.o.) for 28days and evaluated for various behavioral, biochemical, molecular and ultra-histological changes. RESULTS Treatment with QTN (10 and 20mg/kg, p.o.) significantly inhibited (p<0.05) arsenic-induced electrocardiographic, hemodynamic and left ventricular function alterations. Elevated levels of cardiac markers (LDH, CK-MB, AST, ALT, and ALP), altered lipid metabolism (total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, HDL, and VLDL) was significantly restored (p<0.05) by QTN. It also significantly inhibited (p<0.05) altered cardiac oxido-nitrosative stress, Na-K-ATPase level and mitochondrial enzymes (I-IV) activity after arsenite administration. QTN significantly increased (p<0.05) myocardial Nrf-2, PPAR-γ and significantly decreased (p<0.05) myocardial c-fos and c-jun mRNA expressions. Flow cytometric analysis showed that treatment with QTN (10 and 20mg/kg) significantly inhibited (p<0.05) arsenite-induce ROS and apoptosis. It also reduced ultra-histological aberrations induced by sodium arsenite. CONCLUSION Administration of 3,5,7,3',4'- Pentahydroxy flavone (i.e. Quercetin (QTN)) isolated from MI-ALC showed significant protection against arsenic-induced oxido-nitrosative stress and myocardial injury via modulation of Nrf2, PPAR-γ, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwesha A Mukherjee
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Erandwane, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India
| | - Amit D Kandhare
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Erandwane, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India
| | - Subhash L Bodhankar
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Erandwane, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India.
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Dardik R, Leor J, Skutelsky E, Castel D, Holbova R, Schiby G, Shaish A, Dickneite G, Loscalzo J, Inbal A. Evaluation of the pro-angiogenic effect of factor XIII in heterotopic mouse heart allografts and FXIII-deficient mice. Thromb Haemost 2017; 95:546-50. [PMID: 16525585 DOI: 10.1160/th05-06-0409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryThrombin-activated Factor XIII (FXIIIa),a plasma transglutaminase, stabilizes fibrin clots by crosslinking fibrin chains. FXIIIa was previously shown by us to exhibit proangiogenic activity associated with downregulation of thrombospondin-1, phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2), and upregulation of c-Jun. In the current study, we evaluated the proangiogenic effect of FXIIIa in two murine models: a neonatal heterotopic cardiac allograft model in normal mice, and a Matrigel plug model in FXIII-deficient mice. In the neonatal cardiac allograft model, the number of new vessels as well as graft viability (contractile performance) was significantly higher in FXIIIa-injected animals than in controls. A significant increase in the level of c-Jun mRNA and a significant decrease in the level of TSP-1 mRNA were observed in heart allografts treated with FXIIIa. A marked decrease in TSP-1 protein expression was observed within the endothelial cells of hearts treated with FXIIIa. In the Matrigel plug model, FXIII-deficient mice showed a significantly decreased number of new vessels compared to that of the control mice,and the number of vessels almost reached normal levels following addition of FXIIIa. The results of this study provide substantial in vivo evidence for the proangiogenic activity of FXIIIa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Dardik
- Institute of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
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Zhang A, Lakshmanan J, Motameni A, Harbrecht BG. MicroRNA-203 suppresses proliferation in liver cancer associated with PIK3CA, p38 MAPK, c-Jun, and GSK3 signaling. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 441:89-98. [PMID: 28887744 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3176-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths, and alternative ways to treat this disease are urgently needed. In recent years, novel approaches to cancer treatment have been based on microRNAs, small non-coding RNA molecules that play a crucial role in cancer progression by regulating gene expression. Overexpression of some microRNAs has shown therapeutic potential, but whether or not this was the case for microRNA-203 (miR-203) in liver cancer was unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of miR-203 overexpression in liver cancer and explore the related mechanisms. Liver cancer cells from the HepG2 and Hep3B cell lines were transfected with either miR-203 mimics or negative control RNA, and then the cells were subjected to cell viability, cell proliferation, and Western blotting assays. As a result of microRNA-203 overexpression, HepG2 and Hep3B cell viability and cell proliferation significantly declined. Furthermore, microRNA-203 overexpression led to inhibited expression of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PIK3)/protein kinase B (Akt), c-Jun, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK), and restored glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK 3) activity in HepG2 cells. Our results suggest that c-Jun, p38 MAPK, PIK3CA/Akt, and GSK3 signaling involved in the effect of miR-203 on the proliferation of HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Zhang
- Price Institute of Surgical Research and Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Jaganathan Lakshmanan
- Price Institute of Surgical Research and Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
| | - Amirreza Motameni
- Price Institute of Surgical Research and Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Brian G Harbrecht
- Price Institute of Surgical Research and Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
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Roumaud P, Rwigemera A, Martin LJ. Transcription factors SF1 and cJUN cooperate to activate the Fdx1 promoter in MA-10 Leydig cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 171:121-132. [PMID: 28274746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The Ferredoxin 1 (FDX1) protein supports steroid biosynthesis in steroidogenic cells through electron transfer to the rate-limiting steroidogenic enzyme, CYP11A1. The latter catalyzes the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone through side chain cleavage inside the mitochondria. Thus far, only several transcription factors have been implicated in the regulation of mouse Fdx1 promoter activity in Leydig cells. These include the nuclear receptor SF1 and SP1. Since two conserved regulatory elements for AP1 transcription factors have been located at -764 and -617bp of the Fdx1 promoter, we hypothesized that cJUN may cooperate with other partners to regulate Fdx1 in Leydig cells. Indeed, we report that SF1 and cJUN interact and cooperate to activate the Fdx1 promoter in MA-10 and TM3 Leydig cells. Furthermore, we found that such activation requires different regulatory elements located between -124 and -306bp of the Fdx1 promoter and involves recruitment of SF1 to this region. Using RNA interference, the importance of SF1 in transcriptional regulation of Fdx1 was confirmed, whereas cJUN was dispensable even though it cooperated with SF1 to upregulate Fdx1 expression in MA-10 cells. Thus, our data provides new insights in the molecular mechanisms that control mouse Fdx1 transcription, possibly leading to regulation of CYP11A1 enzyme activation, in Leydig cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Roumaud
- Biology Department, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New-Brunswick, E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - Arlette Rwigemera
- Biology Department, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New-Brunswick, E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - Luc J Martin
- Biology Department, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New-Brunswick, E1A 3E9, Canada,.
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Buchanan PC, Boylan KLM, Walcheck B, Heinze R, Geller MA, Argenta PA, Skubitz APN. Ectodomain shedding of the cell adhesion molecule Nectin-4 in ovarian cancer is mediated by ADAM10 and ADAM17. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:6339-6351. [PMID: 28232483 PMCID: PMC5391762 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.746859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that the cell adhesion molecule Nectin-4 is overexpressed in ovarian cancer tumors, and its cleaved extracellular domain can be detected in the serum of ovarian cancer patients. The ADAM (adisintegrin and metalloproteinase) proteases are involved in ectodomain cleavage of transmembrane proteins, and ADAM17 is known to cleave Nectin-4 in breast cancer. However, the mechanism of Nectin-4 cleavage in ovarian cancer has not yet been determined. Analysis of ovarian cancer gene microarray data showed that higher expression of Nectin-4, ADAM10, and ADAM17 is associated with significantly decreased progression-free survival. We quantified Nectin-4 shedding from the surface of ovarian cancer cells after stimulation with lysophosphatidic acid. We report that ADAM17 and ADAM10 cleave Nectin-4 and release soluble Nectin-4 (sN4). Small molecule inhibitors and siRNA knockdown of both ADAM proteases confirmed these results. In matched samples from 11 high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients, we detected 2-20-fold more sN4 in ascites fluid than serum. Co-incubation of ovarian cancer cells with ascites fluid significantly increased sN4 shedding, which could be blocked using a dual inhibitor of ADAM10 and ADAM17. Furthermore, we detected RNA for Nectin-4, ADAM10, and ADAM17 in primary ovarian carcinoma tumors, secondary omental metastases, and ascites cells isolated from serous ovarian cancer patients. In a signaling pathway screen, lysophosphatidic acid increased phosphorylation of AKT, EGF receptor, ERK1/2, JNK1/2/3, and c-Jun. Understanding the function of Nectin-4 shedding in ovarian cancer progression is critical to facilitate its development as both a serum biomarker and a therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bruce Walcheck
- From the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
- Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, and
| | - Rachel Heinze
- From the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
| | - Melissa A Geller
- Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Peter A Argenta
- Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
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Udayappan UK, Casey PJ. c-Jun Contributes to Transcriptional Control of GNA12 Expression in Prostate Cancer Cells. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22040612. [PMID: 28394299 PMCID: PMC6153990 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
GNA12 is the α subunit of a heterotrimeric G protein that possesses oncogenic potential. Activated GNA12 also promotes prostate and breast cancer cell invasion in vitro and in vivo, and its expression is up-regulated in many tumors, particularly metastatic tissues. In this study, we explored the control of expression of GNA12 in prostate cancer cells. Initial studies on LnCAP (low metastatic potential, containing low levels of GNA12) and PC3 (high metastatic potential, containing high GNA12 levels) cells revealed that GNA12 mRNA levels correlated with protein levels, suggesting control at the transcriptional level. To identify potential factors controlling GNA12 transcription, we cloned the upstream 5′ regulatory region of the human GNA12 gene and examined its activity using reporter assays. Deletion analysis revealed the highest level of promoter activity in a 784 bp region, and subsequent in silico analysis indicated the presence of transcription factor binding sites for C/EBP (CCAAT/enhancer binding protein), CREB1 (cAMP-response-element-binding protein 1), and c-Jun in this minimal element for transcriptional control. A small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown approach revealed that silencing of c-Jun expression significantly reduced GNA12 5′ regulatory region reporter activity. In addition, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays confirmed that c-Jun binds to the GNA12 5′ regulatory region in PC3 cells. Silencing of c-Jun expression reduced mRNA and protein levels of GNA12, but not the closely-related GNA13, in prostate cancer cells. Understanding the mechanisms by which GNA12 expression is controlled may aid in the development of therapies that target key elements responsible for GNA12-mediated tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udhaya Kumari Udayappan
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore.
| | - Patrick J Casey
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore.
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Lv W, Li B, Jing QK, Mo YP, Yao HJ, Song LY, Wang X, Mao YQ, Li ZG, Shi SH. [Effect of Electroacupuncture Stimulation at "Dazhui" (GV 14) and "Mingmen"(GV 4) on Cell Apoptosis of Spinal Cord and Expression of JNK Signaling Related Protein in Spinal Cord Injury Rats]. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 2017; 42:14-19. [PMID: 29071992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation at "Dazhui" (GV 14) and "Mingmen" (GV 4) of the Governor Vessel at different time-points on spinal cord neuronal apoptosis and the expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) protein in spinal cord injury (SCI) rats, so as to reveal its mechanism underlying improving SCI. METHODS A total of 108 male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control, SCI model and EA groups which were further divided into 1, 3 and 7 d subgroups (12 rats/subgroup, 6 rats in each subgroup for TUNEL or Western blot, separately). SCI model was established by using the modified Allen's method. EA was applied to GV 14 and GV 4 for 20 min, once daily, for 1, 3 and 7 days, respectively. Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) scale was adopted to assess the locomotor function of rats, the TUNEL method was used to examine neuronal apoptosis of injuried spinal cord, and the expression of phosphorylated (p)-c-Jun protein of T9-T11 spinal cord was detected by using Western blot. RESULTS After modeling, the BBB scores of SCI rats on day 1, 3 and 7 were signi-ficantly decreased (P<0.01), while the numbers of apoptotic neuronal cells and the expression levels of p-c-Jun protein in the spinal cord were considerably increased at the 3 time-points in the model group (P<0.01, P<0.05). Following EA intervention, the decreased BBB scores on day 3 and 7, and the increased numbers of apoptotic neuronal cells on day 1, 3 and 7 and the up-regulated expression levels of p-c-Jun protein on day 3 and 7 were obviously suppressed (P<0.05, P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS EA intervention can improve the locomotor function of SCI rats, which Feb be related to its effects in reducing neuronal apoptosis and down-regulating p-c-Jun protein in the injuried spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lv
- School of Acu-moxibustion and Massage, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029
| | - Quan-Kai Jing
- School of Acu-moxibustion and Massage, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yu-Ping Mo
- Department of Rehabilitation, the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen 518112
| | - Hai-Jiang Yao
- Treatment Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 100068
| | - Liang-Yu Song
- School of Acu-moxibustion and Massage, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Acu-moxibustion and Massage, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ying-Qiu Mao
- Center for Experimental Research, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029
| | - Zhi-Gang Li
- School of Acu-moxibustion and Massage, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Su-Hua Shi
- Department of Rehabilitation, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029.
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Chan CM, Macdonald CD, Litherland GJ, Wilkinson DJ, Skelton A, Europe-Finner GN, Rowan AD. Cytokine-induced MMP13 Expression in Human Chondrocytes Is Dependent on Activating Transcription Factor 3 (ATF3) Regulation. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:1625-1636. [PMID: 27956552 PMCID: PMC5290940 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.756601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Irreversible breakdown of cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) by the collagenase matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) represents a key event in osteoarthritis (OA) progression. Although inflammation is most commonly associated with inflammatory joint diseases, it also occurs in OA and is thus relevant to the prevalent tissue destruction. Here, inflammation generates a cFOS AP-1 early response that indirectly affects MMP13 gene expression. To ascertain a more direct effect on prolonged MMP13 production we examined the potential molecular events occurring between the rapid, transient expression of cFOS and the subsequent MMP13 induction. Importantly, we show MMP13 mRNA expression is mirrored by nascent hnRNA transcription. Employing ChIP assays, cFOS recruitment to the MMP13 promoter occurs at an early stage prior to gene transcription and that recruitment of transcriptional initiation markers also correlated with MMP13 expression. Moreover, protein synthesis inhibition following early FOS expression resulted in a significant decrease in MMP13 expression thus indicating a role for different regulatory factors modulating expression of the gene. Subsequent mRNA transcriptome analyses highlighted several genes induced soon after FOS that could contribute to MMP13 expression. Specific small interfering RNA-mediated silencing highlighted that ATF3 was as highly selective for MMP13 as cFOS. Moreover, ATF3 expression was AP-1(cFOS/cJUN)-dependent and expression levels were maintained after the early transient cFOS response. Furthermore, ATF3 bound the proximal MMP13 AP-1 motif in stimulated chondrocytes at time points that no longer supported binding of FOS Consequently, these findings support roles for both cFOS (indirect) and ATF3 (direct) in effecting MMP13 transcription in human chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Ming Chan
- From the Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher D Macdonald
- From the Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Gary J Litherland
- From the Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - David J Wilkinson
- From the Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Skelton
- From the Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - G Nicholas Europe-Finner
- From the Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D Rowan
- From the Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom.
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Shi G, Zhao C, Fu M, Qiu L. The immune response of the C-Jun in the black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) after bacterial infection. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2017; 61:181-186. [PMID: 28027988 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor C-Jun widely exists in vertebrates and invertebrates and plays an important role in various kinds of stimulus response. In this study, PmC-jun gene was first cloned from Penaeus monodon. The full-length cDNA of PmC-jun was 1857 bp in length and included an 879 bp open reading frame (ORF), which encoded 293 amino acids. qRT-PCR analysis results showed that PmC-jun mRNAs were ubiquitously expressed in all the examined tissues. The highest expression level was observed in gill, followed by hepatopancreas. The expression patterns of PmC-jun after Vibrio harveyi and Streptococcus agalactiae injections were studied by qRT-PCR experiment. PmC-jun increased obviously in the gill and hepatopancreas. The expression pattern of PmC-jun in the hepatopancreas was further studied using in situ hybridization (ISH) method. The mRNA expression level of PmC-jun significantly increased in the hepatopancreas after bacterial infection. The expression sites of PmC-jun were almost unchanged. PmC-jun played a regulatory role in pathogen invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongfang Shi
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; College of Aqua-life Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Mingjun Fu
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Lihua Qiu
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510300, China; Tropical Aquaculture Research and Development Center of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572018, China.
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Gutsche K, Randi EB, Blank V, Fink D, Wenger RH, Leo C, Scholz CC. Intermittent hypoxia confers pro-metastatic gene expression selectively through NF-κB in inflammatory breast cancer cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 101:129-142. [PMID: 27717868 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most aggressive form of breast cancer. Treatment options are limited and the mechanisms underlying its aggressiveness are poorly understood. Intermittent hypoxia (IH) causes oxidative stress and is emerging as important regulator of tumor metastasis. Vessels in IBC tumors have been shown to be immature, which is a primary cause of IH. We therefore investigated the relevance of IH for the modulation of gene expression in IBC cells in order to assess IH as potential regulator of IBC aggressiveness. Gene array analysis of IBC cells following chronic IH (45-60 days) demonstrated increased expression of pro-metastatic genes of the extracellular matrix, such as tenascin-C (TNC; an essential factor of the metastatic niche) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), and of pro-inflammatory processes, such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Investigating the oxidative stress-dependent regulation of TNC, we found a gradual sensitivity on mRNA and protein levels. Oxidative stress activated NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), c-Jun and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), but TNC upregulation was only dependent on NF-κB activation. Pharmacological inhibition of inhibitor of NF-κB α (IκBα) phosphorylation as well as overexpression of IκBα prevented TNC, MMP9 and COX-2 induction, whereas the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) increased their expression levels. Analysis of the gene array data showed NF-κB binding sites for 64% of all upregulated genes, linking NF-κB with IH-dependent regulation of pro-metastatic gene expression in IBC cells. Our results provide a first link between intermittent hypoxia and pro-metastatic gene expression in IBC cells, revealing a putative novel mechanism for the high metastatic potential of IBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Gutsche
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Gynecology, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisa B Randi
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Volker Blank
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Department of Medicine & Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3T 1E2
| | - Daniel Fink
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roland H Wenger
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Leo
- Department Women and Children, Cantonal Hospital Baden, 5404 Baden, Switzerland.
| | - Carsten C Scholz
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Wehmeier K, Onstead-Haas LM, Wong NCW, Mooradian AD, Haas MJ. Pro-inflammatory signaling by 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in HepG2 cells. J Mol Endocrinol 2016; 57:87-96. [PMID: 27234962 DOI: 10.1530/jme-16-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The vitamin D metabolite 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (24, 25[OH]2D3) was shown to induce nongenomic signaling pathways in resting zone chondrocytes and other cells involved in bone remodeling. Recently, our laboratory demonstrated that 24,25-[OH]2D3 but not 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, suppresses apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) gene expression and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) secretion in hepatocytes. Since 24,25-[OH]2D3 has low affinity for the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and little is known with regard to how 24,25-[OH]2D3 modulates nongenomic signaling in hepatocytes, we investigated the capacity of 24,25-[OH]2D3 to activate various signaling pathways relevant to apo A-I synthesis in HepG2 cells. Treatment with 24,25-[OH]2D3 resulted in decreased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) expression and retinoid-X-receptor alpha (RXRα) expression. Similarly, treatment of hepatocytes with 50 nM 24,25-[OH]2D3 for 1-3 h induced PKCα activation as well as c-jun-N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1) activity and extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) activity. These changes in kinase activity correlated with changes in c-jun phosphorylation, an increase in AP-1-dependent transcriptional activity, as well as repression of apo A-I promoter activity. Furthermore, treatment with 24,25-[OH]2D3 increased IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 expression by HepG2 cells. These observations suggest that 24,25-[OH]2D3 elicits several novel rapid nongenomic-mediated pro-inflammatory protein kinases targeting AP1 activity, increasing pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, potentially impacting lipid metabolism and hepatic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kent Wehmeier
- Division of EndocrinologyDiabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Florida Jacksonville College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Luisa M Onstead-Haas
- Division of EndocrinologyDiabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Florida Jacksonville College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Norman C W Wong
- Department of MedicineBiochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Arshag D Mooradian
- Division of EndocrinologyDiabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Florida Jacksonville College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Michael J Haas
- Division of EndocrinologyDiabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Florida Jacksonville College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
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Huang X, Su S, Duan JA, Sha X, Zhu KY, Guo J, Yu L, Liu P, Shang E, Qian D. Effects and mechanisms of Shaofu-Zhuyu decoction and its major bioactive component for Cold - Stagnation and Blood - Stasis primary dysmenorrhea rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 186:234-243. [PMID: 27060631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is used under the guidance of the theory of traditional Chinese medical sciences in clinical application. The Chinese herbal formula, Shaofu Zhuyu decoction (SFZYD), is considered as an effective prescription for treating Cold - Stagnation and Blood - Stasis (CSBS) primary dysmenorrhea. The previous studies showed the SFZYD exhibited significant anti-inflammation and analgesic effect. In this present study the metabolomics of CSBS primary dysmenorrhea diseased rats and the cytokine transcription in PHA stimulated-PBMC were investigated to explore the effects and mechanisms. AIM OF THE STUDY Explore a valuable insight into the effects and mechanisms of SFZYD on Cold - Stagnation and Blood - Stasis primary dysmenorrhea rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS We established CSBS primary dysmenorrhea diseased rats according the clinical symptoms. A targeted tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS)-based metabolomic platform was used to evaluate the metabolic profiling changes and the intervention effects by SFZYD. The PBMC cell was adopted to explore the mechanisms by analyzing the signaling pathway evaluated by expression of inflammatory cytokines, c-jun and c-fos and corresponding phosphorylation levels. RESULTS Estradiol, oxytocin, progesterone, endothelin, β-endorphin and PGF2α were restored back to the normal level after the treatment of SFZYD. Total twenty-five metabolites (10 in plasma and 15 in urine), up-regulated or down-regulated, were identified. These identified biomarkers underpinning the metabolic pathway including pentose and glucuronate interconversions, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and glycerophospholipid metabolism are disturbed in model rats. Among these metabolites, twenty one potential biomarkers were regulated after SFZYD treated. The compound of paeoniflorin, a major bioactive compound in SFZYD, was proved to regulate the MAPK signaling pathway by inhibiting the expression of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-10, IL-12, TNFα, INFγ, c-jun and c-fos in PHA stimulated-PBMC. CONCLUSION These findings indicated that SFZYD improved the metabolic profiling and biochemical indicators on CSBS primary dysmenorrhea rats. And the mechanisms were closely related with the regulation of the MAPK pathway by reduction in phosphorylated forms of the three MAPK (ERK1/2, p38 and JNK) and down regulation of c-jun and c-fos by paeoniflorin. The data could be provided the guidance for further research and new drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Hanlin College, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Shulan Su
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xiuxiu Sha
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kavin Yue Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jianming Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Li Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Erxin Shang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dawei Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
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LIU BO, WU SONG, HAN LIHUA, ZHANG CHAOYUE. β-catenin signaling induces the osteoblastogenic differentiation of human pre-osteoblastic and bone marrow stromal cells mainly through the upregulation of osterix expression. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:1572-82. [PMID: 26496941 PMCID: PMC4678161 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Both β-catenin (β-cat) and osterix (OSX) are known to be essential for embryonic and postnatal osteoblast differentiation and bone growth. In the present study, we explored the crosstalk between β-cat signaling and OSX, and assessed its effect on the osteoblastogenic differentiation of human pre-osteoblastic cells (MG-63) and bone marrow stromal cells (HS-27A). In the HS-27A and MG-63 cells, the selective β-cat signaling inhibitor, CCT031374, and the stable overexpression of a constitutively active β-cat mutant respectively decreased and increased the cytoplasmic/soluble β-cat levels, and respectively decreased and increased TOPflash reporter activity, the mRNA levels of β-cat signaling target genes c-Myc and c-Jun, as well as the mRNA and protein expression levels of OSX. Mutational analyses and electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that the increased binding activity of c-Jun at a putative c-Jun binding site (-858/-852 relative to the translation start codon, which was designated as +1) in the human OSX gene promoter was required for teh β-cat signaling-induced expression of OSX in the HS-27A and MG-63 cells. During osteoblastogenic culture, stimulating β-cat signaling activity by the stable overexpression of the active β-cat mutant markedly increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium deposition in the HS-27A and MG-63 cells, which was abolished by knocking down OSX using shRNA. On the other hand, the inhibition of β-cat signaling activity with CCT031374 decreased the ALP activity and calcium deposition, which was completely reversed by the overexpression of OSX. On the whole, the findings of our study suggest that β-cat signaling upregulates the expression of OSX in human pre-osteoblastic and bone marrow stromal cells by trans-activating the OSX gene promoter mainly through increased c-Jun binding at a putative c-Jun binding site; OSX largely mediates β-cat signaling-induced osteoblastogenic differentiation. The present study provides new insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying osteoblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- BO LIU
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - SONG WU
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - LIHUA HAN
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - CHAOYUE ZHANG
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
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Li R, Kou X, Xie L, Cheng F, Geng H. Effects of ambient PM2.5 on pathological injury, inflammation, oxidative stress, metabolic enzyme activity, and expression of c-fos and c-jun in lungs of rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2015; 22:20167-76. [PMID: 26304807 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5222-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure is associated with morbidity and mortality induced by respiratory diseases and increases the lung cancer risk. However, the mechanisms therein involved are not yet fully clarified. In this study, the PM2.5 suspensions at different dosages (0.375, 1.5, 6.0, and 24.0 mg/kg body weight) were respectively given to rats by the intratracheal instillation. The results showed that PM2.5 exposure induced inflammatory cell infiltration and hyperemia in the lung tissues and increased the inflammatory cell numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Furthermore, PM2.5 significantly elevated the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and the expression of c-fos and c-jun in rat lungs exposed to higher dose of PM2.5. These changes were accompanied by decreases of activities of superoxide dismutase and increases of levels of malondialdehyde, inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitric oxide, cytochrome P450s, and glutathione S-transferase. The results implicated that acute exposure to PM2.5 induced pathologically pulmonary changes, unchained inflammatory and oxidative stress processes, activated metabolic enzyme activity, and enhanced proto-oncogene expression, which might be one of the possible mechanisms by which PM2.5 pollution induces lung injury and may be the important determinants for the susceptibility to respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijin Li
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Kou
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhi Xie
- Shanxi Qingyuan Environmental Consultation Co., Ltd, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangqin Cheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Coal Waste Resources, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong Geng
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
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Liu XT, Tao X, Ma TM, Ma XD, Yan HC, Tian L, Liu PP. [Effect of Electroacupuncture Stimulation of Different Tissues at "Huantiao" (GB 30) Acupoint on Expression of Phosphorylated JNK and c-jun in Spinal Cord of Rats with Sciatic Nerve Injury]. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 2015; 40:373-377. [PMID: 26669193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation of different tissues (nerve stem, muscular layer) at "Huantiao" (GB 30) acupoint on expression of hosphorylated c-jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) and c-jun (p-c-jun) proteins in the lumbar spinal cord in rats with sciatic nerve injury, so as to explore its mechanism underlying improvement of peripheral neuropathic damage. METHODS Forty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into normal, model (the left sciatic nerve severed), GB 30 deep needling (the acupuncture needle tip was inserted to the sciatic nerve trunk to elicit an instantaneous jerk of the hind limb) and GB 30 shallow needling (the needle tip was inserted to the muscle layer to evoke a local muscular contraction) groups (n = 12 rats in each group). EA stimuli were delivered at 2 Hz/100 Hz, 1 mA, 20 min in duration per treatment for 10 consecutive days. Histopathological changes were observed by Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemical assay was carried out to examine the pathological change of spinal segments (L4-L5) and the expression of p-JNK and p-c-jun proteins, respectively. RESULTS For rats with the sciatic nerve severed, the spinal neurons became swelling, degeneration or even apoptosis. Acupuncture intervention reduced the number of apoptosic neurons and improved the pathological change, which was relatively better in the.deep needling group than in the shallow needling group. Likewise, the elevated spinal p-JNK and p-c-jun expression levels of the model group were significantly reduced by EA intervention (deep needling vs shallow needling, P < 0.01. CONCLUSION Acupuncture can improve the spinal pathological changes in rats with sciatic nerve injury, which is probably achieved by decreasing the p-JNK and p-c-jun expression and inhibiting the JNK signaling pathway, and thereby, reducing the apoptosis of the spinal neurons. Deep needling results in greater benefits than shallow needling.
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Uluçkan Ö, Guinea-Viniegra J, Jimenez M, Wagner EF. Signalling in inflammatory skin disease by AP-1 (Fos/Jun). Clin Exp Rheumatol 2015; 33:S44-S49. [PMID: 26458100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Skin inflammation is a physiological reaction to tissue injury, pathogen invasion and irritants. During this process, innate and/or adaptive immune cells are activated and recruited to the site of inflammation to either promote or suppress inflammation. The sequential recruitment and activation of immune cells is modulated by a combination of cytokines and chemokines, which are regulated by transcription factors, such as AP-1 (Fos/Jun), NF-κB, NFATs, and STATs. Here we review the present evidence and the underlying mechanisms of how Jun/AP-1 proteins control skin inflammation. Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) in which AP-1 proteins are deleted in the epidermis have revealed that these proteins control cytokine expression at multiple levels. Constitutive epidermal deletion of JunB in mice leads to a multi-organ disease characterised by increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These JunB-deficient mutant mice display several phenotypes from skin inflammation to a G-CSF-dependent myeloproliferative disease, as well as kidney atrophy and bone loss, reminiscent of psoriasis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Importantly, epidermal deletion of both JunB and c-Jun in an inducible manner in adult mice leads to a psoriasis-like disease, in which the epidermal proteome expression profile is comparable to the one from psoriasis patient samples. In this GEMM and in psoriasis patient-derived material, S100A8/A9-dependent C3/CFB complement activation, as well as a miR-21-dependent TIMP-3/TACE pathway leading to TNF-α shedding, plays causal roles in disease development. The newly identified therapeutic targets from GEMMs together with investigations in human patient samples open up new avenues for therapeutic interventions for psoriasis and related inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Uluçkan
- Cancer Cell Biology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Guinea-Viniegra
- Cancer Cell Biology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Jimenez
- Cancer Cell Biology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - Erwin F Wagner
- Cancer Cell Biology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, CNIO, Madrid, Spain.
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Trehan A, Brady JM, Maduro V, Bone W, Huang Y, Golas GA, Kane M, Lee PR, Thurm A, Gropman AL, Paul SM, Vezina G, Markello TC, Gahl WA, Boerkoel CF, Tifft CJ. MED23-associated intellectual disability in a non-consanguineous family. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 167:1374-80. [PMID: 25845469 PMCID: PMC5671761 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID) is a heterogeneous condition arising from a variety of environmental and genetic factors. Among these causes are defects in transcriptional regulators. Herein, we report on two brothers in a nonconsanguineous family with novel compound heterozygous, disease-segregating mutations (NM_015979.3: [3656A > G];[4006C > T], NP_057063.2: [H1219R];[R1336X]) in MED23. This gene encodes a subunit of the Mediator complex that modulates the expression of RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. These brothers, who had profound ID, spasticity, congenital heart disease, brain abnormalities, and atypical electroencephalography, represent the first case of MED23-associated ID in a non-consanguineous family. They also expand upon the clinical features previously reported for mutations in this gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Trehan
- Office of the Clinical Director, NHGRI/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, NIH Office of Rare Diseases Research and NHGRI, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jacqueline M. Brady
- Office of the Clinical Director, NHGRI/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, NIH Office of Rare Diseases Research and NHGRI, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Valerie Maduro
- Office of the Clinical Director, NHGRI/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, NIH Office of Rare Diseases Research and NHGRI, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - William Bone
- Office of the Clinical Director, NHGRI/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, NIH Office of Rare Diseases Research and NHGRI, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yan Huang
- Office of the Clinical Director, NHGRI/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, NIH Office of Rare Diseases Research and NHGRI, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Gretchen A. Golas
- Office of the Clinical Director, NHGRI/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, NIH Office of Rare Diseases Research and NHGRI, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Megan Kane
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, NIH Office of Rare Diseases Research and NHGRI, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Paul R. Lee
- National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Audrey Thurm
- Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience, NIMH/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrea L. Gropman
- Office of the Clinical Director, NHGRI/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences and Children’s National Medical Center, Washington D.C., USA
| | - Scott M. Paul
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Gilbert Vezina
- George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences and Children’s National Medical Center, Washington D.C., USA
| | - Thomas C. Markello
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, NIH Office of Rare Diseases Research and NHGRI, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - William A. Gahl
- Office of the Clinical Director, NHGRI/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, NIH Office of Rare Diseases Research and NHGRI, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Cornelius F. Boerkoel
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, NIH Office of Rare Diseases Research and NHGRI, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Cynthia J. Tifft
- Office of the Clinical Director, NHGRI/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, NIH Office of Rare Diseases Research and NHGRI, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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